Methods Of Scientific Knowledge Research Articles

ІНФРАСТРУКТУРНА ПІДТРИМКА УКРАЇНСЬКОГО РИНКУ ПРАЦІ

The article is devoted to the study of the elements of the Ukrainian labor market infrastructure and their role in the context of modern challenges. The relevance of the study is stipulated by the need to understand and support the effective functioning of the labor market in the face of change and instability. The purpose of the article is to develop recommendations aimed at infrastructural support of the labor market as an important condition for adapting to modern challenges, ensuring effective interaction between employers and employees, and developing the Ukrainian labor market in a complex socio-economic context. To achieve this goal, the study solved a number of tasks: defined the concept of "labor market infrastructure", elements of labor market infrastructure and their role in the functioning of the labor market; analyzed the current state of the Ukrainian labor market and negative trends in it; developed recommendations for infrastructure support of the labor market aimed at overcoming them. The study used general scientific methods of cognition: induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, association and analogy. The study found that a number of negative trends have emerged in the modern labor market, including a shortage of qualified personnel, a mismatch between the geographical location of jobs and labor, the spread of informal employment, and the inappropriate replacement of men by women in certain industries. Overcoming these challenges requires comprehensive infrastructure support for the labor market. This support should include improving vocational education, continuing the reform of employment services, cooperation between employers, government agencies and educational institutions, adapting legislation to labor market dynamics, and integrating innovations into various sectors of the economy to create new employment opportunities. Encouraging flexible forms of employment, such as remote work and freelancing, is crucial. In addition, creating equal conditions for all workers, regardless of gender, age or social status, is imperative to promote the development of a modern labor market. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using its results to develop and implement effective labor market management strategies.

The role of intercultural competence in successful intercultural communication of students in foreign language learning

Relevance. Globalisation, migration, increasing international relations and exchanges create the need for effective communication between people from different cultures and language communities, and therefore the investigation of intercultural competence becomes a relevant issue for foreign language students.Purpose. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of intercultural competence in ensuring successful intercultural communication of students engaged in foreign language learning in higher education institutions.Methodology. This study employed a set of methods of scientific cognition, namely analysis, systematisation, abstraction, and generalisation.Results. As a result of the study performed, it was possible to explore aspects of successful intercultural communication in students� foreign language learning, such as mutual respect, active listening, flexibility and tolerance, language skills, intercultural literacy, common goals and interests, practice and tolerance for mistakes, and self-awareness. As a result of this paper, it was found that intercultural competence can improve students� motivation to learn a foreign language, as understanding other cultures can make learning more interesting and meaningful.Conclusions. The study explored that technology in education and online learning can contribute to the development of intercultural competence. In addition, the study found that globalisation processes and migration affect the need for intercultural competence. Educational institutions and teachers can use the findings of this study to develop more effective foreign language teaching programmes, including components that promote the development of students� intercultural competence.

Правовая природа цифрового рубля

Introduction. Civil law is a fundamental branch of law whose modernization and reform are significantly influenced by global processes associated with the development of public relations. Digitalization is one such process. The product of digitalization is such a phenomenon as the digital ruble. This phenomenon is a “challenge” for both science and law enforcement practice and the legislator. The definition of the legal nature of the digital ruble deserves close attention from legal science, since the well-being of the state as a whole directly depends on how correctly the legal regulation will be implemented. Since the science of civil law is faced with the task of developing various ways to solve problems in forming the definition of the digital ruble and determining its legal nature, this is the purpose of the study. Methods. The methodological framework for the research is a set of methods of scientific cognition, including such main ones as analysis, synthesis, generalization, and comparative jurisprudence. Results. The authors have studied the essence of the digital ruble as the third form of national currency in the Russian Federation. The main purpose of the study is a comparative analysis of three forms of money: cash, non-cash funds, and the digital ruble. The authors have identified the similarities and differences between these objects of civil rights. As part of the study, various points of view of modern civilists on the problems of determining the legal nature of the digital ruble are studied. The main result is the conclusion that the digital ruble is not identical to either cash or non-cash funds. From the point of view of the legal nature of the digital ruble, it seems inappropriate to attribute it neither to the legal regime of the item nor to the right of claim. The main advantages of the digital ruble have been identified, which allow for a different look at a new form of money. The authors’ definition of the digital ruble meets the main features and peculiarities inherent in the new form of money.

