Reconfiguration Method Research Articles

Surface Reconfiguration Method of Mesh Antennas by Electrical Performance

The active shape adjustment of large-diameter mesh antennas has been widely explored for achieving high on-orbit performances. The surface reconfiguration of the cable net reflector is the essential precondition for active shape adjustment of mesh antennas. In this paper, we proposed a surface reconfiguration method based on the modal theory and transfer learning method. The proposed surface reconfiguration method was divided into three steps. The first step is that the axial error distributions of preselected points of the cable net reflector is derived analytically by the electromechanical coupling method together with far-field mapping. The second step uses a modal theory to predict axial mechanical deformations of discrete nodes of cable net reflectors by the derived axial errors of preselected points. In the last step, the transfer learning theory together with the deep learning algorithm is adopted to predict radial mechanical deformations of discrete nodes of cable net reflectors. Simulation and comparative results show the proposed surface reconfiguration method can accurately predict displacement deformations of mesh antennas.

Kinematic restriction method for tensegrity structures

The use of tensegrity structures in robotics has been studied in recent years thanks to their properties of light weight, efficient distribution of forces and the possibility of applying control methods for the active shape reconfiguration, with crawling and rolling as examples. The structural composition of tensegrities, particularly the use of tensile elements, results in the presence of infinitesimal mechanisms. These affine motions have been considered for the development of control strategies that follow the manifold of stable positions described by these mechanisms. However, in robotic applications, the presence of rigid body motions can cause undesired effects, such as tensegrity structures flipping over. The form finding methods available in literature consider only the statics of tensegrities and most dynamic models work assume free-standing structures, while few consider fixed structures but do not deepen into the process of removing the rigid body motions. In this paper, the formulation of the equilibrium equations of tensegrity structures is reviewed, to describe the presence of the affine motions in the vector spaces of the equilibrium matrix. A simplified method for removing rigid body motions from the equilibrium equations is detailed, and the effect on the set of affine motions is explained. To verify the validity of this process, two numerical examples are given, including a single unit and a two stage tensegrity structures.

Potential Energy Efficient Data Fusion Model for Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks have made a significant contribution to wireless sensor communication system based on resource constraints and limited computational sensors. Over the last decade, several focused research efforts have been made to investigate and provide solutions to problems relating to the energy efficiency data fusion aggregation in Wireless sensor networks. However, the problem of designing routes that are energy efficient has not been resolved. It is rather a tough effort to guarantee that the lifespan of a sensor is prolonged for a longer period because of the restricted computational capabilities of sensors, which are often coupled with energy constraints. The findings of this work present an enhanced energy-efficient technique for communication in sensor networks which consists of three distinct innovative frameworks. The suggested framework known as Data Fusion with Potential Energy Efficiency (DFWPEE) is responsible for the optimization of energy. The proposed work reduces energy consumption by using probabilistic methods and clustering. During the data fusion process, the Multiple Zone Data Fusion (MZDF) architecture uses a globular topology that helps with load balancing. The strategy presents an innovative routing approach that is used to aid in the performance of energy efficient routing in large-scale wireless sensor networks. By introducing the idea of routing agents, the framework for the Tree-Based Fusion Technique (TBFT), as suggested, comes up with an innovative method for dynamic reconfiguration. The plan enables the system to determine which sensor has a higher rate of energy dissipation and then immediately transfers the job of data fusion to a node that is more energy efficient. This threshold-based technique enables a sensor to perform both the role of a cluster head and the function of a member node. The node behaves as a cluster head until it achieves its threshold remnant energy and functions as a member node after it passes the threshold residual energy. Both of these roles may be played simultaneously. The mathematical modeling was done using the conventional radio energy model which improved the dependability of attained results. The proposed system delivers enhanced energy efficient communication performance when measured against existing implemented standards for energy efficient schemes. The enhanced technique uses nearly half as much energy as LEACH while focusing on reducing the overall time taken for the process to complete leading to enhanced performance.

