Differences in stress levels between junior high school students and college students during online learning

Objective: To compare the probability of physical activity (PA) time ≥1 hour at school and influencing factors in students in China between 2010 and 2014. Methods: We used the data of 2010 and 2014 Chinese National Survey on Students' Constitution and Health (CNSSCH). The surveys covered the Han students aged 9-22 years and Tibetan students aged 9-18 years (Tibet). The participants were primary school students (9-12 years old), junior high school students (13-15 years old), senior high school students (16-18 years old) and college students (19-22 years old). The probability of PA time ≥1 hour at school was compared using χ(2) tests between 2010 and 2014 survey years. Log-binomial Regression was used to estimate the relative risk (RR) for the probability of PA time ≥1 hour at school in different age groups. Results: The overall probability of PA time ≥1 hour at school in students aged 9-22 years was 20.5% in 2010, and 23.8% in 2014. The difference between 2010 and 2014 was significant (P<0.001). On the whole, the probability of PA time ≥1 hour at school increased in the eastern, central and western areas in 2014 compared with 2010 (P<0.05), and the increase range was highest in eastern area, followed by western area and central area (P<0.05). The probability of PA time of 1 hour at school in all age groups increased in 2014 compared with 2010 (P<0.05). The increase in the probability of PA time ≥1 hour at school was larger in primary school students than that in high school students and college students (P<0.05). The probability of PA time ≥1 hour at school increased in all age groups in three areas, except in junior and senior high school students in the central area where the probability of PA time ≥1 hour at school decreased. The probability of PA time ≥1 hour at school in primary and junior/senior high school students in the eastern area had the greatest increase, but in college students it had the smallest increase in the three areas. From 2010 to 2014, the changes in the probability of PA time ≥1 hour at school in students in different provinces were quite different, especially in primary school students. The probability of PA time ≥1 hour at school in four age groups increased in only three provinces. With the probability of PA time ≥1 hour at school in primary school students as the reference, the RR in junior high students had no significant change between 2010 and 2014. The RR in senior high school increased from 0.34 (0.33-0.35) in 2010 to 0.36 (0.36-0.37) in 2014, and the RR in college students increased from 0.33 (0.32-0.34) in 2010 to 0.43 (0.42-0.44) in 2014. Conclusions: The probability of PA time ≥1 hour at school in all age groups increased in 2014 compared with 2010, but there were great differences among provinces. The findings of our study suggests that although the national policy played a certain role, the provinces should take specific measures to improve the probability of PA time ≥1 hour at school in students according to their own conditions. In addition, more attention should be paid to PA of older students.

The purpose of this study was to examine the relation of age, gender, and sex-role identity to role expectation in same-sex friends (SSF). Role expectation in SSF consisted of ten categories (Wada, 1993): Cooperation, information, similarity, self-enhancement, sensitivity, companionship, authenticity, self-disclosure, respect, and interdependence. Subjects were 129 (67 male and 62 female) junior high school, 243 (118 male and 125 female) senior high school, and 168 (88 male and 80 female) college students. Major findings were as follows: Senior high school and undergraduate students expected more self-enhancement from SSF than junior high students. Junior and senior high school students expected more companionship than undergraduates. Undergraduates expected more authenticity and less self-disclosure than junior high school students. And male students expected more companionship, information, and similarity, but less self-disclosure, self-enhancement, and respect from SSF than female. Clear results of the relationship between sex-role identity and role expectation in SSF weren't found.

A Longitudinal Study of Learning Engagement of Math and Science Gifted Students in Junior and Senior High School

