Psychodiagnostic Methods Research Articles

High school students’ perceptions of the modern teacher image

Introduction. In modern Russian society, the requirements for the general level of the school educational process have resulted not only from the demands related to the content of educational programmes, but also from sufficiently high requirements for a teacher personality. A modern teacher has to build up a holistic and harmonious image, ranging from stylish and modern appearance to a high level of professionalism. The image of a teacher directly or indirectly influences the effectiveness of the mutual action of the members of education. Therefore, the reflection of various aspects, which form the image of the teacher in order to correct it in accordance with the existing school realities, is a relevant direction of psychological research.The aim of the present research is to identify the most significant and preferred characteristics of the image of a modern teacher in the perceptions of high school students.Methodology and research methods. The methodological framework of the research is based on psychosemiotic approaches in social psychology: the concept of modern psychosemiotics of communication by E. A. Petrova and theoretical positions of objective and subjective psychosemantics by E. Yu. Artemyeva, V. F. Petrenko and A. G. Shmelev. The selection of psychodiagnostic methods was based on three-factor models of imageological space organisation. The perceptions of high school students about such characteristics of the image as the appearance of the “ideal” and “bad” teacher were studied using a projective technique. The method of free semantic survey, supplemented by the method of “Factor Space of the Teacher Image” by E. A. Petrova, was used to study personal, professional and communicative features. Such method allowed the authors to structure the students’ ideas about the image of the teacher by categories related to personal characteristics: attitude to own profession, attitude to students and educational activities. The images of teachers of different types were created through the psychosemantic technique developed by D. Peabody in A. G. Shmelev’s adaptation. The non-parametric criterion of differences – Mann-Whitney U-test was employed to identify the differences in high school students’ ideas about the image of the modern “ideal” teacher depending on gender.Results and scientific novelty. It was established that the attitude of high school students to the teacher mostly depends on teacher’s professional and personal qualities. School students especially highlighted the following aspects: the high level of mastery over the subject taught; teachers’ ability to interest students in educational material; cooperation with students and objective assessment of their knowledge. Significant positive personality characteristics included the ability to interact constructively and kindly with each student, as well as the high level of activity and positive energy of the teacher. The students think that a teacher’s appearance does not play a determining role. However, the respondents noted that it is important for them that the teacher prefers the business style of clothing and looks modern and neat.Practical significance. The research results can be applied in the practice of school psychological service and in coaching activities in order to inform the teaching staff and interested teachers about the role of image when building effective interactions in the system “teacher-student”.

Psychological foundations of teamwork training

The subject of this research is the individual psychological characteristics for learning teamwork skills. The relevance of the selected topic is defined by solving the tasks of teaching team interaction skills in the process of professional training of specialists, as well by insufficient empirical data on psychological mechanisms of pedagogical influence upon the effectiveness of tram-building process. The goal consists in comparing individual traits of the students and nature of their relationships, which determine the type of team interaction. For achieving the set goal and verification of the advanced hypothesis, the author surveyed teams of students (N=11) based on quasi-experimental plan. Along with the comparative design and correlation design, the author also applied the following psychodiagnostic methods: Eysenck's Personality Inventory (EPI), questionnaire for emotional intelligence by D. V. Lusin, “lifestyle index” method (adapted by L. I. Wasserman and others), characterological questionnaire by G. Shmishek, self-esteem model by A. Budassi; as well as statistical methods: Kruskal-Wallis criterion, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Based on the acquired results, the author empirically describes the types of team: “introverted”, “restless-intellectual”, “inconsistent”, “narcissistic”, and “aggressive-manipulative”. Comparability of the types of teams with characteristics of “dark triad-tetrad” is determined. The novelty of this work consists in the empirical substantiation of differential approach towards teaching teamwork skills, as well as in outlining the two key trends in pedagogical work with the students. The first is aimed at overcoming social insecurity by means of intellectual self-affirmation. The second implies the students’ desire to exercise control over emotions and the object of relations. The proposed recommendations for work with each type of team can be implemented in pedagogical practice of the higher school.