Current state and prospects for the development of libraries of higher education institutions

The dynamics of the information and communication technology system necessitates the reformatting of librarianship in terms of the introduction of digital tools. The purpose of the study is to analyze the current state of libraries of higher education institutions (HEIs) and the prospects for their development in the context of global digitalization. The study was conducted using general scientific methods of cognition. The main vectors of strategic planning for the development of the library system and the priority areas of their practical implementation in the context of global digitalization are identified. The expediency and prospects of using innovative electronic systems, tools and technologies to optimize the library system of a higher education institution are analyzed.

ASSESSMENT OF KEY MARKETS FOR INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS IN UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF WAR

The article is devoted to the assessment of key markets for institutional investors in Ukraine in the context of Russia's full-scale invasion. The purpose of this study is to assess the institutional investor market in Ukraine during the war. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: to study the legal status of an institutional investor in Ukraine and its types, to assess changes in the institutional investor market after the start of a full-scale invasion, to identify key risks that exist in the market now, and to provide proposals on the need to improve state regulation of the institutional investor market to protect citizen investors in times of war. The methodological basis of the study was formed by general scientific methods of cognition: the dialectical method of cognition of the phenomena of the surrounding reality and the comparative legal method for establishing the legal status of an institutional investor, methods of logic (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, analogy), economic analysis, absolute and comparative advantages and statistical methods for analysing the market of institutional investors and making proposals, mathematical methods for calculating the volume of the market of institutional investors. In accordance with the systemic and structural approach, the institutional investor market was assessed by each of the structural elements of this market. The authors propose to consider an institutional investor as a financial intermediary that attracts and accumulates funds of individual investors (consumers of financial services) and carries out investment activities in the interests of individual investors aimed at financing socially and economically important sectors of the economy for the state and society. The authors pay special attention to the concept of responsible business conduct, pointing out that today, socially responsible business conduct is extremely important for the activities of an institutional investor, which includes "responsible attraction (accumulation) of funds" and "responsible spending (investment) of investors' funds". The study found that the main markets for institutional investors in Ukraine – banking, insurance and private pensions – showed stability and a slight increase in key indicators, which is very positive for Ukraine today. However, in the long term, there are a number of risks that should be taken into account by the government when formulating the state policy on the activities of institutional investors in these markets to protect the interests of citizen investors. The article provides suggestions on the main areas of improvement of the legislation on the activities of institutional investors to minimise the risks of citizen investors.

On the Role of the Judiciary in Ensuring the Information Security of the Russian Federation in the Face of Modern Challenges and Threats

The article substantiates that under the influence of modern geopolitical challenges, the importance of information security as one of the key areas of ensuring the national security of the Russian Federation is increasing. The purpose of the study is to theoretically substantiate the role of judicial authorities in the formation of the information security system of the Russian state in the conditions of modern geopolitical threats and technological challenges. The need to achieve the stated goal led to the formulation and solution of the following scientific tasks: the study of the legal nature of information security and its place in the structure of national security; analysis of current geopolitical and technological challenges and threats to the national security of the country in the information sphere; determining the role of judicial authorities in the information security system, including in the digital environment. Within the framework of this study, a set of methods of scientific cognition was applied, including philosophical, general scientific and private law (formal-legal, comparative-legal, interpretation), which made it possible to achieve the goal and implement the tasks set. According to the results of the study, it is proved that ensuring information security in the context of the activities of judicial authorities should be considered in two dimensions: ensuring information security within the judicial system itself; the activity of judicial bodies in the administration of justice aimed at the adoption of individual law enforcement acts, together with legal acts that create the most comprehensive legal regulation of legal relations in the field of ensuring national information security. The conclusion is made about the special contribution of the judicial authorities in ensuring the national interests of the Russia in the information sphere.

