Methanol Extract Of Whole Plant Research Articles

Antibacterial activity of methanol extract from Wedelia biflora (L.) DC. growing in the Can Gio Mangrove Biosphere Reserve, Vietnam

The study investigated antibacterial activity of methanol extract of Wedelia biflora (L.) DC. (Wollastonia biflora or Melanthera biflora) growing in the Can Gio Mangrove Biosphere Reserve, Vietnam by using agar well diffusion method. Antimicrobial activity strength of Wedelia biflora (L.) DC. was depended on diameter of antibacterial zone causing by the methanol extract. The findings showed that methanol extract of whole plants, Wedelia biflora (L.) DC. exhibited antibacterial activity against Gram (+) bacteria: Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus but negative effects on Gram (-) bacteria: Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Its antibacterial activity increased with increase in extract concentration. Only extract with concentration of 1000 mg mL-1 had moderately antibacterial strength against B. cereus but the extract with other tested concentrations had antibacterial activity at weak level according to Manuanza’s rating scale of antibacterial zones.

GC-MS and HPTLC bioautography-based phytochemical profiling and evaluation of biological activity Neptunia prostrata Linn whole plant and leaves

This work used experimental methods to evaluate the chemical composition of GC-MS, HPTLC-based bioautographaphy, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and protein denaturation properties of the Neptunia prostrata Linn (family: Mimosaceae) whole plant and leaves. Three methods, namely DPPH, metal chelating, and reducing power assays, were used to estimate the antioxidant effects. In addition, α-amylase, a carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzyme, was targeted to test the anti-diabetic activity. The protein denaturation assay was used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of the plant. GC-MS, an important analytical tool, was performed to identify bioactive compounds of medicinal plants used in pharmaceutical industries. Biochemical derivatization HPTLC-based bioautography with DPPH was executed to identify antioxidant agents from N. prostrata. The validated HPTLC method was used to quantify identified antioxidant agents. The stability of compounds, preparation of calibration curves, linearity, range, precision, limit of detection, limit of quantification, robustness, and accuracy are examined to develop a robust method. Higher total phenolic content (TPC) content was observed in N. prostrata hydroalcoholic extract of the whole plant (81.12 ± 4.19 mg GAE/g) and methanolic extract of leaves (105.16 ± 3.11 mg GAE/g). Methanolic extract of N. prostrata leaves showed significantly high antioxidant potential for all DPPH (IC50:28.05 ± 1.78 µg/mL), metal chelating (IC50:1598 ± 23.51 µg/mL), and reducing power assay compared to standard ascorbic acid (DPPH assay: IC50:24.14 ± 2.34 µg/mL and metal chelating: IC50:1301.16 ± 6.14 µg/mL). N. prostrata aqueous extract of the whole plant (IC50:179.47 ± 10.59 µg/mL) and leaves (IC50:130.86 ± 3.58 µg/mL) showed significantly high α-amylase inhibitory activity as compared to standard acarbose (IC50:148.62 ± 7.84 µg/mL). Methanolic extract of whole plants (IC50:131.46 ± 11.81 µg/mL) and chloroform extract of leaves (IC50:122.61 ± 8.19 µg/mL) exhibited strong anti-inflammatory activity as compared to standard acetylsalicylic acid (IC50:117.77 ± 4.95 µg/mL). GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of several bioactive compounds, where 2-cyclopenten-1-one, 2-hydroxy showed the most abundant bioactive compounds in the plant with 17.01%. HPTLC-bioautography identified three phenolic acids (chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid) and one flavonoid (naringenin), further quantified with the validated HPTLC method. These findings propose that N. prostrata has therapeutic potential for treating diseases related to oxidative damage, diabetes, and inflammation, which may be due to the presence of bioactive compounds.

