Management Capacity Research Articles

Connecting the Dots: Are the New Public Management and Policy capacity related?

The New Public Management (NPM) and Policy Capacity (PC) have garnered significant attention in the field of public administration. NPM is frequently associated with market-based reforms and the privatisation of public services, whereas PC pertains to a government's ability to design, implement, and evaluate policies effectively. Despite the vast literature on these concepts, there remains a dearth of studies examining their connection. This paper seeks to bridge this gap by exploring the linkages between NPM and PC. Drawing from a comprehensive review of articles and journals, most studies revealed that the two concepts are indeed related in some way.

Turning every disaster into an opportunity: An exploratory study on refugees’ perceived emergency management capacity and community resilience

This article explores the perceived emergency management capabilities and community resilience among refugees residing in Texas. Adopting the theoretical framework of structural and cognitive social capital, we conducted in-depth interviews with refugees from Afghanistan, Congo, Iran, Myanmar, Somalia, and Thailand. The study identifies the specific needs of the refugee community regarding disaster management and their simultaneous vulnerability and resilience. Based on our research findings, we suggest that local disaster management agencies identify and collaborate with the community leaders in refugee communities to efficiently achieve their communication goals, strengthen refugees' community resilience, and better integrate refugee communities into the local community's resilience development.

Cultivating Innovative Employees: The Influence of Regulatory Focus and Institutional Empowerment.

The relationship between regulatory focus, a pivotal trait, and innovative behavior has been long recognized, with previous scholars often emphasizing the reluctance of individuals possessing a prevention focus to engage in innovation due to their risk-averse tendencies. This study introduces a research model proposing that the relationship between promotion focus, prevention focus, and innovation behavior, is positively mediated by knowledge sharing. Additionally, institutional empowerment is posited as a moderating variable that enhances the positive relationship between regulatory focus and knowledge sharing. Empirical investigation of a moderated-mediation model reveals that the impact of regulatory focus on innovation behaviors is mediated by knowledge sharing, with this mediation being more pronounced under conditions of elevated perceptions of institutional empowerment. This research significantly advances the understanding of regulatory focus and its implications for innovation behavior. In addition, it highlights the significance of institutional empowerment as a boundary condition that encourages individuals with diverse regulatory focus to expand their behavioral boundaries. It specifically emphasizes the managerial capacity to leverage the needs and motivations of individuals with a pronounced prevention focus through institutional empowerment, resulting in transformative outcomes even in unfavorable situations.

Accessing the impact of farmers’ awareness level and risk management perception on agriculture insurance satisfaction: Mediating role of non-financial satisfaction

Despite the government’s financial support and promotion by the regulator, the agriculture insurance market is still in the nascent stage in Nepal. The paper aims to examine how awareness level and risk management perception affect the farmers’ satisfaction, taking non-financial satisfaction as a mediating factor. The study was conducted in two metropolitan cities, Pokhara and Bharatpur, in Nepal. Cluster and purposive sampling design was applied to select the respondents. Opinions were obtained through the structured questionnaire from 400 farmers with experience in agriculture insurance. The survey instrument had two parts. The first part was related to demographic information, while the second part measured attitude to risk management, clients’ awareness of insurance, financial satisfaction, and non-financial satisfaction. Almost three forth of the respondents (74.75%) were males and more than half (52%) possessed more than 8 ropani of land. Descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling were used to arrive at conclusions. The results revealed that respondents’ awareness toward agriculture insurance is the most agreed construct (mean = 4.35), followed by financial satisfaction (mean = 3.88), non-financial satisfaction (mean = 3.70), and risk management attitude (mean = 3.5). Although the results did not confirm the mediating effect of non-financial satisfaction on financial contentment and awareness level, a partial mediation effect exists between risk management attitude and financial satisfaction. Financial serenity and non-financial gratification have the strongest association. This study suggests executives and regulators expand risk management capacity and awareness initiatives to increase client satisfaction and loyalty to crop insurance. AcknowledgmentThe University Grants Commission, Nepal, is acknowledged for the financial support to conduct the study under the FRG MGMT 4-2019/20. The support of MBA students Mr. Dhan Bahadur Jagari and Lalit Bahadur Shahi is highly appreciated for their fieldwork as enumerators.