Design and Application of Single-Arm Live Working Robot System on Transmission Line

The power transmission line live working robot walks on the power transmission line through wheels. The robot arm and its end tools carried by the robot body can assist or even replace the manual implementation of live inspection and operation of the power transmission line. It has important theoretical significance and practical application value for improving work efficiency and solving dangerous problems in the operation process. In this paper, a single-arm live working robot is designed and developed for a variety of maintenance tasks on transmission lines. At the same time, a method of autonomous end reconfiguration on transmission line is proposed, so as to automatically realize transmission line inspections and live operation. The robot physical model and the motion planning of the robot manipulator arm for the typical fittings maintenance operation are given. The physical prototype system of the live working robot is developed through the system integration design. Finally, related live working experiments were carried out on the simulation test line so as to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the single-arm live working robot realize the inspection operation of the power transmission line. The research in this article has important theoretical significance and practical application value for intelligent operation and maintenance management of transmission grids.

Three-stage Defensive Framework for Distributed Microgrid Control Against Cyberattacks

With the wide integration of various distributed communication and control techniques, the cyber-physical microgrids face critical challenges raised by the emerging cyberat-tacks. This paper proposes a three-stage defensive framework for distributed microgrids against denial of service (DoS) and false data injection (FDI) attacks, including resilient control, communication network reconfiguration, and switching of local control. The resilient control in the first stage is capable of tackling simultaneous DoS and FDI attacks when the connectivity of communication network could be maintained under cyberat-tacks. The communication network reconfiguration method in the second stage and the subsequent switching of local control in the third stage based on the software-defined network (SDN) layer aim to cope with the network partitions caused by cyber-attacks. The proposed defensive framework could effectively mitigate the impacts of a wide range of simultaneous DoS and FDI attacks in microgrids without requiring the specific assumptions of attacks and prompt detections, which would not incorporate additional cyberattack risks. Extensive case studies using a 13-bus microgrid system are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed three-stage defensive framework against the simultaneous DoS and FDI attacks.

Improved non-symmetrical puzzle reconfiguration scheme for power loss reduction in photovoltaic systems under partial shading conditions

The power output of photovoltaic arrays decreases because of mismatch losses when working under partial shading conditions, and various static reconfiguration techniques have been proposed to mitigate these losses. The non-symmetrical puzzle arrangement, as a static reconfiguration strategy proposed earlier, can use simple arithmetic operations to alter the physical location of photovoltaic panels without modifying the total-cross-tied based electrical connections. However, this arrangement has the disadvantage of poor shading effects and is unsuitable for large-size arrays. In this work, by introducing an odd–even configuration and redefining the shift distance, a systematic static reconfiguration method called the parity-column index is proposed to solve these problems. To verify the validity of the output characteristics, a 9 × 9 photovoltaic array output model was built using MATLAB/Simulink, and six shadow patterns were simulated. Furthermore, the proposed arrangements were compared with the total-cross-tied, odd–even, and non-symmetrical puzzle arrangements. The simulation results regarding the global maximum power point, power mismatch losses, percentage power loss, fill factor, and percentage power enhancement were analyzed separately, and the output characteristics of the above array reconfiguration methods were evaluated to verify the superiority of the proposed arrangement.

Reconfiguration of distribution networks using rain-fall optimization with non-dominated sorting

The sharp escalating power demand and configuration changes in distribution networks (DNs) may operate the networks more closely to voltage stability boundaries. Under critical operating conditions, the DN is not able to provide good voltage profile and may experience voltage collapse. The performances of the DN can be improved by optimally reconfiguring the network. This paper models the reconfiguration of DN as an optimization problem with objectives of lowering active power loss, improving the voltage profile and enhancing the voltage stability; and suggests a new reconfiguration method involving rain-fall optimization and non-dominated sorting to obtain the best compromised solution for DNs. It presents simulation results of standard 33-, 69- and 95-node DNs, and exhibits that the method was able to lower the active power loss from 201.97 kW to 139.5525 kW, from 225 kW to 98.6082 kW and from 89.6733 kW to 30.5700 kW for 33, 69 and 95 node DN systems respectively. In a similar way, it portrays that the method was able to produce better results in enhancing the voltage profile and voltage stability.

A novel gateway node reconfiguration method of IOT based on hierarchical coding particle swarm optimization

In order to overcome the problems of low channel utilization, low transmission success rate and high data transmission delay in current gateway node reconfiguration methods of IOT, this paper proposes a novel gateway node reconfiguration method of IOT based on hierarchical coding particle swarm optimization. Based on the IOT network model, this paper analyzes the delay characteristics of the IOT, and constructs the object function of the gateway node reconfiguration of IOT. By monotone decreasing inertia weight strategy, the coding particle swarm optimization is optimized, and the reconfiguration objective function of the gateway node of IOT by using the optimized particle swarm optimization algorithm is solved. Experimental results show that the channel utilization ratio of the proposed method is higher than 90%, the success rate of information transmission is more than 80%, and the data transmission delay is less than 0.5 s, which indicates that the proposed method has high channel utilization, high transmission success rate and low data transmission delay.