Effect of bhavitha churna of Mandukaparni (Centella asiatica Linn. Urban) in Hyperuricemia associated with Gouty arthritis of elbow joints - A case report

Hyperuricemia is a condition caused by inadequate protein metabolism resulting exceed of serum uric acid level. According to a recent survey, hyperuricemia affects 28.94% of people worldwide. Treatment of hyperuricemia is typically based on long-term administration of hypouricemic modern medications, which can lead to additional complications. Hyperuricemia can be referred as Amaja roga in Ayurveda. To correct metabolism through treatment with an efficient, treatable, and safe Ayurvedic drug is preferable because Ayurveda places a high value on understanding metabolic disorders. Previous studies has reported hypouricemic activity of leaf and anti-inflammatory effect of methanolic extract of whole plant of Centella asiatica Linn. Urban. A clinical case of hyperuricemia with arthritis involving both the elbow joints along with right toe and ankle joint is being presented for the effect of bhavitha churna (processed powder) of whole plant of the drug Mandukaparni. Medicine was given at a dose of 2gm/day in the capsule form (2 capsules twice a day - 500mg/capsule). Bhavana involves churna being processed with liquid extracts to boost its potency. The treatment was conducted for three months along with one month follow-up without medicine. After the treatment, there was reduction in symptoms as patient reported with mild pain and no more swelling, tenderness and stiffness. Serum uric acid level was also reduced up to the upper limit of its normal range.

Identification of Chemical Constituents, Chromatographic profiling of PHE (Poly Herbal Extract) of selected Indian Medicinal Herbs and its Antioxidant activity Evaluation

The present study attempts to investigate the antioxidant activity and chromatographic profiling using HPLC and GC-MS technique of selected Indian Medicinal herbs. Evaluation of antioxidant activity of the methanolic extract of whole plant of Marsilea-quadrifolia (Sample 1), whole plant of Trigonella-foenum-graecum (sample 2), flowers of Cassia-auriculata (Sample 3), leaves of Mangifera-indica (sample 4), flower of Musa-paradisiaca (Sample 5), seeds of Eugenia-jambolana (sample 6), leaves of Aegle-marmelos (sample 7) and poly herbal Extract (PHE) with equal ratio of the mixture of the seven plants powder (Sample 8) were investigated by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl) assay, Hydrogen peroxide assay and Nitric oxide scavenging activity. Percentage of inhibition and half-inhibition concentration, IC50 values were reported. GC-MS and HPLC analysis of PHE revealed the presence of various Chemical compounds which mainly includes polyphenols and flavanoids responsible for antioxidant activity.

Two anthraquinone compounds from the whole plants of Hedyotis corymbosa

Hedyotis corymbosa from the Rubiaceae family, widely distributed in tropical regions of Asia. Based on the traditional uses, researchers provided substantial scientific evidence revealing the beneficial impact of this plant highlighting its anticancer, hepatoprotective, antiulcer, antioxidant, anti-malarial, antibacterial and antifungal activities. This study aims to screen and identify anthraquinone from the methanol extract of whole plant H. corymbosa. The Anthraquinone was further fractionated and isolated using chromatographic techniques to obtain the purity of compounds. The anthraquinone structure was determined using spectroscopic analysis especially the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Mass Spectrum (MS).

Semibarbula orientalis (Web.) Wijk. and Marg: A Potential Source of Bioactive and High Value Phytochemicals

Aims: Present study aims to evaluate the presence of bioactive compounds of Semibarbula orientalis (Pottiales: Pottiaceae), a bryophyte whole plant methanolic extract by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) which are important medicinally as well flavouring and colouring agents.
 Study design: Qualitative preliminary phytochemical and GC-MS analysis.
 Place and duration of study: The study was carried out at Department of Botany, Center of Advanced Study, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur-Rajasthan (India) from January 2017 to December 2020.
 Methodology: The Preliminary phytochemical screening of S.orientalis was carried out qualitatively following the standard methods of Harbourne, Trease and Evans. GC-MS analysis was performed by GC-MS-QP 2010 Shimadzu, Japan equipped with thermal desorption system TD 20.
 Results: Preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of carbohydrates, proteins, phenols, sterols, flavonoids and terpenoids. GC-MS analysis of methanolic extract of whole plant revealed the presence of 49 bioactive phytoconstituents which include mainly n-Hexadecanoic acid, Cis-vaccenic acid, Azulene, Hexadecanoic acid metyl ester, 1,3-Propanediol, 2-(hydroxyl methyl)-2-nitro, 9-12 Octadecadienol chloride (z,z), Octadecanoic acid etc.
 Conclusion: Preliminary phytochemical and GC-MS profiling of methanolic extract Semibarbula orientalis whole plant showed the presence of high value bioactive compounds with important medicinal properties and other uses in food industries as flavouring and colouring agents.

