Number Of Meshes Research Articles

Body City Car Design of Two Passengers Capacity: A Numerical Simulation Study

A city car is needed to overcome congestion and parking spaces in urban areas. However, currently, the body design of the city car is still experiencing problems, namely the value of the large drag coefficient, which causes an increase in fuel consumption. This study aims to design a city car body with two passengers that is more aerodynamic so as to minimize fuel use. This research method is a numerical simulation model using the ANSYS fluent students version 2021. Parameters in the form of drag coefficient values, velocity streamlines and velocity contours on the city car are aerodynamic aspects that are analyzed. The results show that the dimensions of the designed city car have a length of 2.59 m, a width of 1.6 m, and a height of 1.52 m by considering the ergonomic parameters and comfort of the user so that it fits the character of the people in Indonesia. In addition, from the independence grid analysis performed, the value of the number of meshes that have the smallest error value is obtained, namely mesh C (the number of meshes is 129,635). Mesh C has an error of 7.2%. It was found that as the velocity increases, the value of the drag coefficient (CD) produced is relatively smaller. In a city car with a velocity of 10 m/s, the drag coefficient value is 0.599, at a velocity of 20 m/s, the drag coefficient value is 0.594, and a velocity of 30 m/s is a drag coefficient value of 0.591.

The Effect of Pounding Tool and Length of Time of Pounding on the Quality of Brown Rice Flour (Oryza Nivara)

This study aims to determine the effect of the pounder and the duration of pounding on the quality of brown rice flour. This research using a factorial randomized block design. The first factor is pounding with wooden mortar and stone mortar, while the second factor is pounding with 3 levels, namely 20, 30 and 40 minutes. Statistical analysis using ANOVA and further test using 5% BNJ test. Organoleptic test was analyzed using Friedman test. The results showed that there was an interaction between the type of pounder used and the duration of pounding on the percentage of particle size, color organoleptic value, aroma organoleptic value and organoleptic value of brown rice flour texture but had no significant effect on water content, fat content, and crude fiber content of brown rice flour. . Treatment with a masher (stone mortar) with a pounding time of 40 minutes had a very significant effect on the number of mesh 80 passes in brown rice flour. The organoleptic test was on the highest color with a value of 3.75 (slightly dark red) with a wooden mortar pounding treatment and 20 minutes of pounding time, the highest aroma organoleptic test with a value of 3.075 (rather typical of brown rice) with a stone mortar pounding treatment and 30 minutes of pounding time, and the highest value organoleptic texture was 3.55 (smooth) with stone mortar pounding treatment and 30 minutes of pounding time.

Outcomes of sacrocolpopexy/sacrohysteropexy with mesh placement targeted to affected compartment

ObjectiveNo recommendation regarding the number of meshes to be implanted in laparoscopic genital prolapse surgery exists. Is it necessary to implant a mesh into a compartment that is not affected to prevent its prolapse in the follow-up? Our objective was to compare the long-term outcomes of laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy according to compartments where mesh was implanted. Study designThis is a retrospective cohort study of 328 patients after laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy at our centre in 7/2005 – 3/2021. 294 patients with perioperative data and POP-Q and/or prolapse symptoms in mean follow-up of 42.8 months was available for the outcome analysis. Surgical failure was defined as prolapse beyond hymen, subjective recurrence or retreatment. The women were divided into four groups depending on compartments, where the mesh was implanted. Group A – anterior, group P – posterior, Group AP – compound of patients with anterior or posterior single arm mesh placement and (B), with anterior and posterior arm placement. Groups AP and B were compared for feasibility of single compartment mesh implantation. Comparison of groups A and P allowed assessment of non-inferiority of single anterior vs. posterior compartment placement. The data were compared using Wilcoxon Two Sample test, Chi-square test or Fisheŕs Exact test, p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. ResultsA single compartment mesh implantation was associated with shorter operating time and hospital stay and comparable incidence of complications. A statistically significant difference in all POP-Q points in favour of group B was observed, however, with comparable rate of prolapse beyond hymen(6.3%AP vs. 7.8%B). Similar frequency of surgical failure (17.5%AP vs. 13.8%B) and incidence of de novo pelvic floor disorders or pain was observed. Comparison of groups A and P showed higher suspension of point C in group P(−2.6 vs. −4.0, p < 0.05) with no difference in points Ba, Bp, surgical failure rate and de novo pelvic floor disorders. ConclusionImplantation of a single sheet of mesh was not associated with inferior outcome to implantation of mesh to both compartments. Laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy with a single mesh arm placed into the affected compartment along with apical suspension does not induce a de novo prolapse in unoperated compartment.