Developing good practices and organisational resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic: A retrospective qualitative case study in a higher education institution

The COVID-19 pandemic prompted authorities to enforce social restrictions and business closures, severely affecting the education sector and disrupting academic continuity. While existing studies have primarily focused on the evolution of learning environments, student and academic resilience, and educational policy responses, limited attention has been given to organisational resilience in higher education institutions.This paper addresses this gap by examining the impacts of the pandemic and organisational resilience components within a university of applied sciences. Using Chronicle Workshops and semi-structured interviews, this case study spans from the onset of the pandemic in March 2020 to June 2022, scrutinising the effects on various professions, including top and middle management, teachers, scientific, administrative, and technical staff.Key events included the initial lockdown and the subsequent shift to telework. Social tension during the implementation of COVID-19 certificates emerged as a noteworthy factor. The paper identifies best practices, including anticipative exchanges, investments in occupational health and safety, top-down crisis management, collegial decision-making, technology integration into work processes, creative pedagogical and assessment methods, leadership based on trust and autonomy, self-management, and a strong sense of solidarity. Recommendations for improvement encompass addressing siloed functioning, enhancing crisis communication, prioritising health and safety under normal circumstances, reflecting on technology’s limits in teaching, recognising commitment and skills, ensuring decision transparency, and providing post-crisis support.These findings underscore the significance of considering both social and technical aspects in organisational responses to crises like the pandemic. Strengthening managerial capacity to support staff is crucial for enhancing resilience against future threats.

Explainable profit-driven hotel booking cancellation prediction based on heterogeneous stacking-based ensemble classification

The goal of hotel booking cancellation prediction in the hospitality industry is to identify potential cancellations from a large customer base and improve the efficiency of customer retention and capacity management efforts. Whilst prior research has shown that the predictive performance of hotel booking cancellation prediction can be further enhanced by integrating multiple classifiers, the explainability of such models is limited due to low interpretability and limited alignment with company goals. To address this limitation, we propose a novel heterogeneous linear stacking ensemble classifier for profit-driven hotel booking cancellation prediction. It enhances classifier explainability by (1) making models more accountable by axing model training towards profitability and (2) complementing models by global post-hoc model interpretation strategies. Through experiments based on real-world datasets, our proposed classification framework is demonstrated to lead to greater profits than other profit-oriented predictive models. Moreover, an in-depth interpretability analysis demonstrates the framework's ability to identify critical factors significantly impacting hotel cancellations, providing valuable insights for retention campaigns.

Directions of scientific research and legal acts on the managerial capacity of executive authorities

The article deals with the problem of forming the management capacity of executive authorities. The author analyzes scientific works and regulatory legal acts of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine on the efficiency of executive authorities and public administration reform. The author establishes the mutual correspondence between the areas of scientific research and the areas of practical implementation of state programs. The main directions of formation of managerial capacity are identified: regulatory, institutional, personnel management, mechanisms and procedures of managerial activity, interaction of executive authorities with the public, communication and information support, European integration of public administration. The author classifies the areas of scientific research and regulatory legal acts which are united in the imperatives of forming the management capacity of executive authorities. It is emphasized that an integrated approach is required in the formation of the management capacity of executive authorities, taking into account various areas and imperatives. The author emphasizes that a generalized characterization of the directions at the level of concepts or imperatives can serve as a comprehensive approach to the development of conceptual programs for reforming public administration.

