Management Tool Research Articles

Impact of Deficit Irrigation Strategies Using Saline Water on Soil and Peach Tree Yield in an Arid Region of Tunisia

Sustainable fruit orchard development in arid areas is severely affected by the scarcity of fresh water. To mitigate the lack of fresh water, the use of low-quality water for irrigation is becoming a common practice in several margin areas. However, salinity is considered one of the most important environmental constraints limiting the successful crop production. Therefore, the effects of deficit irrigation strategies using saline water (3.1 dS m−1) on soil water content, soil salinity, and yield of commercial peach orchard were investigated. Three irrigation treatments were considered: a Control, full irrigated (FI); and partial root-zone drying (PRD50); and deficit irrigation (DI) strategies irrigated at 50% ETc. These levels of water supply allowed for contrasting watering conditions with clear distinction between irrigation treatments. The differential pattern in soil moisture was accompanied by that of soil salinity with an increase in all FI treatments (16–25%). The results indicated that soil salinity increased with increasing water supply and evaporative demand during the growing season from January (3.2 dS m−1) to August (6.6 dS m−1). Deficit irrigation strategies (DI, PRD50) induced more soil salinity along the row emitter compared to the Control due to insufficient leaching fractions. By the end of the growing season, the soil salinity under long-term saline drip irrigation remained stable (5.3–5.7 dS m−1). An efficient leaching action seemed to be guaranteed by rainfall and facilitated by sandy soil texture, as well as the high evaporative demand and the important salt quantity supplied, which maintain the deficit irrigation strategies as valuable tools for water saving and improving water productivity. The significant water saving of 50% of water requirements induced a fruit yield loss of 20%. For this reason, DI and PRD50 could be reasonable irrigation management tools for saving water and controlling soil salinity in arid areas and on deep sandy soil.

Financial Report Recording System At PT Asuransi Eka Lloyd Jaya

This research aims to design a financial report recording system at PT Asuransi Eka Lloyd Jaya. By creating a financial reporting system, it is hoped that it will make it easier for the bookkeeping department to record financial data, as well as to make reports more quickly, which are used by the insurance company as a management tool for financial activities at PT Asuransi Eka Lloyd Jaya. Likewise, the aim of the research entitled "Financial Report Recording System at PT Asuransi Eka Lloyd Jaya" is to prepare reports that are equipped with data security, namely passwords. The research results of the financial report recording system at PT Asuransi Eka Lloyd Jaya are to make it easier to record cash flows, as well as to make financial reports more quickly and efficiently. The conclusion from the results of this research is that this system can facilitate the activity of recording financial report transactions so that errors do not occur in recording, users can easily present financial reports more quickly so as to minimize recording time and recording errors, and make it easier for users to print payment reports easily. affective and efficient results so that they can support and speed up decision making.

Data-Driven Optimization for Air Traffic Flow Management with Trajectory Preferences

In this paper, we present a novel data-driven optimization approach for trajectory-based air traffic flow management (ATFM). A key aspect of the proposed approach is the inclusion of airspace users’ trajectory preferences, which are computed from traffic data by combining clustering and classification techniques. Machine learning is also used to extract consistent trajectory options, whereas optimization is applied to resolve demand-capacity imbalances by means of a mathematical programming model that judiciously assigns a feasible four-dimensional trajectory and a possible ground delay to each flight. The methodology has been tested on instances extracted from the Eurocontrol data repository. With more than 32,000 flights considered, we solve the largest instances of the ATFM problem available in the literature in short computational times that are reasonable from the practical point of view. As a by-product, we highlight the trade-off between preferences and delays as well as the potential benefits. Indeed, computing efficient solutions to the problem facilitates a consensus between the network manager and airspace users. In view of the level of accuracy of the solutions and the excellent computational performance, we are optimistic that the proposed approach can make a significant contribution to the development of the next generation of air traffic flow management tools.

Actual trajectory of strategic management development as a science, in the conditions of dynamically developing markets and external challenges

The article considers the current trajectory of strategic management development as a science in the context of dynamically developing markets and external challenges. The use of strategic management tools is crucial in the activities of enterprises, as they provide the basis for identifying, analyzing and responding to external and internal factors and threats. These tools can help companies develop strategies that will allow them to compete effectively in their industry, achieve their goals and stay ahead of their competitors. This article indicates the main areas where strategic management as a science needs to focus its attention, develop research potential, and look for opportunities to implement in the current activities of companies. The methods of analysis of companies’ strategy aimed at identifying, assessing and managing risks that may affect the ability of the organization to achieve its goals, such as SWOT–analysis and ERM, are considered. The methods of forming strategies of economic, industrial and social character to stimulate effective work of the companies’ employees are considered.