The Virtual Element Method for the Dam Foundation With Joint

The contact is a typical non-linear problem that exists in various projects. For traditional three-node triangular mesh and four-node quadrilateral mesh, the accuracy and convergence of the calculation results are affected by the quality of the mesh. The test space and trial space in the virtual element method (VEM) do not need to be accurately calculated, avoiding mesh dependence. In this paper, the formulation of linear elasticity and the formulation of the frictionless node-to-segment (NTS) contact model via VEM are shown. There are four numerical simulations. The sensitivity of the virtual element method to mesh distortion is studied in the first numerical simulation. The exactness and convergence of the algorithm are investigated by the second numerical example. The second numerical example simultaneously explores the penalty factor’s effect on the results. The third example investigated the impact of mesh shape and number of Voronoi mesh elements on the results by comparing normal contact stresses. The fourth numerical example studies the application of the method to engineering. Those numerical examples show that the virtual element method is insensitive to mesh distortion and could solve the joint contact in engineering.

Design and General Characteristics of ‘Disco Dol’ (Two Seam Trawl) Operated along Ratnagiri, Maharashtra

The present investigation was taken to know the variations with respect to design, net specification, mesh size of Disco dol trawl net operated along the Ratnagiri coast. A total of 42 trawl net was sampled physically by using measurement tape and scale. The data were collected by structured schedule consisting of two major sections. The first section was for vessel details and second for the specifications of trawl nets. The study revealed that, two seam locally known ‘Disco dol’, operated from Ratnagiri was observed with eight belly sections of overall length ranges from 41 to 52m. Wings of the net were triangular in shape with a mesh size variation between 120-440 mm. The dimensions such as breadth, number of meshes along breadth and mesh size were decreasing from first to last belly section, but average number of meshes per metre were increasing from first to last belly. Wide reduction of 400-40 mm was observed in mesh sizes of belly section for Disco dol from first to last belly. Cod end mesh size of trawl operated from Jaigad, Kasarveli, Mirkarwada and Purnagad landing centres was recorded as 20 mm. In Ratnagiri, two seam trawl net was used mainly to catch fishes.

Modeling and Simulation of Additively Manufactured Cylindrical Component Using Combined Thermomechanical and Inherent Strain Method with Nelder-Mead Optimization.

This research concerns on the application of combined thermomechanical-inherent strain method (TMM-ISM) in predicting the distortion of additively manufactured component. The simulation and experimental verification were conducted in the form of vertical cylinder using selective laser melting, which was subsequently cut in the middle section. The setup and procedure of simulation approaches followed the actual process parameters such as laser power, layer thickness, scan strategy, and temperature dependent material, including flow curve retrieved from specialized computational numerical software. The investigation began with virtual calibration test using TMM, followed by manufacturing process simulation using ISM. Based on the maximum deformation result of simulated calibration and accuracy consideration from previous equivalent study, the inherent strain values used in ISM analysis were obtained using self-developed optimization algorithm with direct pattern search Nelder-Mead method in finding the minimum error of distortion using MATLAB. The error minima were measured between transient TMM-based simulation and simplified formulation in calculating the inherent strain values with respect to longitudinal and transverse laser directions. Furthermore, the combined TMM-ISM distortion results were compared to fully TMM with equivalent mesh number and verified based on experimental investigation conducted by renowned researcher. It can be concluded that the result of slit distortion from TMM-ISM and TMM showed good agreement with the error percentage of 9.5% and 3.5%, respectively. However, the computational time for combined TMM-ISM was reduced tremendously with only 63 min if compared to TMM with 129 min in running full simulation on solid cylindrical component. Hence, combined TMM-ISM-based simulation can be considered as an alternative method to replace time-consuming and cost-intensive calibration preparation and analysis.

ESTIMATING ANXIETY CAUSED BY FEAR OF NIGHTTIME CRIME FROM PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS

We propose a method of estimating the fear of crime on a university campus using objective measurements of the environment. In addition to field measurements of ‘number of passersby’ and ‘horizontal illuminance’, these objective indexes included ‘number of visible meshes’ to represent the openness of the surroundings as obtained from campus drawing data. We were able to estimate psychological ‘sense of security’ from these objective measurements of the physical environment by applying a multiple regression equation.