Digital Skills in Modern Business Models

The purpose of the article is to explore the role of digital skills in modern business models and their impact on company management. The research methodology is based on the principles of scientific research. General scientific methods of cognition are used, global practices of digital skills assessment are analysed based on the use of official documents and methodologies, and cases of digital transformation and the use of digital skills in the business models of global companies are studied. The scientific novelty lies in the formulated advantages of digital skills, which have a decisive impact on the transformation of business models in the digital environment, as well as on the structure and trends of the labour market, defining the basic competencies of the workforce and shaping the range of employers’ requirements. Digital transformation has not only changed the world of work creating new job roles and changing the nature of work itself but also developed the readiness of companies to face modern global and regional challenges. Best practices for assessing digital skills include using a comprehensive digital competency framework, conducting regular employee skills assessments, and providing targeted training and development programs to address skills gaps. Conclusions. It is formulated that digital skills management is an ongoing process that involves identifying the skills and competencies required for each role in the organisation, assessing current skills and providing learning and development opportunities. Rapid technological advancements, the need for retraining and upskilling, the problem of finding talent, digital security, organisational resistance to change, lack of standardisation, difficulty in integrating with existing processes, etc. pose challenges for modern companies. The cases of Amazon, Walmart, General Electrics, and IBM were studied. They were able to use digital skills to collect and analyze data, improve team collaboration and communication, and optimize their operations, which led to such benefits as increased efficiency, customer satisfaction, and cost reduction.

Russian economy in the conditions of institutional transformation of moving towards a multipolar world

Aim. To identify the key institutional characteristics of the transition to a multipolar world and to substantiate the directions of development of the Russian economy during this transition, contributing to the restoration of Russia’s position as an economic and political center of power in the new model of the world order.Objectives. To consider the institutional foundations of the world order to determine the place of multipolarity among other types of world order; to trace the features of the transition to a multipolar world as an institutional transformation from the point of counteraction to the dominance of one superpower; to formulate the directions of transformation of the Russian economy during the transition to a multipolar world.Methods. Using general methods of scientific cognition, as well as institutional and civilizational approaches, the paper considers the transition to a multipolar world as a natural stage of transition to a new model of world order, reflecting the evolution of world economic patterns and their corresponding world orders.Results. The regulatory functions of formal and value-ethical institutions in the institutional environment of the world order, as well as the role of states and civilizations as their sources and guarantors are determined. Institutional gaps in the models of unipolar and multipolar worlds are revealed. The thesis that the movement to the multipolar world model implies institutional transformation in economic, socio-spiritual and political aspects is substantiated. The role of values and conscious efforts of states in the transition to a multipolar world is shown. The main challenges and threats in the transition to a multipolar world for the Russian economy are identified and the directions of efforts necessary for its strengthening are formulated.Conclusions. The transition to a multipolar world is a complex process of transformation of the institutions of the world order and the world economic order on the basis of taking into account the national interests and values of a large number of global actors. During the period of institutional transformation of the transition, the Russian state faces new challenges in the sociovalue, economic and political spheres. The development of the Russian economy in the transition period should become the basis for strengthening the economic and political power of the country, its national sovereignty and provide a worthy place for Russia in the new model of the world order.

The role of behavioral economics in the system of economic sciences

Introduction. The article analyzes the theoretical foundations and approaches of behavioral economics in the context of their use in the process of creating information resources for business, considers its content, highlights the key aspects of the impact of the key provisions of behavioral economics on economic science and practice, and also reveals possible prospects for the integration of behavioral economics and accounting information formation processes.The purpose of the article. The purpose of the study is to analyze the key provisions of behavioral economics and their interpretation by scientists, as well as to determine the role of behavioral economics in the context of the development of economic sciences and the possibilities of applying the theoretical postulates of behavioral economics in the process of creating information resources.Methods. To achieve the goal, general scientific methods of cognition were used, namely: monographic and logical analysis, empirical methods of cognition, methods of comparison, extrapolation and generalization. Results. The work of researchers on the main theoretical provisions of behavioral economics as a new trend in economic sciences, which is dynamically developing and focuses on understanding human behavior and decision-making in the real world, is summarized. Research in this area shows that people do not always act rationally, and decisions are often determined by cognitive limitations, psychological factors, and social influences. It was determined that behavioral economics reveals the depths of human rationality, helping to enrich economic science and change the paradigm of decisions made, and therefore, its main provisions can be used in the processes of formation and use of information resources for business.Prospects for further research. Further research can be aimed at implementing the main theoretical provisions of behavioral economics in the processes of forming information arrays for business and developing new theoretical models that would take into account more complex psychological and social aspects of decision-making. This will provide an opportunity to investigate how technology and information influence the decisions of economic agents, as well as the use of information to solve important global problems, such as resource conservation, energy efficiency, combating climate change, social justice, etc.