THE PSYCHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF HUMOUR AS A COMPONENT OF LUDIC COMPETENCE (THE SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT)

The article is devoted to the empirical study of humor as a component of game competence. A set of psycho-diagnostic methods which include the author's methodology for diagnosing game competence based on the mentioned humor development criteria including ludic competence, potentially beneficial humor styles, emotional intelligence, coping strategies, self-actualization, psychological well-being, actual abilities, has been designed.The use of groups of indicators and a set of methods created on their basis to study the peculiarities of the development of humor revealed at the ascertaining stage of the study the factor structure of humor, which is represented by three factors: Communicative Perceptiveness ”. As multiple linear regression analysis showed, among humor development predictors being simultaneously its assessment criteria were “Self-Acceptance” and “Human as an Open System” as markers of psychological well-being and “Self-Enhancing Humor” as a marker of beneficial humor style. A correlation analysis of the links between humor as a component of ludic competence and its concrete indices made it possible to conclude that humor as a component of ludic competence represents a personality's capacity to shift the perception of life challenges through forming their integral perception of positive and negative aspects. Next, humor is a means of self-preservation, and psychological defense against unfavorable factors. This provides an individual with the ability to cope with stress, self-development under the condition of combining affiliative and self-supporting humor that underlies a “reliance on the best, the most healthy-in-oneself” strategy.According to its psychological content, humor as a component of game competence is aimed at: 1) maintaining a humorous, easy, fun, ironic or self-ironic attitude to life events, to the environment, to himself in a variety of situations; 2) identify contradictions or inconsistencies in the behavior of other people, focusing on something positive, even in difficult, problematic life situations and circumstances - in order to cope with them, to overcome these circumstances; 3) use humor as a means of learning, especially yourself, development opportunities, as well as others. &nbsp

АГРЕСИВНІСТЬ У СТРУКТУРІ ОСОБИСТІСНИХ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТЕЙ ПАТРУЛЬНИХ ПОЛІЦЕЙСЬКИХ У ПЕРІОД ПЕРВИННОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ

Introduction. The article highlights the characterological features of the audience during the primary training of police patrol. The content of the concepts of "competence" and "competence" is defined. Specific traits of listeners training of official duties of patrol police are analysed. The professional and personal competencies of patrol officers are systemically connected. The article determines the dynamic changes of personal competencies, in particular, the formation of guidelines, awareness of the need for further personal development, which are characteristic for the short term of primary training. Purpose. The study aims to determine the place of aggressiveness in the structure of personal competencies patrol police officers during primary training. Methods. Psychodiagnostic methods Freiburg Personality Inventory, FPI, Buss - Durkee Hostility Inventory, observations used to achieve a goal.Results. The aggressiveness as a personal trait is a professionally significant quality patrol. The need for high self-control of personality and readiness for an active position in the protection of law and order exists in the work of the police. The indexes of aggressiveness and hostility of the group of subjects under the average norm are fixed. Opposition forms of behaviour, negativism, readiness to exhibit irritation with minor pathogens, suspicion are least of a degree for the investigators. The average indicators of spontaneous and reactive aggression prevail in future patrol officers. Low results for indicators of "neurotic", "depression", "shyness", "emotional lability" and high results on the scale of "balance" prevail in the study group. The article describes the interrelations between manifestations of personality aggression and such personality manifestations as openness, level of self-criticism, extraversion - introversion, level of gender identity of a person. The aggressiveness of the individual is associated with neuroticism, irritability and self-criticism.Originality. Interdependence of personality anxiety with tendency to indirect aggression, irritation was revealed. Propensities to intensified response, increased anxiety are barriers, readiness to overcome which should be formed during the period of primary training of the police. Conclusion. The inclusion of self-control of manifestations of personality aggression in the list of personal competencies of the students will contribute to the future of professional adaptation of patrol officers.

ЗАВДАННЯ ТА МЕТОДИ ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОГО ВИВЧЕННЯ ВІЙСЬКОВОСЛУЖБОВЦІВ

У статті викладено комплекс апробованих психодіагностичних методик, які можуть застосовуватися в межах психологічного забезпечення професійної діяльності особового складу на етапах професійно-психологічного відбору, перед вибуттям у район виконання завдань за призначенням, під час виконання завдань за призначенням і після повернення із зони бойового конфлікту в пункт постійної дислокації. Діагностика військового персоналу – сфера, в якій працює близько 1 500 фахівців. Практично з усіма категоріями військовослужбовців здійснюються заходи психологічної діагностики, результати якої мають серйозні наслідки як для кожного індивіда, усього підрозділу, так і для Збройних Сил України загалом. Використання надійних, валідних психодіагностичних методик та обґрунтованих процедур складання психологічного висновку допоможе фахівцям уникнути широко розповсюджених помилок у процесі їх професійної діяльності.

