Management Thinking Research Articles

Management by Objectives (MBO) and Outcome Based Management Systems (OBMS): A Comparison

Effective management is all about successfully achieving the long-term and short-term goals while guiding everyone towards the vision of the organization. However, it is easier said than done. It is a much more difficult task for any manager to achieve the goals set by the management system along with maintaining the balance between the management and employee satisfaction. The effectiveness of different styles of management adopted by an organization can be determined only by proper planning and a systematic framework that keeps the flow of work in check. It is inevitable to adapt the culture of change for any organization, and if failed to speed up with the pace of changing times, it will be left behind the race of improvement and growth, the businesses will stagnate and it may even die, But the transformation is always accommodated with the resistance to change, and teething troubles while people get used to new ways of doing things can wreak havoc. The change management process is the make-or-break challenge that will determine whether the implementation of change is successful or not. In this process the previous experiences and practices of management systems of various organizations and their various experimentation of change, their failure and success stories imprinted by many management thinkers may guide for the future decisions. Understanding the challenges faced by the organization, and proper research in the field one can set the objectives for the activities to undertake for the fulfilling the goals. MBO played its exemplary role since two three decades for the success of the organization, now management gurus are talking about OBMS to realize the organization goals. In the present article a comparison of MBO is made with the OBMS.

Book Review

Bringing together contributions from international experts in digital strategy, the research handbook depicts the contours of the major threads of investigation that shape the digital transformation process at firm, platform, market, and industry levels. Chapters explore the fundamentals of digital strategy and digitization, the design of digital organizational architectures, how value is created and captured through data strategies, and the manifold challenges that firms face in the digital era. From the impact of big data analytics and artificial intelligence on management thinking and practice to the nature of digital competition and user engagement on social media platforms, the research handbook takes stock of emerging issues and advancements in digital strategy research and ultimately considers how future digital strategy frameworks might be cultivated.

Difference and Integration of Chinese Traditional and Modern Management Thoughts

Chinese culture has undergone its development and evolution of five thousand years, leaving people with valuable ideological inside information. However, influenced by western culture, the contemporary world has gradually shown a trend of modern management, which is quite different from the cultural philosophy and management thought involved in Chinese tradition. Therefore, this paper studies the differences between Chinese traditional and modern management thoughts, and proposes the relevant integration methods of taking the essence and discarding the dross, seeking the golden mean in competition and cooperation, promoting the integration of rule of virtue and rule of law, regulating the relationship between interests, righteousness and benefits, and advocating people first.

Playful Approaches to Leadership Development: Three Innovative Uses of Games in the Classroom

How can educators use games and playful interactions to enhance the practice of skills related to leadership and management? Effective leadership involves a number of skills, such as strategic thinking, perspective-taking, critical thinking, ethical thinking, resource management, and reflection on one’s biases. In this article, we will review how three different instructors use games and play in their higher education classrooms to teach critical leadership skills. We will share how we use three different types of games: (1) a commercially-available off-the-shelf digital game ( Democracy 4) to enhance resource management and ethical thinking skills; (2) a non-digital card game ( @Stake Game) to teach critical thinking and argumentation; and (3) an independent (indie) digital game ( SweetXHeart) to teach bias reduction and perspective-taking. We will share best practices and recommendations for using games in leadership and management education.

The Innovative Model of Higher Education Management and Student Training Mechanism in the Internet Era

Abstract With the goal of improving the ability of higher education management and student cultivation, this paper applies face recognition technology to higher education management and student cultivation and proposes a new model of digital management and cultivation. By analyzing the recognition process of the face recognition algorithm in face detection and combining the data to describe the deformability of the face, a neural network-based face recognition algorithm is constructed. After inputting the face image data, it passes through several convolutional layers, a linear rectification layer and a pooling layer and finally connects to the fully connected layer so as to achieve the effect of face recognition. The results show that the face recognition technology training state accuracy rate in the 0~3000th generation rises sharply, which can be seen in the neural network in 3500 generations around the rise has gradually leveled off in 5000 generations to reach convergence. Strengthening digital management thinking can improve the management effect to a certain extent and improve the management content so as to achieve the specific management effect.