Urban parks as an important component of environmental infrastructure: Biodiversity conservation and recreational opportunities

The ecological development of a modern urbanised territory is grounded in the fundamental concepts of sustainable green development, the concept of which reflects the satisfaction of the city’s needs while preserving the environment. The study has the objective of formulating recommendations to enhance the institutional structure of urban parks. These recommendations are aimed at aligning park operations with the principles of sustainable green development in cities. Additionally, the study seeks to improve the social and economic efficiency of the environmental infrastructure in urban areas. To achieve these goals, the study employed general scientific methods of cognition. They include analysis, abstraction, synthesis, induction, and deduction. The study also utilized methods of specification and formalisation. Throughout the research, the focus was on investigating the existing state of the management system for urban parks and evaluating the reserves of their recreational capabilities. It is established that the park economy of Ukraine is currently functioning in isolation, so the environmental optimisation of this area requires the formation of a modern approach to the management and organisation system. It has been determined that green areas of the city are a basic prerequisite for preserving the species diversity of local ecosystems. The primary directions for development of urban park systems in the direction of recreation are highlighted. The specifics of their management process with the involvement of modern monitoring and investment opportunities are investigated, and further development prospects are outlined. The study recommends key measures to improve the situation in the examined field. These measures encompass the enhancement of recreational opportunities within parks, the monitoring and control of anthropogenic impact on the environment, the regulation of quality and safety standards, and the preservation of biodiversity in local ecosystems. The practical significance of the research results is evident in their potential application in the development of programs. These programs are designed to enhance the efficiency of urban parks, elevate their recreational value, and establish a resilient ecological park network in Ukraine

Интеграция криминалистических категорий в практику участия прокурора в гражданском судопроизводстве

Introduction. The paper examines the participation of the prosecutor in civil proceedings, the legal framework, and the history of the formation of the institution in question, highlighting some forensic aspects that form an integral part of prosecutorial activity in the analyzed area. Purpose. The substantiation of the claim that the collection and consolidation for the purpose of subsequent research and evaluation of evidence in civil proceedings without the use of criminalistics categories does not allow recognizing the prosecutor’s activities as sufficiently effective. Methods. The methodological framework for the study was the methods of scientific cognition, among which the main ones were the methods of analysis, consistency, synthesis, and comparative law. Results. The conclusion is formulated that prosecutors in civil proceedings must necessarily have and possess forensic categories when working with evidence, as well as apply forensic recommendations when conducting certain procedural actions. Conclusions. Based on the provisions discussed in the paper, the conclusion is substantiated by the need for further development of tactical forensic recommendations in the field of prosecutor participation in civil proceedings. It is concluded that, based on the integration of the most effective tactical recommendations, the developments in this direction will allow for the optimization of both the participation of the prosecutor in civil proceedings and civil litigation in general.

Писаная обычно-правовая практика в арбитражном процессе Российской Федерации на современном цивилизационном этапе развития

Introduction. In the paper, the authors analyze the written customary law practice in the modern arbitration process of the Russian Federation in the context of the process of improving the arbitration procedural legislation at the modern civilizational stage of the development of Russian society and the state. The purpose of the paper is to analyze and define the doctrinal essence of judicial arbitration practice, the generalizing body of which is the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation. Methods. The methodological framework for study is the methods of scientific cognition, such as dialectical, logical, systemic, structural-functional, and formal-legal. Results. In the paper, the authors demonstrate an original vision and express their reasoned judgment that the legal positions of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation by their legal nature cannot be anything other than the written customary judicial practice of the highest corts at the modern civilizational stage of the development of Russian society and the state. Conclusions. After a scientific analysis of the material and generalization of their own evaluative judgments obtained as a result, the authors come to the conclusion that the legal positions of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, by their legal nature, cannot be anything other than the written customary judicial practice of the highest courts at the modern civilizational stage of the development of Russian society and state.

Dynamics of the Policy Network in the Aspect of Global Crisis Phenomena (On the Example of NATO)