ObjectivesPrioritizing adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) prevention over treatment is crucial, especially in countries like China where students are heavily focused on academics. Little research combines the educational characteristics of junior and senior high school students in China to explore factors contributing to AIS. Our aim was to investigate the correlation between performance indicators and potential AIS determine differences between junior and senior high school students.MethodWe conducted a general investigation of potential AIS-related indicators in students attending a comprehensive school in the Yunnan Province. In total, 264 junior high school students and 501 senior high school students were surveyed. Both subjective and objective performance indicators as well as additional factors, such as extracurricular activities and schoolbag-related factors, were considered. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were assessed, and all items pertaining to performance and other relevant factors were analyzed.ResultsThe proportion of senior high school students with a trunk rotation angle > 7° was higher than that of junior high school students (5.59% vs. 2.27%). Junior high school students were more affected by the weight of their schoolbags than senior high school students (35.98% vs. 27.74%). In contrast, senior high school students had more abnormal postures than junior high school students (28.03% vs. 38.32%). The frequency of extracurricular activities was significantly lower in senior high school students than in junior high school students, particularly among students with a trunk rotation angle of > 5° or > 7°. The questionnaire results indicated that the survey model was suitable. Significant correlations were found between schoolbag-related issues, growth-related concerns, abnormal posture, and abnormal lifestyle. Abnormal lifestyle was found to have a potential impact on abnormal sensations, whereas abnormal pain was influenced by abnormal posture, lifestyle, and sensation.ConclusionsOur questionnaire captured the distinct attributes of junior and senior high school students in a Chinese province regarding potential Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS). Junior high school students are more affected by schoolbag weight, while senior high school students exhibit more abnormal postures. The frequency of extracurricular activities shows an inverse relationship with both heavy schoolbag weight and abnormal postures. Increasing the frequency of extracurricular activities and addressing abnormal habits may help prevent the onset of AIS in students experiencing high levels of academic stress.

The Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Teenagers in China

Survival rates increase when basic life support (BLS) is provided by bystanders to patients with acute diseases, such as out-of-hospital cardiac arrest; however, its implementation rate is not high. In this study, we investigated "interest on BLS," "knowledge on BLS," and "experience on BLS" as factors related to the willingness to implement BLS among junior high school, high school, and college students who have multiple opportunities to learn it. This is an observational study using a questionnaire survey. The participants were 112 junior high school students, 114 high school students, and 109 university students (non-medical), totaling 294 (87.8% response rate). The questionnaire listed three items on the strength of willingness to perform BLS, three items on attributes of the participant, four items on the score of interest on BLS, one item on the score of knowledge on BLS, and two items on the score of experience on BLS. Among junior high school students, the factors that were significantly associated with the willingness to perform BLS were "Presence of someone who died" and "Interest on BLS" score. Among high school and college students, the factors that were significantly associated with the willingness to perform BLS were "Interest on BLS" and "Knowledge on BLS" scores. For junior high school students, creating an environment in which they can visualize the actual situation may increase their interest, whereas for high school and university students, in addition to such an environment, conducting seminars of short duration may help them to consolidate their knowledge and increase their willingness to implement BLS.

The acute respiratory disease caused by the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is officially named Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). SARS-CoV-2 causes the disease Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). To overcome the spread of COVID-19, the government has imposed restrictions on residents' activities by enforcing the Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) regulations. This condition causes anxiety in the community. It is suspected that the level of knowledge will affect the level of stress and anxiety of middle and high school students. Aim. Knowing whether there is a relationship between the level of knowledge about COVID-19 with the stress and anxiety levels of junior and senior high school students during vaccination at the Poltekkes Kemenkes Tanjungpinang. Method. The method used is a cross sectional analytic approach with the use of the Slovin formula in determining the number of samples. The necessary data were obtained through a questionnaire during vaccination. This research took place from May to July 2021. Results. The research sample was obtained as many as 129 students. Based on the Spearman correlation test, the p value = 0.036, indicating a relationship between the level of knowledge and the level of perceived anxiety, as well as between the level of knowledge and the level of stress showed a relationship marked by the value of p = 0.040. Conclusion. There is a sufficient relationship between the level of knowledge about COVID-19 and the level of anxiety and stress during the PSBB period for junior high and high school students during vaccination at the Poltekes Kemenkes Tanjungpinang.The acute respiratory disease caused by the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is officially named Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). SARS-CoV-2 causes the disease Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). To overcome the spread of COVID-19, the government has imposed restrictions on residents' activities by enforcing the Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) regulations. This condition causes anxiety in the community. It is suspected that the level of knowledge will affect the level of stress and anxiety of middle and high school students. Aim. Knowing whether there is a relationship between the level of knowledge about COVID-19 with the stress and anxiety levels of junior and senior high school students during vaccination at the Poltekkes Kemenkes Tanjungpinang. Method. The method used is a cross sectional analytic approach with the use of the Slovin formula in determining the number of samples. The necessary data were obtained through a questionnaire during vaccination. This research took place from May to July 2021. Results. The research sample was obtained as many as 129 students. Based on the Spearman correlation test, the p value = 0.036, indicating a relationship between the level of knowledge and the level of perceived anxiety, as well as between the level of knowledge and the level of stress showed a relationship marked by the value of p = 0.040. Conclusion. There is a sufficient relationship between the level of knowledge about COVID-19 and the level of anxiety and stress during the PSBB period for junior high and high school students during vaccination at the Poltekes Kemenkes Tanjungpinang.

