Headquarters Research Articles

Sonographic Evaluation of Cholelithiasis in Diabetic Patients at District Swabi

Background: Cholelithiasis, the formation of gallstones in the gallbladder, is prevalent among individuals experiencing abdominal discomfort such as epigastric pain, nausea, and loss of appetite. The relationship between diabetes and the increased risk of developing gallstones has been noted, highlighting the importance of understanding this association for better disease management. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of gallstones in diabetic patients in the district of Swabi using ultrasonography to enhance early diagnosis and treatment approaches. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Radiology, District Head Quarters Hospital, Swabi, Pakistan. Participants included individuals presenting with upper right quadrant pain or with a history of diabetes. Ultrasonographic examinations were performed using a Toshiba Xeiro convex probe with a frequency range of 3-5 MHz. Data was collected through clinical histories and radiographic examinations, and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Ethics approval was obtained in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and all participants provided informed consent. Results: A total of 112 patients were enrolled with ages ranging from 8 to 80 years (mean ± SD = 39.37 ± 16.72 years). Females constituted 56.4% (n=62) and males 43.6% (n=48) of the study population. The majority, 88.2% (n=97), reported right hypochondriac pain. Among the patients, 60% (n=66) had multiple gallstones; of these, 36.4% (n=24) were diabetic. Conversely, 40% (n=44) had a single stone, with 38.6% (n=17) being diabetic. Conclusion: The study indicates a significant association between diabetes and the presence of multiple gallstones, underscoring the need for routine ultrasonographic screening in diabetic patients experiencing right hypochondriac pain. Early detection could lead to better management and potentially reduce complications associated with cholelithiasis.

PENGARUH KEPUASAN KERJA DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN KANTOR DIREKSI PT PERKEBUNAN NUSANTARA VII BANDAR LAMPUNG

This research aims to examine job satisfaction, motivation, and employee performance, and to analyze the effect of job satisfactionand motivation on employee performance. The data collection was conducted at PT Perkebunan Nusantara VII Bandar Lampung Head Office from February to March 2022. The method utilized in this research was survey method by involving 54 samples of employees from 10 divisions. The samples in this study were employees of group III. The data survey were analyzed using descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The results show that employee job satisfaction is categorized as quite good, employee motivation is quite good, and employee performance is categorized as good. It is concluded that job satisfaction and employee motivation have a significant and partial effect on the employee performance of PTPN VII employees group III. Key words: employee performance, job satisfaction, motivation

Enhancing WHO Prescription writing guideline adherence through an educational intervention - a quality improvement study of Azad Jammu and Kashmir.

Prescription writing is an important component of healthcare delivery and can directly influence patient safety and treatment outcomes. Prescription errors are common in developing countries because of the lack of national guidelines. This two-cycle clinical audit assessed the impact of educational interventions on improving prescription writing practices. A cross-sectional prospective clinical audit was conducted in the Out Patients Department (OPD) of the District Head Quarters (DHQ) Hospital in Bhimber, Azad Jammu, and Kashmir. A total of 100 randomly selected prescriptions were reviewed for each cycle from July to August 2023. We recorded compliance with WHO guidelines for prescription writing before and after the educational intervention. Microsoft Excel and SPSS version 25.0 were used for statistical analysis. Categorical variables were analyzed using frequencies and percentages. An improvement in compliance was observed during the 2nd audit cycle, after the educational intervention. The greatest improvement was observed in documenting the allergic status of patients (62%) and the direction of drug administration (40%). We also observed improvements in the treatment duration (>10%), patient weight, physician registration number, diagnosis, and follow-up advice. The legibility of prescriptions also improved during the 2nd audit cycle. This study shows that integrating an educational intervention into a clinical audit can improve prescription writing practices and ultimately result in better quality of care for patients.