HPTLC analysis of Fumaria parviflora (Lam.) methanolic extract of whole plant

BackgroundFumaria parviflora (Lam.), commonly known as “fine-leaved fumitory,” is well known for its therapeutic properties in the Indian traditional medicinal system. The presence of important bioactive compounds in plants makes them pharmacologically valuable. Therefore, in the present study, the high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) analysis of Fumaria parviflora (whole plant) methanolic extract was performed for its phytochemical profiling.ResultsThe HPTLC densitometric analysis of the methanolic extract of Fumaria parviflora (whole plant) was carried out using CAMAG HPTLC system, and the results were obtained in the form of chromatograms (scanned at the wavelength of 254 nm and 366 nm) representing several peaks. The phytochemical profile of the plant was determined and presented in the tables showing the total number of peaks, peak heights, peak area, percent area, and Rf values.ConclusionThe study concluded that F. parviflora methanolic extract of the whole plant contains a rich variety of phytochemicals which might be accountable for its therapeutic value and thus justifies its traditional use in India.

Modulation of steroid hormone synthesis by methanolic extracts of Boerhavia diffusa

Steroid hormones such as oestrogen and progesterone play multidimensional role in regulation of reproduction, metabolic and neuroendocrine functions in humans and animals. Phytoestrogens bind to oestrogen receptors and mimic the role of oestrogen, thus play a role in the management of fertility as well as therapy of hormone dependent cancers. The whole plant of Boerrhavia diffusa was collected locally from the campus of College of Veterinary and Animal sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur. The qualitative phytochemical analysis was performed on the methanolic extracts of Boerrhavia diffusa for the presence of steroids, alkaloids, tannins, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, diterpenes, triterpenes and saponins [1]. In the present study, methanolic extract of whole plant of B. diffusa was analysed for its modulatory activity on steroidogenesis. The cytotoxicity of methanolic extract of B. diffusa was explored using MTT assay in MCF-7 cells and IC50 was calculated. The cells were also cultured in six well plates and exposed to (IC50, 2 times IC50 and half dose of IC50) for 96 hours. The culture media were collected every 48 and 96 hours, was stored at -80 °C and used for the estimation of progesterone and oestrogen by ELISA. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, tannins and flavonoids. Through the MTT assay the IC50 of methanolic extract of B. diffusa was found to be 170 µg/mL. The methanolic extract of B. diffusa showed significant increase in the progesterone concentration with maximum increase at 340 and 170 µg/mL. There was a significant decrease in oestrogen concentration when exposed to extracts at 96 hours post treatment with maximum decrease at 340 µg/mL. Hence it could be concluded that the methanolic extract of B. diffusa down regulated oestrogen synthesis independent of the interconversion of cholesterol to progesterone. Hence the effect may be in the pathway of conversion of progesterone to oestrogen.

In vivo Analgesic, Anti-hyperglycaemic and CNS Depressant Studies of Commelina paludosa Blume

The methanol extract of whole plant of Commelina paludosa Blume (family: Commelinaceae) has been screened to explore its in vivo central and peripheral analgesic, hypoglycaemic and central nervous system depressant activities in Swiss Albino mice. The crude extract significantly increased the latent response time in tail-flick method (p<0.001) at the doses of 200 and 400mg/kg body weight for a 90 minute period when compared to control group. The peripheral analgesic activity was evaluated by acetic acid-induced writhing method and the extract showed significant results (p<0.001) with 51.72 and 67.24% inhibition at 200- and 400-mg/kg body weight, respectively. In addition, a dose dependant blood glucose lowering and CNS depressant activities were also observed by the crude extract. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 23(2): 103-108, 2020

In vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities of methanolic extract and its metabolites of whole plant Cardiospermum canescens Wall

