Mental Aspects Research Articles

Domain Faktor Kesehatan Mental Pekerja Konstruksi

Construction industry is a labor-intensive sector that absorbs a large number of workers. Therefore, the industry must be able to pay attention to human resources which are a valuable asset. One of them is related to the mental health of construction workers. Even though the construction industry is known for its stressful environment, not much research has been conducted regarding the fulfillment of mental health aspects of construction workers, especially in Indonesia. In fact, various mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety can have an impact on the performance of construction workers and industry. This research aims to identify various factors related to mental health that influence construction workers through an integrative literature study. The results of the analysis succeeded in finding 68 factors related to mental health in the construction industry which were grouped into four domains, namely types, causes, impacts and solutions to overcome mental health disorders in the construction industry. Identification of these factors and domains is important as a means of understanding mental health aspects so that they can become a reference for stakeholders, especially the government and construction project organizations, in an effort to increase awareness on the importance of mental health in the construction work environment. In this way, the government and construction project organizations can be proactively involved in realizing the achievement of sustainable development goals, namely good health and well-being.

Does religiosity play a role in anatomy learning? Perspectives from Pasifika students at the University of Otago.

Religion is an important aspect in Pacific cultures and may influence how Pasifika students learn anatomy. Traditional constructs in Pacific cultures, such as tapu (forbidden/taboo) and sacred relationships, and/or Christian values are where spirituality is most commonly perceived among Pacific people. Although Pacific people are not homogenous, tapu is a concept that permeates all of Pacific cultures. Understanding the significance of tapu in Pacific communities will help govern relationships and interactions between male and female students/educators, as well as between the dead (e.g., body donors) and the living (e.g., students/educators). In Pacific communities, breaching tapu can lead to serious repercussions, thus strict adherence to cultural practices is important. Institutions in Aotearoa New Zealand, however, are governed by Western processes and values which are often incompatible with Pasifika worldviews and values. Pacific values, including in education, are holistic in understanding and action, and considers not only the physical but the emotional, mental, and spiritual aspects. The lack of cultural competency and responsiveness from universities continues to be a barrier for Pasifika learners. Supportive action from educators requires appreciation and understanding of Pacific values and practices. Throughout this article, we discuss Pacific perspectives on how religiosity plays a role in anatomy learning for Pasifika students. Key topics discussed here include the Bible, tapu (sacred/taboo), tulou (permission/excuse), vā tapu'ia (sacred relationship), nudity, organ donation, and perspectives on working with deceased human bodies. Given the increasing number of Pasifika students enrolled in universities across Aotearoa New Zealand, education institutions should be more culturally-responsive to Pasifika students' needs to enhance their academic success in anatomy education.

PERCEPTIONS, ATTITUDES, AND PERSPECTIVES OF VISITORS OF WELLNESS CENTERS AS A COMPONENT OF A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

The concept of wellness encompasses various dimensions of health, aiming to promote proactive and preventive behavior for overall well-being. This cross-sectional study investigated the characteristics and benefits of visiting wellness centers. A total of 186 participants (average age of 41.31±10.475, including 49 males and 137 females) in Serbia were included, and data were analyzed using the Pearson χ2 (chi-square) test and independence test. The questionnaire was distributed from 25 to 31 December 2022. Results revealed no significant associations between age, gender, education, and marital status, but monthly income showed significant differences (p=0.002). Wellness was found to positively contribute to the physical, mental, and social aspects of health. The main motivators for visiting wellness centers were relaxation, reduction of mental tension, and travel for happiness and pleasure (p=0.001). Wellness centers were identified as promoting a preventive and proactive approach to lifestyle improvement, with 97.2% of respondents acknowledging its positive impact. The pleasure of free time and the desire to escape from everyday life were crucial motivators among Serbian wellness center visitors (p=0.013). These findings highlight the role of wellness centers in promoting proactive and preventive approaches to improve physical, mental, and social well-being. The main motivators for visiting wellness centers were identified as relaxation, reduction of mental tension, and travel for happiness and pleasure, with pleasure with free time and escape from everyday life being key motivators among visitors in Serbia.

