Male Junior High School Students Research Articles

Hypertension in children and adolescents: perspectives in Japan.

Hypertension in children and adolescents is associated with increased risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adulthood. Therefore, preventing hypertension among children and adolescents is an important public health objective worldwide. Although the importance of hypertension in children and adolescents has increasingly been recognized, the field of research is relatively new and evidence for etiologies, prevention and treatment is sparse. This review mainly summarizes the content regarding hypertension in children and adolescents published in Hypertension Research in 2023/24. Highlights include the following: The prevalence of hypertension was higher in female than male Japanese junior high school students (13.7% vs. 4.7%), but there was no significant gender difference among Japanese senior high school students (7.4% vs. 5.4%). Hematological parameters, including red blood cell counts, hemoglobin counts, hematocrit and iron levels, were positively associated with blood pressure (BP) levels in healthy children and adolescents. Higher-risk longitudinal BP trajectories in early life were associated with increased risk of target organ damage (TOD) and higher combined TOD load in midlife. BP phenotypes (e.g., masked hypertension, white-coat hypertension) assessed using office and 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring were not highly reproducible in children. The salt check sheet was a useful tool for evaluating the approximate dietary salt intake in Japanese children and adolescents. It is recommended that healthcare providers screen for hypertension in children and adolescents and recognize the importance of early intervention for those with elevated BP levels. Beginning in childhood, continuous education on hypertension and proper dietary salt intake are key to reducing the risk of hypertension and decreasing the burden of CVD in adulthood.

The effect of ladder drill exercises on some physical abilities in male junior high school students

This study aimed to determine the effect of ladder drill 1 foot in each on the upper and lower extremities training carried out for 8 weeks on strength, speed, power, and agility. The type of the study was a quasi-experimental. Ladder drill exercises were carried out with an intensity of 80-90% HRmax, a frequency of 3x/week, for 8 weeks. Strength was measured using back and leg dynamometers, power was measured using the Force Plate/Accupower Test, speed with the 30-meter Running Speed Test, and agility with the Side Step Test. For statistical analysis, the researcher used the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 21. The significance level was established at 0.05. The results of the analysis comparing pretest to posttest strength were as follows: strength pretest vs posttest (78.00±21.69 vs 122.10±22.16 seconds; p=0.000). For power, the comparison between pretest and posttest showed (42.40±11.92 vs 60.72±22.16 Joules; p=0.338). In terms of speed, the pretest vs posttest results were (5.13±0.24 vs 5.19±0.23 seconds; p=0.000), and for agility, the comparison between pretest and posttest revealed (15.00±4.35 vs 22.60±3.86 seconds; p=0.000). Executing ladder drill exercises at an intensity ranging from 80-90% of the maximum heart rate (HRmax), with a frequency of three times per week over an eight-week period, resulted in enhanced strength, speed, and agility among male junior high school students. Nevertheless, there was no notable impact observed in the power variable.

Effects of Taekwondo Poomsae Training on Lower Limb Reaction Ability and Balance Performance in Adolescents