Model-Based Voltage Quality Analysis and Optimization in Post-Fault Reconfigured N-Level NPC Inverter

This article proposes a model-based voltage quality analysis and optimization method for post-fault reconfigured N-level Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) inverter. It is found that the voltage quality of post-fault reconfigured multilevel inverters (MLIs) has significant degradation which could cause issues in critical applications. To analyze and solve the voltage quality problem, existing voltage quality and mathematical analyses of MLIs were reviewed. Significant limitations of existing voltage quality analysis methods and shortages of existing mathematical analysis were found. Thus, a suitable mathematical model of N-level NPC inverter is proposed in this article to accurately describe voltage quality of a reconfigured N-level NPC inverter. The mathematical model is validated by simulation and experimental results and used for voltage quality analysis. In addition, based on the accurate mathematical model and results of voltage quality analysis, an optimization method is proposed to alleviate the voltage quality degradation of post-fault reconfigured N-level NPC inverter. A five-level NPC inverter and a reconfiguration method were used as an example to illustrate the proposed optimization method. Experimental and simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed optimization method.

RnR-SMART: Resilient smart city evacuation plan based on road network reconfiguration in outbreak response

• RnR framework is proposed for a road network reconfiguration method that can consider various disaster factors based on open source GIS data. • The proposed model presents a big data processing method for generating an evacuation plan from actual large-scale road network data. • It presents a disaster response system with various paths and safe routs for urban resilience. • Reconfigured road networks improve the efficiency of evacuation plans from raw data. As the frequency of disasters increases worldwide, resilience planning through disaster management has become critical. Disaster managers must make difficult decisions prioritizing various disaster evacuation routes with limited road resources. This study proposes a road network reconfiguration (RnR) framework for disaster evacuation planning. The proposed model proposes a method to reconfigure a road network that can consider various factors based on open-source geographical information systems data. The proposed model first presents a big data processing method for generating an evacuation plan from actual large-scale road network data. This method is adopted for effective routes for large objects. Second, the proposed framework derives routes by disaster risk and is not limited to the minimum route cost, ensuring an optimal safe route according to the degree of risk. As a result, the proposed RnR framework contributes to the resilience of cities by enabling decision-makers and executives in disaster management to design action plans to avoid city risks and conserve human resources.

Region based reconfiguration of distribution network: A post-contingency security solution

The N-1 security principle is a key principle for distribution operation. However, it is not taken into account in modern distribution network reconfiguration models, which cannot satisfy security demands. And in order to solve this fundamental problem, this paper proposes a new reconfiguration method for distribution network considering N-1 security constraints. Firstly, distribution system security region are introduced to analyze real-time security as well as sub-concepts of security boundary and security distance are analyzed. Secondly, distribution feeder reconfiguration model is introduced to minimize the net loss considering N-1 security operation constraints. Thirdly, the model is solved by the improved genetic algorithm. Finally, the model of this paper is compared to the existing model and the results show that the reconfiguration strategy can satisfy the N-1 security principle and is better than modern models considering security of power systems, which prove that the proposed model and solving method are correct and effective.

Comprehensive Review of Optimal Utilization of Clock and Power Resources in Multi Bit Flip Flop Techniques

Objective: To analyze High-speed digital Integrated Circuit (IC) designing techniques and to identify the power dissipation rate in a different configuration of network switches. Methods: the complexity of a large-scale switching network is reduced using 2-bit Multi Bits Flip Flops (MBFF). The throughput and reliability are increased using a multibit flip-flop and have to be operated in parallel. The clock cycle required for 64-bit logical operation is analyzed using Xilinx software. The resources utilized during the execution process in various methods have been identified and analyzed Findings: Based on the survey, the proposed system will be built to identify characteristics of multi-bit flip flop based on switching speed (ps) concerning temperature (c), load capacity (fF), supply voltage (v), power consumption (mW) with respect to operating voltage (v) and many gates with respect to nanometer (nm) Novelty: Chip size and total power consumption rate by optimal chip reconfigurable network has been reduced to micrometer (mm) to nanometer (nm) and 0.3mW to 0.04mW respectively. Performance of parallel different applications operations in effective utilization of MBFF has been increased to 64 bits/s to 128 bits/s. The switching speed is increased with respect to clock frequency without any hazards and jitters using reconfigurable MBFF methods Keywords: System on Chip; Multibit flipflop; multibit register; breadthfirst search; Register transfer level; Verylargescale integration