Numerical analysis of the vortex flow effect on the thermal-hydraulic performance of spray dryer

The use of a spray-dryer is very popular in the drying process in the food and beverage industry. However, due to the properties of the sensitive product that the quality will degrade in drying at high temperature, the innovative design of spray-dryer is developed which can increase the heat transfer rate at moderate temperature. This research was conducted to develop a spray-dryer design to improve thermal-hydraulic performance, with a high transfer rate and low-pressure drop at such a temperature. The design varies by several inlets categorized as design A with one inlet, design B with two inlets, and design C with three inlets. This simulation uses ANSYS FLUENT17, and the independence of the mesh was evaluated to improve the result of the simulation. The efficient mesh number is obtained from the independence of the mesh at around one million. The result shows that design C has the lowest pressure loss and the highest transfer rate due to high vortex and swirl flow generation, improving the mixture quality and direct contact between droplet and dry-air.

Influence of structural damage on evaluation of microscopic pore structure in marine continental transitional shale of the Southern North China Basin: A method based on the low-temperature N2 adsorption experiment

Structural damage from sample preparation processes such as cutting and polishing may change the pore structure of rocks. However, changes in pore structure caused by this structural damage from crushing and its effect on marine continental transitional shale have not been well documented. The changes of microscopic pore structure in marine continental transitional shale during the sample preparation have important research value for subsequent exploration and development of shale gas. In this study, the pore structures of transitional shale samples from the Shanxi-Taiyuan Formation of the Southern North China Basin under different degrees of damage were analyzed through low-temperature N2 adsorption experiments, combined with X-ray diffraction, total organic carbon, vitrinite reflectance analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that (1) With increasing structural damage, the specific surface area (SSA) changed within relatively tight bounds, while the pore volume (PV) varied significantly, and the growth rate (maximum) exhibited a certain critical value with the crushing mesh number increasing from 20 to 200. (2) The ratio of SSA to PV can be used as a potential proxy for evaluating the influence of changes in the pore structure. (3) Correlation analysis revealed that the microscopic pore structure of marine continental transitional shale from the Shanxi-Taiyuan Formations is mainly controlled by organic matter and clay minerals. Clay minerals play a leading role in the development of microscopic pores and changes in pore structure.

CFD and experimental studies on drag force of swimsuit fabric coated by silica nano particles

In the fourth generation of industrialization, computer analyses have been captured a lot of attentions in many different areas. For achieving accurate and reliable results, understanding experimental phenomena and comparing them to the computer output should be considered a reliable technique. The main purpose of this study is the comparison of experimental result of aerodynamic/hydrodynamic behavior of coated fabric by hydrophobic finishing with computational fluid design (CFD) to optimize the drag force of swimsuit fabric coated by silica nanoparticles. In this study, swimsuit fabric samples were treated by hydrophobic finishing and then wind tunnel setup used for understanding aerodynamic/hydrodynamic behavior of samples. CFD was also used for simulation of swimsuit behavior with the same characteristics of experimental samples. Both experimental and CFD analyses were then compared, and the results were analyzed to provide the optimum parameters of drag force for the swimsuit fabrics. Results showed that using CFD, optimum swimsuit designing parameters can be achieved more accurately. After primary tests for improving CFD output, it was concluded that variables such as number of meshes, turbulence model, and number of iterations play an important role in simulation output. The results revealed that number of 50 meshes, K-epsilon model for turbulence and number of iterations 1,000,000 are the best condition to study the drag force of simulated swimsuit fabrics. The comparison of experimental drag force and simulated drag force reveals that choosing right variants from experimental plays an important role in CFD output.

Investigation on permeability of ultra-thin screen wick with free surface using gravity flow and numerical simulation methods

The permeability of porous media is an important parameter in designing ultra-thin vapor chambers, while there was a little researched on the ultra-thin mesh wick with a free liquid-gas interface. In the paper, the permeability of single layer mesh screen with different mesh numbers and diameters was investigated using experimental and numerical simulation methods. Experimentally, according to the Bernoulli equation with the resistance term, the flow resistance could be balanced by gravity in a sloping placed wick. And when the flow reaches the equilibrium state, the permeability can be obtained through the flow rate and the incline angle based on Darcy's law. In order to further explore the relationship between permeability and mesh structure, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and optical microscope were used to observe the microstructure. Based on the scanning picture, numerical simulation was carried out to study the source of flow resistance. And then the relationship between permeability and structure parameters was obtained. The result shows that there is an approximately linear relationship between fRe (the product of loss coefficient and Reynolds number) and the hydraulic diameter in the position where the longitudinal and horizontal wires intersect. The work can support the calculation of the capillary limit in design of ultra-thin vapor chamber.