Cyber Security; Etiology and Importance

Background: Cyber Security is to protect online data and software from cyber threats. These cyberattacks are typically intended to gain access to, change, or delete sensitive information; extort money from users; or disrupt regular corporate activities. It is difficult to keep up a regular follow up with new technologies, so it is necessary to keep the important data safe from cyber threats. There are many types of cyber threats, malware, ransomware, social engineering, phishing etc. To prevent cyber-attacks one can, use password manager tools like LastPass and others. People also use two factor authentication for double security on their accounts. Methods: Boards such as the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) are developing frameworks to assist firms in understanding their security risks, improving cybersecurity procedures, and preventing cyber assaults. The fight against cybercrimes and attack, organizations needed a strong base there are 5 types of cyber securities: Critical Infrastructure Security, application security, network security, cloud security and (IoT) Security. In the modern time the US is highly based on computers and on different software, so it is really important for the US to be more conscious about the security as they get many threats almost every day for hacking their data and accounts. Results and Conclusion: Nowadays, even small businesses rarely recover their loss from the cyber-attacks and many back-off from continuing their businesses after being target of hackers. The first cybercrime attack was recorded in 1988 by a graduate student. Now that large companies and even small businesses are aware of cyber-attacks, they try their best to take every precaution to prevent hacking with double security and password manager tools.

Sensor-Based Fertigation Management Enhances Resource Utilization and Crop Performance in Soilless Strawberry Cultivation

The use of wireless sensors for real-time sensing of substrate water status and electrical conductivity could be an effective tool for precision irrigation management in soilless cultivation. In this research, the effects of timer-based (TB) compared to smart sensor-based irrigation (SB) were investigated. The highest consumption of fertilizers and water were recorded in TB, with nutrient solution and total applied water savings of 38% and 26%, respectively, in SB. The highest yield was obtained in SB treatment, with a total and marketable yield decrease of 7% in TB, with no differences in terms of the total soluble solids content, dry matter, firmness, juice pH and titratable acidity of the strawberry fruits. The higher yield, combined with water and nutrient saving in SB, allowed water use efficiency (fresh weight of marketable fruits per liter of total water applied) to be increased by 46% and nutrient productivity (fresh weight of marketable product per gram of nutrient supplied via nutrient solution) by 74%. The study confirms that sensor-based, compared to empiric fertigation management, ameliorates the sustainability of open, free-drain, soilless cultivation of strawberry, leading to better resource use without compromising crop performance and fruit quality.

Spiral Dynamics as a Tool for Effective Management of an Organization

The work analyzes the values of an organization's culture at different stages of its life cycle based on the spiral dynamics model, which allows us to better understand and explain the evolution of values within the organization and predict its future development, according to which each level of the organization is characterized by a certain color. The directions of the company's development and ways to implement strategic goals are described. It is proposed to use the concept of spiral dynamics for personnel development. The article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the possibility of using the theory of spiral dynamics to determine the stage of development of a company, determine the necessary management and leadership skills, develop competencies, create a staff motivation program and train employees in new skills. Organizations go through various stages, from inception to death, and at each stage the values of the organization and its employees may change. The spiral dynamics model helps to understand and explain various cultural and social phenomena and predict the possible direction of society's development. Using the theory of spiral dynamics allows you to more effectively manage an organization and create favorable conditions for its development.