<p>背景：學習跆拳道運動有助於兒童與青少年成長與體適能表現，但學習跆拳道品勢的研究較少，因此本研究希望了解學習跆拳道品勢訓練後的身體適能表現。目的：探討從事8週跆拳道品勢訓練後，對國中少年下肢爆發力、反應能力與平衡能力的影響。方法：招募未有運動習慣及跆拳道訓練經驗之男性國中生16名，隨機分配實驗組 (n = 8)(參與學校體育課程+跆拳道品勢訓練)，控制組 (n = 8)(學校體育課程)，進行8週的訓練課程。訓練前後進行身高體重及腿長測量、動態平衡能力、反應能力及下肢爆發力的測驗，並以混合設計二因子變異數分析，比較兩組別反應能力與平衡能力之差異，當交互作用達顯著時，以LSD法進行事後比較。以獨立樣本t檢定考驗實驗組與訓練組進步百分比是否有達顯著性，並以皮爾森績差相關分析與受試者下肢平衡能力與反應能力的相關性。結果：實驗組與控制組在爆發力與平衡表現上組別因子上達到顯著差異 (p < .05) 且實驗組與控制組進步百分比也達顯著差異 (p < .05)。反應能力組別因子與時間因子未達顯著差異 (p > .05)，進步百分比也未達顯著差異 (p >.05)。訓練前反應能力與平衡表現為低度相關 (r = .352 , p = .10)，訓練後反應能力與平衡表現之間達中度相關 (r = .665，p < .05)。結論：跆拳道品勢訓練可以顯著提升國中少年的下肢爆發力與下肢平衡能力。爆發力、反應能力、平衡表現進步幅度都大於控制組。訓練後反應能力與平衡表現之間存在相關性，可能是跆拳道品勢訓練提升了學童身體協調與感覺統合。未來可針對不同跆拳道訓練方式與不同年齡層了解訓練與身體發展的差異。</p> <p> </p><p>Background: Learning Taekwondo can contribute to the growth and physical fitness performance of children and adolescents. However, there is limited research on learning Taekwondo Poomsae. Therefore, this study aims to understand the impact of learning Taekwondo Poomsae on physical fitness performance. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 8 weeks of Taekwondo Poomsae training on lower limb explosive strength, reaction ability, and balance in junior high school adolescents. Methods: Sixteen male junior high school students with no prior sports experience or Taekwondo training were recruited. The participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n = 8) (participating in school physical education classes plus Taekwondo Poomsae training) or the control group (n = 8) (participating only in school physical education classes). Both groups underwent an 8-week training program. Before and after the training, all participants underwent measurements of height, weight, leg length, dynamic balance ability, reaction ability, and lower limb explosive strength. The participants’ data were analyzed using a mixed-design two-factor analysis of variance to compare the differences in reaction ability and balance ability between the two groups. When the interaction effect was significant, post hoc comparisons were performed using the LSD method. Independent sample t-test was used to test the significance of improvement percentage between the experimental and control groups. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between lower limb balance ability and reaction ability. Results: The experimental group showed significant differences in explosive strength and balance performance compared to the control group (p < .05). Moreover, the improvement percentages in both explosive strength and balance performance were significantly different between the two groups (p < .05). However, there were no significant differences in reaction ability between groups or in the improvement percentage (p > .05). Before the training, there was a low correlation between reaction ability and balance performance (r = .352, p =.10). After the training, there was a moderate correlation between reaction ability and balance performance (r = .665, p < .05). Conclusion: Taekwondo Poomsae training can significantly improve lower limb explosive strength and balance in junior high school adolescents. The improvement in explosive strength, reaction ability, and balance performance was greater in the experimental group than the control group. The correlation between reaction ability and balance performance after training suggests that Taekwondo Poomsae training may enhance the students’ body coordination and sensory integration. Future studies could explore the differences in training and physical development across different Taekwondo training methods and age groups.</p> <p> </p>

Differences in stress levels between junior high school students and college students during online learning

Differences in stress levels between junior high school students and college students during online learning

PS-BPC11-2: PEDIATRIC BLOOD PRESSURE CATEGORY PREDICTS LONGITUDINAL VARIABILITY IN BLOOD PRESSURE IN YOUTH

Objectives: In order to identify risk factors that cause elevated blood pressure during adolescence, we aimed to evaluate the predictive effect of childhood factors on longitudinal variability of individual blood pressure during youth. Methods: Childhood data were obtained from medical checkups of Japanese male and female junior high school students aged 12–13 years during the period from 2009 to 2010. Childhood measurements were height, body weight, body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressures, complete blood counts, uric acid, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Childhood blood pressure was categorized as normal, elevated blood pressure, or hypertension according to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) clinical practice guideline. Linear mixed-effects models for repeated measures were used to estimate the effect of baseline childhood factors on longitudinal changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Results: A total of 1304 participants were followed up to the 10th year. At baseline, the mean age was 12.6 years [SD, 0.3] and 26.2% were female. Among male participants, 6.3% were categorized as having elevated blood pressure and 8.8% were categorized as having hypertension, while among female participants 6.1% were categorized as having elevated blood pressure and 8.5% were categorized as having hypertension. Boys in the hypertension category had higher BMI, higher uric acid, and lower HDLC compared with those in the normal blood pressure category, but this trend was not statistically significant in girls. Of each childhood factor, the baseline blood pressure category according to AAP clinical practice guideline fit best with longitudinal changes in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the linear mixed-effects models. Conclusion: These results suggest that the AAP pediatric blood pressure category is the strongest predictor of longitudinal variability in individual blood pressure in youth.

