Meaningful Statement Research Articles

Drawing a Demarcation Line between Two Overlapping Colloquial Elements

The overlap between idioms and clichés is one of the problematic meaning issues. This overlap can simply be detected in online as well as academic sources. The existence of the overlap between idioms and clichés springs from the absence of a model that can work out some demarcation boundary between them. The present study aims at drawing a demarcation line between these two essential colloquial elements by resorting to linguistic features, contextual functions, nature of community of practice based on interlocutors’ relationship, and the degree of informality to fulfill this purpose. This study makes use of a qualitative approach to carry out the process of analysis based on a model designed to assist the procedures of determining the features of each element. With reference to data, the analysed idioms and clichés have been extracted from 20 discourses (10 written texts and 10 recorded interactions) of 10 different topics. The most significant concluding points come in three angles: structure (an idiom is mostly a part of a meaningful statement, whereas a cliché is mostly a full meaningful statement by itself); function (idioms are usually used for three different purposes: emphasis, creativity, and persuasiveness, whereas clichés are used either to simplify the idea or to state an idea without exerting any effort by making use of overused statements and common ritualized expressions); and formality ( Idioms are detected in less informal discourses compared to clichés).

Determination of unknown parameters of a piecewise linear risk function by the method of mixed estimation

Subject of study: the problem of determining the parameters of a piecewise linear risk function.
 The purpose of the study: apply the apparatus of linear-Boolean programming to solve this problem.
 Methods and objects of research the object of the study is the formalization of a meaningful statement of the problem of minimizing the risk of undesirable consequences of the functioning of the analyzed system, the methods are regression analysis and the apparatus of mathematical programming.
 The main results of the study an approach to determining estimates of the parameters of a piecewise linear risk function by using the mixed estimation method is described, which allows us to reduce this problem to a problem of linear Boolean programming. Numerical example solved.

Qualitative analysis of barriers to precision oncology within the VHA.

e18760 Background: Rapidly expanding knowledge of molecular drivers of cancer helps facilitate effective, targeted cancer therapy (i.e. precision oncology), but research suggests that precision oncology is underused. We conducted a qualitative study of barriers and facilitators of precision oncology use within the Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Methods: We conducted a pragmatic qualitative study involving semi-structured interviews with both patients and providers at VA medical centers with low, medium, and high guideline concordant molecular testing. The interview guide was constructed by a multidisciplinary team of oncologists, qualitative health researchers and patient representatives using modified grounded theory (MGT) and the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). Summative and directed content analyses were conducted. Codes for the directed content analysis came from the framework and others evolved iteratively. Consensus-based approaches finalized the codebook. Results: Thirty-three interviews were conducted (17 patient and 16 provider interviews). A total of 1889 unique phrases were identified and categorized into 255 meaningful statement codes. The codes were mapped to 10 TDF domains. The most frequently cited determinants, representing 59% (1110 of 1889 statements) of all coded data, included the domains environmental context and resources, knowledge, and goals. Both patients and providers shared similar goals of improved outcomes and quality of care, but systems barriers were frequently cited impediments to precision oncology use. An additional 27% of codes (510 of 1889) represented the TDF domains of emotions (predominantly patient “fear of genetics” and confidence in providers), memory/attention (task priority in clinic visits), and interpersonal skills (both patient-provider, and interdisciplinary provider-provider). Additional frequently cited determinants, each comprising 6% of coded statements, included social influences (for both providers and patients) and reinforcement (perceived consequences). Conclusions: We identified determinants of precision oncology use at the patient, provider, and system level. Attempts to improve implementation of precision oncology will need to address systems barriers to care, as well as knowledge and patient-provider interactions, but can build on a foundation of shared goals.