Organized Optimization Integration Validation Model for Internet of Things (IoT)-Based Real-Time Applications

Emerging technology like the Internet of Things (IoT) has great potential for use in real time in many areas, including healthcare, agriculture, logistics, manufacturing, and environmental surveillance. Many obstacles exist alongside the most popular IoT applications and services. The quality of representation, modeling, and resource projection is enhanced through interactive devices/interfaces when IoT is integrated with real-time applications. The architecture has become the most significant obstacle due to the absence of standards for IoT technology. Essential considerations while building IoT architecture include safety, capacity, privacy, data processing, variation, and resource management. High levels of complexity minimization necessitate active application pursuits with variable execution times and resource management demands. This article introduces the Organized Optimization Integration Validation Model (O2IVM) to address these issues. This model exploits k-means clustering to identify complexities over different IoT application integrations. The harmonized service levels are grouped as a single entity to prevent additional complexity demands. In this clustering, the centroids avoid lags of validation due to non-optimized classifications. Organized integration cases are managed using centroid deviation knowledge to reduce complexity lags. This clustering balances integration levels, non-complex processing, and time-lagging integrations from different real-time levels. Therefore, the cluster is dissolved and reformed for further integration-level improvements. The volatile (non-clustered/grouped) integrations are utilized in the consecutive centroid changes for learning. The proposed model’s performance is validated using the metrics of execution time, complexity, and time lag.

A Machine Learning-Based Forecast Model for Career Planning in Human Resource Management: A Case Study of the Turkish Post Corporation

In sustainable and competitive business management, it is crucial for organizations to consider organizational change and transformational leadership in human resource (HR) management to adapt to the changes in their environment. This capability enables large-scale enterprises to maintain their presence in an increasingly competitive environment through enhanced management capacity. Enterprises that adopt transformational leadership in HR management must equip leadership candidates with competencies such as creating a shared vision, providing appropriate role models, encouraging the adoption of group goals, meeting high performance expectations, and providing individual support and the development of intellectual stimulation. By identifying potential leadership candidates using a decision support model, the necessary competencies can be developed through in-service training and experiential learning during their careers. Innovative and effective approaches to identifying leadership candidates can be developed by analyzing complex big data using advanced artificial intelligence (AI) techniques. In this article, a forecast model using machine learning (ML) algorithms for a human resource management career planning approach was developed for the Turkish Post Corporation (PTT) and it was tested to predict potential leadership candidates by analyzing the big data of 5000 employees. The Turkish Post Corporation ML algorithms were applied to 100 randomly selected data points using the k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN), Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosting (GB), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithms to predict the types of titles held by the staff employed at PTT. The kNN, GB, RF, and SVM algorithms achieved accuracy rates of 96%, 91%, 73%, and 41%, respectively. The case study results indicate that promotion decisions in large-scale and rooted enterprises can be effectively modeled using big data and ML algorithms, highlighting significant potential for HR management and leadership development practices in the public sector.

Department of Trade and Industry Livelihood Seeding Program- Negosyo Serbisyo Barangay: Insights to Sustainable Policy Directions

The Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) initiated the Livelihood Seeding Program Negosyo Serbisyo Barangay (LSP-NSB) to support Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in disadvantaged areas of the Philippines. This study evaluated the program's progress and challenges faced by identified beneficiaries in Capiz province, aligning their experiences with the five strategic objectives of MSME Development Plan 2017-2022: improved business climate, access to finance, enhanced management and labor capacities, access to technology and innovation, and access to markets. The study offered evidence-based policy recommendations to enhance program efficiency and foster inclusive economic growth. This analyzed respondent and business profiles to recognize program implementation and challenges. It investigated if there is a significant link between implementation status and challenges faced by MSME beneficiaries. A descriptive-mixed method research design was employed, utilizing a validated and reliability-tested researcher-made survey questionnaire translated into the local dialect and conducted to 263 MSME beneficiaries, complemented by Focused Group Discussion, involving DTI implementers, beneficiaries, and barangay officials. Results showed that beneficiaries viewed the program as highly implemented overall, though facing moderate challenges, particularly in the business climate, access to finance, enhanced management and labor capacities, technology and innovation, and market access. Factors like educational attainment, number of dependents, business location, monthly income, and livelihood kit received affected the implementation. Similarly, number of dependents, industry sector, location of business, asset size, monthly income, and livelihood kit received impact challenges. A significant relationship was found between program status and challenges, notably in the business climate and market access.