Pendampingan Optimalisasi Peran Sumberdaya Manusia Perusahaan Kontraktor di Banjarmasin dan Palangkaraya untuk Peningkatan Kinerja Organisasi

More than in the previous era, after the COVID-19 pandemic, companies must build effective human resource management (HRM) to improve employee performance and work culture. This condition requires an organizational form and HRM system relevant to performance needs and demands. PT Gagah Putera Satria needs to transform employees' systems, processes, and work culture to increase their performance as a company engaged in the service sector. Improving and enhancing the performance of the human resource organization is the key to the company's success in achieving the expected performance. That is why the company developed a comprehensive HRM as a major project along with the change in the form of the company, which was initially a heavy equipment rental company, shifted to heavy equipment contractors in the mining industry in Kalimantan. This assistance aims to help the company improve HRM performance. The activities include mapping the actual conditions of the problems experienced related to the company's HRM, restructuring the human resource organization, and disseminating recommendations for HRM performance improvement programs to principals and employees of the head office and project office at the site. The results of the assistance are the formation of an integrated structure of the HRM system, the operation of the human resource management process with a streamlined structure and a more effective process, and the increased managerial skills of the HRM personnel of the company.

CAPACITY BUILDING EFFORTS FOR VILLAGE OFFICIALS AND THE VILLAGE CONSULTATIVE BODY IN CARRYING OUT THEIR DUTIES AND FUNCTIONS IN SIMARLELAN VILLAGE, SOUTH TAPANULI

The purpose of this research is to explain the efforts made to increase the ability of the village apparatus and village consultative bodies to perform their respective roles in South Tapanuli Simarlelan Village. The incapacity of the village machinery and village consultative bodies to perform their roles and responsibilities is the basis of this study. In addition to purposive sampling for informant selection and SWOT analysis for data analysis, this study employs descriptive qualitative approaches. The study was carried out in the South Tapanuli Regency's Simarlelan Village Head Office y in the Muara Batang Toru District. The findings indicated that because capacity building initiatives are only implemented by local governments with erratic timelines and do not involve the apparatus and BPD as a whole, it is possible to argue that they have not been fully and appropriately implemented in order to enhance the ability of village apparatus and BPD Simarlelan in carrying out their duties and functions.

Non-compliance of Hospital X Employee in Implementing Standard Operational Procedures of Instrument Decontamination and Chest X-Ray Services

Good hospital management is important to maintain the safety of patients, staff and hospital visitors. Each hospital employee responsible for patient safety by carrying out work according Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) guidelines agreed by organization. This study aims to identify the casues factors and the solution for hospital employees to not comply with the SOP. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach. Methods of data collection by conducting direct observation and interviews. Subjects in the study were determined based on purposive sampling, as many as 8 respondents consisting of the inpatient room's head, nurses and radiology officers. It is important to apply a system approach in the management of an organization. The elements included in the systems approach are planning, organizing, actuating and controlling. From those elements, there are things that not properly carried in the hospital. The existing procedures were not followed by the employees, for example, procedures regarding instrument decontamination in the inpatient room and photo reading at the radiology service. Non-compliance with this procedure is influenced by several factors, namely the staff lack of discipline and responsibility, inappropriate procedures, facilities that are not available, and there is no socialization of the procedure to hospital employees. The non-compliance of employees at X hospital was caused by procedural factors, decontamination and radiology officer's performance factors and hospital's facilities. For this reason, it is necessary to conduct periodic outreach, monitoring and evaluation of the SOP and hospital employees to improve the quality of hospital services and customer satisfaction.