Deprojectification of agile: The new orthodoxy of long-term product teams

Abstract Agile management thinking has influenced organisations in several ways, but the focus of this paper is on the deprojectification of agile software development. The new agile orthodoxy has been promoted by popular books, in blogs and by Spotify and other firms: agile teams should be aligned to products or domains (not projects); cover development, maintenance and operations (to reduce handover problems); and have a long-term character (to build trust, identity and domain knowledge). We first describe and contextualise the new agile orthodoxy and then, based on an empirical study of two different “agile cases,” we describe and analyse how employees and middle managers perceived the rationale behind the change to long-term teams, how they understood teams as the basic unit of the structure, their perceptions of the resource and disciplinary dimensions of the organisation and the decline of projects and project managers.

The Influence of Construction Project Management on the Planning and Design of Residential Green Buildings

<p>我國綠建築評估系統EEWH至今已有20年歷史，然而在住宿類建築當中綠建築標章案件數仍僅占總使用執照數量1%以下，標章案之總樓地板面積僅占總使用執照總樓地板面積20%以下，因此對於推廣綠建築之成果仍有進步空間。分析綠建築申請率低的原因，包含大眾認為綠建築之成本較高、綠建築標章之總建築專案期程較久、所需之審查資料繁多…等。再者，申請綠建築標章時之分數常少於申請候選綠建築證書時之分數，甚至有案件未申請綠建築標章。專案管理係指對於專案生命週期之各項工作項目予以妥善管理，以減少專案成果與預期目標的落差。於過往在建築業的案例與相關研究中，指出專案管理對於管控建築成本與工期具有實際績效，然而案例多為大型工程與廠辦類建築物，對於住宿類建築物之探討相對較少。故本研究先透過專家問卷探討建築專案管理管控綠建築指標項目之能力，以提出在專案管理思維下，設計住宿類綠建築時可優先考量採用之建築技術，以消除大眾對於綠建築在成本與時程上之顧慮。研究成果顯示，不同綠建築技術與設施設備之採用情形，對於建築專案的管控能力確實具有差異性。在EEWH-RS版本下之指標項目，以日常節能指標與二氧化碳減量指標下之指標項目，較能夠受專案管理管控。但綠化量指標、水資源指標以及汙水垃圾改善指標等，由於其技術已經成熟、成為標準配備或已規格化，致使專案管理對其無法具有較高的影響能力。研究成果係可協助建築設計師於住宿類綠建築規劃設計時，擬定出較易管控成本與時程之方案，進而提升業主採用綠建築技術與設施設備之意願。</p> <p> </p><p>Taiwan’s green building assessment system (EEWH) has a history of 20 years, but the number of green building label cases in residential buildings still accounts for less than 1% of the total number of Building Use permit, and the total floor area of the label cases are less than 20% of the total building which get Building Use permit. So there is still room for promoting the achievements of green buildings. Analyze the reasons for the low green building application rate, including the public’s view that the cost of green building is relatively high, the overall construction project period of the green building label is longer, and the amount of review information required is more than general building... Furthermore, the score for applying for a green building seal is often less than the score for applying for a candidate green building certificate. There are even cases where the green building seal is not applied. Project management refers to the proper management of various work items in the project life cycle to reduce the gap between project results and expected goals. In the past cases and related research in the construction industry, it was pointed out that project management has actual performance in controlling construction costs and duration. However, most of the cases are large-scale projects and factory buildings, and there is relatively little discussion on residential buildings. Therefore, in this study, an expert questionnaire will be used to discuss the ability of the construction project management to control the green building index project, in order to put forward the construction technology that can be considered first when designing residential-type green buildings under the project management thinking, so as to eliminate the public’s cost and schedule for green buildings Concerns. The research results show that the adoption of different green building technologies and facilities and equipment has indeed different management and control capabilities for construction projects. The indicators under the EEWH-RS version are more able to be controlled by the project management based on the daily energy saving indicators and the CO2 reduction indicators. However, the greenery indicators, water resource indicators and sewage and garbage improvement indicators, etc., because their technology has matured, become standard equipment or has been standardized, the project management cannot have a high influence on it. The research results can assist architects in the planning and design of residential-type green buildings, and draw up plans that are easier to control costs and schedules, thereby enhancing the owners’ willingness to adopt green building technologies and facilities.</p> <p> </p>

Learning chemistry through designing and its effectiveness towards inventive thinking

Learning through designing is the latest innovation in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics teaching and learning in the 21<sup>st</sup> century. This study aims to identify the effectiveness of EkSTEMiT module in fostering inventive thinking in the subject of electrochemistry. EkSTEMiT module was tested through a quasi-experimental design method of nonequivalent pre- and post-tests. A total of 63 students from four rural schools were involved in this study. Two schools were included in the treatment group (n=32), and two schools were included in the control group (n=31). The instrument used in this study was Inventive Thinking Questionnaire, which consists of adaptability and complexity management, self-regulation, curiosity, creativity, risk-taking, and higher-order thinking and reasoning subdomains. Analysis of MANOVA repeated measures showed no significant effect for group and time and no significant interaction effect between group and time on the level of students’ inventive thinking. Although EkSTEMiT module does not have a significant impact on the level of inventive thinking, it can have a particular impact on the teaching of innovative instructors and can subsequently increase interest in the subject of chemistry among students.