Tracking the adoption of sustainable trash disposal practices: Evidence from Benin’s waste management amid urbanization

This paper empirically investigates trash disposal practices among internal migrants in cities in Benin, a representative African country undergoing rapid urbanization. Compared to existing residents, Benin's new urban populations are less likely to dispose of trash sustainably, which is defined as trash disposal through formal collection services. Using Benin census data, this paper employs various linear and non-linear regression models to show that new urban residents experience “environmental assimilation” by progressively adopting the approach to trash disposal through formal collection services over time. In the long run, they may develop similar trash disposal practices compared to existing residents. Moreover, we use similar regression models to show that socioeconomic factors (e.g., education) are unlikely to account for their assimilation, and this assimilation pattern is mostly observed in larger cities, which have sufficient capacity for waste management. Small cities with rapidly growing populations show a significantly lower proportion of trash disposal through collection services among newly arrived migrants, as well as weak or no signs of their environmental assimilation over time.

Developing environmental, social and governance (ESG) strategies on evaluation of municipal waste disposal centers: A case of Mexico

Waste disposal systems are crucial components of environmental management, and focusing on this sector can contribute to the development of various other sectors and improve social welfare. Urban waste is no longer solely an environmental issue; it now plays a significant role in the economy, energy, and value creation, with waste disposal centers (WDCs) being a key manifestation. The purpose of this study is to measure the performance of WDCs in the state of Nuevo León, Mexico, with the aim of developing environmental, social, and governance (ESG) strategies to strengthen and prepare the WDCs for the industrial developments in this state. By identifying environmental variables and undesirable factors, the efficiency and managerial capacity of 32 WDCs were assessed. The analysis revealed that 9 out of the 32 WDCs are technically efficient, while the remaining 23 require significant improvements. Using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) technique, an average efficiency score of 0.91 was found, with a standard deviation of 0.08. The managerial capacity analysis indicated that the highest-ranked WDC achieved an efficiency score of 1, whereas the lowest-ranked WDC scored 0.67. Finally, an operational map of development strategies was developed using the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) and Matrix Impact Cross-Reference Multiplication Applied to a Classification (MICMAC) approach. The results indicate that four phases of development should be followed for real development and maturity of development in these WDCs, including Groundwork, Structuring, Development and Growth, and Smart Maturity.

IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN DESENTRALISASI DALAM MENINGKATKAN EFEKTIVITAS PEMERINTAHAN DAERAH DI INDONESIA

This research aims to analyze the implementation of decentralization policies in Indonesia and their impact on the effectiveness of regional government. This study uses a qualitative approach with case study methods in several areas. Data was collected through observation and document analysis. The research results show that decentralization has increased community participation and regional government responsiveness, although there are still obstacles such as human resource capacity and budget management. This research provides recommendations for improving the implementation of decentralization policies in order to increase the effectiveness of regional government.

Budget politics in Indonesia

Budget politics in Indonesia is a very complex process, ranging from central to local government. The budget planning process involves planning, approving, executing, and evaluating, all of which require close coordination and cooperation between institutions. The main challenges in Indonesia's budget politics are the misallocation of funds, inequality between regions, growing debt, inflation, and unstable prices. The economic implications of inefficient budget politics are far-reaching. Imbalances between revenues and expenditures can increase the debt burden and interest costs, reducing the space for productive public spending. Inequalities in budget allocations can slow economic growth and increase social inequality. In addition, uneven financial decentralization exacerbates inequality between regions. Inflation rates fuelled by increased public spending without an increase in goods and services can reduce people's purchasing power. Budget policy uncertainty also brings uncertainty for investors, which can reduce private investment and hamper economic growth. Overall, reforms in the budget distribution process, improved financial management capacity, and a commitment to inclusive and data-driven policies are urgently needed. These measures are essential to meet the challenges and ensure sustainable and equitable development for all Indonesians.

Variations, effectiveness and its associated factors of a nationwide web-based hypertension management training project in China: insights from a government-led campaign for 1.2 million lay health workers.