Objective In recent years, the long-term use of media (including the Internet, video games, and social networking services) at a young age has been regarded as a problem. It has been pointed out that prolonged media usage may have an undesirable effect on the growth of adolescents from the physical, mental, and social perspectives. Junior and senior high school students are in a particularly important period of self-management of the basic lifestyle habits acquired thus far. Additionally, they must cultivate the ability to interact appropriately with media used daily. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the time expended on media usage and lifestyle habits among junior and senior high school students.Methods A sample of 1,633 students was extracted from all junior and senior high schools in Fukushima City. Principals of the schools distributed a self-administered questionnaire to their students. In total, 1,589 responses were obtained; as surveys of 30 students were missing values for gender and grade, they were excluded from the analysis, and data from 1,559 respondents were ultimately analyzed. A binomial logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between an independent variable (media usage time) and dependent variables (subjective health, lifestyle habits, and drinking and smoking experience) while controlling for gender and grade.Results Among junior high students, media usage for more than three hours was significantly related to "no breakfast," "no exercise habits," "irregular sleep," "lack of rest," and "feeling stressed." Among high school students, media usage for three hours or more was significantly related to "poor subjective health status," "eating only one or two meals a day," "no breakfast," "low food diversity," "obesity," "no exercise habits," "irregular sleep," "late bedtime," "waking up late," "drinking," and "smoking."Conclusion Our findings indicate that three or more hours of daily media usage is related to unhealthy lifestyles in terms of sleeping, eating, physical activity, drinking, and smoking. Junior and senior high school students who responded to the survey indicated that prolonged usage was also adversely related to their subjective health. Because the overuse of media is associated with students' lifestyles and health, it is important to develop an educational system that helps junior and senior high school students use media properly.

Tobacco use is a major preventable cause of death in the world. This article describes and compares tobacco use prevalence for students attending junior high schools and senior high schools in Taiwan. This report uses data from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) completed among 4689 junior high school students and 4426 senior high school students in Taiwan in 2004-2005. The GYTS uses a 2-stage sampling design to produce nationally representative data for junior and senior high students in general and vocational schools. Higher smoking prevalence was observed among senior high (10.1% general schools and 15.9% vocational schools) than junior high (5.5%) school students. Smoking prevalence of girls in junior high (3.2%) and senior high schools (4.6% general and 11.1% vocational) was almost as high or higher than adult females' (4.3%) smoking rates. The pattern of smoking intensity across school years and type of school shows that the percentage of smokers who were experimenters (47.1%) was higher in junior high school and the percentage of smokers who were regular/established smokers (over 50%) was higher in senior high school. Smoking prevalence described in this report shows that there are challenges facing the tobacco prevention and control program in Taiwan. The findings suggest that schools should increase their smoking initiation prevention efforts and make available cessation programs and counseling to help students quit smoking. If effective youth tobacco control programs are not developed and implemented in Taiwan, future morbidity and mortality attributed to tobacco will surely increase, especially among women.

