Medical Academy Research Articles

ALGORITHM OF A DIFFERENTIATED APPROACH TO MANAGEMENT OF PERSISTENT PULMONARY HYPERTENSION IN PREMATURE INFANTS

Introduction. Oxidative stress (OS) is recognized as a contributing factor to the development of persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPH) in premature infants. In the modern scientific literature, there is a lack of unequivocal recommendations for the management of PPH, considering the levels of OS, what determines the need for the development of a differentiated approach for management to infants with pulmonary hypertension.The aim of the study. To increase the efficacy of management of premature infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension with asphyxia and respiratory distress syndrome based on the development of the algorithm of a differentiated approach for management of pulmonary hypertension considering the levels of oxidative stress as determined by the urinary 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG).Material and methods. Were analyzed the observations of 96 infants born prematurely at gestational age of 26/1–34/6 weeks: group I consisted of 50 infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), group II - 50 infants with RDS associated with perinatal asphyxia. PPH was determined by echocardiography on the 1st and on the 3rd-5th day of life, and quantitative determination of the urinary 8-OHdG (ng/ml) was performed on 44 neonates on the 1st and in dynamics on the 3rd-5th day of life using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). For comprehensive radiographic assessment of PPH, all infants received chest X-Ray with determination of Moore's, Schwedel's, and cardiothoracic indexes (CTI).Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel 2019 software. Under the conditions of normal distribution of quantities, parametric statistical methods were used to calculate the arithmetic mean (M) and the representativeness error of the mean (m). Using Fisher`s exact test (φ) we analyzed the quantitative parameters. Using the heterogeneous sequential Wald procedure, development of diagnostic criteria was performed. The essence of the procedure is to determine both diagnostic (DC), prognostic coefficients (PC) and diagnostic informativeness (I) of the investigated indicators. The minimum informativeness of the feature required for addition to the developed algorithm was considered I ≥ 0.25.The algorithm was developed on the basis of diagnostic coefficients of clinical and anamnestic data of the examined groups of children, echocardiographic criteria for the presence and determination of the degree of PPH, the dynamics of OS levels and their comparison with the indicators of a comprehensive radiological assessment of pulmonary hypertension in prematurely born infants with RDS and perinatal asphyxia in association with RDS in gestational age of 26-34 weeks.Design of a study was discussed and approved at a session of the Ethical commission of the Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education (Prot. № 5 from 18.12.2020). All parents gave an informed consent for examination of their children.The study was carried out in accordance to the plan of the research work of the Department of Neonatology of the Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education "Study of features of the course of oxidative stress diseases in newborns" (January 2022 - December 2024), state registration number 0122U000025.Results. Has been developed an algorithm of a differentiated approach to management of premature infants with RDS and asphyxia with PPH, the essence of which - is to improve and individualize the method of mechanical lung ventilation (MLV) for each individual case.Conclusions. For prematurely born infants at gestational age 26-34 weeks, is important to determine the level of the urinary 8-OHdG on the 1st and 3rd-5th days of life to decide the severity of OS. For management of newborns with PPH, in the case of an increase of the level of 8-OHdG by the 3rd-5th day of life, is recommended to increase the ventilator parameters; in the case of a decrease - diminish the ventilation parameters or extubate an infant.

К 225 - ЛЕТИЮ ВИДНОГО ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОГО ВРАЧА ТЕРАПЕВТА КАРЛА КАРЛОВИЧА ЗЕЙДЛИЦА

Introduction. 2023 marks the 225th anniversary of the birth of Karl Karlovich Seidlitz, a prominent Russian scientist, internal medicine doctor, professor of the Medical and Surgical Academy, one of the reformers of medical education and the founder of the clinical and anatomical method in Russian medicine, the founder of the department of the Faculty academic therapeutic Clinic, a close friend and biographer of the poet V.A. Zhukovsky. Аim. Is to show the role of K.K. Seidlitz in the development of clinical medicine and education in the Russian Empire. The appeal to his memory in the jubilee year allows us to preserve the continuity of generations. Material and methods. The study uses general methodological approaches for historical and medical research. The analysis of literary sources on the history of medicine is carried out, articles and materials revealing the priority and importance of the works of K.K. Seidlitz for medical science and the history of culture of Russia are studied. Results and discussion. The contribution of K.K. Seidlitz to the fight against infectious diseases in the Russian Empire is analyzed. K.K. Seidlitz was one of the first to describe the clinic and epidemiology of leptospirosis. Having headed the therapeutic clinic of the St. Petersburg Medical and Surgical (now Military Medical) Academy, he was one of the first in Russia to introduce differential diagnostics, methods of physical research, created an outpatient clinic and a laboratory at the clinic for conducting research using microscopes discharged from Paris, introduced pathoanatomical studies of deceased patients, etc. Conclusion. In modern literature, the name of K.K. Seidlitz is primarily associated with the first detailed in modern literature, the name of K.K. Seidlitz is primarily associated with the first detailed systematized biography of the poet V.A. Zhukovsky written by him. However, K.K. Seidlitz has great merits in the field of the development of clinical medicine in Russia and its teaching, which the reader should be reminded of.