Introduction. A peculiarity of modern political reality is the interconnectedness of the processes of globalization and fragmentation in the world. In a new emerging paradigm of international relations, policy networks come to the fore. These are the network structures for managing public affairs, uniting a variety of political actors. The relevance of the study is due to the need for an objective evaluation of the development of the policy network in the context of global changes as well as forecasting potential threats in the field of international security. The aim of the work is to examine the dynamics of the policy network in the context of global crisis phenomena, using the example of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Methods. The theoretical basis of the research is the network approach and the concept of policy networks, which allow us to study the object from an interdisciplinary point of view and conduct structural studies at all levels of analysis. The complexity of the structure of policy networks requires the use of methods of scientific cognition – analysis and synthesis, media analytics such as the research of content, and expert opinions. Analysis. The policy network is characterized both by the resilience and stability of its structure, which allows it to function effectively in internal and external transformations, and by the complexity of the relations among its actors. Global policy networks are formed on the principles of mutually beneficial resource exchange to achieve common goals and solve individual problems. An example of how NATO has been functioning in the period 2020–2023 showcases trends towards the transformation of the policy network from disintegration to subsequent reintegration to obtain the desired result. In a crisis situation, NATO as a global policy network is experiencing the dynamics of “connected instability”, establishing new forms of actor relationships that require flexibility in political decision-making. Results. In conditions of global instability and uncertainty, policy networks play a supporting (safety-maintaining) role in the processes of supranational regulation, contributing to the creation of an effective architecture of multi-level governance. As a result of the research, the author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to update the theory of the network approach to further develop mechanisms for describing the actors’ cooperation within the policy network.

О правовых проблемах обращения с отходами на региональном уровне

Introduction. The paper notes that Russia’s transition to a “green” economy will require the greening of all spheres of economic activity, including waste management. Now, a number of measures have been taken at the federal level aimed at improving the efficiency of production and consumption waste management, reducing waste burial and increasing waste disposal volumes, and building new waste processing plants. However, these measures are universal in nature and poorly take into account the specifics of the regions. To account for it at the level of the subjects of the Russian Federation, it is necessary to adopt their own regulations. Purpose. To consider the specifics of the three Caspian regions (the Astrakhan region, the Republic of Dagestan, and the Republic of Kalmykia), to identify their natural and climatic features that can be taken into account when developing draft regulations in the field of waste management, to analyze the provisions of scientific doctrine and the main discussions about the cardinal problems existing in the field of waste management, which can be used during the preparation of these legislative drafts. Methods. The methodological framework for the study was the methods of scientific cognition, among which the main ones were the methods of consistency, analysis, and comparative law. Results. It is necessary to adopt at the regional level a set of measures for the development of waste management infrastructure, the construction of waste processing plants, and the creation of a system of incentives for environmental entrepreneurs engaged in the industry of production and consumption waste management.

Категории «метавселенная» и «non-fungible token» в международном частном праве: на примере морской перевозки грузов

Introduction. The emergence of new technologies poses to the Russian legislator a number of complex issues that require rapid and high-quality study, since successful or, conversely, unsuccessful legal regulation of certain processes can promote or hinder their development. These are currently digital technologies and, as their separate element, the metaverse, which exists through the operation of a system of distributed registries, smart contracts, and primary accounting units – tokens. In this regard, the purpose of this publication is to consider the current state and certain aspects of improving the legal regulation of the metaverse and the turnover of a particular type of token, namely the non-fungible token (NFT). Methods. The research is based on the application of logical and dialectical techniques and methods of scientific cognition, comparative legal and legal-technical analysis of texts of normative acts, and materials of law enforcement practice. As a result of the research, the features of the functioning of metaverses as a symbiosis of the real, virtual, and imaginary worlds were considered. The introduction of such technologies into civil circulation, including the sphere of maritime transportation, can significantly improve the quality of legal protection of the rights and interests of subjects involved in these relations. The results of the review became the basis for the following conclusion: the Russian Federation is at the initial stage of the formation of metaverses on its territory, including the issue of legal regulation of such phenomena. In this connection, and taking into account the geopolitical situation, it was proposed by the state forces, with the involvement of the largest Russian transport organizations, on the basis of a public-private partnership, to accelerate the creation of such systems, including regulations in this area, both within Russia and at the regional and international level within the framework of the EAEU and BRICS.

Dennation of the Strasbourg Criminal Convention for Corruption: change in Russian anti-corruption policy or forced protection of national interests?

Purpose of research: to identify or eliminate the risks of a decrease in the effectiveness of anti-corruption activities after Russias denunciation of the Criminal Law Convention on Corruption (Strasbourg, 1999).
 Methods and objects of research: In the process of conducting the research, general scientific methods of cognition, which are used in legal sciences, were used. The dialectical method was used in a general assessment of the risks of refusing international cooperation in the fight against corruption, the logical method, methods of comparative analysis and synthesis were used in the study of regulations of modern Russian anti-corruption legislation and relevant sources of international law. Additionally, other private scientific research methods were also used.
 Main results of research: the Russian Federation, having denounced the 1999 Strasbourg Convention on Criminal Liability for Corruption, did not revise the strategic goals and objectives of anti-corruption activities. Corruption is still considered a threat to national security, and the fight against this socially dangerous phenomenon is a priority of government policy. The denunciation of this Convention and Russia's withdrawal from the specialized international organization the Group of States against Corruption (GRECO) is due to the need to protect national interests and maintain the status of a full participant in international relations.