Measuring change within next‐generation agricultural and natural resources professionals

AbstractA dynamic and diverse workforce of agricultural professionals and scientists is needed to develop sustainable and innovative solutions for the challenges of food production for a growing population under the threat of climate extremes. One path to developing workforce talent is through summer research and extension experiences. The Applied Plant Systems (APS) Research and Extension Experiences for Undergraduates (REEUs) program provided 23 undergraduates a pathway to work with agricultural science, technology, engineering, and mathematics through plant and soil sciences research and extension programs. To develop the professional skills of interns and guide self‐reflection, weekly Think Tank Sessions were organized to focus on teamwork, time management, decision‐making, and systems thinking. To assess variation in the students’ approach to their work, the Approaches and Study Skills Inventory for Students (ASSIST) was incorporated into program evaluation. Using a pre–post design, students’ agreement with statements reflecting a deep, strategic, or surface approach to their work was measured. T‐tests revealed significant increases in mean scores for subscales measuring Deep Approach, one subscale measuring Strategic Approach, and the subscale measuring fear of failure to reflect the Surface Approach. Increased fear of failure scores may be explained by new experiences working with research, peers, and mentors. Eight of 23 students who participated in a follow‐up survey after the conclusion of the program reported increased knowledge of agricultural careers. Results provided evidence that the APS experience increased student confidence in facing challenges that require deeper and strategic thinking and elevated their attention to monitoring the effectiveness of their decisions and skills.

Ensuring competitiveness in the XXI century: development of organizational skills in the conditions of the Internet economy

The relevance of this study is related to the ongoing changes in the general context and the need to study the sources of competitive advantage in the XXI century. The systematization of goal-setting methods as criteria for the quality of management and the development of organizational abilities is of particular importance in the context of the formation of the Internet economy. To prepare this publication, the works of domestic and foreign scientists and practitioners were used as a theoretical basis. The main method of research is the analysis of sources that reveal the practical features of the development of organizational abilities in the conditions of the formation of the information society. It is revealed that ensuring competitiveness based on organizational abilities correlates with the formation of more innovative development mechanisms. It is noted that the traditional thinking of management can lead to a mismatch of the strategy of the organization and its environment, making it difficult to implement the strategic process.In conclusion, the article presents the main results and formulates brief conclusions of the study, emphasizing the importance of continuing the study of management practices of the XXI century.

Earlier Management Practice and Thinking: Hediya Peoples’ Indigenous Management Philosophy in the Construction of “Mud-Hut” In Central Ethiopia Regional State

The main problems of research are: the impact of social environment on human behaviour has contributed to the debate against the management view of universal applicability, and also there are multiple challenges for the African indigenous management theories development. The research aims to have an indigenous management philosophy of the Hediya people in Ethiopia in their mud-hut construction. The study is carried out using the metaphoric method of the qualitative research approach. The researcher collected metaphoric data from the Hediy-nefra of Lemo community where researcher was born, and through his observation while living in his lifetime. The findings include the strongest essence of team work, strategic recruitment and selections, motivating of employees through financial and non-financial factors such as team environment and work design. Particularly, the finding includes: continuing of employees’ benefit for the ex-employees is important not only for them but also for the organisation on the future; employees are enforced to give focus on the work quality not to have current work related benefits but also it is a means of getting employment and finance in the future. In the management idea of Hediya peoples’ indigenous hut building system, the relationship of an organisation with competitors was being practiced positively and helping each other, so that it needs to be enforced. Besides, the good quality of current work will attract a lot of employers other than current workers/organisation with referent of previous hut construction quality. The hut construction concept of Ethiopians’ management practices should be verified.