TRADITIONAL AND NON-TRADITIONAL METHODS IN BUSINESS EDUCATION

The work deals with organizational and methodical issues of using traditional and nontraditional methods in business education. The presented is classification of non-traditional teaching methods, is emphasized the relativity of the concepts "traditional method" and "non-traditional method". Is noteds, that the main factors affecting the choice of non-traditional methods and approaches today are the introduction of a competence approach in business education and the transition to a mixed (full-time – distance) form of education, caused by the disruption of the established organization of the educational process due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the spread armed conflicts (wars). 
 It is emphasized that the formation of non-traditional methods and forms of the educational process is due to the desire to overcome certain limitations of traditional methods, to increase the interest of those seeking education in individual subjects and the learning process as a whole. The most effective non-traditional methods in business education include methods based on the use of computer and information – communication technologies, distance learning, a competence approach and differentiation of education. 
 Is particularly effective in the process of applied mathematics training of applicants of higher economic education of the first (bachelor) level, it the technological approach combined with the professionalization of educational tasks. The implementation of the approach involves the study of the technology for solving typical (professional or quasiprofessional) task, including a meaningful statement of the problem; construction of a logical and (or) mathematical model; mastering the method of implementing the model using publicly available software tools; interpretation of the obtained results. This is an example of a quasiprofessional task. 
 Traditional and non-traditional methods in business education should not be seen as antagonistic methods. Modern educational methods should be built on the basis of a combination of traditional and non-traditional methods and approaches in proportions that depend on the specific discipline and type of educational work. Each teacher should choose exactly those methods that most correspond to his discipline and teaching style, the way of communicating with the audience, the composition of the specific audience, the available resources, etc. The work presents an example of a combination of traditional and non-traditional methods when studying the discipline "Optimization methods and models".

Mathematical modeling and control the process of fuel combustion in gas combustion furnaces

In this manuscript, the results of mathematical modeling and control of the fuel combustion process in gas-burning furnaces are presented. The physical principles of constructing a primary measuring transducer for the selective measurement of the concentration of harmful substances (CO) and (CnHm) in exhaust gas mixtures are substantiated based on the spectrophotometric method of measurement in the absorption bands of the IR range, which ensures selectivity in determining the target parameters. An original combined optical scheme of a three-component (hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and dioxide) gas analyzer based on the infrared measurement method has been developed. A meaningful statement is made and a solution is given to the problems of automatic control of the efficiency of the fuel combustion process as an extremal problem of maximum speed. The efficiency of the system functioning is characterized by the amount of losses caused by the search for the optimum of the statistical characteristics of the dynamic object under study. A comparative analysis of methods for solving problems of extreme control by "increment" and by "second difference" indicates that the performance and quality of regulation is not inferior to the well-known traditional systems for controlling the efficiency of fuel combustion in gas-burning furnaces.

The impact of local muscle fatigue and foot strike techniques on kinematic features and plantar pressure distribution while walking

Although numerous studies have been performed, there are no clear findings providing a meaningful statement about how foot strike changes as a result of muscular fatigue. In studies on running fatigue, it is not possible to differentiate which kinematic or kinetic changes are a direct result of local muscle fatigue and varied speeds. This study aimed to investigate the effect of foot strike technique and localized muscle fatigue of the plantar and dorsal flexors on plantar pressure distribution and selected kinematic features of treadmill running. Twenty-six voluntary forefoot and rearfoot runners of similar age and body mass participated in the study. Each group completed two tests with a time interval of 3-7 days. The kinematic data was measured with the help of a three-dimensional measuring and analysis system while the volunteers ran on the treadmill. The fatigue protocol included an isometric maximal force test and an isokinetic endurance test. In order to check the differences, a variance analysis with repeated measurements was used. The strength values of the two groups of runners showed significant average differences in the plantar flexors in the endurance test and in the fatigue index for both the left and right legs. The results of the strength values are surprising because the plantar flexors of this group of runners should be well-trained due to the forefoot strike during regular running. In response to fatigue, the pressure maxima decreased under the exposed foot regions, i.e. under the forefoot at forefoot strike and under the heel at rearfoot strike. The two groups of runners differed in foot angle at foot-on with higher values measured in the forefoot runners. The larger foot angle of the forefoot runners improved shock absorption and can thus reduce the risk of injury.

Recruitment, Admissions, Hiring, Retention, and Promotion: Mechanisms of Diversity, Equity, Inclusion (DEI) and Belonging in Higher Education

This panel session is for anyone in human factors and ergonomics (HFE) or related disciplines interested in recruiting, hiring, admitting, retaining, and promoting people within organizations from the perspective of pursuing authentic diversity. Applicants and hiring managers may also gain insight on what makes a meaningful diversity statement, a trending requirement in many degree programs and job applications. Although the panelists featured are from higher education, we welcome hearing from audience members in other industries (e.g., corporate, military, and consulting). Panelists will focus on our experiences crafting admissions or hiring criteria, recruiting and retaining Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES) members, and evaluating the contributions of people in our field that go beyond the traditional bounds of science and engineering yet are central to the future of our profession. The goal of this panel is to foster community and discussion across people and organizations working to improve diversity, equity, inclusion, (DEI) and belonging in HFE.