Effects of social cognitive enhancement with family involvement program on game addictive prevention in male junior high school students

Effects of social cognitive enhancement with family involvement program on game addictive prevention in male junior high school students

Keterpaparan Program GenRe (Generasi Berencana) dan Perilaku Pacaran Remaja Jawa Timur, Indonesia

Background: According to Population and Family Planning Agency (BKKBN), adolescents are aged 10-24 years and are not married. Indonesian Basic Health Research (RISKESDAS) 2018 showed around 58.8% of adolescents aged 10-19 years had been married and had had a pregnancy. The Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (SDKI) results revealed that risk behavior among male junior and senior high school students was around 8.06%, and female were 4.17%. This study aimed to determine the correlation between the Planning Generation (GenRe) Program knowledge and adolescents’ characteristics with dating experience in East Java Province. Method: This research was a cross-sectional study. Secondary data were collected from the 2019 Program Performance and Accountability Survey (SKAP) and were analyzed descriptively with cross-tabulation and chi-square tests. The risk estimate calculation was also carried out to identify the Odd Ratio (OR). The sample used was 5,300 adolescents in East Java Province after weighting. The research variables consisted of dating behavior in adolescents, age, gender, and adolescents' knowledge about GenRe, HIV/AIDS, drugs, and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and Adolescent Reproductive Health Program.Results: The results showed that 41.80% of adolescents in East Java had dated. There was a significant correlation between dating behavior with adolescents’ knowledge about GenRe, HIV/AIDS, drugs, and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and Adolescent Reproductive Health Program (P-Value = 0.00). Dating behavior also had a significant correlation with age (P-Value = 0.00) and gender (P-Value = 0.00). This study concluded that there was a correlation between dating behavior in adolescents in East Java Province with age, gender, and adolescents’ knowledge about GenRe, HIV/AIDS, drugs, Sexually Transmitted Infection (STIs), and Adolescent Reproductive Health Program. They were strengthening the GenRe program through the introduction, explanation of program activities, and the process of youth involvement. So far, teenagers only know the name of the GenRe program. This action needs to be applied to prevent negative effects caused by dating behavior, such as premarital sex, unwanted pregnancy, and early marriage.

Studentsand#39; learning interest in langga traditional martial arts

Langga is a traditional martial art located in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia. This study aims to survey students' interest in learning the traditional Langga martial arts. The sample of this study is the sample in this study as many as 200 male and female junior high school students who were taken through certain considerations in the Province of Gorontalo, Indonesia. The method of collecting data in this study was through a questionnaire distributed through a Google form consisting of 10 questions. The result is that respondents do not know Langga either directly or indirectly. However, respondents still want the Langga martial arts to be sustainable, even if it should be taught to local content in schools.

Perbedaan Tingkat Kebugaran Jasmani Siswa SMP Berdasarkan Letak Geografis

Differences in a person's geographical location can determine the level of physical activity, so that it can be a picture to balance the physical activity of the two places. The purpose of this study was to compare the fitness and physical strength of junior high school students living in low and highlands. This research uses an observational study method, where all subjects will be taken data at one time. 30 male junior high school students with an average age of 13.48 0.79 years, body weight 47.95 ± 4.48 kg and height 157.94 ± 4.99 cm participated in this study. where the total subject will be divided into 2 groups consisting of 15 junior high school students from the lowlands and 15 junior high school students from the highlands. The results showed that the fitness status and physical strength of junior high school students living in highlands had good scores when compared to students living in lowlands. Thus it can be concluded that a person's geographical location affects a person's fitness. These findings can be used as consideration for teachers at schools in order to balance the fitness status of students who live at low altitudes so that they can have good physique like students who live at high altitudes.