Effect of a Bacillus subtilis plus Yeast Cell Wall Synbiotic on Salmonella Enteritidis Colonization in Ceca of Layer Pullets

Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) is a major contamination concern in eggs and risk for Salmonellosis in humans. Strains of Bacillus subtilis and yeast cell wall can be used as substitutes for antibiotic substances in feed against Salmonella in poultry. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of BacPack® (Quality Technology International, Inc., Elgin, IL, USA) Q1+1 (BPQ11), a feed additive combination of a Bacillus subtilis strain and Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall, on SE cecal colonization in Lohmann LSL pullets. A control group (CON) and a test group (BPQ) were each randomly assigned 100-day-old chicks. CON was fed a corn–soybean meal-based vegetarian mash diet, and BPQ was fed the control diet supplemented with BPQ11 for the duration of the study. At 8 days of age, chicks were orally challenged with a nalidixic acid-resistant SE strain at a dose of 6.3 × 107 colony forming units (CFUs) per bird. At 7, 11, 15, and 19 days post-challenge (DPC), 25 birds per group were euthanized, and their cecal contents were collected and analyzed for SE. SE counts were 6.88, 7.98, 7.79, and 7.50 in CON and 7.18, 7.31, 6.35, and 6.30 log10 CFU/g in BPQ at 7, 11, 15, and 19 DPC, respectively. SE did not differ between CON and BPQ at 7 DPC; however, BPQ had lower (p < 0.0001) SE at 11 (−0.67), 15 (−1.45), and 19 (−1.20 log10 CFU/g) DPC. Results indicate that synbiotic BPQ11 may be a useful dietary pre-harvest tool for SE management in layer birds.

The Advent of the 2023 “BBNJ” Agreement: A Preliminary Legal Analysis

On 4 March 2023, the Member States of the United Nations agreed in New York on the text of a new treaty on biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ or ABNJ) –in international maritime areas. It took marathon process spread over more than ten years of informal discussions, four years of formal negotiations and the final session of almost 36 hours. Rena Lee, the President of the intergovernmental conference, announced to the applause of the delegates that the ship had finally “reached the shore”. This new BBNJ Agreement, now signed by more than 80 countries, is a historic step for the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction. It is also in consonance with the objectives of the global Kunming-Montreal Biodiversity Framework adopted at CBD COP15 in December 2022. This article aims to provide a preliminary analysis of the environmental (preamble, principles and approaches, area-based management tools and environmental impact assessments) and economic (marine genetic resources, capacity building and transfer of marine technologies) content of the 2023 BBNJ Agreement, which are both the result of important compromises. It also seeks to underline the numerous remaining uncertainties and potential difficulties it raises, especially in terms of implementation and articulation with existing instruments and frameworks.

Be Happy, Be Loyal? Exploring Drivers for Renewal of Mobile-Delivered Index Insurance

Agricultural microinsurance is a promising risk management tool for smallholder farmers. However, adoption rates remain low and only a small share of farmers renew their policy after the first period. With the increasing availability of cell phones, mobile-delivered insurance is gaining importance on the market. As for any agricultural microinsurance, it is essential for the longevity of a mobile-delivered insurance scheme to retain a solid customer base. To date, it is unknown what drives the decision to renew a mobile-delivered agricultural microinsurance policy. We address this question by performing mean comparisons and logistic regressions based on primary data collected from 479 smallholder farmers in Mali who purchased a mobile-delivered weather index-based insurance in 2020. Results show that the level of satisfaction with the insurance product was considerably higher among farmers who renewed. We found low levels of understanding of the product among all clients, but especially among those who did not renew. Both factors were confirmed as drivers for renewal. Consistent with previous findings, receiving a payout had the strongest effect on the decision to renew. We conclude that additional measures to foster client satisfaction as well as to promote understanding of agricultural insurance among smallholder farmers are highly recommended.

Choice of tools of anti-crisis management at industrial enterprises of Ukraine

The relevance of the research of the tools of anti-crisis management at domestic enterprises and the prerequisites for its optimization in conditions of systemic financial and economic crisis and military conflict are substantiated. The structure of the anti-crisis management system and peculiarities of choosing the anti-crisis management toolkit are defined, which includes tools for identifying the crisis at the enterprise, tools for developing anti-crisis management decisions and tools for assessing the effectiveness of adopted anti-crisis management decisions. It is substantiated that the concept of anti-crisis management determines the relationship between the components of the "reactive" and "preventive" character in the anti-crisis management system, the role and place of the anti-crisis component in the general strategy of enterprise management. The concept of crisis management should take into account such features of the enterprise as: size, industry, methods of capital formation, stage of the life cycle of the enterprise, types of production and financial strategy, market position, types of risks inherent in this enterprise. The tools of crisis management at the enterprise are investigated within two large groups: diagnostic methods and methods aimed at overcoming the crisis. The tools of crisis management are considered in terms of the stages of crisis at the enterprise. The priority of preventive measures in the anti-crisis management system has been determined. The model of anti-crisis management tools is proposed taking into account the factors of crisis, stages of crisis, tasks of anti-crisis management at the enterprise. Therefore, during the study, stages, crisis factors, the structure of the crisis management toolkit, which includes both tools for diagnosing the crisis state at the enterprise and directly tools for overcoming the crisis, which can be the basis for optimizing the crisis management system at the enterprise, are determined.