Политико-правовая идеология И.В. Сталина: общий дискурс

Introduction. The study of the state and law of the USSR, whose successor and legal continuer is the modern Russian Federation, is impossible in isolation from the activities and political outlook of I.V. Stalin, one of its founders and state leader for almost thirty years. The subject of the paper is the discourse analysis of the political and legal ideology of I.V. Stalin by studying the ontological and epistemological prerequisites of its content and identifying on this basis the historical and cultural conditionality of its conceptual idea. Methods. The methodological framework for the work is a set of methods of scientific cognition, among which the main ones are a combination of dialectics and metaphysics, formational and civilizational approaches, and a number of general scientific and specific scientific methods. The main content of the paper is to establish the features of Stalin’s worldview as a politician and theorist and to study the main points of view on the general nature of his political ideology to provide its most adequate scientific description and definition. Results and conclusions. In relation to the general discourse of I.V. Stalin’s political ideology, the most adequate definitions would be “national Bolshevism” for the period of its formation and crystallization and “national-state socialism” for a later period, which characterizes its content in its mature and final version much more accurately. The fundamental conceptual formula of the Russian nationalization of the communist doctrine was the Stalinist idea of the possibility of building socialism in one single country. It became the value foundation of Stalin’s socio-political project, in whose theoretical justification there was a creative synthesis of the teachings of Marxism-Leninism with the traditions of Russian statehood.

Legal institute of preferences: concept, composition and system

The author formulates the concept, constitutional and legal basis, composition and system of the legal institution of preferences of the Russian competition law. The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that by now this legal education has not only not been studied in domestic jurisprudence, but is not positioned at all in the doctrine of competition law. Moreover, some legal scholars consider it alien to competition law. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the functioning of a separate legal institution of preferences in the system of competition law, the political and legal basis of which is the constitutional and legal provisions defining the beginnings of the country's market economy and the solution of socially significant tasks of Russian society through the use of the preferential mechanism, which includes two levels of legal forms at the sectoral level norms of international acts and treaties of Russia, regulatory legal acts of the Federation, subjects of the Russian Federation and municipalities of procedural and material order, differentiating into general and special prescriptions, forming its general and special parts. In the process of studying the legal phenomenon of preferences, a dialectical method of cognition was used within the framework of a materialistic approach in combination with private scientific methods of cognition of social and legal phenomena: analysis and synthesis, observations and comparisons, system and framework method, forecasting, planning and modeling. As a result of the conducted research, the fundamentals of the theory of the competitive legal institute of preferences are presented, as well as the positions of denial of the connection of preferences with the regulation and protection of competition among legal scholars and interpretation of the relevant provisions exclusively from the perspective of anticonrurent regulation of the activities of public legal entities are refuted. The provisions and conclusions of the study can be used in the law-making and law enforcement practice of the relevant legal provisions, as well as in the educational process of training lawyers. The novelty lies in the substantive analysis of the regulatory framework for the selective provision by the authorities of public legal entities with the prior consent of the antimonopoly authority of the country to economic entities of preferences as a separate institution of a special part of competition law.The functioning of the competitive legal institute of preferences is based on legal principles that determine its method, tasks and functions.

Prospects for the use of artificial intelligence as a means of counteraction to corruption in the activities of the bodies of preliminary investigation and the court