Mapping Difficulties in Problem-Solving Process During Video-Assisted Self-Regulated Learning Training for Students: Introducing the PS-SOS MAP

In the ever-changing landscape of the Information Age, the development of self-regulated learning (SRL) skills has become increasingly important. Problem-solving is a critical SRL skill, and teachers play a vital role in fostering these abilities among their students. However, learners and teachers face challenges during the problem-solving process and in evaluating its incorporated strategies. To address these issues, this study explored students’ difficulties in problem-solving while implementing a video assisted SRL training program. This program was developed based on an integrative framework to facilitate a structured problem-solving process in disciplinary or generic contexts. The program aimed to activate additional SRL skills, such as time management, feedback, elaboration, and critical thinking, through a digital toolkit of learning support materials. This paper focuses on 241 students’ difficulties identified and classified according to the problem-solving framework that reported by teachers in different disciplines and grades (6-11). The analysis revealed that the most significant difficulties arose during the problem identification, followed by time planning and management, problem exploration, solution development, and solution evaluation. Based on this study, a dedicated map was developed called PS-SOS MAP to identify difficulties in different steps and tasks throughout the problem-solving process. The utilization of this mapping can also aid in the creation of feedback systems based on technology, such as chatbots or virtual assistants, that can provide valuable assistance to students during problem-solving training, facilitating the process of overcoming difficulties.

Historical Insights from the 20th Century on the Art of Leadership Historical Insights from the 20th Century on the Art of Leadership

The dynamic role of modern day leader is the integration of people and strategy as a means to achieve sustainability, cultivating organizational performance in existing business atmosphere. And The art of leadership responds to the fundamental shifts affecting leadership functions. The Art of Leadership is the inherited quality, skill of a leader as means of tackling challenge. As civilization progressed, society became more complex. Therefore, the leaders also needed new sets of skills, capabilities to match the situation. Especially in the 20th century, when drastic evolution occurred due to the industrial revolution and technological advancement, many scholars, researchers in the fields of social science, management thinking, and Leadership began to look into it from different dimensions and perspectives of leadership.

Andragogy of the Transformation of Thinking in Management in the Digital Age

Relevance of the study. Any industrial revolution, any global innovation faces resistance caused by the fundamental properties of the human psyche – a wary attitude to change, fear of introducing innovations, distrust of future uncertainty. The modern stage of society's development is no exception – the transition to digitalization, which has caused hidden and sometimes open Luddism.The purpose of the study is to investigate and analyze trends in managerial thinking in the era of digitalization. In the current business environment, the pressing issue seems to be how to overcome misunderstandings and counteraction to everything that digitalization entails?The results of the study. Analysis of the best global and national practices of digital transformation shows that in order to reduce internal transaction costs, resistance to innovation, it is necessary first to change the way of thinking of enterprise management, business management. The paper briefly discusses the main trends in the management thought of project activities in recent years. It is shown that during the peak of attention to automation information technologies, management efforts were directed to assessing the quality of the final result of the project. The next stage of the analyzed period is characterized by a shift of attention to the quality of processes. And recent trends show the concentration of organizational and methodological resources primarily on the quality of competence of participants in the processes of project activity. In this trend, there has recently been a need to shift attention from technical and contextual competencies (IQ) to behavioral (EQ).

Analysing and Anticipating Conflict Using a Values-Centred Online Survey

The authors present an approach to conceptualising and predicting environmental conflicts in which conflicts are analysed as a continuum of disagreement over values and options. They also operationalise this approach using an online values-centred survey tool, the ‘public-to-public decision support system’ (P2P-DSS). The authors put values and conflict in environmental management into perspective. Next, they review how values are defined in scholarship and operationalised for decision support. The relevance of values research to con-flict management is presented. With reference to a real-world aggregate-mining conflict, the authors demonstrate how P2P-DSS can be used to collect data and categorise conflicts to enhance environmental management decision-making. The authors argue that P2P-DSS has potential to support values-sensitive thinking for environmental conflict management. They then set out research priorities to investigate the theoretical and practical implications of this approach. This work contributes to advancing values research in environmental conflict management and expanding values-based decision-making.