Application of the Conceptual Model of Holistic Midwifery Services to Pregnant Women in Independent Practicing Midwives in Purwakarta Regency

Holistic midwifery services are an approach that views pregnant women as complete beings, consisting of physical, mental, social and spiritual aspects. The aim of this research is to determine the application of the conceptual model of holistic midwifery services to pregnant women in independent practice midwives in Purwakarta Regency. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. The research subjects were 5 independent practicing midwives in Purwakarta Regency. Data was collected through in-depth interviews and observations. Data analysis was carried out descriptively qualitatively. The research results show that the implementation of the conceptual model of holistic midwifery services for pregnant women in independent practice midwives in Purwakarta Regency is quite good. Midwives are able to carry out holistic assessments of pregnant women, covering physical, mental, social and spiritual aspects. Midwives are also able to provide holistic midwifery care, including physical, mental, social and spiritual care.

Impaired Well-Being and Insomnia as Residuals of Resolved Medical Conditions: Survey in the Italian Population.

Well-being encompasses physical, mental, social, and cultural aspects. Sleep quality and pathologies are among the objective conditions jeopardising it. Chronic insomnia, inflammatory-based diseases, and mood disorders often occur in a single cluster, and inflammation can negatively impact sleep, potentially harming well-being. Some evidence from specific clinical populations suggests that also some resolved past diseases could still have an impact on present sleep quality and well-being. The aim of the present study is to investigate, in the general population, whether and to what degree well-being and insomnia are associated with resolved pathologies. A cross-sectional survey (IPSAD®) was carried out using anonymous postal questionnaires that investigated past and present general health, well-being, and insomnia. A total of 10,467 subjects answered the questionnaire. Several classes of both current and resolved pathologies resulted in increased odds ratios for current insomnia (odds ratios = 1.90; 1.43, respectively) and impaired well-being (odds ratios = 1.75; 1.33, respectively), proportional to the number of the displayed pathologies. Notably, both current and resolved past psychiatric disorders were strongly associated with both current impaired well-being (odds ratios = 5.38; 1.70, respectively) and insomnia (odds ratios = 4.99; 2.15, respectively). To explain these associations, we suggest that systemic inflammation conveyed by several medical conditions disrupts homeostatic processes, with final effects on sleep quality and behaviour.

A systematic review of literature on homicide followed by suicide and mental state of perpetrators.

Homicide followed by suicide is rare, devastating and perpetrated worldwide. It is commonly assumed that the perpetrator had a mental disorder, raising concomitant questions about prevention. Though events have been reported, there has been no previous systematic review of the mental health of perpetrators. Our aims were twofold. First, to identify whether there are recognisable subgroups of homicide-suicides in published literature and, secondly, to investigate the relationship between perpetrator mental state and aspects of the incident. We conducted a systematic review of published literature on studies of homicide followed within 24h by suicide or serious suicide attempt that included measures of perpetrator mental state. Sixty studies were identified, most from North America or Europe. Methodologically, studies were too heterogeneous for meta-analysis. They fell into three main groups: family, mass shooter, and terrorist with an additional small mixed group. There was evidence of mental illness in a minority of perpetrators; its absence in the remainder was only partially evidenced. There was no clear association between any specific mental illness and homicide-suicide type, although depression was most cited. Social role disjunction, motive, substance misuse and relevant risk or threat behaviours were themes identified across all groups. Pre-established ideology was relevant in the mass shooter and terrorism groups. Prior trauma history was notable in the terrorist group. Research data were necessarily collected post-incident and in most cases without a standardised approach, so findings must be interpreted cautiously. Nevertheless, they suggest at least some preventive role for mental health professionals. Those presenting to services with depression, suicidal ideation, relationship difficulties and actual, or perceived, changes in social position or role would merit detailed, supportive assessment over time.