MALE AND FEMALE EFL JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION ON THE USE OF MIND MAPPING METHOD TO INCREASE SPEAKING ABILITY

This study investigated perception of male and female junior high school students’ on mind mapping method employing qualitative method. Classroom observation was used to get perception of male and female students before conducting the questionnaire. Interview was administered to 2 male and 2 female students from 20 students. The findings revealed that: 1) the male and female students perceived mind mapping method interesting to increase speaking ability; 2) female students were more active and enthusiastic in learning process to increase speaking ability than male; 3) female students submitted a better results of the assignments given by their teacher in effort to increase speaking ability by using mind mapping method; 4) mapping method is very helpful to increase speaking ability of male and female junior high school. This study suggests that the teacher should master and have a better understanding of mind mapping method with the purpose of equipping students various knowledge and English interest to increase their speaking ability. Keywords: gender, mind mapping, perception, speaking ability,

ASSOCIATION OF CHILDHOOD PHYSICAL EXAMINATION AND LABORATORY PARAMETERS WITH HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE IN JAPANESE YOUNG ADULTS

Objective: We aimed to identify childhood risk factors for high blood pressure (BP) in young adults. Design and method: Childhood data were obtained from medical checkups of Japanese male and female junior high school students aged 12-13 years during the period from 2008 to 2009. Childhood variables were sex, body weight, body mass index (BMI), systolic BP, complete blood count, uric acid, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol. The 1129 participants were followed up for average 8.6 years with a range of 6.0 to 9.0 years. High BP was defined as elevated BP and hypertension of ACC/AHA BP category (systolic BP 120 mmHg or more and/or diastolic BP 80 mmHg or more). Results: At the follow-up, the prevalence of high BP was 42.2% in male young adults and 7.7% in female young adults. The mean systolic/diastolic BP was 117.8 [SD, 10.1] / 63.6 [SD, 6.1] mmHg in men and 105.2 [SD, 9.6] / 59.6 [SD, 5.5] mmHg in women. Univariable logistic regression analysis showed that systolic BP (odds ratio 1.56), body weight (1.50), uric acid (1.38), and red blood cell (1.31) at childhood baseline were significantly associated with high BP in male young adult, whereas variables associated with high BP were not found in female young adults because few women developed high BP. A logistic regression analysis with the stepwise method indicated that the regression model including systolic BP, body weight, WBC, platelet count, and uric acid had a high prediction power for high BP in male young adults (Area under curve 0.660, p < 0.001). Conclusions: These results suggest that childhood medical checkup information including BP, anthropometric data, and laboratory parameter can contribute to the prediction of future high BP in young adults.

The Relationship of Peer Group and Perception with the Intention of Smoking in Young Men

The prevalence of smoking among adolescents increases annually. Smoking behavior in males is a behavior that is considered normal by the people of Indonesia, and even smoking behavior in males is regarded as a symbol of virility. Smoking intentions that occur in adolescents are caused by factors from inside and outside the individual. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relations of peer groups and perceptions with the intention of smoking in male students. This research used a correlational design with a cross-sectional approach. Respondents in this research were male students of class VII and VIII in junior high school. The population in this research was 535 male junior high school students, taken using the cluster random sampling technique, and obtained a total sample of 186 junior high school students. Independent variables of this research were peer groups and perception. The dependent variable was the intention to smoke. Data was collected using questionnaires and analyzed by Spearman’s Rho with a significance level of a = 0.05. The results showed a significant relationship between peer groups (p = 0.000) and perceptions (p = 0.000) of smoking in adolescents. The more negative peer group and perception, it would increase smoking intentions. Researchers expected to conduct further research among young women. Also, it is necessary to modify the questionnaire, which can cover all components but with smaller numbers of questionnaires and provided the nursing intervention to adolescents in a better direction.