To evaluate the effectiveness of a large-scale, web-based, in-service hypertension management training project among lay health workers (LHWs) at primary care health (PHC) settings in China, and to examine the factors contributing to the variations of effectiveness. We used data from a web-based national hypertension management training project implemented in 2018, it was designed to facilitate LHWs to learn, understand, and apply the relevant knowledge and skills in hypertension management through providing training courses by use of the web-based platform with unified standards. All LHWs were required to participate in the exams before and after training to acquire scores for the use of evaluating their performance of hypertension management knowledge. We first used descriptive analysis to present the variations of effectiveness in hypertension management knowledge among LHWs by important subgroups. Afterwards, we used multilevel logistic regression to examine the individual and regional factors contributing to the variations and quantify the magnitude of how these factors affected training effectiveness. There were 1,208,610 LHWs who completed training and were certificated. Nationally, the scores of LHWs increased significantly from 62.87 ± 21.14 out of 100 in the pre-test to 88.30 ± 11.31 in the post-test by 25.43 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 25.40-25.47). Training contents involved in antihypertensive medication showed the lowest score (54.36) in the pre-test and soared the most after training, up to 84.22 by 54.94%. Individual factors associated with disparities in the knowledge of hypertension management decreased substantially after training, which included sex, age, education, practice type, professional level, and hierarchy of working institutions. Geographical variations were shown at the provincial level, with the majority of them being explained by factors at the regional level. Accessible web-based training modality, government efforts, accompanied with experiences derived from the training, could be generalized to other low- and middle-income countries in facilitating the hypertension management capacity of LHWs. Localization and evaluation is warranted on the way to its further application.

Enhancing the adaptive capacity of fisheries to climate change: Bridging academic theory and management practice through practitioner interviews

Climate change is dramatically altering the environmental context in which marine resources are harvested and managed. A growing field of academic literature has begun to explore the adaptive capacity of fishers and managers to respond to this change, but much of this field is abstract and theory-driven. Therefore, it is unclear whether this literature accurately reflects the adaptation priorities of fishery management practitioners, or whether there are gaps in the literature that these practitioners could fill with on-the-ground knowledge. Second, even if these principles of adaptive capacity are perfectly aligned with management practitioners’ priorities, it is unclear to what extent these principles are actively considered in the decision making process, and if not, why. This study seeks to address these questions by confronting fisheries professionals with academic ideas around adaptive capacity through a series of semi-structured interviews with federal fishery managers and scientists whose work informs decision making in the United States regional fishery management system. The study then uses these interviews to identify three low-cost, high-impact action items that could make concepts from the academic literature more accessible and useful to these practitioners and expand the literature by incorporating practitioners’ expertise. These action items are: 1) distinguish adaptive capacity from adaptive management, 2) use practitioner insights to contextualize the elements of adaptive capacity within the constraints and opportunities of governance systems, and 3) expand academic research to explicitly consider the capacity to adapt on appropriate timelines given the scale and pace of systemic change.

Irrigation modernization in the Ebro – Aragón region of Spain: Past and future trends

Irrigation modernization has been analyzed in the part of the Aragón region within the Ebro River Basin, in northeastern Spain. A geodatabase was built with 1144 irrigation cartographical units (ICUs) adding up to 476 k ha with access to water and equipped with on-farm irrigation hardware. ICUs were classified in eight categories related to irrigation modernization. The classification revealed that in the past two decades an integral irrigation modernization was achieved in 103 k ha. In a second modernization, 13 k ha were transformed to reduce their dependence on grid energy. A third type of modernization, oriented to the digitalization of irrigation management processes, is only incipient at this time. Public investments in modernization during this period were estimated at 36.8 M€/year. This intense, publicly co-funded, policy-driven process will be far from sufficient to complete the modernization of all irrigated land in the study area in another twenty-year period. In a concurrent process, obsolete, socially unfavored and structurally deficient irrigated areas are being abandoned for irrigation and even for farming. Specific indicators were proposed to approach the abandonment process, revealing that irrigation intensity in temperate climate, riparian ICUs was only 20 %. Irrigation in the study area needs to progress towards sustainable intensification, concentrating agricultural production in areas equipped with the technology and the water management capacities required to face the current agronomical and environmental challenges. The on-going processes of irrigation modernization, new irrigation developments and irrigation abandonment should be coordinated to serve this purpose.