Numerical Analysis of Single-Particle Motion Using CFD-DEM in Varying-Curvature Elbows

Centrifugal pumps are the critical components in deep-sea mining. In order to investigate the particle motion in the curved channel of the impeller, three different types of curvature conform to blade profile to simplify the impeller design of pumps. A numerical study is conducted to investigate the flow field in a varying-curvature channel for solid-liquid two-phase flow. The flow of particles within the varying curvature channel is studied by combining the discrete element method (DEM) with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and a comparison with Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) test results. The results show that a polyhedral mesh with a small mesh number yields very accurate results, which makes it very suitable for CFD-DEM. Based on this method, the movement of a single particle is compared and analyzed, and the particle-motion law is obtained. The effects of the curvature ratio Cr and area ratio Ar on the motion law for a single particle are studied, and the simulation results are analyzed statistically. The results show that the effect of Cr on both the particle slip velocity and the turbulent kinetic energy only changes its strength, while the distribution law does not change significantly. Compared with the curvature ratio Cr, the area ratio Ar has a greater impact on the particles, and its distribution law becomes clearly different. As the area ratio Ar increases, the arc radius and length of the corresponding particle trajectory decrease.

Enabling nanoimprint simulator for quality verification: process-design co-optimization toward high-volume manufacturing

Computational technologies are still in the course of development for nanoimprint lithography (NIL). Only a few simulators are applicable to the nanoimprint process, and these simulators are desired by device manufacturers as part of their daily toolbox. The most challenging issue in NIL process simulation is the scale difference of each component of the system. The template pattern depth and the residual resist film thickness are generally of the order of a few tens of nanometers, whereas the process needs to work over the entire shot size, which is typically of the order of several hundred square millimeters. This amounts to a scale difference of the order of 106. Therefore, in order to calculate the nanoimprint process with conventional fluid structure interaction simulators, an enormous number of meshes is required, which results in computation times that are unacceptable. We introduce a process simulator which directly inputs the process parameters, simulates the whole imprinting process, and evaluates the quality of the resulting resist film for jet and flash imprint lithography process. To overcome the scale differences, our simulator utilizes analytically integrated expressions which reduce the dimensions of the calculation region. In addition, the simulator can independently consider the resist droplet configurations and calculate the droplet coalescence, thereby predicting the distribution of the non-fill areas which originate from the trapped gas between the droplets. The simulator has been applied to the actual NIL system and some examples of its applications are presented here.

Application of Graphene Oxide in Composite Geothermal Floor

With the rapid development of China's solid wood composite flooring industry, the market of solid wood composite geothermal flooring is gradually huge. The adhesives used in traditional solid wood composite geothermal flooring are mainly urea formaldehyde resin and phenolic resin. Its bonded wood-based panel has the problems of formaldehyde emission and poor waterproof. With the enhancement of people's awareness of safety and environmental protection, the problem of formaldehyde has attracted more and more attention. Looking for various formaldehyde free adhesives that can replace urea formaldehyde resin has become a research hotspot. Graphene oxide is a new carbon material with excellent properties, which has high specific surface area and rich functional groups on the surface. In this study, powdered oxygraphene material and isocyanate resin were mixed in different proportions to press the three-layer solid wood composite floor substrate, and the bonding strength and thermal conductivity were tested to investigate the effect of graphene oxide powder on the bonding and thermal conductivity of isocyanate resin. The experimental results show that the viscosity of the resin system increases with the increase of the amount of graphene oxide powder; Graphene oxide powder with mesh number of 250 can significantly enhance the bonding strength of isocyanate, But when the amount is too large (10%) on the contrary, the bonding strength decreases. Graphene oxide powder with mesh number of 50 does not significantly enhance the bonding strength; adding graphene oxide powder can improve the thermal conductivity of the floor. With the increase of the proportion of graphene oxide, the thermal conductivity, thermal conductivity and electrothermal conversion rate of the floor are significantly improved, but graphene oxide with mesh number of 50 is not as good as graphite oxide with mesh number of 250 Alkene increased significantly. The addition of an appropriate amount of graphene oxide fine powder reduces the infiltration of resin into wood, enhances the bonding performance and thermal conductivity, provides a new possible way for the application of graphene oxide material and isocyanate in the substrate of solid wood composite floor, and provides a certain practical basis for the manufacturing process and application technology development of thermal conductive floor and geothermal floor.