BackgroundDue to tremendous academic pressure, Chinese high school students suffer from severe depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances. Moreover, senior high school students commonly face more serious mental health problems than junior high school students. However, the co-occurrence and internal relationships of depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances clusters are scarcely examined among high students. Therefore, the current study inspected relationships between depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbance symptoms through network analysis and identified key symptoms bolstering the correlation and intensifying the syndromes.MethodsA total of 13,999 junior high school students (Mage = 13.42 years, SDage = 1.35, 50% females) and 12,550 senior high school students (Mage = 16.93 years, SDage = 1.67, 47% females) were recruited in Harbin. We constructed networks for all students, junior high group, and senior high group, including data from the Youth Self-rating Insomnia Scale-3 (YSIS-3), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 (GAD-2), and the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2). The indices of “strength” was used to identify symptoms' centrality, and “bridge strength” was used to find specific nodes that could bridge anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbance.ResultsThe networks of all students, junior high and senior high students, were stable and accurate. Among all networks, “Nervousness” (GAD1) had the highest strength, and “Nervousness”–“Excessive worry” (GAD1-GAD2) had the strongest correlation. “Nervousness” (GAD1) also functioned as the bridge symptom among junior high students, while “Sad mood” (PHQ2) among senior high students. Senior high students scored higher than junior high students on all items and had a tighter network structure.ConclusionsIn networks consisting of anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbance, anxiety plays a conspicuous role in comorbidity among junior high school students, which transforms into depression among senior high school students. Treatments or interventions should be focused on these critical symptoms.

Junior high school students are at a critical stage of adolescent development. These children are emotionally sensitive and prone to mental health problems. A survey of the mental health status of junior high school pupils found that the detection rate of learning anxiety was highest in junior high school pupils and increased with grade level. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the causes and influencing factors of learning anxiety in depth. This study analyzes and compares the existing literature on the effects of interpersonal relationships on learning anxiety in junior high school students. Results show that normal parent-child relationships, supportive teacher-student relationships, and peer support were all negatively associated with learning anxiety. In contrast, unhealthy interpersonal relationships will increase students learning anxiety level. This paper explores how parent-child, teacher-student, and peer relationships influence learning anxiety among junior high school students, reviewing and collating data to derive both a dominant-subordinate and an integrative perspective. Overall, interpersonal relationships affect learning anxiety in junior high students in different ways and to various degrees, and interpersonal relationships affect the generation and mitigation of learning anxiety in junior high students to some extent.

This study assessed knowledge possessed by male and female junior high school and college students (N = 422) about the teratogenic effects of alcohol. Although most students were aware that alcohol is a teratogenic substance, they demonstrated little knowledge of the nature and timing of possible specific negative effects.

&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Purpose: &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;Plyometric training is effective for improving the lower limbs explosive power of athletes, but less is known regarding if male students in junior high school equally benefit from plyometric training. The purpose of this study was to compare changes in male students’ lower limbs explosive power across plyometric training. &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Method: &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;A sample of students (45 males) in junior high school was cluster randomly assigned to the conventional lower limbs explosive power training group (CLT), the bilateral plyometric training (BPT) and the unilateral plyometric training group (UPT). Pre-tests were conducted on the basic information and five explosive power indices of 45 participants across three groups, followed by post-tests on the experimental indices after the experiment. Subsequently, one-way ANOVA was performed among the three groups for the pre- and post-test data, and paired-samples T-tests were conducted within each group. &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Results: &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;There were significant differences in the five lower limbs explosiveness test indexes between the three groups and those after the experiment (P&amp;lt;0.01). &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Conclusion: &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;After an eight-week experiment, UPT BPT and CLT can effectively enhance the lower limb power levels of ordinary junior high school male students. UPT group was better than that of the BPT group and the CLT group in the 50-meter run and 20-meter hop jump index. BPT group was better than that of UPT group and CLT group vertical jump and triple leap frog.

Examined the prevalence of bulimia in female junior high and high school students residing in an agricultural community within a large, rural catchment area. We conducted follow-up interviews with subgroups of clinical and control participants screened for bulimia by self-report measures. Corroborating interview data showed that the overall prevalence of bulimia was greater than 1.7%. Sole reliance on established cutoff scores from the Bulimia Test suggests estimates of about 2 % for female junior high school students and 4% for female high school students. Although bulimia appears to be somewhat more common in high school, few differences between female junior high and high school students were found in the prevalence of extreme dieting behaviors (e.g., self-induced vomiting).

Comparing the centrality symptoms of major depressive disorder samples across junior high school students, senior high school students, college students and elderly adults during city lockdown of COVID-19 pandemic—A network analysis