Reconfigurable nonvolatile Boolean logic with one-transistor-two-memristor for in-memory computing

In-memory computing is highly expected to break the von Neumann bottleneck and memory wall. Memristor with inherent nonvolatile property is considered to be a strong candidate to execute this new computing paradigm. In this work, we have presented a reconfigurable nonvolatile logic method based on one-transistor-two-memristor device structure, inhibiting the sneak path in the large-scale crossbar array. By merely adjusting the applied voltage signals, all 16 binary Boolean logic functions can be achieved in a single cell. More complex computing tasks including one-bit parallel full adder and set–reset latch have also been realized with optimization, showing simple operation process, high flexibility, and low computational complexity. The circuit verification based on cadence PSpice simulation is also provided, proving the feasibility of the proposed design. The work in this paper is intended to make progress in constructing architectures for in-memory computing paradigm.

Reconfigurable Production Line Design Method for Human Workers – Robotic Cell Collaborated Line Considering Worker’s Attitude Toward Work

In recent years, manufacturing companies have faced difficulties in securing sufficient production capabilities at factories because of many regional risks, such as natural calamities and epidemics. A production line should be designed to be reconfigured to adapt to various risks for satisfying its demands. This paper proposes a flexible and reconfigurable production line composed of a combination of line workers and multipurpose equipment called robotic cells. A robotic cell performs work (similar to a worker) using a programmable arm robot. The required tasks are allocated to workers or robots. However, it is difficult to design the line configuration and task allocation, because the number of combinations is large. Additionally, the production efficiency fluctuates depending on the correlations between the worker’s attitude, skill level, and allocated tasks. This paper describes a production-line design method using a genetic algorithm. The proposed method maximizes the availability ratio and minimizes the cost of the production line by considering the worker’s attitude toward the work.

Studi Rekonfigurasi Sistem Distribusi Pada Jaringan 20 kV Dengan Metode Simple Branch Exchange Pada Penyulang Cempaka

The increasing electric energy consumption must be balanced with good electricity network quality. To overcome this, we need a distribution network reconfiguration. Reconfiguration in power distribution network is done to improve power distribution network quality. Problem that exist in the radial distribution network is power losses. To minimize the power losses can be overcome by compensating capacitor. Done by determining the location of capacitors in distribution networks. With that the capacitor compensates the distribution network is more effective and efficient in distributing power. In this research discusses the network reconfiguration using simple branch exchange method to reduce power losses in radial distribution networks. The reconfiguration method was carried out with the help of the Electrical Transient Analysis Program (ETAP) 12.6.0 software and has been tested by PT REKAYASA INDUSTRI and PLN Area South Kalimantan on the 20 kV distribution system of Cempaka feeder, South Kalimantan. With this reconfiguration, the voltage drop that occurs on several buses, especially bus 37 and 44, has a voltage drop of up to 95.03% to 95.31% with an average drop voltage of 95.1%, which means the average voltage drop. each feeder is ableto send electricity to consumers properly.

A Dynamic Service Reconfiguration Method for Satellite–Terrestrial Integrated Networks

Satellite–terrestrial integrated networks (STINs) are regarded as a promising solution to meeting the demands of global high-speed seamless network access in the future. Software-defined networking and network function virtualization (SDN/NFV) are two complementary technologies that can be used to ensure that the heterogeneous resources in STINs can be easily managed and deployed. Considering the dual mobility of satellites and ubiquitous users, along with the dynamic requirements of user requests and network resource states, it is challenging to maintain service continuity and high QoE performance in STINs. Thus, we investigate the service migration and reconfiguration scheme, which are of great significance to the guarantee of continuous service provisioning. Specifically, this paper proposes a dynamic service reconfiguration method that can support flexible service configurations on integrated networks, including LEO satellites and ground nodes. We first model the migration cost as an extra delay incurred by service migration and reconfiguration and then formulate the selection processes of the location and migration paths of virtual network functions (VNFs) as an integer linear programming (ILP) optimization problem. Then, we propose a fuzzy logic and quantum genetic algorithm (FQGA) to obtain an approximate optimal solution that can accelerate the solving process efficiently with the benefits of the high-performance computing capacity of QGA. The simulation results validate the effectiveness and improved performance of the scheme proposed in this paper.