Mechanical Properties of Modified Plastering Mortar Based on the Mesh Number of Manufactured Quartz Sand and Additives

Mechanical Properties of Modified Plastering Mortar Based on the Mesh Number of Manufactured Quartz Sand and Additives

Performance of a multi-stage thermoacoustically-driven pulse tube cryocooler: Uncertainty quantification and sensitivity analysis

• An octa-engine four-stage cryocooler utilizing low-grade heat source is proposed. • A temperature difference of 132 K at a no-load cold temperature of 77 K is achieved. • Increasing stages reduces hot temperature, but with a lower exergetic efficiency. • Thermal conductivity and engine’s mesh number strongly influence cooling features. • The onset hot temperature has a linear relation with the connecting tube’s length. The current paper presents the broad-range sensitivity analysis and uncertainty quantification for the performance of a thermoacoustically-driven pulse tube cryocooler to make it robustly perform using a low-grade heat source. Accordingly, the onset and steady-periodic operations of the cryocooler are numerically simulated using Rott’s one-dimensional equations. The effects of increasing hot/cold core’s number, engine’s phase-shifter length, and mean pressure on the cooling features and hot-source temperature are investigated. In this regard, a looped-branched, octa-engine, four-stage cryocooler is proposed that operates with a steady temperature difference of 132 K at a no-load cold temperature of 77 K. In contrast to previous findings, the results show that increasing the number of stages or the charge pressure does not necessarily improve thermodynamic performance. Moreover, the uncertainty in the operation of a quad and octa-engine, four-stage cryocooler caused by the geometric and material characteristics is estimated using the Morris method. It is demonstrated that the overall operation is more sensitive to the hot-core dimensions than to the cold-core dimensions. Besides the hot-core dimensions, gas properties and solid thermal conductivity strongly influence the transient and steady-periodic features of the cryocooler, respectively. Furthermore, doubling the hot cores in the four-stage system increases the uncertainty of the acoustic power up to five times, leading to more uncertainty in the cooling features. Drawing on the results of this paper, a multi-stage cryocooler can be designed to optimize the overall performance and reliability.

Influence of garnet abrasive in drilling of Basalt–Kevlar–Glass fiber reinforced polymer cross ply laminate by Abrasive Water Jet Machining process

In this study, a modest attempt was made to analyze the influence of garnet abrasive of grit size 0.18 mm with mesh number 80 in machining hard Basalt–Kevlar–Glass fiber reinforced epoxy composite. The composite laminate was prepared by hand layup process with cross ply angles of 0, 45, and 90 degrees. A total of 14 layers were stacked precisely with a layer size of 1 mm each. The traverse speeds (100 mm/min, 200 mm/min, 300 mm/min), abrasive mass flow rates (100 g/s, 200 g/s, 300 g/s), and stand-off distances (2 mm, 4 mm, 6 mm) were considered as input parameters and the material removal rate, surface finish and kerf taper were considered as output parameters in response surface methodology optimization process. The scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the microstructure of the machined samples. The optimization study results show that good machinability behavior was achieved at a traverse speed of 200 mm/min, abrasive mass flow rate of 150 g/s, and a stand-off distance of 3.51 mm. The confirmation study verified the accuracy of the optimization result with an error percentage of 4.62 and 7.47 for kerf taper and surface roughness respectively.

