Характеристика психоэмоционального состояния пациентов, нуждающихся в пластических операциях

Abstract

The results of psychoemotional state assessment of patients who consulted a plastic surgeon con-cerning aesthetic operations in the maxillofacial region (MF) (ear, nose, blepharoplasty, facelift, etc.) are presented. The work evaluated their personality characteristics, which influence the deci-sion-making for aesthetic operation. The aim of the research is to identify the characteristics of psychoemotional tension in patients who applied to a plastic surgeon for aesthetic operations. Materials and methods. 145 patients who consulted a plastic surgeon for aesthetic surgery of the face and neck were surveyed. The research was done at Chita State Medical Academy Clinic of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Results. The article presents the data concerning the peculiarities of such patients' appearance perception, estimation and pretensions level. The main directions of their psychological support before the aesthetic surgery with the purpose of increasing the efficiency of the performed cos-metic intervention are considered. Meanwhile, inflammatory and oncological diseases of the face cause the highest situational and personal anxiety, while the general level of anxiety is the lowest among the patients dissatisfied with their appearance. At the same time, a close connection of emotional, characterological and behavioral reactions with a person's appearance caused by con-genital and acquired facial defects and deformations was determined. Discussion. Dominance, self neglet, and friendliness predominate in personality traits, and the level of situational and personality anxiety is defined as average, which predetermines to refer such patients to the risk group. However, at the same time, psychopathological disorders (dys-morphomanic syndrome, neurosis-like disorders, and psychopathies) were found to be signifi-cantly rare in the examined individuals. In such situations, dysmorphophobia should be excluded, the likelihood of which increases in individuals who claim to have surgery in atypical areas, re-peated surgical interventions, etc. Conclusion. This research determined that the risk factors for developing a mental disorder for aesthetic surgery patients are: more often female sex, lack of marital relationships, chronic psy-chotraumatic situation, long-term and ineffective surgical treatment, psychiatric disorders in the past, low level of meaningfulness in life, etc. It was established that most of the patients applied for elimination of cosmetic defects by clinical and aesthetical causes. In this regard, the participa-tion of a psychologist and psychiatrist is essential in deciding the appropriateness of cosmetic surgery as well as in conducting psychotherapeutic preparation of patients for surgery. Keywords: aesthetic surgery, situational and personality anxiety, psychoemotional state, maxillo-facial area, psychological support.