Short-Term Cooperative Operational Scheme of Distribution System with High Hosting Capacity of Renewable-Energy-Based Distributed Generations

As the interconnection of renewable-energy-based distributed generations (DGs) to the distribution system increases, the local and temporary voltage and current problems, which are difficult to resolve with the existing operation method, are becoming serious. In this study, we propose a short-term operational method that can effectively resolve voltage and current violations caused by instantaneous output fluctuations of DGs in a system with a high hosting capacity of renewable energy sources. To achieve the objectives, a modified heuristic network reconfiguration method, and a method determining the maximum power output limit of individual DGs are proposed. We propose a cooperative method for controlling the power output fluctuations of renewable-energy-based DGs, which includes voltage control, network reconfiguration, and power curtailment. The proposed algorithm was verified through case studies by using a test system implemented in MATLAB environments. It can effectively resolve violations caused by DGs while minimizing the number of switching operations and power curtailment. The proposed method is an appropriate operation method to be applied to the real system as it can cope with the instantaneous output fluctuation of DGs, which was not dealt with in the existing operation method.

Analytical solution of satellite formation impulsive reconfiguration considering passive safety constraints

To handle the potential collision hazards caused by utilizing original fuel optimal impulsive reconfiguration approach, an analytical impulsive satellite formation reconfiguration method in terms of relative eccentricity and inclination vectors (E/I vectors) considering passive safety constraints is proposed. Firstly, the mechanism why original fuel optimal impulsive reconfiguration approach based on relative E/I vectors may cause unsatisfied collision avoidance constraints is analyzed. The unsatisfied scenarios are divided into two cases, namely, the single impulse is too large case and the middle relative E vector is in passive unsafety region case. Secondly, with respect to the unsatisfied collision avoidance scenarios, corresponding analytical impulsive reconfiguration strategies with passive safety constraints are proposed. Finally, the results of the numerical simulations show that the proposed reconfiguration methods can handle the passive safety constraints.

Followed The Regularized Leader (FTRL) prediction model based photovoltaic array reconfiguration for mitigation of mismatch losses in partial shading condition

Non-uniform irradiance, for example, partial shading, would affect the performance of the whole Photovoltaic (PV) array and reduce the output power. Since the layout of PV array is also an important factor influencing the performance of PV array, reconfiguration scheme has been researched popularly. Since plenty of array reconfiguration techniques are not realistic to be implemented in reality, in this paper considering the simplicity, robustness and economical aspects, a Followed The Regularized Leader algorithm (FTRL) regression prediction model based switches controlled PV array reconfiguration method is proposed to enhance the power output from solar PV array and alleviate the effects of partial shadings. The proposed scheme has no additional labor and wire requirement, since the proposed connection architecture of PV array involves no complex switch matrix design. Subsequently, to testify the performance of the proposed scheme, simulations with various shades in different PV arrays are made and evaluation parameters, for example, Fill Factor (FF) and mismatch loss are calculated. Furthermore, outdoor experiments are conducted to validate the simulation and the analyses. Besides, extensive analyses of cost analysis and energy savings are given. At last, a comprehensive evaluation is performed to check the quality of the proposed scheme by comparing with various techniques in literature.

Self-Adaptive Rainfall Optimization-Based Reconfiguration of Distribution Networks

Reconfiguration that alters on/off status of sectionalizing and tie switches attempts to improve the operational performances of distribution networks (DNWs). This paper formulates the reconfiguration problem as a multi-objective optimization problem of reducing the net feeder loss(NFL), improving the node voltage profile (NVP) and enhancing the node voltage stability (NVS) and proposes a new reconfiguration method involving rainfall optimization (RO) for obtaining robust solutions. The method performs search for optimal tie switches in several sets of sectionalizing switches; each set is obtained from a closed loop formed for each tie switch, with a view of reducing the computational burden and adapting a self-adaptive technique for tuning the RO parameters for improving convergence. It performs study on 33-, 69- and 119-node DNWs and exhibits its superior performance over existing methods.