BackgroundTraditionally, the whole plant of Cardiospermum canescens has wide applications in the management of oxidative stress and inflammation in Africa and Asia. The present study investigated the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory, and anticancer activities of metabolites present in the crude methanolic extract of whole plant C. canescens (CCE).ResultsChemical examination of CCE revealed the presence of six known compounds (1–6). From the results of in vitro studies, it can confirm that CCE exhibited notably inhibition of DPPH and superoxide free radicals, along with COX-1, COX-2, 5-LOX, and XO enzymes. Compounds 2 and 3 showed significant inhibition of DPPH and superoxide free radicals. Also, compound 2 exhibited good inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2 enzyme with IC50 of 87.0 and 88.0 μg/mL. Furthermore, CCE exhibited significant inhibition of 5-LOX and XO enzymes with IC50 of 42.5 and 56.0 μg/mL, respectively, while standard with IC50 of 42.5 and 56.0 μg/mL, respectively. Among the test series of cancer cell lines, compounds 2, 3, and CCE showed a significant percentage of cell growth lysis of DLD-1 with IC50 values of 52.5, 72.5, and 32.5 μg/mL, respectively. Besides, all the metabolites and CCE showed a very weak degree of specificity against NHME, indicates less toxicity to normal cells.ConclusionTo conclude, the results of the present study indicated that the methanolic extract from the whole plant of C. canescens displayed antioxidant activity by inhibiting DPPH and superoxide free radicals; anti-inflammatory effects by regulating enzymes COX-1, COX-2, 5-LOX, and XO; and anticancer activity by inhibiting the growth of MCF-7, DLD-1, HeLa, and A549. These activities can link to natural active compounds 2 and 3. This study supports the traditional uses of the root of C. canescens. These data findings suggest that C. canescens can be a promising natural source of biological medicines for oxidative stress, inflammation, gout, and cancer.

In vitro antitumor potential of methanol extract of Mimosa pudica in human breast cancer cell lines

Background: Mimosa pudica belonging to the family Fabaceae , is a small sized shrub, used traditionally for its anti-spasmodic, analgesic, anti-spasmodic, antibacterial, and antitumor activities. Objectives: The present study was conducted to assess the anticancer activity of methanol extract of whole plant of M. pudica (MMP) in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. Materials and Methods: The antitumor activity of MMP was analyzed using 3-(4,5-dimethyl thazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. The cytological and metabolic alterations due to MMP were evaluated using acridine orange/ethidium bromide dual staining, hoechst 33258 and fluoroprobe, benzimidazol-carbocyanine iodide 5, 5', 6, 6'-tetrachloro-1, 1', 3,3'-tetra ethyl (JC-1) staining. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were carried out to assess Bcl-2, the antiapoptotic gene, and protein expression, respectively. Qualitative analysis and gas chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry were performed for the presence of various phytochemicals. Results: The methanol extract exhibited a potent antitumor activity in both the cell lines in vitro . Conclusion: The plant extract was showing the mode of action through intrinsic pathway of apoptotic cell death and may be studied further to develop a potent drug against breast cancer.

Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant, antibacterial and antidiarrheal activities of Limnophila repens

The study was carried out to determine the phytochemical content, antioxidant, antibacterial and antidiarrheal activity of methanolic extract of whole plant of Limnophila repens . The total phenolic, flavonoids, flavonols, tannins, β-carotene, lycopene, chlorophyll-α, and chlorophyll-β contents were found to be 65.21 ± 0.004 mg GAE/g , 44.83 ± 0.003 mg QE/g , 17.21 ± 0.002 mg QE/g, 56.27 ± 0.002 mg GAE/g , 1.32 ± 0.01 µg/g, 0.93 ± 0.012 µg/g, 11.85 ± 0.04 mg/g and 9.69 ± 0.037 mg/g, respectively. In vitro antioxidant potential of L. repens was assessed using various methods like by 2,2-diphenyl-1 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radical scavenging assay, reducing power assay, FRAP assay and thiobarbituric acid assay. IC 50 values of the aforesaid tests were found to be 2.33 mg/ml, 442.31 µg/ml, 374 µg/ml, 55.09 µg/ml, and 4.30 mg/ml, respectively. The total antioxidant capacity was observed 140.7 ± 0.004 mg/g AAE. Aantibacterial activity of the methanolic extracts of whole plant of L. repens was evaluated using the disk diffusion method. The plant extract didn’t show any activity against Gram-positive (except Staphylococcus aureus ) and Gram-negative bacteria. Finally, castor oil induced method was conducted to investigate the antidiarrheal activity of L. repens . At the dose of 400 mg/kg, the plant extract (35.62% inhibition of diarrhea) exhibited stronger effect compared to standard drug, loperamide (27.4% inhibition of diarrhea).

STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS IN DIABETIC RATS - A DEFENSIVE EFFECT OF PSYDRAX DICOCCOS

Objective: The present study was aimed to evaluate the antihyperglycemic activity and in vivo antioxidant effect of methanolic extract of whole plant of Psydrax dicoccos (MEPD) belonging to the family Rubiaceae.Methods: MEPD was prepared by Soxhlet extraction. Wistar rats weighing (180–200 g) were divided into six groups (n=6), with three doses of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg of extract. Metformin was used as a standard drug. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) (40–50 mg/kg, i.p) in control group. The animals were treated with different doses of extracts for 21 days, and on the 22nd day, the blood glucose levels along with antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and lipid peroxidase (LPO) were determined.Results: The phytochemical screening of the extract showed the presence of carbohydrates, phenolics, flavonoids, glycosides, and tannins. The methanolic extract of MEPD at the dose of 200 mg/kg body weight showed a significant reduction in blood glucose levels (**p<0.001) with the value of 151.2 mg/dl on the 22nd day at 8 h. A promising antioxidant effect was also evident from the determination of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, CAT, and LPO.Conclusion: The P. dicoccos extract revealed a potential effect of antihyperglycemic activity and combating nature on oxidative stress induced by STZ.

Sterol and triterpenoids from Hygrophila schulli Buch.-Ham.

The methanol extract of whole plants of Hygrophila schulli Buch.-Ham. was subjected to repeated chromatographic separation and purification processes to isolate its chemical constituents. A total of three compounds were isolated which have been characterized as stigmasterol, lupeol and lup-20(29)-ene-3β,23- diol on the basis of 1H NMR spectral evidence and confirmed by comparing with published data, as well as co-TLC in case of stigmasterol and lupeol. This is the first report of lup-20(29)-ene-3β,23-diol from this plant.

The binding proximity of methyl β-lilacinobioside isolated from Caralluma retrospiciens with topoisomerase II attributes apoptosis in breast cancer cell line.

The alterations in somatic genomes that controls the mechanism of cell division as a main cause of cancer, and then the drug that specifically toxic to the cancer cells further complicates the process of the development of the widely effective potential anticancer drug. The side effects of the drug as well as the radiotherapy used for the treatment of cancer is severe; therefore, the search of the natural products from the sources of wild plants having anticancer potential is become immense importance today. The ethno-medicinal survey undertaken in Al-Fayfa and Wadi-E-Damad region of southern Saudi Arabia revealed that the Caralluma retrospiciens (Ehrenb.) N.E.Br. (family Apocynaceae) is being used for the treatment of cancer by the native inhabitants. The biological evaluation of anticancer potential of bioassay-guided fractionations of methanolic extract of whole plant of C. retrospiciens against human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7) followed by characterization using spectroscopic methods confirmed the presence of methyl β-lilacinobioside, a novel active constituent reported for the first time from C. retrospiciens, is capable of inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in MCF-7 cells by regulating ROS mediated autophagy, and thus validated the folkloric claim. Based on a small-scale computational target screening, Topoisomerase II was identified as the potential binding target of methyl β-lilacinobioside.

Antidepressant effect of Hedyotis corymbosa extract in olfactory bulbectomy rats

Background: Hedyotis corymbosa Linn. (family: Rubiaceae) has been used in the Indian indigenous system of medicine, Ayurveda, for treatment of various health aliments. Objectives: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antidepressant activity of methanolic extract of whole plant of H. corymbosa (MHC) in olfactory bulbectomy rats. Materials and Methods: MHC was prepared and standardized to gallic acid by high-performance thin-layer chromatograph method. Effects of 14 days oral treatment of fluoxetine (30 mg/kg) and three doses of MHC (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) were evaluated on olfactory bulbectomy (OBX)-induced alterations in behavioral and biochemical parameters in rats. Results: MHC treatment reversed the OBX-induced behavioral abnormalities such as increased exploratory activity in open-field paradigm and decreased feeding latency time in novelty-suppressed feeding test. Serum cortisol levels were restored near to normal by the MHC treatment. Further, treatment of MHC prevented the OBX-induced decline of brain levels of serotonin and nor-adrenaline in dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: MHC prevents behavioral and neurochemical changes in OBX-induced depression in rats. These results demonstrate the antidepressant effect of H. corymbosa and support its folklore claim. Abbreviations Used: ANOVA: one-way analysis of variance; CPCSEA: Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals; ELIZA: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; HPTLC: High-performance thin-layer chromatography; MHC: Methanolic extract of Hedyotis corymbosa; NA: Noradrenaline; OBX: Olfactory bulbectomy; SEM: Standard error of mean; TLC: Thin layer chromatography; 5-HT: 5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HIAA: 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid.