Comparative Assessment of Actual Nutrition of Preschoolers Given Uniform Approaches to Its Organization

Background: A healthy balanced diet is the basis for maintaining health at any age. Identification of causes of violations in organization of nutrition of preschoolers remains relevant, since the breach of fundamental principles of healthy eating aggravates negative trends in children’s health. Objective: To compare actual feeding of children attending two preschools using a single menu. Materials and methods: In spring–summer 2022, we carried out a comparative analysis of the diet of 99 children aged 3 to 6 years attending two kindergartens using methods of estimation and portion weighing. In total, we examined 20,700 portions and took 41,580 weight measurements. Food intake was then estimated both per child and per preschool. To establish the quality of meals served, we conducted a questionnaire-based survey of parents; the questionnaire was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the Novokuznetsk State Institute of Advanced Medical Training – Branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education (protocol No. 1 of January 14, 2020). Results: Weighing of the food set showed that actual consumption of food products differed from that specified in the menu. The diet was imbalanced. Natural food standards were met in both preschools only for cereals and legumes (95–100 %), juices and fruits (100 %). Deficit of bread ranged from 8 to 28 % of the recommended consumption rate, and that of potatoes and vegetables was 14 %. Significant differences between the weights of food products actually consumed and listed on the menu were found for vegetables, potatoes, by-products, fish, cheese, and cottage cheese. The total caloric value of the rations was 6–12 % lower while the protein content was 8 to 18 %, fat content – 7 to 16 %, and that of carbohydrates – 5 to 11 % lower than declared. Conclusions: Weighing provides more accurate data on children’s nutrient intake in preschools. Nutrition information given in the menus is overestimated by 6 to 15 % on the average. The parent survey showed that children did not eat some of the dishes from the preschool menu at home, so it was more difficult to adapt them to the proposed diet.

Continuity of Ideas and Generations. Historical Facts About the Activities of the Sheremetev Hospital (for the 100th Anniversary of the N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine)

BACKGROUND The activities of the Hospice House established by Count N.P. Sheremetev and opened on June 28, 1810, pursued a noble goal to help the suffering, sick and low-income people. However, this intention alone was not enough, and N.P. Sheremetev took care to really ensure the stable work of the Hospice House, providing for both its publicity and reliable state protection.MATERIAL AND RESEARCH METHODS Annual financial statements of the Hospice Board of Trustees for 1862–1866, 1868, 1871, 1872 and 1902 were introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. To prepare the article, archival material was used, including 6 sources, as well as rare publications dated 1859–1927. Research methods: historical-genetic, comparative-historical, problem-chronological and systemic.RESULTS The analysis of the activities of the Sheremetev hospital for 1810–1909 showed that funds were enlarged regularly with increasing amounts from its budget for the treatment of patients, which number was maximum in 1865 (1,798 people), and the lowest in 1814 (127 people).The personnel of the Sheremetev Hospital took an active part in all major military operations with the participation of Russia (the creation of sanitary detachments to provide assistance to the wounded and sick in combat areas, as well as additional beds located on the territory of the hospital itself).The Sheremetev Hospital played an important role in higher medical education in Russia, becoming the clinical base of the Moscow Medical and Surgical Academy, and later of the Faculty of Medicine of Moscow University; many of its employees were teachers of these educational institutions. The high level of teaching was also ensured by equipping the hospital with modern medical devices and the active introduction of the latest medical achievements into its work.On the initiative of chief doctor A.T. Tarasenkov, a department for incoming patients was organized as an independent structure for the first time in Russia. It provided assistance to 175–200 patients per day. The department became the prototype of a comprehensive outpatient network that was subsequently created in our country.The high prestige of the hospital was brought by the activities of its main doctors and operators, tirelessly working to improve the organizational and medical aspects of the provision of qualified medical care.The final period of the hospital’s activity (1910–1923) until the October Revolution was characterized by the greatest volume of medical work, which subsequently decreased dramatically due to financial difficulties. Since 1919, the hospital functioned as a state institution, and also became the base for the revival of the ambulance service in Moscow.CONCLUSION A review of the activities of the Sheremetev Hospital indicates that the organization of emergency medical care for the population of Moscow, pedagogic work, participation in the treatment of the wounded patients, high surgical activity and versatility were the foundation on which its work was widely developed. It is no coincidence that this particular hospital was reorganized in 1923 into the N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Acute Care (since 1944 — N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine).Economic difficulties and political storms could not destroy what was created at the Sheremetev hospital and was the moral and material basis for the further 100 years of successful activity of the institute.