Comparing resilience strategies for a multistage green supply chain to mitigate disruptions: A two-stage stochastic optimization model

Supply chain disruptions, notably exemplified by the COVID-19 pandemic, have substantial impacts, requiring effective resilience strategies. This study introduces a comprehensive multi-stage, multi-period green supply chain design model, incorporating six resilience strategies to tackle downstream and upstream disruptions. A rigorous two-stage stochastic optimization approach is employed to manage parameter uncertainties and disruptions. The objectives include minimizing disruption costs and CO2 emissions, for a chain that operates under cap-and-trade emission regulation. The findings, derived from a numerical experiment and sensitivity analysis, offer the optimal supply chain structure and effective resilience strategies to mitigate disruptions. The demand structure for essential and non-essential products during disruptions are explored, emphasizing proactive resource allocation. In particular, the impact of facility capacity reductions underscores the importance of capacity management. Sensitivity analyses reflect the trade-offs involved in capacity management strategies, emphasizing the critical need to maintain an optimal level of capacity to prevent service level degradation. Additionally, examination of carbon abatement regulations reveals the intricate balance between environmental responsibility and economic efficiency. In summary, this study addresses supply chain disruptions and offers actionable insights for supply chain managers and policy makers. The research highlights the importance of specific and data-driven resilience strategies to optimize supply chain performance in face of disruptions.

PENGELOLAAN SDM UMKM DI ERA DIGITAL PADA PULAU HARAPAN, KEPULAUAN SERIBU

Effective and adaptive management of Human Resources (HR) to the development of digital technology is the key to the success of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the modern era. Harapan Island, one of the islands in the Thousand Islands, DKI Jakarta, has great economic potential, especially from the MSME sector. However, limitations in human resource management and the use of digital technology are the main challenges for the growth and sustainability of MSMEs in this region. This community service activity aims to increase the capacity of MSME human resource management on Harapan Island through the application of digital technology. This program includes training and assistance in the use of digital tools for human resource management, the development of basic digital skills for MSME actors, and increasing digital literacy among MSME workers. The methodology used includes workshops, intensive training sessions, and direct mentoring in the field. It is hoped that through this program, MSMEs on Harapan Island can optimize their human resource management, improve operational efficiency, and expand market reach through digital technology. In addition, this program also aims to build awareness and better understanding of the importance of digitalization in business management. Thus, MSMEs on Harapan Island can develop better and contribute more significantly to the local economy and the welfare of the local community.

Developing project-based supplier relations in a programmatic multi-project context: an exemplary case study from the construction industry

PurposeThe aim of this research is to explore how a programmatic multi-project context influences project-based firms (PBFs) in organizing their relations with other PBFs and suppliers in a project-based industry.Design/methodology/approachA multiple case study research is conducted. Data are collected from two case studies in the construction infrastructure sector. Eleven interviews with contractors and other suppliers are the primary source of data collection. The data are complemented by procurement documents and expert consultations.FindingsThe findings show that within a programmatic multi-project context, PBFs settle relations with (1) key partners for program management capacity, PBFs establish relations with (2) main contractors to divide projects and (innovation) tasks, and PBFs intensify relations with (3) suppliers to ensure continuity and expertise.Research limitations/implicationsThe study contributes to the body of project management literature by exploring PBF’s relations with other PBFs and suppliers in a multi-project context. Based on empirical data, the study provides a distinction in layers presenting distinct levels of PBF’s supplier relations. This layer structure provides an excellent starting point for future studies exploring the program perspective of PBFs in the integrated supply chain.Originality/valueGiven the increase in programmatic multi-project context for project-based domains, discussed in both literature and practice, this study explores the effect of programs on relations of PBFs with other PBFs and suppliers. The study distinguishes PBF’s relations with the different suppliers in three layers and discusses the characteristics of these relations.