Analysis of the Implementation of Prudential Banking Principles in Providing Business Capital Financing and its Impact on the High and Low Risk of Non-performing Financing (Study at BPRS Metro Madani Head Office)

The prudential principle is crucial to the continued success of the business. As far as giving support in light of Sharia standards and completing different activities, banks need to make strides that do not hurt the bank and the interests of clients who share their assets with the bank. And, banks are expected to work as per prudential standards. This study employed descriptive qualitative research, which falls under the category of field research. Information sources in this study utilized essential information acquired through meetings and auxiliary information such as true records, diaries, and other writing. The results showed that the implementation of the prudential banking principle in business capital financing at BPRS Metro Madani Head Office is by using feasibility analysis 5C + IS, 7P and setting the maximum limit of fund disbursement. The application of good prudential principles has a positive and good impact on the bank. This is evidenced by the decline in the level of problematic financing in BPRS from year to year. Keywords: prudence principle, problem financing, NPF

Examining the causes and effects of time overruns in construction projects promoted by rural municipalities in Nepal

Time overruns are the most common issue in construction projects, which have a significant negative impact on the project and the parties involved. This also applies to National Competitive Bidding (NCB) construction projects in municipalities, jeopardizing project timelines, costs, and quality standards. Poor performance by professionals in rural municipalities has resulted in inadequate infrastructure development in these areas. The goal of this study is to understand the causes and effects of time overruns by employing an exploratory and descriptive research methodology. The data from clients, consultants, and contractors consistently highlights key factors contributing to project delays, including adverse weather conditions, limited involvement from contractor head offices, insufficient consultant experience, inadequate site management, and delays in site mobilization. These delays incur substantial costs related to materials, land acquisition, labor, and market risks. The results included that 52.17% the projects experienced time overruns ranging from 24.4% to 514.71%. Furthermore, 21.73% of projects experienced cost overruns, with the highest at 19.92%. These findings provide critical insights for improving project management and addressing construction time overruns. It recommends conducting national-scale analyses to gain a comprehensive understanding of construction delays and to implement effective mitigation strategies.

Analisis Sistem Penyaluran Kredit Perbankan (Studi Kasus Pada PT BPR Supra Artapersada Kantor Pusat Operasional)

The banking industry has a role to support the economy which can be done through collecting funds and channeling it back in the form of credit, so that the bank is tasked with being a financial intermediary that connects existing funds from economic units with excess funds to economic units that need financial assistance (deficit), whether it's for working capital, investment and consumption (Effendi 2020). This study aims to find out whether the credit distribution system implemented by PT BPR Supra Artapersada at the Operational Head Office is based on procedures. Use of Qualitative Description as a method in this study, the data used is by collecting data from research objects and analyzing procedures and credit distribution systems. The research data was collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of the research show that credit distribution processes are carried out in various stages of the procedure, namely: the credit application stage, the interview stage, data analysis, debtor visits, collateral assessment, credit analysis, credit decisions, credit binding, and credit disbursement. By having an in-depth understanding of this process and the factors that influence it, we can identify areas for improvement and implement relevant measures to enhance the success of the credit distribution system.

Strategi Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat Desa Melalui Agrowisata di Kabupaten Banyumas

Cikidang Village is located in Cilongok Sub-district, Banyumas Regency, Central Java Province. Cikidang Village is the smallest village that attracts attention because it is located along the Purwokerto -Ajibarang provincial road and is dominated by agricultural land. The Cikidang Village Government has a short-term plan to explore the village's potential which includes natural resources, economic assets, social and cultural heritage, and human resources through the development of community-based agritourism. The medium-term plan for Cikidang Village is set out in the draft RPJMDES 2020-2025. This qualitative research involved field observations, interviews and documentation. Key informants in this research include the Village Head, Village Secretary, and General Affairs Officer of the Cikidang Village Government, as well as other stakeholders such as the Head of Bumdes, Head of Farmer Groups, Local Entrepreneurs, Community Leaders, and external parties including the Banyumas Regency Youth, Sports, Culture & Tourism Office, and Banyumas Regency small and medium business associations. The results revealed the potential of natural resources that can be developed as agro-tourism objects, while the development of the Cikidang Village rest area functions as a tourist centre that promotes local products and culture of the village. Based on stakeholder analysis shows that the participation of various parties in the agritourism development plan in Cikidang Village. Strategies to empower the community economy through agritourism in Cikidang Village are formulated in three stages, namely creating a conducive atmosphere, effective village government management, and maintaining long-term sustainability.

Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Pembelian Tiket Berbasis Web Pada PT Sri Varia Wisata

PT Sri Varia Wisata or known as Varita is a company engaged in the business of travel agency services, this company is a subsidiary of PT Pupuk Sriwidjaja or better known as Pusri which is under the auspices of the Pusri Employee Welfare Foundation (YKPP). The purpose of making this application is to help the ticketing section work more easily and efficiently in ticket purchase transactions at PT Sri Varia Wisata. Data collection techniques used are the stages of planning, analysis, design, coding and testing. The development of this system uses an iterative method. To describe the proposed application using Entity Relationship Diagrams, Data Flow Diagrams and Context Diagrams. Making this application using the PHP programming language and ticket sales database using MySQL. Users of this information system are the head office, ticketing staff and customers of PT Sri Varia Wisata. The conclusion obtained is that with this application, both ticketing staff and customers can be facilitated in conducting ticket sales transactions and can make it easier for the head of the office to find out the history of ticket sales in real time.

Molecular Investigation of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) from Biopsy Samples: A Case Study of District Mohmand, KPK

Background: Leishmaniasis is a complex disease with diverse clinical manifestations and remains a significant public health concern, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions around the world. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), being the most prevalent type, causes significant morbidity and social stigmatization. District Mohmand, an arid mountainous region in the KPK province of Pakistan, has an increased burden of CL with no prior molecular study reported on it in this region of Pakistan. Methods: The current study investigated CL using molecular techniques to detect and evaluate the risk factors associated with this disease in the affected population of District Mohmand. The study was conducted at Tehsil Head Quarter Hospital Mamad Gat, District Mohmand. Results: Out of 150 samples, 106 were found to be positive and 44 turned out to be negative under microscopy, while 122 were positive and 28 were negative using PCR analysis. Statistical analysis revealed that children between the ages of 1 and 10 years are frequently affected. Similarly, male gender is affected to a greater degree as compared to the female gender. Furthermore, the proportion of facial lesions was 62%, followed by upper limbs (17%), lower limbs (17%), and lesions on multiple sites (4%). These numbers are associated with various factors, such as the presence of domestic animals, lack of bed net usage, migration, and the type of wall and roof. Conclusion: The study concluded that children are more prone to infection. The PCR method was found to be more reliable for diagnosing CL as compared to microscopy.

Exploring the Communication, Information, and Education Strategies of the Indonesian FDA for COVID-19 Vaccine Development

The COVID-19 pandemic has become a complicated problem faced by the world. The absence of specific antiviral drugs or vaccines at the beginning of the outbreak made the public health approach the primary strategy for preventing the spread of COVID-19. The lack of transparency at the start of the COVID-19 outbreak also led to public misinformation. WHO called it an infodemic, an excess of information, whether true or not, making it difficult for people to determine valid references. In Indonesia, misinformation on health matters is not a new difficulty and is in the top rank along with socio-political. The government utilizes social media to provide information to the citizens. Social media itself has a vital role in the infodemic as a medium for disseminating information, whether credible or not. The Indonesian FDA plays an essential role in conducting education through social media. This study aims to map the elements forming citizens' engagement in Indonesian FDA social media use, especially in disseminating information about the COVID-19 vaccine. This study uses a regression method with citizens' engagement (calculated from the number of likes and comments) as the dependent variable. Three independent variables form citizen engagement elements: media richness, content production, and content type defined by the government. The sentiment toward government Instagram posts was measured by analyzing citizens' comments using the dataset from InSet Semantic Lexicon. Based on negative binomial regression results, data obtained that the framework developed in this research was statistically significant in observing the phenomenon. Media richness and content production significantly affect citizens' engagement. On the other hand, original and informative content encourages more citizen engagement. Generally, public sentiment on Indonesian FDA Instagram content, both head office and regional offices, tends to be more positive than negative.