Department of Pharmacology of the Imperial Medical and Surgical (Military Medical) Academy: History of the second century of existence (1899–2000)

The study presents the history of the development of the Department of Pharmacology of Medical and Surgical (since 1881 Military Medical) Academy with an emphasis on the second century of its existence (18992000). This period was marked by the improvement of both the teaching of the discipline, based on new pharmacological data, and the introduction of new methods of drug research. A significant event was the release of a two-volume edition of N.P. Kravkovs Fundamentals of Pharmacology in 19041905, which was based on the introduction of the latest achievements of scientific knowledge in the field of pharmacology. The textbook N.P. Kravkov withstood 14 editions (the last one was published in 1936, 12 years after the authors death) and served as a model for the creation of all subsequent domestic textbooks and manuals on pharmacology in the 20th century. In experimental pharmacology, the method of isolated organs (N.P. Kravkov et al.) has been widely used as a universal method for quantifying pharmacological effects. In the 1920s, ideas about the synaptic effect of drugs were actively introduced (S.V. Anichkov et al.), and the effects of N-cholinergic drugs realized through the sinocarotid zone of the carotid artery were discovered and studied. Biochemical studies began to be widely used, which started with the works of N.P. Kravkov and continued by N.V. Lazarev, V.M. Vinogradov, and A.V. Smirnov. Clinical pharmacology was created and promoted after the discovery and first use of the intravenous anesthetic hedonal (N.P. Kravkov), particularly developed in the studies by N.V. Lazarev and V.M. Vinogradov. New ideas about antihypoxants and actoprotectors were formulated (V.M. Vinogradov) to increase combat capability and was successfully used in military pharmacology at the end of the 20th century (V.M. Vinogradov and A.V. Smirnov). Therefore, with these achievements, the department has succeeded in both the academic and scientific fields.

IMPLEMENTATION OF EDUCATIONAL HUB AT IVANO-FRANKIVSK NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY'S PROFESSIONAL MEDICAL COLLEGE

The development of technologies transforms, develops, and improves old and creates new forms of human life organization, optimizing and modernizing them. Technologies also influence transformational changes in education and require the joint efforts and collective work of all educators, which necessitates updating approaches to organizing educational processes, determining the renewal of the educational space, and developing a modern educational environment characterized by technological saturation. One of the elements of the information and digital learning environment is the so-called digital (virtual) educational hub. Digital educational hubs can support any educational field, including the «Health care» sector. Learning during the pandemic and war has prompted us to create an online platform for self-education or an Education Hub based on the university website.
 The target audience of the hub includes students of the specialized medical college of Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University in the field of knowledge 22 «Health Care», specialties 223 «Nursing», 221 «Dentistry», 226 «Pharmacy»; students of the medical and dental faculties of IFNMU, and students of other medical educational institutions.
 The Educational hub consists of a homepage that provides general information about the Professional Medical College, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, the goals of the hub, and more. The next page, «Nursing» is designed for students of specialty 223 «Nursing». Virtual learning blocks have been created for students, which contain videos and algorithms for various manipulations, test tasks, materials for preparation for the Krok M exam, tactical medicine guides, and more.
 From the «Nursing» page, one can navigate to the «Dentistry» page, designed for students of specialty 221 «Dentistry» and the «Pharmacy» page, designed for students of specialty 226 «Pharmacy».
 As part of the cooperation between the professional medical college of the Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University and the Andrey Krupinsky Lviv Medical Academy before the war, various events took place. The war has had an impact on our lives...
 However, our cooperation continues. During times of unstable electricity and constant anxiety for the implementation of academic mobility, we have used the Educational Hub. In particular, professors Natalia Tsubanova, Oleksandra Palahitska, and Natalia Rudakova from the Andriy Krupinsky Lviv Medical Academy posted a series of educational materials on the Educational Hub. Associate Professor Oleksandr Bulbuk (professional medical college of the Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University) shared his educational materials on dentistry. This ensured free access and the establishment of organized learning opportunities, allowing all interested students from both educational institutions to participate in the educational process regardless of their location and time.
 The Educational Hub of the Professional Medical College of Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University is an element of the information and digital learning environment that modernizes and enhances it, providing the development of the educational process in the field of "Healthcare". Additionally, this educational platform enables academic mobility for all participants of the educational process.