Stress and primary headaches – Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) as a novel avenue for treatment

Introduction: In today's fast-paced life, an increasing number of people are experiencing chronic stress, which negatively impacts our mental and physical health, leading to troublesome conditions such as primary headaches. Faced with this challenge, more individuals are turning their attention to mindfulness techniques as an effective tool for stress management. In light of this, mindfulness, focusing on the awareness of the present moment, emerges as a promising method for preventing and alleviating stress-induced headaches and the resulting aftermath. 
 Purpose: Offer a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of the efficacy of mindfulness training, particularly Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), in the prevention and relief of primary headaches and their associated consequences. 
 Description of the state of knowledge: MBSR demonstrates the potential for effectively coping with stress-induced headaches and their subsequent effects, including disability related to headaches. This category of pain includes conditions like migraine and tension-type headaches. In the clinical trials conducted thus far participants in the MBSR program show noticeable improvement in headache-related disability, self-efficacy, quality of life, catastrophic pain, and depression scores. 
 Summary: Studies suggest that integrating mindfulness training could present a promising strategy for preventing and reducing the severity of primary headaches and their consequences, by mitigating stress, a crucial factor influencing the onset of these headaches. To validate these promising findings, further randomized, large-scale, placebo-controlled studies are required.

Effects of European eel egg and larval stocking density on rearing water, offspring bacteriome and derived immune response

If human exploitation of the “critically endangered” European eel (Anguilla anguilla) is to continue, the eel's life cycle in captivity must be closed and techniques established to produce viable offspring in hatcheries. Despite stable offspring production, high mortality rates during early developmental stages have hindered progress in closing the lifecycle in captivity. We hypothesised that mortalities affecting embryos and newly hatched larvae, when the immune system is expected to play a vital role in protecting the offspring, could be linked to adverse microbial conditions arising in high-density rearing. We therefore set out to explore the bacteriome changes in rearing water and offspring as well as the molecular immunologic development of offspring at different initial stocking densities (500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 eggs/L) from fertilisation to 3 days post-hatch (dph). The lowest density resulted in ∼5% higher survival. Independent of density, most mortality (∼75%) occurred during embryonic rather than larval development. The bacteriomes of both offspring and rearing water differed according to stocking density, with a potentially healthier bacteriome at the lowest density, marked by greater ASV richness and abundance from various phyla (Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria, and Firmicutes). In contrast, the bacteriome of the highest density was dominated by Proteobacteria ASVs, including the potentially harmful Vibrionales order. We observed stage-specific bacteriome changes in offspring, transitioning from an inherent and balanced bacteriome in unadulterated eggs to a dominance of rapid-growing opportunistic bacteria in embryos (48 hpf), and finally to a more diverse bacterial community in larvae (3 dph). Thus, host-microbe interactions appear to significantly impact the overall high mortality observed during embryonic development. As the expression of stress and immune related genes was not affected by density, it seems that the molecular immune system was incapable of handling microbial interference during these early stages, aggravating the challenges faced during hatchery production. We conclude that low-density (500 eggs/L) incubation is a valid strategy to improve survival. However, high stocking densities (up to 4000 eggs/L) might be an acceptable compromise allowing more efficient utilisation of infrastructure and labour. At 4000 eggs/L, survival was reduced by only ∼5%, while there was no effect on hatching success and no cellular stress response. Nevertheless, bacterial community management tools should be in place during high-density incubation to avoid r-selection and thus counter bacteria-associated mortality.