GHQ 일본 점령하 야스쿠니신사의 변화

This study aims to examine rituals performed in relation to peaceful commemoration, with a focus on Yasukuni Shrine’s pursuit of pacifism centered on the appeasement of the spirits during the occupation by the General Headquarters (GHQ). The GHQ issued the Shinto Directive and the Religious Corporations Ordinance immediately after the occupation of Japan. This meant Yasukuni Shrine was no longer supported by the state and was reduced to a mere religious corporation, necessitating self-reliant measures. Departing from its militaristic image, Yasukuni Shrine chose to advocate for peaceful commemoration. Considering its economic position under GHQ’s occupation policy, the shrine needed to transform itself into a universally acceptable pacifist shrine in order to attract bereaved families and the general public as worshippers. The peaceful memorial rituals include the Eitai Kagura Festival, which allowed bereaved families to apply to conduct an individualized memorial ritual for fallen soldiers at Yasukuni Shrine, departing from the collective nature of previous deity-centric ceremonies during wartime. In addition, various other festive occasions (“matsuri”) were held for the first time, including the Mitama Matsuri, which is an ancestor worship memorial festival. Yasukuni Shrine’s pursuit of a public-oriented and peaceful approach to commemoration was essentially initiated as a result of pressure or coercion from the GHQ. However, the various new rituals (“matsuri”) initiated at the shrine during the GHQ’s occupation can be seen as part of its efforts to transform itself.

The Relationship between Green Hiring Process and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in the Banking Sector

The objective of this research is to determine the effects of adopting eco-friendly hiring processes on Organizational Citizenship Behavior. The study was carried out on nine bank head offices situated in Karachi, Pakistan's financial capital. A questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of 355 participants who were selected via the snowball sampling technique. The study had one dependent variable and four independent variables. The results of all the hypotheses confirmed that there is a positive correlation between Green Advertisement (GA), Green Screening/Shortlisting (GSL), Green Interviews (GI), Green Selection (GS), and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (GSB). This implies that incorporating eco-friendly practices in hiring procedures can help cultivate organizational citizenship behaviors in the workforce.

Pengaruh Kualitas Produk dan Personal Selling Terhadap Keputusan Nasabah dalam Memilih Produk Tabungan Barokah di BPRS Bhakti Sumekar Sumenep

This research explains product quality on customer decision making in choosing barokah savings products at BPRS Bhakti Sumekar, Sumenep Head Office. This research uses quantitative methods, namely research with statistical analysis or numbers. The sampling technique used was nonprobability sampling using multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study stated that the t test obtained tcount > ttable (3.477 > 1.66071). So Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected and it can be concluded that Product Quality (X1) partially has a significant effect on Customer Decisions. Another variable, namely Personal Selling, obtained tcount > ttable (9.4484 > 1.66071). So Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected and it can be concluded that Personal Selling (X2) partially has a significant effect on Personal Selling. Fcount > Ftable (88.966 < 3.09), meaning that all independent variables (Product Quality and Personal Selling) simultaneously have a significant positive effect on the dependent variable (Customer Decision) and the amount of R Square is 0.647 or 64.7% (65%) p. This means that the independent variables Product Quality and Personal Selling are able to explain the dependent variable (Customer Decision) by 65%. Keywords: Product quality; Sales Personnel; Customer Decision

Assessment of Non-Alcoholic Hepatic Steatosis Disease and its Association with Hepatomegaly by Using Ultrasound