The baronet’s nephew Willie: materials from the collection of the library of the Military Medical Academy

The purpose of the article is to introduce into scientific circulation little-known handwritten materials from the library of the Military Medical Academy, containing additions to the facts of the biography, personal characteristics and close circle of the President of the Medical-Surgical Academy, the life physician of the three emperors, Baronet Yakov Vasilyevich Willie. The article presents the historical details of the transfer of the personal archive of the Willie and Ruhl families to the library of the Military Medical Academy by a descendant of famous doctors, a talented artist Mikhail Yakovlevich Willie. Fragments of the correspondence of Willies nephew the full namesake and also the life physician Yakov Vasilyevich Willie Jr. (or 2nd) with Scottish relatives and friends are given, in which, in particular, the features of medical education in Russia at the beginning of the 19th century are revealed. Handwritten in English in an illegible handwriting, the letters of young Willie lay in the manuscript fund for almost 100 years before, thanks to the efforts of the bibliographer Galina Mikhailovna Roslik, they were attracted to the attention of specialists who could read and translate them. The article also describes the details of the career and personal fate of the Scottish doctor Ya.V. Willie II in the Russian service, under Grand Duke Mikhail Pavlovich. The topic of the unprecedented testament of Baronet Willie on the transfer of the entire inheritance for the construction of a civil hospital in memory of Grand Duke Mikhail Pavlovich is touched upon.

Clinical application of neodymium magnetic instruments for the removal of foreign bodies in blind wounds

A feature of modern military conflicts is the high frequency of shrapnel wounds. The search for foreign bodies, even under X-ray navigation, can be technically difficult, lengthy and not always successful. Most injuring objects have ferromagnetic properties.
 AIM: The Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg purpose of the study: to evaluate the effectiveness of removing ferromagnetic foreign bodies from blind wounds using neodymium magnetic instruments.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: Instruments based on a neodymium magnet for removing foreign bodies and a technique for their use have been developed. An analysis was made of 45 operations where traditional instruments were used and 75 operations using original magnetic instruments. Of these, in 40 cases of blind wounds, foreign bodies were removed from the soft tissues of various areas, and in 35 cases, foreign bodies were removed during videothoracoscopy operations for blind penetrating chest wounds. The criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of the method were the duration of the operation, the duration of work with the X-ray unit and the number of detected and removed foreign bodies in a fixed period of time.
 CONCLUSION: High efficiency, simplicity, accessibility, minimally invasiveness of the developed instruments have been proven. Neodymium magnets made it possible to reduce the time of radiation exposure and the duration of the operation, to increase the efficiency of removing ferromagnetic foreign bodies. The use of original instruments makes it possible to detect 80% of foreign bodies in 10 minutes, and within 30 minutes to remove 90% of foreign bodies from the soft tissues of the wounded. With videothoracoscopy, the time of fluoroscopy was halved, and the total duration of the surgical intervention was reduced by 40%.

The effect of equipment on the functional state and performance of servicemen with different body composition

BACKGROUND: The development of an individual approach to planning the mass of equipment for each individual serviceman, taking into account the indicators of the component composition of the body and the preferences of servicemen, can in the future increase the level of effectiveness of combat operations by the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
 AIM: Determine the effect of the mass of equipment on the functional state and performance of military personnel, depending on the indicators of the component composition of the body.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on 140 volunteers, practically healthy male cadets of the Military Medical Academy aged 21 to 25 years. After bioimpedancemetry, all subjects were divided into two groups depending on the values of their fat mass. Next, the influence of equipment on the functional state of the body of cadets was determined using a step test.
 RESULTS: The presence of a predominantly moderate positive correlation between the absolute, relative values of fat mass, BMI values and indicators of total power during the tests performed under the conditions of the work performed at loads of 0.5 (R-criterion values were 0.5740.693) and 1 W/kg (R-criterion values were 0.6240.681) without equipment. A similar correlation was found between the absolute, relative values of fat mass and indicators of total power during the test with a load of 1 W/kg (R-criterion values were 0.5340.547) in equipment.
 CONCLUSION: The obtained results suggest that the increase in weight load caused by equipment in individuals with a fat mass of more than 11 kg, both at rest and under conditions of moderate physical activity with a power of 1 W/kg, to a greater extent causes stress on functional systems, expressed in changes in most cardiorespiratory and metabolic parameters, compared with individuals with a lower fat mass.