On the issue of state property management in the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Belarus

In the Republic of Belarus, a decentralized system of ownership supervision has been formed, when shares are managed by ministries, concerns, and committees that were in charge of state-owned en-terprises before their transformation into joint-stock companies. In addition to the sectoral system, there are centralized and dual systems, which are actively used by our key foreign trade partners — the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China. Currently, in the agro-industrial com-plex of the Republic of Belarus there is a high share of state-owned enterprises and organizations with a state share in the authorized capital. An analysis of the state share of ownership in the author-ized capital of OJSC shows that in agricultural organizations in recent years it has consistently been in the range of 70–80 %, and in industrial and service organizations — 40–50 %. At the same time, the operating effi ciency of many JSCs is not at a high enough level, which predetermines the need and importance of improving management tools for enterprises and organizations, including owner su-pervision. The article substantiates promising directions for improving owner’s supervision, including: organizational — the transition from an industry-based to a centralized model of organizing owner’s supervision in the agro-industrial complex; economic — development of the corporate governance system in business companies; administrative and economic — development of a methodology for assessing the effectiveness of state property management in the agro-industrial complex. The use of the results of the proposed study is aimed at improving owner supervision and will improve the efficiency of functioning of business entities of the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Belarus.

Pragmatic phase II clinical trial to improve depression care in a real-world diverse MS cohort from an academic MS centre in Northern California: MS CATCH study protocol

IntroductionDepression occurs in over 50% of individuals living with multiple sclerosis (MS) and can be treated using many modalities. Yet, it remains: under-reported by patients, under-ascertained by clinicians and under-treated....

Salvia officinalis L. exerts oncostatic effects in rodent and in vitro models of breast carcinoma.

Introduction: Based on extensive data from oncology research, the use of phytochemicals or plant-based nutraceuticals is considered an innovative tool for cancer management. This research aimed to analyze the oncostatic properties of Salvia officinalis L. [Lamiaceae; Salviae officinalis herba] using animal and in vitro models of breast carcinoma (BC). Methods: The effects of dietary administered S. officinalis in two concentrations (0.1%/SAL 0.1/and 1%/SAL 1/) were assessed in both syngeneic 4T1 mouse and chemically induced rat models of BC. The histopathological and molecular evaluations of rodent carcinoma specimens were performed after the autopsy. Besides, numerous in vitro analyses using two human cancer cell lines were performed. Results and Conclusion: The dominant metabolites found in S. officinalis propylene glycol extract (SPGE) were representatives of phenolics, specifically rosmarinic, protocatechuic, and salicylic acids. Furthermore, the occurrence of triterpenoids ursolic and oleanolic acid was proved in SPGE. In a mouse model, a non-significant tumor volume decrease after S. officinalis treatment was associated with a significant reduction in the mitotic activity index of 4T1 tumors by 37.5% (SAL 0.1) and 31.5% (SAL 1) vs. controls (set as a blank group with not applied salvia in the diet). In addition, salvia at higher doses significantly decreased necrosis/whole tumor area ratio by 46% when compared to control tumor samples. In a rat chemoprevention study, S. officinalis at a higher dose significantly lengthened the latency of tumors by 8.5 days and significantly improved the high/low-grade carcinomas ratio vs. controls in both doses. Analyses of the mechanisms of anticancer activities of S. officinalis included well-validated prognostic, predictive, and diagnostic biomarkers that are applied in both oncology practice and preclinical investigation. Our assessment in vivo revealed numerous significant changes after a comparison of treated vs. untreated cancer cells. In this regard, we found an overexpression in caspase-3, an increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and a decrease in MDA, ALDH1, and EpCam expression. In addition, salvia reduced TGF-β serum levels in rats (decrease in IL-6 and TNF-α levels were with borderline significance). Evaluation of epigenetic modifications in rat cancer specimens in vivo revealed a decline in the lysine methylations of H3K4m3 and an increase in lysine acetylation in H4K16ac levels in treated groups. Salvia decreased the relative levels of oncogenic miR21 and tumor-suppressive miR145 (miR210, miR22, miR34a, and miR155 were not significantly altered). The methylation of ATM and PTEN promoters was decreased after S. officinalis treatment (PITX2, RASSF1, and TIMP3 promoters were not altered). Analyzing plasma metabolomics profile in tumor-bearing rats, we found reduced levels of ketoacids derived from BCAAs after salvia treatment. In vitro analyses revealed significant anti-cancer effects of SPGE extract in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines (cytotoxicity, caspase-3/-7, Bcl-2, Annexin V/PI, cell cycle, BrdU, and mitochondrial membrane potential). Our study demonstrates the significant chemopreventive and treatment effects of salvia haulm using animal or in vitro BC models.