The Lived Experience of Male Junior High School Students with an Emphasis on Providing a Curriculum Model

PurposeThe primary objective of this study was to analyze the lived experiences of male first grade high school students regarding sex education with an emphasis on providing a curriculum model.MethodologyThe method of the present study was qualitative-phenomenological and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the study was the male high school students of Isfahan in the academic year of 2018-19, who were interviewed by semi-structured and in-depth interviews with 17 of them by purposeful sampling method until they reached theoretical saturation. Data analysis was performed at three levels of open, axial and selective coding. To validate the findings, the researcher and colleagues first reviewed the entire coding process and then provided it to 6 professors and experts. Satisfactory and approved.FindingsThe findings were classified into two main categories which are: “Objectives” and “Content”. Regarding the “Objectives” group, 4 main components (being familiar with the type of dressing and hijab, sexual recognition, responsibilities related to sexual functions, and prevention of sexual deviations) and 18 sub-components in terms of the content of the curriculum based on sexual education, 6 components (reproduction, sexual relationships, sexual maturity, sexual abuse, sexual health, and sexual information references) and 23 sub-components were obtained.ConclusionAccording to the present data, it may be stated that based on the studentschr('39') viewpoint, recognizing sexual issues is considered to be a need that should be adequately addressed and understood during the educational period at school.

Mathematical Representation of Middle School Students in Solving Fractional Problems Based on Sex Difference

Mathematics is one of the subjects taught in schools from elementary education to higher education, in which mathematics cannot be separated from the problem-solving activities. This is because the problem-solving activities is one of the most important skills taught to students early, as a preparation to face problems in the future. Fraction is one material that has a relatively difficult and challenging concept for students. This study aims to describe the students’ representation of middle school in solving fractional problems based on sex difference used Polya rules. This research is an exploratory research with a qualitative approach that produces descriptive data. This research was conducted on 7th grade students of SMP Negeri 53 Surabaya. Written data was taken from the results of the written test which produced two research subjects. They are one male student and one female student who have a similar mathematical ability. Data collection method used are the test method by giving the task of mathematics and method of interview. The results of the research showed that the mathematical representation of male junior high school students in solving fractions is by presenting the data provided using symbol manipulation and given verbal information with written words or sentences. While the mathematical representation of female junior high school students in solving fraction questions uses more verbal forms or written sentences as explanatory illustrations. So the representation ability of students can be used as a reference to determine the extent to which a student understands a problem at hand.

The Effectiveness of Dialectical Behavior Therapy on the Addiction-prone Male Junior High School Students

The Effectiveness of Dialectical Behavior Therapy on the Addiction-prone Male Junior High School Students

Representasi Matematis Siswa SMP dalam Meyelesaikan Masalah Segiempat Ditinjau dari Perbedaan Jenis Kelamin

Mathematical representation has an important role to help students understand and solve quadrilateral problems in mathematics learning. Students will use different forms of mathematical representation to solve a quadrilateral problem. This allows that the form of mathematical representation used by male and female students is different. The purpose of this study was to describe the mathematical representation of male and female junior high school students in solving quadrilateral problems. This research is classified into descriptive qualitative research using test and interview methods. The results of this study indicate that male students use visual-spatial representations in the form of images to represent an object that is in the problem solving test. In addition, they use visual-spatial representations and formal-notational representations to reveal information about a problem. During the problem solving process, dominant male students use formal-notational representation. They also explained verbally each step of the completion in detail and in order. Dominant female students use formal-notational representation to write information and solve a problem. To represent an object in a problem solving test, they use visual-spatial representations. Female students also use verbal representations to explain each step of solving problems.Keywords: mathematical representation, quadrilateral problems, gender

養護教諭による男子中学生に対する生活分析的カウンセリング適用事例の検討 : 不登校・保健室登校の経過事例から

養護教諭による男子中学生に対する生活分析的カウンセリング適用事例の検討 : 不登校・保健室登校の経過事例から

Prevalence of spinal abnormalities among the male junior high school students of Kermanshah city