English

Diabetes mellitus is becoming an increasing concern all over the world and such people especially in some communities have used medicinal plants to treat diabetes and its complications. This investigation aimed to examine the hypoglycemic potential of the methanol extract of Fleurya aestuans leaves in normal and alloxan induced diabetic rats. Thirty five Wistar albino rats were grouped into seven different groups of five per group where diabetes was induced in the rats by intra peritoneal administration of alloxan monohydrate (150 mg/kg) except a control group. F. aestuans methanol extract at a dose of 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg/kg of body weight were administered at a single dose per day for a period of 10 days to the diabetic rats, respectively. Five mg/kg of standard drug, glibenclamide (a positive control) was given to one of the groups. The effects of F. aestuans methanol extract of whole plant, on blood glucose was measured in the diabetic rats. This activity is not dose dependent. Key words: Fleurya aestuans leaves, antidiabetic activity, alloxan, glibenclimide, Wistar rats.

IN VIVO ANTI-DIARRHOEAL ACTIVITY OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF BOMBAX BUONOPOZENSE

Objective: Diarrhoeal disease is responsible for mortality and morbidity, especially among children in developing countries causing a major healthcare problem. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate anti-diarrhoeal effects of methanolic extract of whole plant of Bombax buonopozense against castor oil-induced-diarrhoea model and small intestine transit model in rats. Methods: Albino wistar rats were used for estimation of anti-diarrhoeal activity. Small intestinal transit models in rats the number of droppings and the distance traveled by charcoal in intestine were measured. Loperamide (2.5 mg/kg) was used as standard drug, and it has shown significant reductions in fecal output and frequency of droppings whereas extract at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg reduced the castor-oil induced frequency and consistency of diarrhoea. Results: The results obtained establish the efficacy and substantiate the folklore claim as an anti- diarrhoeal agent. Conclusion: Results conclude that the leaves extract of Bombax buonopozense contains bioactive natural substances with antidiarrhoeal properties. Peer Review History: Received 8 February 2017; Revised 25 February; Accepted 28 February, Available online 15 March 2017 UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file: Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 3.5/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Dr. Gulay B Anadolu, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey, gbuyukko@anadolu.edu.tr Prof. Dr. Husniye Kayalar, Ege University, Turkey, husniyekayalar@gmail.com Similar Articles: ANTI-HYPERGLYCEMIC AND ANTI-OXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF GONGRONEMA LATIFOLIUM ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTI-OXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF BAPHIA NITIDA

Hepatoprotective Activity of Methanolic Extract of Whole Plant of Pulicaria Wightiana L. against Carbon Tetrachloride and Paracetamol -Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

Hepatoprotective Activity of Methanolic Extract of Whole Plant of Pulicaria Wightiana L. against Carbon Tetrachloride and Paracetamol -Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

English

In this study, the crude methanolic extracts of whole palnt of Typha elephantina Roxb. were directed for screening of thrombolytic activity, membrane stabilizing activity, and total phenolic content. Human erythrocytes were taken for the analysis of both thrombolytic and membrane stabilizing activities and here streptokinase (SK) and acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) were used as standard for both tests, respectively. The methanolic extract of whole plant demonstrated high level of thrombolytic activity at the concentration of 4 mg/ml (33.33% of clot lysis) among various concentrations such as 2, 4, 6, 8, 7 and 10 mg/ml. On the other hand, the methanolic extract at different concentrations (1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 mg/ml), dose dependently inhibited the % of haemolysis of red blood cell (RBC) in case of heat induced condition and in case of hyponotic solution induced haemolysis, the methanolic extract just protected the RBC membrane. The total phenolic content (TPC) determination was investigated as a part of antioxidant assay. For the TPC determination, Folin-Ciocalteu method was used and the total phenolic content (126.33±4.33) of methanolic extract of T. elephantina was expressed by milligram of gallic acid equivalent to per gram of extract. Key words: Typha elephantina Roxb., thrombolytic activity, membrane stabilizing activity, total phenolic content.