Peserta Didik dalam Pandangan Imam Al-Ghazali

Imam Al-Ghazali believed that students have their own potential to achieve moral and spiritual perfection. The role of educators is very important and influential in helping them achieve this goal, with a focus on spiritual and moral development. This journal outlines Al-Ghazali's views on the potential of students, spiritual and moral development, and educational strategies that can be taken from the perspective of Imam Al-Ghazali. This research was conducted using a qualitative method, with analysis and literature study. Students are humans who are experiencing growth and development, especially in physical and mental aspects. Imam Al-Ghazali's perspective on students and Islamic education is still relevant and applicable in the context of modern education, which can help educators develop holistic educational strategies focused on the spiritual and moral development of students.

Psychophysical neutrality and its descendants: a brief primer for dual-aspect monism

A key ingredient of the metaphysical doctrine of dual-aspect monism is a psychophysically neutral domain, of which mental and physical aspects arise as epistemic descendants that manifest themselves by decomposition. This primer first introduces some elementary notions to define the basic concepts needed to understand the approach, such as those of states, state spaces, observables, partitions and correlations. Using these notions, the concepts of decomposition and manifestation are explained, and a differentiated view of the mereological distinction of wholes and parts is outlined. Next, a number of historical and contemporary accounts of psychophysical neutrality with philosophical (Plato, Spinoza, Schelling, Kant), scientific (Bohm, Pauli, Jung, Connes, Gibson), and artistic (sculpture, music) flavor are given as illustrative examples. Finally, correlations between the psychophysically neutral, the mental, and the physical domain of reality are discussed, in which these correlations are substantiated by meaning.

Visibility of Care Ethics in Adventist Professional Nursing Education from a Philosophical Perspective

Objective: To analyze the scientific evidence on the visibility of care ethics in the professional training of nursing from an Adventist philosophy perspective. Methodology: This study is a literature review. Information was sourced from online databases including Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL plus, MEDLINE (PubMed), Wiley, Lilacs, and Google Scholar. Selection criteria included original and review articles from 2009 to 2020. Thirty documents related to nursing philosophy and Christian philosophy were analyzed. Of these, 21 met the inclusion criteria, which highlighted the Adventist vision and worldview, the value of human life, care ethics, patient valuation, love for one's neighbor and God, who is the Creator, sustainer, and redeemer. Results: Nursing professionals who incorporate religion into their training adhere to care ethics. Adventist nursing philosophy focuses on the individual and their worldview, encompassing knowledge, logic, epistemology, action, and ethical values. Conclusions: The literature showed that the philosophy of Adventist nurses strengthens and magnifies professional practice. Adventist nursing bears witness to the practice of Christian principles and values throughout its training and professional practice, providing holistic care that covers physical, mental, social, and spiritual aspects.
 
 Received: 5 July 2023 / Accepted: 14 December 2023 / Published: 5 January 2024

Level-adaptive sound masking in the open-plan office: How does it influence noise distraction, coping, and mental health?

In the open-plan office, intelligible speech is a major distractor, reducing cognitive performance. Sound masking emits an electronic broadband sound to increase the background sound level in a controlled manner. To date, most studies on sound masking are short-term laboratory studies that do not consider aspects of mental health. The current study aims to evaluate, using a longitudinal field study with intervention (N = 42) and control (N = 41) floors at two organizations, whether level-adaptive sound masking could reduce intelligible speech and increase mental health, while being exposed to level-adaptive sound masking for two to three months. The study consists of two subjective measurements, prior- and post-intervention, using survey questions on coping strategies, noise distraction, and ten mental health indicators (short-and long-term consequences). The increase in background noise level (at company 1 from 28.7 dB(A) to 41.9 dB(A) and at company 2 from 32.4 dB(A) to 42.6 dB(A)) at both organizations significantly reduced intelligible speech distraction. Short-term mental health aspects were rated more positively, and level-adaptive sound masking also reduced the frequency with which people put on radio or headphones to cope with noise.

Technological Dystopia: Hindered Democratization of Technology in Margaret Atwoods The Heart Goes Last

Margaret Atwood constructs a chaotic and disorderly dystopian society in The Heart Goes Last, where the technology is turned into a tool for manipulation, exploitation, and objectification of people. This article attempts to analyze the undemocratic use of technology depicted in the Positron project and the obstacles it poses to the development of technological democracy from the perspective of Andrew Feenbergs critical theory of technology. The article analyzes the undemocratic technology in the book from both the physical and mental aspects, arguing that it strengthens control and surveillance over citizens bodies and manipulates their mental world, severely violating citizens human rights. Atwood portrays the social problems resulting from the obstacles to democratization of technology in the book, revealing that undemocratic use of technology brings not well-being but deeper disasters. This rings an alarm bell in the context of rapid scientific and technological development, prompting people to reflect on how to better use technology for the benefit of humanity and promote democratization of technology.