Karakteristik Granul Gastroretentive Mukoadhesif Amoksisilin dengan menggunakan Kitosan-Alginat, Na.CMC dan HPMC

Gastroretentive Drug Delivery System (GRDDS) is a slow-release preparation that can be bound to the surface of epithelial cells or gastric mucosa, while mucoadhesive is one of the mechanisms of action of the Gastroretentive Drug Delivery System (GRDDS), which is a drug delivery system in which the bio adhesive polymer is combined with the drug. designed to have a longer contact with the mucous membranes in the digestive tract. This study aims to see how the characteristics of the granules that are formulated in the form of mucoadhesive gastroretentive granules. The preparation method used was wet granulation using a mucoadhesive polymer, namely chitosan-alginate with the addition of HPMC and Sodium CMC. The results showed that the velocity test of the flow rate on the granule formula F1-F8 met the flow rate requirements, the results of the F9 velocity had a poor flow rate, while the results of the angle of repose measurement in the F1, F2 and F4 formulas had good flowability, which was below 30o, different with F3, F5, F6, F7, F8, and F9 which have a 30-40o angle of repose with good flowability. The results of the particle size distribution using the stratified sieve method showed that the formulas F1-F9 were mostly retained by a mesh number 20 sieve with a size of 426-850 m. The results of the test results of the gastroretentive mucoadhesive granule preparation of amoxicillin showed that the preparation met the requirements for making granules.

Superwetting and photocatalytic Ag2O/TiO2@CuC2O4 nanocomposite-coated mesh membranes for oil/water separation and soluble dye removal

A novel oily wastewater treatment strategy of simultaneously removing insoluble oily compounds and soluble organic pollutants is highly desirable. Herein, a hierarchical Ag2O/TiO2 heterojunction-loaded CuC2O4 nanosheet-decorated copper mesh (Ag2O/TiO2@CuC2O4 CM) was rationally designed by a combination of chemical etching and solvothermal deposition methods to implement the strategy. The Ag2O/TiO2@CuC2O4 CM with hierarchical nanostructures derived from hydrophilic CuC2O4 nanosheets and belt-like Ag2O/TiO2 heterojunction was proven to exhibit superior superhydrophilicity, underwater superoleophobicity, and photocatalytic ability, which greatly improved the antipollution ability of the substrate mesh. The as-fabricated mesh with a reasonable mesh number can efficiently separate oil/water mixtures with an ultra-high flux (∼70 kL m−2 h−1) and surfactant-stabilized oil-in-water emulsions with an ultra-low residue oil content in filtrate (<60 mg L−1). More importantly, the loaded heterojunction on the CM showed a high photodegradation efficiency of about 94.1% toward soluble methylene blue and self-cleaning ability to regenerate oil-contaminated mesh within 60 min under visible light irradiation by photo-Fenton-like reaction. Besides, the favorable salt resistance, acid and alkali resistance, and stability of the CM for long-term use were also observed. Thus, this study provides a new way for the treatment of complex oily wastewater.

The angiogenic properties of human amniotic membrane stem cells are enhanced in gestational diabetes and associate with fetal adiposity

BackgroundAn environment of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) can modify the phenotype of stem cell populations differentially according to their placental localization, which can be useful to study the consequences for the fetus. We sought to explore the effect of intrauterine GDM exposure on the angiogenic properties of human amniotic membrane stem cells (hAMSCs).MethodsWe comprehensively characterized the angiogenic phenotype of hAMSCs isolated from 14 patients with GDM and 14 controls with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Maternal and fetal parameters were also recorded. Hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and palmitic acid were used to in vitro mimic a GDM-like pathology. Pharmacological and genetic inhibition of protein function was used to investigate the molecular pathways underlying the angiogenic properties of hAMSCs isolated from women with GDM.ResultsCapillary tube formation assays revealed that GDM-hAMSCs produced a significantly higher number of nodes (P = 0.004), junctions (P = 0.002) and meshes (P < 0.001) than equivalent NGT-hAMSCs, concomitant with an increase in the gene/protein expression of FGFR2, TGFBR1, SERPINE1 and VEGFA. These latter changes were recapitulated in NGT-hAMSCs exposed to GDM-like conditions. Inhibition of the protein product of SERPINE1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, PAI-1) suppressed the angiogenic properties of GDM-hAMSCs. Correlation analyses revealed that cord blood insulin levels in offspring strongly correlated with the number of nodes (r = 0.860; P = 0.001), junctions (r = 0.853; P = 0.002) and meshes (r = 0.816; P = 0.004) in tube formation assays. Finally, FGFR2 levels correlated positively with placental weight (r = 0.586; P = 0.028) and neonatal adiposity (r = 0.496; P = 0.014).ConclusionsGDM exposure contributes to the angiogenic abilities of hAMSCs, which are further related to increased cord blood insulin and fetal adiposity. PAI-1 emerges as a potential key player of GDM-induced angiogenesis.