Teori Tindak Tutur dalam Studi Pragmatik

This article explains the theory of speech acts proposed by John L. Austin and his student John R. Searle. Speech act theory is a sub-field of pragmatics. This field of study deals with the ways in which words can be used not only to present information but also to carry out actions. This theory considers three levels or components of speech: locutionary acts (the making of a meaningful statement, saying something that a hearer understands), illocutionary acts (saying something with a purpose, such as to inform), and perlocutionary acts (saying something that causes someone to act). Many view speech acts as the central units of communication, with phonological, morphological, syntactic, and semantic properties of an utterance serving as ways of identifying the meaning of a speaker’s utterance or illocutionary force. There are five types of Illocutionary points according to Searle: declarations, assertives, expressives, directives, and commissives (1979:viii). A speech act, in order to be successful, needs to be performed along with certain types of conditions. These conditions were categorized by the linguist John Searle, who introduced the term felicity conditions: propositional content condition, preparatory condition, sincerity condition, and essential condition.

Mathematical model of a communication channel with an unmanned aerial vehicle

In this paper, a mathematical model of a communication channel with an unmanned aerial vehicle and taking into account the specifics of the locations of a ground communication point when determining the effects of refraction, diffraction and interference of electromagnetic waves is proposed. A meaningful statement of the problem based on the mathematical relationship between the energy parameters of the first transmission equation and the quality indicators (BER) of the second transmission equation has been formed. The main features of calculating the parameters of the first equation are to determine the rules for calculating the level of attenuation due to the influence of the earths surface. The calculation of attenuations for cases of removal of an unmanned aerial vehicle from a ground communication point within the areas of line of sight, partial shade and shadow has been clarified. The second transmission equation is based on the mathematical model of the Rice communication channel. With respect to the energy parameters and the selected communication quality indicator for the formed mathematical model, examples of graphical dependencies are given in the study of typical computational problems. With respect to the energy parameters and the selected communication quality indicator for the formed mathematical model, examples of graphical dependencies in the study of typical computational problems are given.

The Spanish War as Dress Rehearsal for Paul Robeson’s Political Song

During the time Paul Robeson lived in Britain he became a global star: a singer, film and stage actor, and in due course a political activist. It is to this time that scholars attribute his political awakening, which entailed, a broadening of his outlook to encompass an internationalist perspective. The Spanish Civil War galvanized the singer to action. His involvement in the war, which included regular appearances at rallies in Britain and singing to the troops in Spain in early 1938, was, by the singer’s own estimation, a turning point in his life, and a catalyst for the singer’s turn to activism. The claim I make is that Robeson’s internationalist politics was not only expressed in song but emerged through it. I identify several strands to Robeson’s musical internationalism, showing how the field of war provided a platform for the song strands to coalesce into a meaningful statement.

The problem of choosing a strategy for diversification of a construction enterprise

The actvity of a constructon company, in partcular in terms of diversifcaton, must comply with the existng strategy, which is justfed and positoned as ratonal. The urgent task is to choose a strategy to diversify the constructon company's actvites, which would maximize its profts, taking into account the existng risks. The paper constructs a formal and meaningful statement of choosing a ratonal strategy for diversifcaton of constructon companies in conditons of uncertainty. The task is essental for implementng appropriate informaton systems to support decisionmaking in the actvites of constructon companies.

МОДЕЛЬ ТА СПОСІБ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ РУХУ ГРУП ЛЮДЕЙ З БУДІВЕЛЬ ПРИ НАДЗВИЧАЙНИХ СИТУАЦІЯХ

The Constitution of Ukraine proclaims the highest social value of human security, life and health. Every citizen of Ukraine has a constitutional right to safe living, working and leisure conditions. These inalienable constitutional rights of man and society as a whole are objects of national security of Ukraine. In the last decade, there has been a tendency to increase the number and scale of the consequences of emergencies (EM). Emergencies are accompanied not only by material but also human losses, so in an emergency it is very important to make quick and correct decisions to eliminate the consequences of emergencies and to save people. Among the possible forms of protection of the population there is the organization of controlled evacuation of people from the places of development of emergency, in particular from buildings for the necessary time, which is calculated based on their spatial design planning of buildings. To this end, scientifically sound plans for the evacuation of people are being developed, the main component of which are programs for modeling human flows, which adequately reflect the real processes of human movement. Therefore, the urgent problem is the development of models and methods for modeling human flows, which includes modeling the movement of people in the creation of subgroups and groups of people, ie the location of people at a distance not exceeding of the maximum of allowable. Examples of such subgroups are families, employees of the same unit, rescuers performing one rescue operation, and so on. Subgroups can be grouped together. Therefore, there is a problem of modeling the movement of people taking into account the restrictions on the maximum allowable distances between people, which is part of the modeling of rational evacuation plans from buildings. The paper constructs a meaningful statement of modeling the movement of people taking into account the maximum allowable distances between them. Formalized restrictions on the conditions of non-intersection of ellipses, which are models of people, taking into account the maximum allowable distances between them. These constraints are written using a normalized quasi-phi of function for a pair of ellipses. Keywords: heterogeneous human flow, motion modeling, non-intersection conditions, maximum allowable distances.