Healthcare Workers' Experiences and Challenges in Managing Gender-Based Violence Among HIV-Positive Women Living in Southern, Tanzania: A Qualitative Study.

Healthcare workers (HCW) play an important role in managing women living with HIV (WLHIV) with gender-based violence (GBV) experience, but little is known about their experience in screening and managing GBV among WLHIV. This study explored the perceptions and experience of the HCWs on screening and managing GBV cases among WLHIV. We performed a descriptive phenomenological qualitative study to elicit the views and experience of HCW on GBV screening and management for WLHIV. The study was conducted in the semi-urban setting in Morogoro Region, Tanzania. Ten in-depth interviews (IDIs) were administered to HCW selected purposefully based on their roles at an HIV care and treatment center. Data were transcribed using patterns matching study aim and then merged into relevant themes for analysis and interpretation. NVIVO software version 12 was used for data coding and analysis. We found that HCW experienced multiple challenges in GBV screening and management, including limited capacity for GBV screening and management; inadequate training on assessment and handling GBV cases, limited resources (time, GBV guidelines and screening tools), inadequate GBV referral and monitoring systems; referral forms for GBV survivors to social support centers and follow-up mechanisms to trace survivors, mental aspects; HCWs' fear of being stressed by listening to women's' GBV traumatic experiences, HCWs' fear of causing problems to the women's families and HCW biased notions on women disclosure of GBV; the believes that women will not report their GBV experiences. We identified context-specific challenges preventing HCW to deliver optimal services of GBV to WLHIV, stressing the necessity to strengthen HCW capacity and resources for GBV services and to integrate psychosocial services into HIV care. Policy and programs should be developed to support GBV screening and management for WLHIV.

Tear film ocular surface lifestyle report: Lifestyle challenges

This presentation summarizes the findings of the Lifestyle Challenges Subcommittee of the recent Workshop of the Tear Film & Ocular Surface Society, entitled “A Lifestyle Epidemic: Ocular Surface Disease.”Lifestyle includes different societal, physical and mental aspects, which have a deep impact on dry eye disease (DED).Specifically, among societal factors, the use of tobacco is robustly associated with tear film instability, cocaine reduces corneal sensitivity, alcohol promotes DED symptoms and alterations of the tear film. Among physical factors, extensive mask wear or obesity are associated with Meibomian gland alterations. Moreover, depression, anxiety‐associated or sleep disorders, and medications used for their treatment, have been linked with DED symptoms. Finally, diseases associated with chronic pain, including migraine and fybromyalgia, appear to increase the risk of DED. Further studies are needed to better dissect the role of chronic pain in different DED subtypes.

Хозяйственно-управленческая этика советских руководителей предприятий 1930–1940-х гг. По источникам личного происхождения