Utilising Shared Service Organisations for dynamic service networks

Collaborative governance which repositions citizens as service co-ordinators - has become an increasingly visible methodology within public organisations. In this new model, service management is dependent upon a complex series of iterative interactions between multiple stakeholders, making the service network is notoriously difficult to manage. Shared Service Organisations (SSOs) - unit(s) within an enterprise that deliver specialized, value-added services across the organization to multiple internal users – are uniquely positioned to understand and manipulate the complex, non-linear, relational nature of collaborative networks and fully harness operant resources for long-term impactful service delivery. Despite significant potential for SSOs within collaborative governance, there is a surprising lack of insight best managerial practices and the effect on staff behaviour, and even more so on the potential of SSOs to manage these networks. This research presents a single in-depth case study with the Project Management Office of an Irish national economic development agency using a Participatory Action Research (PAR) Methodology within a Design Thinking Framework. This allowed the researcher to see and interact with the challenges faced by participants and hone their understanding of influencing factors and contextual considerations. The research identified three key managerial implications. Firstly, explicit actions to establish and maintain a service mindset - which recognises and values operant resources - must be formally implemented into SSO operations. It is not sufficient to for managers to assume staff have a service orientated mindset, particularly when existing organisational processes reinforce old practices through quantifiable, process orientated outputs. Secondly, critical reflection must be formally integrated into management processes and must support the questioning of current operations in an open and frank atmosphere. Formalising time for critical reflection provides staff with opportunities and resources to question old practices and discuss and construct knowledge collaboratively. Thirdly, relational user engagement and communication practices within SSO service strategies must be deliberate and strategic. Due to the integrated nature of SSOs and the collaborative nature of their operations, clear operational and interaction guidelines empowers SSO staff fully harness their strategic role, question high level management and support critical strategic thinking.

Exploration of Optimization Strategies for Economic Management Models of Agricultural-Related Enterprises in the Context of Internet Plus

With the emergence of the Internet Plus concept, numerous entities in traditional industries have embarked on a path of transformation, including agricultural-related enterprises. Aimed at achieving sustainable development, agricultural-related enterprises should integrate the characteristics of the “Internet plus” era, shift from traditional economic management thinking, leverage the innovative features of the internet, and explore new directions in the development of economic management for enterprise. This article aims to explore how agricultural-related enterprises can develop in the “Internet Plus” era, analyzing economic management issues from three aspects: systems, structures, and skill levels of management. Finally, it presents targeted optimization strategies.

포도 우수경영체 경영의식구조에 대한 질적 사례연구 : 근거이론 연구방법 접근

포도 우수경영체 경영의식구조에 대한 질적 사례연구 : 근거이론 연구방법 접근

Factors Affecting Systems Thinking Management: Educational Administration, Educational Organization and Educational Leadership

The Influence of Educational Administration, Educational Organization and Educational Leadership on Systems Thinking Management is a scientific article of literature study within the scope of the field of science. The purpose of this article is to build a hypothesis of influence between variables that will be used in future research. Research objects in online libraries, Google Scholar, Mendeley and other academic online media. Research methods with risearch libraries are sourced from e-books and open access e-journals. Qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of this article: 1) Educational Administration influences Management Thinking Systems; 2) Educational organizations influence Management Thinking Systems; and 3) Educational Leadership influences Systems Thinking Management.

ANALYSING THE TIME MANAGEMENT THOUGHTS OF PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS PREPARING FOR KPSS IN TERMS OF DIFFERENT VARIABLES

<p>The aim of this study is to reveal the level of time management thoughts of pre-service teachers preparing for KPSS. For this purpose, the thoughts of the pre-service teachers about time management were analysed in terms of different variables. In the study, survey method from quantitative research was used to determine the situation. In 2019, pre-service teachers in Isparta and Burdur constituted the study group of the research. Voluntary 408 pre-service teachers participated and expressed their opinions. In the scales applied, 60 scales were not included in the evaluation due to the fact that not all of the sections in the personal information section were not filled in, there were items that were not marked in the second section, and there were double markings in the items. As a result, the study group consisted of 348 pre-service teachers. In this study, Personal Information Form and Time Management Scale were used as data collection tools. In the form, questions about the pre-service teachers' gender, age, department, employment status, marital status, and the duration of preparation for the exam were included. The Time Management Scale used in the study was taken from İşcan's (2008) study and adapted to pre-service teachers preparing for KPSS. İşcan translated and adapted the scale developed by Britton and Tesser (1991) into Turkish. In the analysis of the data, frequency and percentage values were found from descriptive statistics. Since the data were normally distributed, Independent Sample t-test was used to analyse the variables consisting of two categories from parametric tests, and One-Way Analysis of Variance was used when there were more than two groups. The significance level was taken as .05. The following results were obtained in the research: pre-service teachers' thoughts about time management were found to be at "medium" level. While there was a significant difference in the pre-service teachers' thoughts about time management according to gender, marital status, duration of preparation for the exam; there was no significant difference according to age, the department they studied, and employment status.</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0089/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>