The organization of medical equipment provision to the armed forces of the russian federation in the first decade of the 21st century

ABSTRACT. This article presents the activities of the medical service in organizing the provision of medical equipment to the troops (forces) of the Russian Federation in the first decade of the 21st century. It reflects the main stages of development of the pharmaceutical industry in the post-default state of the economy and the emergence of new mechanisms and forms of interaction with transnational pharmaceutical companies. The article showcases the positive features and shortcomings of implementing programs for additional drug provision and ensuring the population has access to necessary drugs. Additionally, it discusses the reorganization of the medical service of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation as part of a large-scale reform of the military organization. The organizational and staffing changes in the military administration of the medical service, pharmaceutical organizations of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, and medical supply units are represented, highlighting their reorganization and restructuring by the end of the 2000s during the ongoing modernization of the Russian Federation Armed Forces. The article also describes the three-level system of medical supply of troops (forces) that developed after modernization. The leading role of the Department of Military Medical Supply and Pharmacy of the Kirov Military Medical Aca demy and the Center for Pharmacy and Medical Equipment in updating the regulatory legal framework for the medical supply system for troops (forces) is discussed. Their activities of these entities during the modernization of the medical supply system for troops (forces) to create key regulatory legal acts such as orders and directives of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation and official documents as part of research work are disclosed. Finally, the article provides a list of normative legal acts and service documents developed during this period, which regulate various aspects of activities related to providing military equipment to the troops (forces) and have been updated and harmonized with the legislation of the Russian Federation, is given.

Remembering Alexander Ivanovich Panyushkin: the first neurosurgeon at the Lenringad Road Hospital, successor of the neurosurgical school of the Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov

ABSTRACT. This article focuses on the life and professional achievements of Alexander Ivanovich Panyushkin (19332022), who served as the first neurosurgeon at the Oktyabrskaya Railway Road Hospital and later became its chief physician from 1974 to 1999. Panyushkin obtained his neurosurgical specialization at the Department of Neurosurgery of the Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov, studying under renowned academic neurosurgeons such as V.A. Shustin, V.A. Grebenyuk, and B.A. Samotokin. In the 1960s, Panyushkin studied under renowned academic neurosurgeons such as Associate Professor V.A. Shustin (a specialist in treating discogenic radiculitis), Professor V.A. Grebenyuk, and Professor B.A. Samotokin (head of the department) and other figures and doctors of the academy. The article highlights the establishment of the neurosurgical department of the Road Hospital, which served as the base of the Department of Neuro surgery of the Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov, as well as the close relationship between the hospital and the academy for many years. It also explores Panyushkins significant contributions to the diagnosis and surgical treatment of discogenic lumbosacral radiculomyeloishemia, as reflected in his well-known monographs. The article provides insights into Panyushkins remarkable career journey from a young surgeon to the head physician of a renowned spinal neurosurgical department in Leningrad. Under Panyushkins leadership, the hospital witnessed substantial development, including the construction and equipping of new buildings between 1976 and 1985, where the main capacities of the hospital are concentrated today. The authors draw on Panyushkins memoir to shed light on the history of the Road Hospital, its doctors from different generations, and the experiences of Soviet medicine during the 1960s to 1990s. The authors of this article constantly refer to the materials of this book, which may be useful to clinicians as well as those who are interested in the history of domestic medicine.