ТРАДИЦИИ ГУМАНИСТИЧЕСКОЙ ЭПИСТОЛОГРАФИИ В ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОЙ ПРОЗЕ АЛЕКСАНДРА ИЛЬЯНЕНА

The online prose of Alexander Ilyanen, recognized as one of the most significant experiments of Russian literature today, is not only a reflection on the possibilities of writing and utterance, but also an experience of rewriting of written forms. Recent prose of Ilyanen is a kind of philological observation of the usability of different types of writing to assemble a meaningful statement about the current quarantine situation. Correlation of these types of writing with the usual genres is not relevant, even introducing general framework of the novel and drama. Renaissance Italian epistolography as a way of producing situations, rather than roman à clef, clarifies Ilyanen’s prose strategies. A detailed analysis of the Renaissance letters by Poggio proves that he did not affirm the new model of language use, reviving the Cicero ideal, but he controlled effects of writing and biography, to improve official policy. The irony, intrigues, hints, social designing in these letters anticipate the tactics of professional blogging by eminent writers, but differ in responsibility for political decisions of both authors and persons mentioned.

Living Your Values

One of the greatest dangers to the reputation, even the survival, of any organization is for there to be a gap between the values posted on the lobby wall and the attitudes and behaviors that are actually reflected in workplace culture. This article discusses why an authentic and meaningful statement of values is essential for being considered a highly reliable organization that is also recognized as being a great place to work. It then shares 10 practical strategies for more effectively defining and promoting the core values of your organization. One of the greatest dangers to the reputation, even the survival, of any organization is for there to be a gap between the values posted on the lobby wall and the attitudes and behaviors that are actually reflected in workplace culture. This article discusses why an authentic and meaningful statement of values is essential for being considered a highly reliable organization that is also recognized as being a great place to work. It then shares 10 practical strategies for more effectively defining and promoting the core values of your organization. Joe Tye, MHA, MBA is Founder and Head Coach of Values Coach Inc. in Solon, Iowa. He is the author of 15 books including The Florence Prescription: From Accountability to Ownership and (with Bob Dent) Building a Culture of Ownership in Healthcare, AJN #1 Book of the Year in 2017. He can be reached at: [email protected]

Teori Tindak Tutur dalam Studi Linguistik Pragmatik

This article explains the theory of speech acts proposed by John L. Austin and his student John R. Searle. Speech act theory is a sub-field of pragmatics. This field of study deals with the ways in which words can be used not only to present information but also to carry out actions. This theory considers three levels or components of speech: locutionary acts (the making of a meaningful statement, saying something that a hearer understands), illocutionary acts (saying something with a purpose, such as to inform), and perlocutionary acts (saying something that causes someone to act). Many view speech acts as the central units of communication, with phonological, morphological, syntactic, and semantic properties of an utterance serving as ways of identifying the meaning of speaker’s utterance or illocutionary force. There are five types of Illocutionary point according to Searle: declarations, assertives, expressives, directives, and commissives (1979:viii). A speech act, in order to be successful, needs to be performed along certain types of conditions. These conditions were categorized by the linguist John Searle, who introduced the term felicity conditions: propositional content condition, preparatory condition, sincerity condition, and essential condition.

Formulation and algorithmization of the interleaved vehicle routing problem

The problem of routing between two types of objects is considered. Two variants of the problem statement are considered: with a single point of collection and without it. An important aspect of the routes is the mandatory alternation of different types of objects. A mathematical model of the problem with boolean variables is proposed for each statement. A meaningful statement can be represented as the task of collecting haystacks in trucks afield. Two algorithms are developed to solve this problem. The first one is based on the “greedy” strategies, and the second one is based on the approach of Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithms. To configure the parameters of the second algorithm it is carried out the computational experiment. The results of the experiment are provided. In conclusion, the main results of the work are presented.