This article, for the first time in domestic historiography, scrutinizes the ethical principles guiding the managerial activities of directors in Russian enterprises during the 1930s and 1940s. To address this issue, a selection was made from sources of personal origin, consisting of expressions concerning the principles of managerial ethics, followed by a structured description of these principles. The study employs historical-comparative and historical-genetic methods. The significance of the economic-ethical aspect of the soviet leaders mentality allows for a fresh understanding of the genesis of the soviet elite and its role in the transformation of the socio-economic structure of the country. Furthermore, the examination of the labor ethics of soviet leaders based on personal origin sources is undertaken by the author for the first time in historiography. Additionally, the article introduces a novel approach by applying a systematic structuring method to the managerial-ethical principles of enterprise leadership. The study of managerial ethics is conducted based on personal origin sources, such as memoirs and diaries of enterprise directors. The primary portion of the source complex is extracted from the archives of the Russian State Archive of Economics (memoirs of A. L. Kozlov, A. M. Kontorshchikov, Yu. N. Kozhevnikov, and the diary of M. V. Yasvoin), the majority of which remain unpublished and minimally incorporated into scholarly discourse. The methodological foundation for studying these sources is rooted in A. Rikh's works on the understanding of economic ethics, as well as contemporary Russian historians works on new property relations in the soviet economy of the 1930s to the early 1950s. The author concludes that the fundamental ethical principles adhered to by enterprise leaders in their managerial activities consisted of an «oath» to the fundamental postulates of soviet authority and the requirements formulated by the state. The leaders deemed the principles of centralized command and personal labor participation in enterprise affairs as correct. Regarding moral norms of management, the leaders considered personal gain, nepotism, and favoritism, among other practices, as unacceptable. However, the principles of economic-labor ethics identified through published sources do not encompass the latent stratum of the soviet economic model, where deviations from certain economic-ideological norms, disregard for subordinates, «everyday» norms of managerial material support, etc., were deemed acceptable. The article concludes that a significant portion of soviet enterprise leaders in the 1930s and 1940s adhered to the proposed soviet ideological system of ethical values, striving to uphold and cultivate «socialist» ethical parameters.

Proteomic Insights into Biology of Bipolar Disorder: Implications for Health Complexity and Mortality.

The present study has the following objectives: 1) identify differentially expressed proteins and pathways in blood samples of BD compared to healthy controls by employing high-throughput proteomics and bioinformatics and 2) characterize disease-related molecular signatures through in-depth analysis of the differentially expressed proteins and pathways. Blood samples from BD patients (n=10) classified into high (BD+) or poor functioning (BD-), based on functional and cognitive status, and healthy controls (n=5) were analyzed using mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis. Bioinformatics was performed to detect biological processes, pathways, and diseases related to BD. Eight proteins exclusively characterized the molecular profile of patients with BD+ compared to HC, while 26 altered proteins were observed in the BD- group. These altered proteins were mainly enriched in biological processes related to lipid metabolism, complement system and coagulation cascade, and cardiovascular diseases; all these changes were more prominent in the BD- group. These findings may represent systemic alterations that occur with the progression of the illness and a possible link between BD and medical comorbidities. Such comprehensive understanding provides valuable insights for targeted interventions, addressing mental and physical health aspects in subjects with BD. Despite these promising findings, further research is warranted, encompassing larger sample cohorts and incorporating biological validation through molecular biology methods.

WORK PERFORMANCE AND WORK FROM HOME: THEORETICAL DEVELOPMENT

Employee job performance has been associated with management since its inception as a scientific discipline. The goal of proper management of human activity is to achieve higher job performance. In its current form, job performance is not only associated with quantity, but quality as well. From the point of view of an organization's leadership, managers or supervisors within the work environment, in the past, leading their employees to better job performance was relatively easy. With the progress of science and technology, a gradual change connected with the introduction of information and communication technology can be seen and certain types of work started to shift significantly to the home environment. This trend was greatly accelerated by the Covid-19 pandemic when, as part of interventions to prevent the spread of the virus, organisations had to react by introducing work from home wherever possible. Working from home is gradually becoming a working standard that is being used by more and more employers and employees. Many employers, also thanks to the pandemic period, have found that several kinds of costs can be saved by introducing work-from-home. On the other hand, working from home has become equally convenient for employees, bringing many advantages, but on the other hand also disadvantages, such as loss of social contact or more complicated teamwork. Of course, working from home brings other aspects, such as changing factors and the environment where work is realised, which is also connected to work performance. The aim of this paper is to identify, based on a literature review, key research themes related to work performance and working from home. To identify relevant literature, Web of Science database was selected while this research focuses on peer-reviewed publications published in English language up to April 2023. The total scope of the selected publications analysed based on the Prisma methodology is 14 research articles between 2008 and 2023. The published studies includes the following research directions: 1. Change in work performance in the context of the implementation of Covid-19 interventions, 2. Gender roles and their impact on work from home and work performance, 3. Mental and emotional aspects at home and the allocation of time for work, 4. The use of modern telecommunication technologies their impact on teamwork in the context of work from home. These 14 studies are found in several journals (n-11). The first study in the final set is from 2008. Based on a dataset taken from Web of Science (the keyword string "work performance and work from home"), a map of the keywords and the most cited authors extracted from that string was created. These maps are created using the analytical tool VOSviewer. Based on the publications analysed, the most frequently cited author was identified (Bakker A.B.) The findings of this study contribute to the literature related to work performance and working from home.