Experience with augmented reality technology in the surgical treatment of a patient with encapsulated metal foreign bodies of lower extremities

ABSTRACT. This paper presents the experience of using augmented reality (AR) technology in the surgical treatment of a patient with encapsulated foreign bodies in the lower extremities. The study aims to test a previously developed algorithm for implementing AR technology in surgery and assess its effectiveness in treating patients with encapsulated foreign bodies. The study was conducted by a multidisciplinary team, comprising the Department of Naval Surgery of the S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy and the Technical University named after Peter the Great. The medical and technical aspects involved an AR hardware and software package, including a personal computer and Microsoft Hololens II AR glasses. An invasive fixation system was also developed, incorporating a threaded pin used as an X-ray contrast mark with a seat for attaching special markers. The clinical part of the study involved observing and subsequently removing encapsulated foreign bodies in a patient who received inpatient treatment at the clinic of the Department of Naval Surgery in October 2022. Overall, AR technology demonstrated the potential for performing minimally invasive removal of encapsulated foreign bodies in limbs. The detailed visualization provided by AR allowed for determining optimal operative access, the volume of the upcoming operation, and the exact position, skeletotopy, and syntopia of the foreign body during the preoperative stage. Consequently, various intervention options could be digitally simulated. The use of AR technology facilitated intraoperative navigation, enhancing the safety and efficiency of the operation. Thus, AR technology has proven to be a minimally invasive, safe, and effective tool in surgical treatment. However, several unresolved issues require further research.

Dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the birth of professor Valentina Trofimovna Selezneva

The article is devoted to the 100th anniversary of the birth of Selezneva Valentina Trofimovna Doctor of Medical Sciences, professor, teacher, public health organizer, public figure, historian of medicine, Head of the Department of Social Hygiene and Organization of Public Healthcare of the Medicopreventive Faculty of Perm State Medical Academy. In 1947, she graduated with honors from the Sanitary-Hygienic Faculty of Molotov Medical Institute, in 1950 from the postgraduate courses. All her life was connected with Perm Medical Institute. Valentina Trofimovna paid a great attention to students' scientific society. Together with her colleagues, she founded the school "Young Organizer of Healthcare," where from 20 to 30 students were trained every year. Valentina Trofimovna was an active public figure four times she was elected the deputy of the city of Perm in Leninsky District Council; she was the Chairman of the permanent commission on health care and social security. Valentina Trofimovna was interested in the history of medicine in the region. Books on the history and development of Perm Medical University, "From the Medical Faculty to the Medical Academy" and "Essays on the History of Medicine in Perm Province" were published under the guidance of V.T. Selezneva. Under her supervision, nine Ph.D theses, including those on history of medicine were prepared. V.T. Selezneva was awarded the orders, medals and honorary diplomas for her truly selfless work. The article also presents an interview with colleagues, students and postgraduate students, reflecting the memories of Valentina Trofimovna Selezneva as a person and a teacher.

A colossus of Perm endocrinology: dedicated to the 90th anniversary of the birth of professor I.V. Tereshchenko

Irina Vladimirovna Tereshchenko is a Doctor of Medical Sciences, an Honoured Professor of Academician E.A. Vagner Perm State Medical University, Correspondent Member of the Russian Academy of Natural Science, founder of Perm School of Endocrinology. More than 60 years of her life, she devoted to medicine including 47 of them to Perm Medical University. Irina Vladimirovna is a remarkable person, doctor, scientist, researcher and a talented teacher, founder of Perm School of Endocrinology. Having graduated from school with a silver medal, she entered the Medical Faculty of Nizhny Novgorod Medical Institute. Since that time, medicine became her fate. After graduating from medical institute, Irina Vladimirovna worked as a therapeutist at the hospitals and polyclinics of the city of Gorky and in 1960 began to work in the Unit of Endocrinology of Gorky Regional Hospital. In 1968 Irina Vladimirovna defended her candidate thesis, and in 1987 doctoral thesis. Both theses concerned the issue of pubertal dispituitarism. The etiology, pathogenesis, clinical picture, treatment and prevention of this disease were studied in details and the developed method of bitemporal inductothermy is very effictive. In 1970, Irina Vladimirovna came to Perm and began to work as an Assistant and since 1974 an Associate Professor at the Department of Hospital Therapy of Perm Medical Institute. From 1976 to 1988, she worked at the Department of Hospital Therapy № 2 and then she headed the Department of Therapy of Medicoprophylactic Faculty. Afterwards, Irina Vladimirovna worked at the Department of Endocrinology and Clinical Pharmacology of Perm Medical Academy. Irina Vladimirovna is the author of 4 monographs and more than 550 papers. Professor Tereshchenko is a Correspondent Member of the Russian Academy of Natural Science. All her scientific works greatly contribute to theoretical and practical endocrinology.