Social and Psychological Predictors of Investment Activity of Russians

The level of investment activity among Russians is rather low; that is why the understanding it predictors is of great importance. First, I presented an overview of Russian and international studies of psychological aspects of investment behaviour. Further, I discussed the results of the empirical research using the following sample: 360 respondents from 18 to 68 years old (average age 26 years). In my research, I used methods: socio-demographic characteristics, investment activity, including cognitive and behavioural readiness to invest in different financial instruments, and calculated index of investment activity. As concerns implementation of specific psychodiagnostic methods, I used the Questionnaire of tolerance and intolerance to ambiguity, Personal factors of decision-making, Semantic differential, and Big Five short portrait questionnaire (BF 5–10). The predictors of Russians’ investment activity, including their willingness to invest in cryptocurrencies, show a positive perception of bitcoin, high emotional stability, low intolerance to uncertainty, low rationality, and low kindness to other people.

ОПИТУВАЛЬНИК МОТИВАЦІЙНИХ ОРІЄНТАЦІЙ ПІДПРИЄМНИЦЬКОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ

Актуальність дослідження. Проблема мотивації підприємницької діяльності у вітчизняній психології залишається недостатньо досліджуваною, що і зумовило необхідність створення психодіагностичного інструментарію. Метою дослідження було створення психодіагностичної методики для вивчення мотиваційних орієнтацій на підприємницьку діяльність. Методи і вибірка дослідження. У психометричну вибірку увійшли 180 досліджуваних, серед них — 104 жіночої статі та 76 — чоловічої. Вік випробовуваних варіював від 17 до 60 років. Обробка даних проводилася в пакеті StatSoft STATISTICA 6.Психометрична обробка результатів дослідження включала перевірку внутрішньої узгодженості методики за коефіцієнтом альфа Кронбаха, оцінку конструктивної валідності та ретестової надійності опитувальника. Результати. Статистика альфа Кронбаха для шкали, що включає всі 70 пунктів склала 0,951. Для виявлення внутрішньої структури методики проводився факторний аналіз, що дозволило перевірити правомірність операціоналізації даного психологічного конструкту через десять латентних факто­рів (шкали). Висновки. Запропонована психодіагностична методика дослідження мотиваційних орієнтацій на підприємницьку діяльність відповідає сучасним вимогам до психометричного обґрунтування особистісних опитувальників. Психометричними параметрами мотиваційних орієнтацій на підприємницьку діяльність визначено такі мотиви – комерційного успіху, свободи і самостійності, самореалізації, глорістичні, влади, вимушеності, афіліативні мотиви, самоствердження, інноваційності, ризику. Стандартизація опитувальника показала його високу тест-ретестову надійність та валідність. Опитувальник може бути використаний для психодіагностики у структурі досліджень у галузі психологічного супроводу кар’єрного розвитку та у галузі психології праці.