Subject of study: features of the possible use of artificial intelligence systems in order to reduce corruption risks in judicial and investigative activities.
 The purpose of the study: to identify and propose ways to overcome legal discretion and, thereby, ways to reduce the level of corruption based on the use of artificial intelligence technologies in the activities of the investigation and court.
 Research methods and objects: the research is based on the dialectical method of scientific knowledge. Private scientific methods of cognition were used in the following aspects: when considering the concept of artificial intelligence, methods of formal logic were used; the study of the practice of introducing artificial intelligence into investigative and judicial activities was based on the formal legal method. The object of the study is the social relations that are developing in the field of criminal procedure, suggesting legal discretion as a certain corruption risk.
 The main results of the study: the use of artificial intelligence for the long-term fight against corruption in judicial and investigative activities is possible as a controlled tool in such activities as: creating a service to facilitate the consideration of cases in a special manner; judicial record keeping and judicial statistics; simulation of the crime event; promotion of versions, determination of ways to check them.
 Subject of study: features of the possible use of artificial intelligence systems in order to reduce corruption risks in judicial and investigative activities.
 The purpose of the study: to identify and propose ways to overcome legal discretion and, thereby, ways to reduce the level of corruption based on the use of artificial intelligence technologies in the activities of the investigation and court.
 Research methods and objects: the research is based on the dialectical method of scientific knowledge. Private scientific methods of cognition were used in the following aspects: when considering the concept of artificial intelligence, methods of formal logic were used; the study of the practice of introducing artificial intelligence into investigative and judicial activities was based on the formal legal method. The object of the study is the social relations that are developing in the field of criminal procedure, suggesting legal discretion as a certain corruption risk.
 The main results of the study: the use of artificial intelligence for the long-term fight against corruption in judicial and investigative activities is possible as a controlled tool in such activities as: creating a service to facilitate the consideration of cases in a special manner; judicial record keeping and judicial statistics; simulation of the crime event; promotion of versions, determination of ways to check them.

УПРАВЛІННЯ РОЗВИТКОМ МІЛІТАРІ ТУРИЗМУ В УКРАЇНІ

Purpose. The aim of the article is studying the experience and substantiation of prospects for the development of military tourism in the post-war period in Ukraine and managing of its development. Design/methodology/approach. In the process of the study, the general scientific and special methods of scientific cognition were used, which allowed taking a comprehensive approach to the solution of the setted goal. The dialectical method of cognition was used in order to study and detail the object of study. The methods of comparison, analysis and synthesis were used to consider military tourism. The systemic and abstractly-logical methods were used to identify the main trends in the development of military tourism. Findings. The scientific article is devoted to the study of the prospects for ensuring the management and development of the industry of military tourism in Ukraine. It is noted, that the war in Ukraine demonstrates destructive socio-economic and environmental consequences in the form of large-scale destruction of settlements and their infrastructure, transformation of civilian objects into the defence installations, the emergence of new landscape formations during hostilities, the remains of projectiles and destroyed equipment, the large-scale human burial places, etc. The attention is drawn to the prospects of turning these phenomena into the one of resources of the post-war restoration of Ukraine in the form of integrating them into the tourism industry as a military-tourist product and historically-cultural heritage. The research has been carried out of the foreign practice of effective implementation of this perspective.It is noted, that the potential tourist flow requires the development of a concept of the development of tourism industry in the vector of innovative quality for Ukraine – military tourism. The attention is drawn to the achievements of the scientists in studying the idea of “military tourism” in the form of use of various military facilities in tourism, which is explained by the desire and curiosity of people to visit places associated with the most important battles, events that changed the course of history, places of great trials and human grief. Summarizing the suggestions of the scientists, the author’s vision of the definition of military tourism is proposed. The types of tourism have been diversified for military-historical, military adventure and military event-based. A key problem in the development of military tourism is the lack of management model, in particular, an organization that would exercise control of the quality of services and safety in the sphere of military tourism. Practical implications. In order to maximize the economic benefits of the development of military tourism, it is proposed to identify risk factors, affecting the industry, and to develop the possible means of mitigating their consequences. A dual causal relationship has been found between the geopolitical risks present in the countries and the number of tourists and the financial revenues from tourism. The conceptual directions have been developed of management of the sphere of military tourism in the post-crisis period, among which the basis is to achieve a “sustainable result”, which includes not only “reconstruction” to the previous state, but also “a leap forward” through training, transformation and growth. In particular, it has been determined that the permanence of small and medium-sized tourism enterprises will depend on the personal psychological stability of managers and their attitude to a staff of an enterprise. It has been proposed to apply a differentiated approach to the development of the sphere of management of these enterprises in the directions of financial, organizational and psychological support. Originality/value. The value of the research lies in the establishment and analysis of the cause-and-effect relationship between the opportunities for the development of the socio-economic system. An effective tool for the practical implementation of this concept in practice is the model of creating a new tourist product - an innovative tourist cluster, which involves the unification of state administration bodies, enterprises, societies, higher educational institutions, and public organizations for the purpose of synergistic cooperation.