Nikolai Vladimirovich Pleshkov — an undeservedly forgotten Crimean doctor (on the 200th anniversary of his birth)

2023 will mark the 200th anniversary of birth of Nikolai Vladimirovich Pleshkov, who made a significant contribution to the development of the medical traditions of Taurida gubernia. There are no report devoted to his life in modern scientific literature. This article is based on the work with archival collections and pre-revolutionary literary sources. A former orphan, Pleshkov was able to receive a decent education due to his outstanding education, learned several foreign languages, and was well versed in local history, science, culture, literature, philosophy and religion; he was the author of many reports on religious and philosophical topics. In addition, he was actively involved in public life of Simferopol. He was one of the co-founders and for many years — chairman of Simferopol Doctors’ Society. During the Crimea war, the doctor worked under 
 N.I. Pirogov. Among other things, Pleshkov is an author of the first Russian translation of Pascal’s work “Pensees”. Nowadays the former hospital building where N.V. Pleshkov worked houses the chair of Human Anatomy 
 of the Institute “Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky”. The facts of his biography, reconstructed 
 in this article, allow not only to take a new look at the history of the development of health care in Taurida gubernia in the XIX century, but also to form the sense of continuity of passion among medical students.

Актуальные проблемы и вопросы эндокринной хирургии: по материалам первого пленума Ассоциации эндокринных хирургов, состоявшегося в Удмуртской Республике

Endocrine surgery is not yet in the register of medical specialties, although there is already a group of surgeons specializing in this treatment of thyroid diseases. In May of this year, Izhevsk hosted the first plenum of the Board of the Association of Endocrine Surgeons, dedicated to the 90th anniversary of the Izhevsk State Medical Academy. In his welcoming speech, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Faculty Therapy with courses in Endocrinology and Hematology, Rector of the Izhevsk State Medical Academy Alexey SHKLYAEV called the plenum a landmark event that will definitely be useful to the surgical service of the republic. Surgeons and scientists from all regions of Russia took part in the event

BASIC PRINCIPLES OF CONSTRUCTION OF MODULAR HARDWARE COMPLEXES FOR LED THERAPY

The industrial production of powerful light-emitting diodes has led to the appearance of devices for therapeutic purposes, where such diodes are used as sources of electromagnetic radiation in the optical range. The development and production of such devices was established in the city of Kharkiv with the participation of scientists and specialists of Kharkiv National University named after V.M. Karazin and National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute". Methods of using devices and hardware complexes in medical practice were created at the Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education. The article analyzes the main principles of building modular hardware complexes for LED therapy, defines structures and options for connecting modules. As a result of the work performed, it was established that the modular implementation of hardware complexes for LED therapy has five main options, which differ in the number and types of emitters connected to the control unit, in the connection scheme of photon emitters, and in their functionality. It was also noted that the modular principle of building hardware complexes for LED therapy makes it quite easy to carry out their modernization and form the necessary configuration of the irradiating system, that is, to significantly expand the functional capabilities of the complex for carrying out phototherapy treatment procedures with the greatest efficiency. The expediency of using microprocessor technology for the implementation of the information part of the control unit of the complex is shown. This makes it possible to ensure the operation of photon emitters in continuous, pulsed and scanning modes, as well as separate operation of the emitters of the irradiation system of the complex and irradiation of the patient in biosynchronization mode.

Military Doctors are Members of the Scientific Council of the Russian Academy of Sciences for Radiobiology

From the moment of its creation in 1962 to the present, the Scientific Council of the Russian Academy of Sciences for Radiobiology (originally the Scientific Council at the USSR Academy of Sciences on the complex problem “Radiobiology”) has paid great attention to the damaging effects of radiation and medical radiation protection. Already the first composition of the Council included scientists who received significant experience in the field of radiobiology during active military service in educational, scientific and clinical institutions of the USSR Ministry of Defense – T.K. Dzharakyan, P.G. Zherebchenko, G.A. Zedgenidze, A.S. Mozzhukhin, V.P. Paribok. The first chairman of the Bureau of the Council was the outstanding Soviet radiobiologist A.V. Lebedinsky, who previously led radiobiological research at the Kirov Military Medical Academy. Over the years, the Council included current and retired military doctors – I.G. Akoev, E.A. Zherbin, V.I. Legeza, A.N. Grebenyuk. The Deputy Chairman of the Council, President of the Radiobiological Society of the Russian Academy of Sciences is currently I.B. Ushakov, who for a long time headed scientific institutions specialized for military radiobiology – the State Research Test Institute of Aviation and Space Medicine of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and the State Research Test Institute of Mi-litary Medicine of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. Throughout the existence of the Council, military doctors took an active part in its work, formed and supervised relevant research in the field of military radiobiology and medical radiation protection.