Background: Non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis disease (NAHSD) is increasingly recognized as a major global health concern, particularly due to its silent progression and significant impact on quality of life. The prevalence of NAHSD is particularly high in regions with widespread obesity and diabetes, conditions that are escalating in global incidence. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and severity of NAHSD and its association with hepatomegaly using ultrasonography in a Pakistani adult population. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2023 to March 2024 at the Department of Radiology, District Head Quarter’s Hospital, Swabi, Pakistan. A total of 70 adults presenting with clinical manifestations of hepatomegaly were enrolled. Ultrasonography was performed using a Toshiba Doppler machine equipped with a convex transducer (2.5—5.0 MH frequency). Liver size, shape, and echogenicity were assessed, and hepatic parenchyma was graded into three categories based on echogenicity. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, focusing on descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The study comprised 41 females (58.6%) and 29 males (41.4%), with an age range from 19 to 69 years (mean age 43.79 ± 11.583 years). Hepatic steatosis was graded as mild in 20% (14), moderate in 5.7% (4), and severe in 1.4% (1) of patients with hepatomegaly. The majority, 72.9% (51), showed no signs of hepatic steatosis. Hepatomegaly was noted in 27% of patients (19). Conclusion: Ultrasonography is an effective diagnostic tool for assessing NAHSD and hepatomegaly, revealing a significant prevalence of these conditions among the studied population. Early screening and intervention are critical to managing and reducing the healthcare burden associated with NAHSD.

Analisis Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Square pada Kinerja Pegawai PT. Bank Pembangunan Daerah Jambi

<p dir="ltr"><span>Human resource management is required to be able to continue to develop themselves in order to have high performance and be able to excel at work. The value of employee performance is important which causes the company to require employee performance to be improved. The object of research conducted at the Head Office of Bank Jambi found that there are employees who have not been able to complete the assigned tasks effectively and efficiently. The purpose of this study was to analyze the direct and indirect effects of competency variables and work discipline on employee performance variables with work motivation variables as intervening variables at Bank Jambi. Based on these problems, the results of the analysis and discussion using SEM-PLS are (1) competence and work discipline have a positive and significant effect on work motivation at Bank Jambi. Work motivation can be explained by competence and work discipline by 65.7% and 34.3% is explained by other variables outside those studied, (2) competence, work discipline, and work motivation have a direct positive and significant effect on the performance of Bank Jambi employees. Employee performance can be explained by competence, work discipline, and work motivation by 72.1% and 27.9% explained by other variables outside the study, and (3) competence and work discipline have a positive and significant indirect effect on employee performance with work motivation as an intervening variable.</span></p><p dir="ltr"><span>Keywords: </span><span>Human resources; competence; work discipline; work motivation; employee performance</span></p><div><span><br /></span></div>

Selection of the Shortest Path of Gamalama Eruption Evacuation Using the Astar Method

Natural disasters have no time limit and can happen anywhere at any moment. They put human life at risk and can result in both property loss and casualties. Like those at Gamalama volcano, volcanic eruption disasters are constant and incur enormous losses. There are numerous evacuation sites for self-rescue against volcanic eruptions, and knowing the distance to the evacuation sites is necessary to expedite the self-rescue process to reduce the number of victims. Naturally, the areas surrounding the disaster center must be kept clear. To solve this issue, a mechanism for choosing the shortest path via the astar method must be implemented. As part of the astar method, the shortest path is chosen by first figuring out the starting and destination locations, initializing intersections by turning each intersection into a node, adding the node to the open list, calculating it with weights, adding it to the closed list, figuring out potential nodes that lead to the destination, and saving the results. As a consequence of the master method's application, the shortest route—a distance of 3,560 meters—connects the starting point (the Tubo village head office) with the gathering point (the Salerno field). Bypassing every pre-planned path, which is as follows: No. 1 (Jl. Ake Tubo, Tubo) - Node 2 (Ake et al.) - Node 7 (Jl. Batu Angus No.1, Dufa Dufa) - Node 8 (North Sangaji) - Node 9 (Toboleu, Kec. Kota Ternate Utara) - Assembly Point (Salero Field). Keywords: Astar, Volcanic Disaster, and Geographic Information System.

Parliament

This overview highlights the Parliament’s (i) adoption of a supportive opinion that nevertheless proposes amendments to FASTER; as well as (ii) ECON’s adoption of a favourable opinion on the head office taxation (HOT) and TP Proposal with amendments.