STRATEGIES TO ENHANCE THE QUALITY OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION INSTRUCTION FOR STUDENTS AT TAN TRAO UNIVERSITY

The quality of physical education (PE) instruction plays a critical role in shaping students' overall well-being and academic performance. This study explores innovative strategies to enhance the quality of PE instruction at Tan Trao University. By integrating contemporary pedagogical methods, utilizing advanced technological tools, and fostering a supportive learning environment, this research aims to identify effective approaches that can be implemented to elevate PE standards. Emphasis is placed on the holistic development of students, encompassing physical, mental, and social aspects. The findings highlight the importance of continuous professional development for instructors, student-centered teaching practices, and the incorporation of feedback mechanisms to adapt and refine instructional techniques. Ultimately, this research provides a comprehensive framework for improving PE instruction, which can serve as a model for other educational institutions striving to enhance their physical education programs.

Self-rated health and sociodemographic inequalities among Venezuelan adults: a study based on the National Survey of Living Conditions (ENCOVI 2021).

Self-rated health is an indicator that can be easily identified in health surveys, widely used to measure physical, social, mental, and health aspects of the population, and predict premature mortality. In Venezuela, this information only began to be collected recently, in the National Survey of Living Conditions (ENCOVI). In this context, our study aims to analyze the demographic and socioeconomic factors associated with non-positive self-rated health among Venezuelan adults. The ENCOVI 2021 (n = 16,803) was used as a data source, assessing a probability stratified sample with questions about health, education, emigration, and other social and economic aspects. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratio analyses were performed using Poisson regression models with robust variance. The prevalence of fair/bad self-rated health among Venezuelans was 17.8%. The results indicated a strong association between outcome prevalence and age group, 3.81 times higher (95%CI: 3.29-4.41) among individuals aged 60 or more when compared to individuals aged 18 to 29 years. Also, participants experiencing severe food insecurity had a prevalence 2 times higher (95%CI: 1.61-2.47) than those who did not have any level of food insecurity. Factors such as poverty, education, recent emigration of family members, and sex also showed a significant influence, also when analyzed independently. The results show that special attention should be dedicated to the health of individuals facing hunger and of the older people.

Spiritual health under the wartime: existential aspects.

Aim: To study the spiritual health in existential dimensions, as well as the meaning, value, and emotional components of spiritual health of Ukrainians under the wartime. Materials and Methods: The theoretical and methodological framework of the paper is represented by the works of scholars in classical existentialism, contemporary philosophers, psychologists, medical psychologists, theologians, sociologists, etc. The complex nature of the issue necessitated the use of interdisciplinary approaches, philosophical, general scientific and special sociological methods of gathering, processing and analyzing information. Results: The article analyzes the perception of spirituality and spiritual health related to mental and social aspects in the philosophy of classical existentialism and existential-humanistic psychology. The paper justifies the heuristic potential of these approaches for maintaining spiritual health of Ukrainians, which is based on holistic approaches to human beings and their spiritual frames. The article represents the results of sociological research by the Institute of Sociology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, the Scientific Research Institute of Social and Economic Development of the City, and a survey of the PhD students of the Bogomolets National Medical University (N=103) made by the authors, representing the results of statistical treatment of the spiritual health characteristics: emotional, value and meaning components. Conclusions: The study has shown that the deterioration of mental health indicators of Ukrainians during the war is not accompanied by corresponding negative trends in their spiritual health. However, further research on this issue is necessary, including studies among respondents from other age groups (faculty, staff of the Bogomolets National Medical University).

Path analysis of urinary incontinence in older adults living in nursing homes

Path analysis of urinary incontinence in older adults living in nursing homes