МЕТОДИКА ДІАГНОСТИКИ ТІЛЕСНОГО ЛОКУСУ КОНТРОЛЮ

Метою дослідження було створення психодіагностичної методики для вивчення тілесного локусу контролю. Відповідно до мети дослідження завданнями роботи виступили: операціоналізація феномену тілесний локус контролю та його емпіричних індикаторів, розробка опитувальника як набору тверджень, що відображують зміст визначених індикаторів, психометрична оцінка, розробленого опитувальника. Методи дослідження. Психометрична обробка результатів дослідження включалаперевірку внутрішньої узгодженості методики за коефіцієнтом альфа Кронбаха, оцінку конструктивної валідності та ретестової надійності опитувальника. Конвергентна та дискримінативна валідність методики перевірялась шляхом визначення кореляційних зв’язків показників методики «Тілесний локус контролю» та методик діагностики ставлення до свого тіла О.Б.Станковської, діагностики локусу контроля Дж. Роттера, діагностики рівня суб’єктивного контролю Є. Ф. Бажина, С. А. Голикіної, А. М. Еткінда, опитувальника Body Awareness Questionnaire (конвергентна валідність); діагностики інтрацептивної чутливості, «Вербалізація тілесного Я» (дискримінантна валідність). Психометричну вибірку склали 286 «умовно здорових» респондентів віком від 15 до 55 років. Процедура ретестування проводилася через чотири тижні із залученням 96 респондентів, що входили до психометричної вибірки. Результати. Теоретичною основою створення опитувальника діагностики тілесного локусу контролю були концепція локусу контролю, концепції реципрокного детермінізму та каузальної атрибуції, уявлення про профіль суб’єктивного контролю, уявлення про роль інтернальності у клініці соматичних та психосоматичних розладів, а також зв’язку тілесного досвіду та смислового аспекту особистості, визначення локусу тілесного контролю, як зв’язку локалізації тілесних відчуттів із усвідомленням власного психоемоційного стану та ступенем самоконтролю, визначення основних сфер ставлення до тілесного, як ідентифікаторів тілесного локусу контролю. Шляхом деревовидної кластерізації було виділено статистично значущі класи тверджень, що відповідають 5 сферам ставлення до тілесного: сфера здоров’я і хвороби; сфера краси і зовнішності; сфера харчової поведінки; сфера сексуальної поведінки; сфера фізичної активності і спорту. Опитувальник характеризується інтраіндивідуальною стійкістю та розподілом близьким до нормального, що дає підстави для перенесення отриманих результатів вибіркової сукупності на генеральну, високою внутрішньою узгодженістю, . Визначені три інтервали граничні значення статистичної норми, що характеризують високий, середній та низький рівні показника інтернальності тілесного локусу контролю. Показники конвергентної та дискримінативної валідності свідчать, що запропонована методика вимірює саме усвідомлення детермінації особливостей функціонування власного тіла та характеризують приписування внутрішніх або зовнішніх причин того, що відбувається з тілом. Висновки. Запропонована психодіагностична методика «Тілесний локус контролю» відповідає сучасним вимогам до психометричного обґрунтування особистісних опитувальників. Психометричними ідентифікаторами тілесного локусу контролю визначено ставлення до основних сфер тілесного – сфери здоров’я і хвороби; краси і зовнішності, харчової та сексуальної поведінки, фізичної активності і спорту. Стандартизація опитувальника показала його високу тест-ретестову надійність та валідність. Опитувальник може бути використаний для психодіагностики у структурі досліджень з психосоматичної проблематики та реалізації оздоровчих психотехнологій.

Comparative analysis of the characteristics of patients with coronary heart disease of middle and older age with different dynamics of cognitive functioning during rehabilitation after coronary bypass surgery

For an in-depth study of the main clinical, psychosocial and emotional-personal characteristics of patients with coronary heart disease with different dynamics (improvement and deterioration) of cognitive functioning after coronary bypass surgery, a study was conducted on the basis of the Federal State Medical Research Center named after V. A. Almazova (St. Petersburg). The study involved 51 patients: 24 elderly (60–74 years old) and 27 middleaged patients (45–59 years old). The study was carried out in two stages: the 1st stage — immediately before coronary artery bypass grafting (1–2 days before the operation), the 2nd stage — 7–10 days after the operation. We used a clinical psychology interview and following psycho diagnostic methods: Integrative anxiety test (IАT), Toronto alexithymic scale (TAS), Trail Making Test (TMT), Subtests of “Similarities” and “The Block Design Tests (Kohs)” from the Veksler Scale for the Study of the Intelligence of Adults (WAIS), “10 words”; “Remembering stories”, “Simple analogies”, Test of visual retention A. Benton, Interference Stroop Task. According to the data obtained, elderly patients with cognitive impairment differ: not following a diet before hospitalization; lack of physical activity before hospitalization; the presence in the history of obesity of one degree or another; a large number of affected arteries (including trunks); more burdened by heredity in CVD in the male line. At the same time, middle-aged patients with a deterioration in the dynamics of cognitive functioning are distinguished by a large number of cigarettes smoked per day; damage to the left coronary artery, the presence in the history of chronic bronchitis; pronounced phobic component of personal anxiety.