Микробиоценоз кожи у военнослужащих с абсцедирующим фурункулом челюстно-лицевой области

INTRODUCTION: Among non-odontogenic inflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial region, most common are abscessed furuncles. The causative agent of the disease is S. aureus (95%) mostly occurring as a monoculture. AIM: To study the microbial flora of facial skin in military personnel with abscessed furuncle of the maxillofacial region. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 53 patients with abscessed facial furuncles (the main group) aged from 18 to 25 years, material was taken for bacteriological examination from healthy areas of the skin and from the furuncle with a sterile cotton swab. As a comparison group, a group of 30 practically healthy individuals of the same age was recruited, who also underwent a microbiological examination of facial skin areas. Examinations were performed in the bacteriological laboratory of Kirov Military Medical Academy. RESULTS: Among the representatives of the microflora of healthy skin areas in patients with abscessed furuncles of the face, S. epidermidis was detected in 58% of cases, S. saprophyticus in 33%, S. haemoliticus in 10%. In 30% of admitted patients, Propionibacterium acnes were found. In 4% of cases, S. aureus was detected by us. Fungi of the genus Candida were found in 5% of patients. The microbial composition of the wound discharge in facial furunculosis in 87% of cases was represented by pathogenic S. aureus as a monoculture, in 4% in association with S. saprophyiticus, in 3% with Pseudomonas aeruginoza, in 1% in association with Klebsiella oxytoca, in 5% by S. epidermidis as a monoculture. The species composition of the microflora of the facial skin of healthy people was represented by non-pathogenic staphylococci S. epidermidis (88.1%), S. saprophyticus (40%). In 25.3% of cases, streptococci were also detected. In 10% of cases, yeast-like fungi of Malassezia genus and in 12% of Candida genus were found. In 4% of cases, the pathogenic form of S. aureus was identified. CONCLUSION: The revealed differences in the composition of microorganisms of healthy skin areas between healthy individuals and patients with abscessed facial furuncles permitted to suggest the presence of dysbacteriosis of skin of the maxillofacial region in patients with abscessed furuncles, which led to the development of the disease.

Характеристика психоэмоционального состояния пациентов, нуждающихся в пластических операциях

The results of psychoemotional state assessment of patients who consulted a plastic surgeon con-cerning aesthetic operations in the maxillofacial region (MF) (ear, nose, blepharoplasty, facelift, etc.) are presented. The work evaluated their personality characteristics, which influence the deci-sion-making for aesthetic operation. The aim of the research is to identify the characteristics of psychoemotional tension in patients who applied to a plastic surgeon for aesthetic operations. Materials and methods. 145 patients who consulted a plastic surgeon for aesthetic surgery of the face and neck were surveyed. The research was done at Chita State Medical Academy Clinic of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Results. The article presents the data concerning the peculiarities of such patients' appearance perception, estimation and pretensions level. The main directions of their psychological support before the aesthetic surgery with the purpose of increasing the efficiency of the performed cos-metic intervention are considered. Meanwhile, inflammatory and oncological diseases of the face cause the highest situational and personal anxiety, while the general level of anxiety is the lowest among the patients dissatisfied with their appearance. At the same time, a close connection of emotional, characterological and behavioral reactions with a person's appearance caused by con-genital and acquired facial defects and deformations was determined. Discussion. Dominance, self neglet, and friendliness predominate in personality traits, and the level of situational and personality anxiety is defined as average, which predetermines to refer such patients to the risk group. However, at the same time, psychopathological disorders (dys-morphomanic syndrome, neurosis-like disorders, and psychopathies) were found to be signifi-cantly rare in the examined individuals. In such situations, dysmorphophobia should be excluded, the likelihood of which increases in individuals who claim to have surgery in atypical areas, re-peated surgical interventions, etc. Conclusion. This research determined that the risk factors for developing a mental disorder for aesthetic surgery patients are: more often female sex, lack of marital relationships, chronic psy-chotraumatic situation, long-term and ineffective surgical treatment, psychiatric disorders in the past, low level of meaningfulness in life, etc. It was established that most of the patients applied for elimination of cosmetic defects by clinical and aesthetical causes. In this regard, the participa-tion of a psychologist and psychiatrist is essential in deciding the appropriateness of cosmetic surgery as well as in conducting psychotherapeutic preparation of patients for surgery. Keywords: aesthetic surgery, situational and personality anxiety, psychoemotional state, maxillo-facial area, psychological support.