Introduction: Skeletal abnormalities affect physical efficiency and fitness during daily life and sports activities. This research was carried out to evaluate different spinal abnormalities of male junior high school students. Methods: The study population comprised of male junior high school students in Kermanshah, Iran, among whom 390 students were selected by cluster sampling. The required data were collected by spinal examination using New York test, Thomas test, Adam’s test, and flexible ruler, and the data of somatotypes were collected by Sheldon method. The obtained data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. Results: The results showed that 18.93% of students were in normal physical condition, and 81.03% of them suffered from at least one kind of abnormality. Among spinal abnormalities, the sway back and flat back abnormalities (2.56%) were found to have the lowest prevalence and right shoulder dropping (65.64%) and hyperlordosis (38.46%) were found to have the highest prevalence. Regarding their body type, 61.8% of the samples were ectomorphic, 21.79% were endomorphic, and 16.41% were mesomorphic. Conclusion: The findings showed a high incidence of abnormalities among students. Although this level of prevalence is less than those of some other societies, it is obviously indicative of a lack of sufficient attention to the physical health of students.

Rank among Peers during Game Competition Affects the Tendency to Make Risky Choices in Adolescent Males

It has been shown that adolescents take more risks when they are with peers than when they are alone, presumably because the presence of peers can be a social reward/punishment that can bias decision making. Competition is inherent in peer interactions, and recent work has demonstrated that winning/losing is an intrinsic social reward/punishment. Taken together, it can be hypothesized that competition amongst peers affects adolescents’ risky behavior. While there is much evidence that status amongst peers can relate to antisocial/aggressive behavior, it remains unclear whether risky behavior is affected. Moreover, the degree to which ‘temporary status,’ such as ranking in a short-term competitive game, affects behavior is uncertain, an important issue because adolescents might be sensitive to situations or factors which potentially destabilize existing hierarchies. In this experiment, these issues were directly explored in the classroom environment using smartphone technology and Wi-Fi setup. Male junior high school students (aged 14–15) performed a roulette game task on smartphones, playing either independently or against five classmates. In the latter case, the students’ current ranks within the group of six were constantly presented on smartphone screens. To dissociate the effects of the students’ reactions to ranks from their actual performances, unknown to the students, the ranks presented were actually predetermined so that about half of the students were continuously presented with high ranks whereas the other half were continuously presented with low ranks. We found that the students presented with low ranks made more risky plays than those not presented with ranks or those presented with high ranks. This result suggests that even temporary status significantly affects adolescents’ risky behavior, and also demonstrates the usefulness of smartphones in examining and manipulating peer interactions in classroom experiments.

Emotional and Motivational Correlates of Leadership Styles: A Comprehensive Framework for Understanding Effective Leaders

It is widely believed that contemporary leaders must possess highly developed interpersonal, motivational, social, and emotional skills. However, empirical evidence documenting the specific role emotional intelligence (EI) and motivational constructs play in leadership is equivocal to date (e.g., Harms & Crede, 2010; Lindebaum & Cartwright, 2010; Walter, Cole, & Humphrey, 2011). The current study examined a proposed working leadership model based on four distinct leadership styles LSs; i.e., servant, transformational, transactional, and passive/avoidant) that could be viewed on an autonomy‐sophistication continuum based on readiness and strengths of both leaders and followers. Participants included 535 male and female junior college and high school students at a military academy. Cluster analysis (CA) results revealed four unique LS profiles that capture different combinations of the four LS styles. LS profiles were compared on a range of motivational and EI dimensions. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) results revealed support for hypothesized profile differences, including: (a) all three social motivation subscales, (b) both learning and capacity ability beliefs, (c) task but not ego motivational orientation, and (d) three revised EI subscales created when exploratory factor analysis failed to confirm the hypothesized Emotional and Social Competence Inventory factor structure for this cadet sample.