Mathematical modeling of mechanisms for detecting threats of information leakage through parametric channels

The article analyzes various conceptual aspects of the problem of protecting information from leakage through parametric channels. An indicator of the relevance of the threat of information leakage through parametric channels is considered in the form of a two-component vector, the first component of which is the probability of realizing the threat of leakage and the second is the coefficient of its danger. The characteristics of threats are given. The ways of information protection from leakage through parametric channels in the concept of information security management are explored. The principles of modeling mechanisms for detecting threats to information leakage through parametric channels are formalized in the interest of evaluating the effectiveness of its protection against leakage. A mathematical description of the effectiveness index of mechanisms for detecting threats of information leakage through parametric channels is proposed. The result of the conducted studies is a meaningful and formal statement of the problem of modeling mechanisms for detecting threats to information leakage through parametric channels in the interest of evaluating the effectiveness of information protection.

A change of heart: retraction and body

Our intervention stems from a shared interest in lines as material, somatic and metaphorical forms. The line that we interrogate is the strikethrough: the line superimposed upon text in order to retract a meaningful or weighty statement in particular legal proceedings. We ask what this seemingly simple device of erasure can reveal about the transparent retraction of a statement, and its place within a dispositif attributed to law. Taking note of the editors’ explicit injunction not to necessarily equate the material with the physical, we mine the artefactual qualities of the typographical line of strikethrough: to us it constitutes a digital device, physical mark and affective embodied force. A device, a mark, a force: these are precisely what make the strikethrough a material of sorts. We use materials to explore materials. We do this by bringing together socio-legal analysis and embodied practice-based research, using Macdonald’s moving image artwork Walk (strikethrough with pen) (2016) to refine how strikethrough registers as a distinctive legal material.

Na tronie i obok tronu. O kobietach w życiu publicznym Polski przedrozbiorowej

The royal throne was a permanent element of feudal political culture, and the institution of the monarchy, albeit decidedly less significant, has survived until today, playing a primarily symbolic role in the democratic systems in Europe. The subject of the paper looks at the role of Polish rulers’ wives, as the majority of monarchs started a family, and their offspring later took the throne. This was the case of both great dynasties – the Piasts, from the mid-10th century, i.e. from the baptism of Mieszko I, and the Jagiellons (until 1572). After these dynasties ended, the period of elective kings, who were crowned with their wives, started. Over the years, at the very least, the informal role of the queens was growing. This process paved the way to women’s liberation, and, as of the end of the 18th century, it also encompassed the families of magnates and affluent gentry. A meaningful statement can be found in the poetry written by Bishop Ignacy Krasicki in the latter half of the same century, when he addressed men saying: “we rule the world, and women rule us”. The paper is only a sketch and promises a more in-depth monographic study.

ALGORITHM OF STEPS MINIMIZATION FOR ORTHOGONAL FIGURE CUTTING

The problem of orthogonal cutting of complex figures defined by multi- ply connected orthogonal polygons is considered. The urgency of this task is due to its broad practical interpretation, as well as its belonging to the NP-hard class. As exact methods lose their effectiveness in solving NP-hard problems, because costs increase up to unacceptable values, various heuristic and hyper-heuristic algorithms are developed for solv- ing orthogonal figured cutting. The problem of figured cutting is often found in practice in resource-intensive industries, where the optimiza- tion of the process of raw materials consumption plays an important economic role. In particular, the problem of cutting multiply connected orthogonal polygons from a sheet resource has to be solved daily in the construction industry, at enterprises when cutting cardboard packages, and when making furniture. The complexity of the problem lies in the presence of the cut-off blanks internal voids, which often in practice are quite large and are able to accommodate other cut-off blanks. The desire to optimize the packaging process leads to the emergence of a new math- ematical model and specific limitations, while the algorithmization of any methods associated with the solution of the task is significantly complicated compared to the classical rectangular nesting. In this paper, a meaningful statement of the problem is described, its mathematical model is given. The review of algorithms described in the literature and developed earlier, allowing to obtain rational plans for cut- ting the material in the case of pattern cutting is made. The algorithm described in the article is based on a number of heuristic ideas, its main idea is to reduce the so-called gradation of the cutting map. The gradation here is defined as the amplitude of the height difference of the contour of the cutting pattern of the blanks. The computational time of the algorithm when using the selected heuristic ideas is acceptable for its use in practice when solving real problems of resource-intensive industries.