Шкала отношения осужденных к труду (ШООТ)

The article presents the results of the development of a new psychodiagnostic method "Scale of convicts ' attitude to work (SHOT)", which combines the potential of all three: personal questionnaire, projective test, biographical method. The scale allows to get an integral assessment of the convict's attitude to work in a continuum with the poles "constructive – destructive" and includes three subscales (positive experience of work and employment, education and qualifications, perception of work and education as social values), which reflect qualitatively specific aspects of the attitude to work. The psychometric test was conducted on a sample of 195 male convicts, age 19 to 60 years old, with sentences ranging from 8 months to 24 years, who have a first criminal record (27%) and repeat offenders (73%). The criteria and design validity of the method is proved. Internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha) for the scale as a whole and its subscale ranges from 0.71 to 0.86, and retest reliability ranges from 0.69 to 0.81. The practicability of applying the method in scientific research and in the practice of psychological and psychological-pedagogical work with convicts is proved.

Psychological Features of Forming the Life Prospects of First-Year Students

The modern space of professional training for qualified specialists is characterised by variability and changes in the value paradigm, as a result of which the development of a professional takes place in the context of psychological characteristics, which, in turn, requires new research. The purpose of the presented study is to empirically examine the psychological features of the development of students, values and life prospects. In the course of the study, the authors used general research methods, including quantitative analysis and generalisation, and psychodiagnostic methods. The paper considered the psychological features of the development of value orientations of first-year students based on personal characteristics, such as asociality, anxiety, reflexivity, internal conflict, reflected self-attitude, etc. The correlation analysis of the obtained empirical data confirmed the interdependence of anxiety, reflectivity, self-determination, and value orientations in adolescence, which have a certain influence on the coordination of life prospects of youth. The analysis allowed identifying the factors of development of students, value sphere: “sociality”; “Self-concept”; “autoreflexia”; “externality”, “self-development”. The essence of the components of the total variance for the selected 5 factors in accordance with the sum of squares of factor loads is substantiated. It was discovered that the obtained factors are formed based on individual psychological indicators. The prospect of further research is the compilation and testing of a correctional programme, which will be aimed at improving the selected factors that determine the development of the entire system of values of students, life prospects

Psychodiagnostic method “Prenatal contact”: Structure and psychodiagnostic opportunities

«Вестник Санкт-Петербургского университета. Психология» — научно-теоретический рецензируемый журнал, публикующий оригинальные статьи по различным отраслям психологической науки и адресованный профессиональному психологическому сообществу, а также ученым, работающим в смежных областях.

The relationship of psychological, clinical and biological components in epilepsy

This study examined the relationship patterns of psychological characteristics, clinical and biological indicators, their relationship in the structure of the personality of epilepsy patients. The aim of this work was to study the ratio of biological and clinical and psychological components in the structure of a person suffering from epilepsy. Such characteristics was conducted as the type of disease seizures and duration of the disease were taken into account: simple, complex partial seizures, duration of the disease up to 30 years dominated. The verification of the diagnosis in the patients examined was carried out on the basis of clinical and neurological, psychopathological, pathopsychological, EEG examination and computer tomography data of the brain. The study of biological, clinical and psychological characteristics of epileptic patients was carried out using the method of clinical observation, psychodiagnostic method “Diagnosis of satisfaction of basic needs.” In patients with epilepsy revealed reliable multidimensional clinical and psychological characteristics of satisfaction of the main groups of needs: material needs, security needs, social (interpersonal) needs, the need for recognition, the need for self- expression.The considered characteristics are of interest to doctors, clinical psychologists and other professionals involved in preventive, therapeutic and rehabilitation measures of epilepsy patients.

Psychological correction of mild cognitive impairments in the elderly

The article discusses in detail the features of cognitive functions in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment. The aim of this research was to develop, implement and study the impact of psycho-correctional programs on mild cognitive impairment in the elderly. This article focuses on such cognitive functions as memory, attention, and thinking. We used the following methods to implement the research goal and objectives: theoretical analysis of scientific literature on the research topic; psychodiagnostic methods: Wechsler memory scale (WMS), the “10 words of Luria” method, Schulte tables, Munsterberg's test, methodology Simple Analogies, and Object Exclusion methods. Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test for matched pairs, a method of mathematical statistics, was used to process the data obtained. Based on the initial diagnosis, a program was developed for psychological correction of cognitive functions in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment, which included a number of therapies of a certain duration. Based on the repeated diagnostics, recommendations were developed to use the psychological correctional program by psychologists, clinical psychologists working with the elderly, as well as for the people of this age to maintain their cognitive functions within the individual norm and their relatives.