Transport, dispersion, and degradation of nonpoint source contaminants during flood‐managed aquifer recharge

AbstractIn water‐stressed regions of the world, the inundation of working landscapes to replenish aquifers—known as flood‐managed aquifer recharge (flood‐MAR)—has become a valuable tool for sustainable groundwater management. Due to their diverse land use histories, however, many potential recharge sites host nonpoint source contaminants (such as salts, pesticides, and fertilizers) within the vadose zone that may flush to groundwater during recharge operations. To identify the controls on contaminant migration, we perform stochastic simulations of flood‐MAR through a heterogeneous alluvial aquifer and apply transient particle tracking to evaluate conservative and reactive contaminant transport over 80 years of recharge operations. With semi‐annual recharge events, the water table begins to rise 0.13–1.84 years after the first inundation event while solutes take much longer (11 to 80 years) to transit the 45‐m thick unsaturated zone. We derive a parametric expression for the ratio of celerity (or rate of pressure transmission) to velocity of the flood‐MAR wetting front and show that this simplified expression agrees with values calculated from heterogeneous model simulations. Slow solute velocities (0.25–1.75 m year−1) allow for significant contaminant removal through denitrification, but the contaminant plume experiences minimal dispersion or dilution over this time, reaching the water table as a sharp front. Our results suggest that minimizing groundwater velocity and maximizing groundwater celerity during flood‐MAR should optimize increases in water supply while limiting water quality degradation.

Designing a Sustainability Assessment Framework for Peruvian Manufacturing Small and Medium Enterprises Applying the Stakeholder Theory Approach

Among the main obstacles affecting the competitiveness of Peruvian Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are poor strategic planning and incipient use of management control systems that support the integration of sustainable practices for the growth of the organization. Not considering sustainability in the strategy and management control systems of Peruvian SMEs can jeopardize their stability and growth, as they are part of the supply chain of large companies that look for suppliers that comply with sustainability standards. Since manufacturing SMEs play a vital role in the economies and social welfare of countries, providing them with appropriate management tools to evaluate the sustainable performance of their activities is urgent to assure their survival. Thus, the aim of this study is to design a holistic sustainability assessment framework that enables Peruvian manufacturing SMEs to evaluate the full integration of sustainability into their business strategy and the creation of value for each stakeholder. Based on the gaps found in the literature review, a conceptual assessment framework was designed, then a multiple-case study was conducted in three Peruvian manufacturing SMEs in the plastic sector, and the data obtained were used to deploy the proposed conceptual assessment framework.

The prediction and analysis of heart disease using XGBoost algorithm

Heart diseases remain a global health concern, with their intricate aetiology and multifactorial risk factors making early diagnosis challenging. Recognizing the pressing need for accurate prediction tools, this research ventured into harnessing the power of machine learning, notably the Xtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm, to fill this gap. The main object is to devise a robust predictive framework capable of early and accurate identification of heart disease. Specifically, our methodology unfolded systematically, beginning with data preprocessing, then delving into incisive feature selection, rigorous model training, and finally, thorough evaluation. This study is meticulously conducted on the heart.csv dataset, a comprehensive repository of cardiovascular data points. The experimental outcomes were nothing short of revelatory. Not only did the XGBoost model manifest superior performance metrics, but its precision also outpaced several contemporary models referenced in existing literature. Ultimately, our findings underscore the profound potential of the XGBoost algorithm in heart disease predictions. Beyond academic intrigue, this research holds tangible implications for healthcare practitioners, potentially offering a novel tool for early interventions and patient management.

Digital resilience framework for managing crisis: A qualitative study in the higher education and research sector

AbstractAustralia's Higher Education and Research Sector (HERS) must adopt digital resilience strategies to tackle cybersecurity challenges and manage major crises effectively. In this study, we have developed a digital resilience framework to mitigate these cybersecurity issues. Our findings suggest a range of keystone factors for crisis management, such as implementing cybersecurity awareness programmes, providing cyber support, redefining roles and responsibilities, implying risk management tools, partnerships with external security organizations, introducing policies, reconfiguring technologies, adopting new technologies, and evaluating current changes to combat these issues. These keystone factors will help achieve digital resilience and significantly minimize cybersecurity issues in HERS, not only during the current major crisis but also in the future. This research offers valuable theoretical and practical contributions that can be applied beyond the context of the recent crisis.