System for assessment of personal and professional suitability of IT staff in government organizations

The subject of this article is the development of psychological model for assessing personal and professional suitability of IT staff in government organizations applicable in human resource management. Firstly, the author highlights personality and professional traits, builds a mathematical model that allows correlating the manifestation of these traits (grouped into modules-predicators) with professional aptitude of IT personnel. Secondly, the author builds a formal-mathematical model on the bases of multiple linear regression equation for assessing the manifestation of personality and professional qualities using the psychodiagnostic methods at the stage of job placement of IT professionals. The scientific novelty consists in the analysis of literature that demonstrated insufficient research dedicated to professionally important qualities of IT personnel, as well as rare application of psychological modeling as the means for job placement and assessment of employees in all spheres. The main conclusion lies in determination of veracity of psychodiagnostic means for assessment of personal and professional suitability of IT personnel. The acquired model can be valuable in future research of professional aptitude, as well as implemented in human resource management.

THE PECULARITIES OF CREATIVITY IN MUSICAL ACTIVITY

The article presents the results of an empirical study of the creativity of professional and amateur musicians. The characteristic of the phenomenon of creativity is given. The purpose of this work is to clarify the characteristics of the impact of musical activity on the development of such a personal trait as creativity by comparing the differences in the characteristics of the creativity of musicians and people involved in music at the amateur level. To empirically verify the specifics of the creativity of professional musicians and amateur musicians, a psychodiagnostic study was conducted, which involved 96 people (52 professional musicians and 44 amateur musicians). The following psychodiagnostic methods were used to solve the tasks set in the study: 16-factor personality questionnaire R.B. Kettella (16-FPQ-187-A), diagnostics of types of thinking and level of creativity (J. Brunner), personal creativity questionnaire (OE Tunik, 2002). The presence of a higher level of creativity in professional musicians is substantiated and its constituent components in this contingent are singled out. The group of professional musicians has such traits as creativity, curiosity and riskiness. Amateur musicians also show a moderate level of creativity. Thus, the creativity of professional musicians and amateurs, despite the same type of activity, has a different character. Regression analysis used in the study revealed that the creativity of professional musicians is most influenced by imagination and symbolic thinking, and the creativity of amateur musicians is determined by imagination, figurative thinking and such traits as trust (L – according to Kettell). The study of creativity (professional musicians, amateurs) emphasizes the exceptional role of imagination in the creative abilities of both groups of musicians, but professionals, along with imagination, play a significant role in sign thinking, and amateurs - figurative thinking, which emphasizes the differences between their groups.

Phenomenon of Self-Objectification in Women: Analysis of foreign Studies and a View through the Prism of Russian Psychology

Background. At present, self-objectification of females is a very common phenomenon, reflecting the desire of women to meet the standards accepted in the society and manifested in excessive (even pathological) care of achieving the “ideal” appearance. This phenomenon was under study in various foreign psychological concepts and approaches, and especially in the theory of B. Fredrickson and T.E. Roberts. However, despite similar research in Russian psychology, the phenomenon has not been disclosed within Russian psychological methodology. In this regard, it is very important to analyze foreign publications for the subsequent development of an integrative approach to the study of self-objectification in females in the context of Russian psychology. Looking into this phenomenon from the standpoint of Russian psychological methodology would be useful for developing methods of assessment, intervention, and psychotherapeutic assistance for Russian girls and women experiencing psychological problems due to negative self-objectification. The Objective is to conduct a theoretical analysis of the phenomenon of women’s self-objectification in line with the national cultural-historical and activity methodology. Design. The paper provides a review of the publications on self-objectification in females which is analytical in its nature. In the paper, the basic approaches to the study of the phenomenon of self-objectification in females in foreign psychology are determined, and also the ways to understand the phenomenon in the context of the Russian psychological tradition proposed in the works of L.S. Vygotsky, A.N. Leontiev, S.L. Rubinstein developed by their students and the followers are shown. Results. The phenomenon of self-objectification in females is considered within the context of fundamental issues of psychology — the relationship of ‘outer’ and ‘inner’ contents, and particularly, within the framework of the subject-activity approach of S.L. Rubinstein and the activity theory of A.N. Leontiev. The role of the “social situation of the development” (L.S. Vygotsky) in the development self-objectification in females is shown. The mechanism of interiorization as a female’s adoption of the social ideas and attitudes is described. The process of interiorization is considered through three facets: individualization, intimization, and production of consciousness. The phenomenon of self-objectification was interpreted through the lenses of L.S. Vygotsky ideas about the intertwining of two domains of mental development in ontogenesis, i.e. the biological maturation of a person and the processes of mastering culture, and also within the notions of cultural-historical defectology. Conclusion. The research results contribute to expanding the scientific theoretical views of psychologists working within the national methodology to shape the phenomenon of self-objectification in females, which could facilitate further understanding of this theoretical construct and increase the number of empirical works in the research area. Female self-objectification through the prism of the Russian research methodology will contribute to the methodological status of this issue, enriching the idea of female self-objectification primarily at the philosophical (worldview) level and at the general scientific level of methodology (E.G. Yudin). All these will increase the interpretative capabilities of the concept. The materials of the paper can contribute to developing an integrative approach for understanding female self-objectification. The findings can be sufficient for creating methods of psychodiagnostics and psychotherapy for girls and women experiencing psychological problems due to the negative impact of self-objectification.

Psychological Determinants of Personaliti Bullying in the Sociometric Dimension

The article considers the main problems that arise when conflicts of interest between people in the sociometric dimension. The need for their comprehensive study will help to eliminate the negative consequences and use positive solutions to these conflicts for the development of the individual, his integration into society. The urgency of the work lies in the search for rational approaches to the origin and prevention of psychological bullying in the sociometric dimension as a consequence of the conflict of personality in agreement with its characterological education, psychological attitudes and beliefs. that is why the problem of bullying deserves in-depth study. The aim of the article is to study the influence of bullying on the uncertainty of adolescents in the sociometric dimension. The work is based on the provisions of prevention and reduction of external discrimination, isolation, humiliation and harassment, which will serve as factors to prevent personal uncertainty in the future. Bullying undermines the victim's self-confidence, destroys health, self-esteem and human dignity. There is a bullying structure, which is a social system that includes the offender, the victim and observers. Methods of measuring the manifestations of psychological bullying are determined, the corresponding set of methods of psychodiagnostics is presented and tested. Empirical data show that with insufficient and excessive mobilization of the individual there are with a high degree of probability such mental states that disturb the adaptive balance. Thus, with insufficient mobilization in a difficult life situation, it is likely to appear apathy and reduce energy expenditure. On the other hand, in a situation of excessive mobilization there is a state of high voltage against the background of excessive energy consumption. The results of this study are important in establishing international cooperation in the study of programs and projects in the context of transforming the human health system in accordance with international partnership standards and implementing a cultural exchange program for education and culture between countries.

THE INFLUENCE OF MOTIVATION ON THE PROCESS OF ADAPTATION TO THE STUDY OF SECOND HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS

The article is devoted to the analysis of relevance and expediency of research of process of motivation as the factor influencing successful adaptation of students. Identifying various aspects of students' motivation enables them to provide prompt feedback and improve adaptation conditions. The purpose of the research is to carry out a theoretical substantiation and an empirical study of the influence of motivation on the process of adaptation of students of the second higher education to study in a higher education institution. The task of the research is to select and conduct psychodiagnostic methods for studying the motivation and adaptation of students to learning; to determine the impact of motivation on the success of the adaptation of second higher education students to study. Analyzed the main approaches to the study of motivation and its species. The theoretical analysis of researches of problems of the motivation of students at present and features of the passing of successful adaptation is carried out. It was found that the specifics of motivation to learn is one of the important components that contribute to the successful adaptation and mastery of the chosen profession. After all, from the purposefulness and awareness of their prospects, it is much easier for a student to go through a new stage of socialization. In the course of the conducted experimental study of students 'motivation to study and adaptation, the peculiarities of motivation to study were revealed and the indicators of students' adaptation to educational activity were determined. It was also considered the causal relationship between the characteristics of motivation to study and the success of adaptation in higher education, which gives reason to believe that motivation to learn and master professional knowledge is one of the factors of successful adaptation not only in the academic group, but and in educational activities in general. The results of an empirical study of student motivation are presented. According to the data obtained during the empirical study, we can trace the following tendency: the vast majority of students had average motivation to study. Accordingly, a small number of students had the highest or lowest scores.  Probably, students who resume their studies at the second higher education come to the institution of higher education already motivated, compared to students who enter the study after graduation. References Besh, L.V., Dmytryshyn, B.Ia., & Besh, O.M. (2017). Suchasni mozhlyvosti pidvyshchennia motyvatsii studentiv do navchannia [Modern opportunities to increase students' motivation to study]. Lvivskyi klinichnyi visnyk, 1, 60–64. Retrieved from: http://lkv.biz/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Besh-L.-et-al.2017.pdf. [in Ukrainian]. Hyliun, O.V. (2012). Osvitni motyvatsii studentskoi molodi [Educational motivations of student youth.]. Hrani: naukovo-teoretychnyi i hromadsko-politychnyi Bulletin Dnipropetrovskoho natsionalnoho universytetu imeni O.Honchara. Tsentr sotsialno-politychnykh doslidzhen, 1, 102-104. [in Ukrainian]. Zavialova, E.K. (2001). Psykholohycheskye mekhanyzmu sotsyalnoi adaptatsyy cheloveka [Psychological mechanisms of human social adaptation]. Vestnyk Baltyiskoi pedahohycheskoi akademyy, Sank- Peterburh, 40, 55-60. [in Russian]. Zaniuk, S.S. (2002). Psykholohiia motyvatsii [Psychology of motivation]. Kyiv : Lybid, 304. [in Ukrainian]. Zinonos, N.O. (2017). Vykorystannia modeli adaptatsii studentiv dlia navchannia inozemnykh studentiv u vyshchomu navchalnomu zakladi [Using the model of student adaptation for the study of foreign students in higher education.]. Novi kompiuterni tekhnolohii, Kryvyi Rih : Vydavnychyi tsentr DVNZ «Kryvorizkyi natsionalnyi universytet», 15, 42-46. [in Ukrainian]. Kaniuk, S.S .(2002). Psykholohiia motyvatsii [Psychology of motivation]. Kyiv : Lybid, 238-248. [in Ukrainian]. Lytvynchuk, N. (2019). Problemy adaptatsii studentiv-praktychnykh psykholohiv do navchannia u zakladi vyshchoi osvity [Problems of adaptation of students-practical psychologists to study in a higher education institution]. Visnyk Natsionalnoho aviatsiinoho universytetu, 14, 128-133. Retrieved from: https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/39968. [in Ukrainian]. Pershyna, A. (2011). Adaptatsiia studentiv do navchannia u vyshchykh navchalnykh zakladakh [Adaptation of students to study in higher educational institutions]. Ukrainskyi naukovyi zhurnal «Osvita rehionu. Politolohiia. Psykholohiia. Komunikatsii», 3, 380-385. Retrieved from: http://social-science.com.ua/article/590. [in Ukrainian]. Semkiv, I.I. (2009). Adaptatsiia metodyky «Portret tsinnostei» (Portretni tsinnosti anketa) [Adaptation of the method «Portrait of values» (Portrait values questionnaire)]. Naukovyi chasopys Natsionalnoho pedahohichnoho universytetu imeni M.P. Drahomanova, Kyiv, 26, 289-294. [in Ukrainian]. Spirina, T.P., & Zariuhina, Ye.Iu. (2014). Osoblyvosti adaptatsii studentiv-pershokursnykiv do umov navchannia u vyshchomu navchalnomu zakladi [Features of adaptation of first-year students to the conditions of study in a higher educational institution]. Naukovyi visnyk Uzhhorodskoho natsionalnoho universytetu. «Pedahohika, sotsialna robota», Uzhhorod, 32, 182-184. [in Ukrainian]. Dweck, C.S. (1999). Self-theories: Their role in motivation, personality, and development. Philadelphia : Psychology Press, Taylor & Francis Group. 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Анализ зарубежных эмпирических моделей межкультурной компетентности и методик для ее оценки (Часть 2)

The article is the second analytical review about foreign empirical models of intercultural competence and psychodiagnostic methods developed on their basis, which have been tested for reliability and validity in foreign psychology. Here the analysis is presented of five approaches to intercultural competence and the results of its research. This article also describes the structure of subject-oriented, i.e. focused dominantly on the assessment of intercultural traits, or intercultural relations and worldviews, or intercultural possibilities, and mixed models, i.e. combined character traits, worldviews and possibilities. It is emphasized that the complexity of mixed models makes it possible to consider individual components of cross-cultural competence not as independent predictors of the effectiveness of cross-cultural efficiency, but in their relationship. This raises the question of the ratio of these components, their mutual conditionality and impact on each other and on intercultural competence in general, which has not yet been properly answered in science and whose resolution represents a promising direction for future research in this area.