Malay Settlement Research Articles

Sustainability of Oral History: A Case of SRK Pulo at Kampung Semarang

History is data regarding historical instances of human activity. This study anticipates the cultural memory around the primary school, SRK Pulo, which was relocated while retaining its previous name. One of the ancient Malay settlements along the Sarawak riverbank in Kuching is called Kampung Pulo. Questions are being asked about the SRK Pulo, its origin and other related histories to acknowledge. Further study, especially oral history inquiries, might help clear up any lingering questions regarding a historical truth or knowledge gap. For the benefit of future research, the cultural memory of intangible cultures needs to be preserved and documented through oral history research. To highlight historical local stories as the major focus in a qualitative manner, this study utilised Husserlism in Transcendental Phenomenology (TPh). The positive takeaways from oral history investigations into the genesis of SRK Pulo could serve as a guideline for the younger generation to respect and learn from the past to establish evocative living in the future. The sustainability of indigenous peoples in preserving their sociocultural ways of life and oral traditions depends on this study.

Understanding Traditional Malay Communities In Riau Using The Levi-Strauss Framework Of Structuralism

Riau is one of the provinces in the middle of the island of Sumatra. Geographically, Riau's land stretches from the slopes of Bukit Barisan to the coast of the Strait of Malacca. Many traditional Malay settlements are found along the Kampar River, Rokan River, Kampar River, and Indragiri River. Malays are very dominant in Riau Province, but there are also various other ethnic tribes such as Chinese, Banjar, and others. This study will examine the typology of Malay settlements in Riau Province. Typology is the study of types, that is, the attempt to conduct a review of types based on certain criteria. In this case, the framework of Levi-Strauss structuralism is the basis for a review of typology. Levi-Strauss believes that structuralism based on structural studies developed in culture, such as myths, beliefs, language, and symbols can be used as a reference for understanding a society including in the study of traditional settlements. This study uses literature research methods. The stages of the literature review are determining research topics, collecting information and data through various materials and scientific papers, discussion, and writing. Learn from various information about Malay settlements in Riau Province such as the Koto Sentajo settlement, Akit Tribe settlement, Kampung Dalam settlement, Siak Hulu settlement, and Rokan Hulu Defense Village settlement. Culture played an important role in the formation of these traditional Malay settlements. Each Malay settlement formed its distinctive features based on the cultural structure that was developed and adopted. Different cultural elements such as Malay dialects, social strata structures, customary institutions, rituals, inheritance, and kinship systems affect different typologies of traditional Malay settlements.

The Impact of Urbanisation and the Changing Environment of the Malay Settlement

It is acknowledged that “architecture is about people, culture, and land. However, the development of urban areas has raised many questions about the urban dream and the notion that it is “paved with gold.” The methodology of the study employs mixed method approach. According to the research, urban development is accelerating exponentially, and urban sprawl has occurred unpredictably, encroaching on traditional settlements. The new development on the outskirts of the old settlement is geared toward middle-income groups and is unattainable for the locals. Although the housing programme has been in place since 1968, it does not demonstrate the government’s total commitment and participation in assisting the Kelantanese urban population. eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under the responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians), and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.

Methodological Framework of Structured Case Study in Urban Morphology: Preparedness to Pandemic from Theory Building

The morphological patterns of the Malay town are analysed using three main elements of urban form: road networks, building plots, and open space. However, considering the physical aspects of a city, as well as the impact of geography, social, economic, and political forces, allows us to establish a city's particular character, which may be altered by multiple socioeconomic changes brought on by the pandemic. There are few well-documented systematic procedures for examining the morphological changes associated with Malay settlement features, implying considerable differences in the approaches used. By describing techniques and analysing the urban form, this article aims to spark discussion on what an antifragile built environment might look like. It also aims to shed light on how to create dynamic pseudo adaptability in the old and historic town, particularly in terms of scale, urban morphology, and social life, by establishing a systematic analytical framework for the analysis of urban morphology. To exemplify the process of building the methodological structure, a single case study was undertaken in Kota Bharu's Old Settlement Zone. The case study is subdivided into four sections: a) conceptual structure, b) case study design framework, and c) mapping research framework. It is defined through an iterative process that described the specifics of crucial features to establish an extensive methodological framework for the Malay settlement by thoroughly developing and scrutinising methodological processes. Because the current pandemic is sharpening our understanding of the link between local and global action, as well as the power inherent in the application of professional and technical knowledge and practice, this paper hoped to help with the development of policies and guidelines, as well as the evaluation of proposals for post-pandemic urban morphological assessments.

INVENTORY OF MALAY ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE IN GOMBAK DISTRICT, SELANGOR

Gombak District in the Klang valley contributes considerable importance to the history of Malay settlement which traces back to hundreds of years. This led to the existence of Malay architectural heritage in the Gombak district. Hence, this research seeks to discover the Malay architectural heritage that still retains the Malay traditional features and design identity. The traditional Malay buildings in Gombak were identified and later documented in an inventory form. The research involved a combination of literature review, onsite inventory, and face to face semi-structured interview methods. Thirty-nine (39) Malay traditional houses and masjids from 13 villages in Gombak are identified, which were built more than 80 years while a few were 140 years old. The research also revealed that 35 of the heritage buildings are still sturdy and preserved. Proactive preservation initiatives and conservation efforts need to be carried out immediately to conserve the traditional Malay houses and masjids to be appreciated by future generations.

The Malay Settlement: A vanishing world?

Questions have been raised regarding urbanisation, in which the Malay culture is forgotten. This paper uses a mixed-method by way of a case study on the eight Malay settlements in Kota Bharu. Three hundred fifty questionnaires were distributed, while random interviews provided a more precise explanation of the Malay community in the real world. Traditionally, this settlement is inhabited by Malays and is well known for its high culture and architectural values. This study found that urbanisation has critically influenced the culture and identity of Malay communities in their settlements. The loss of the Malay settlements in Kota Bharu led to the loss of the Malay culture and identity in the community. Keywords: Malay community, Malay settlement, Malay culture, urbanisation eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7i20.2967

Possible traces of early Malay settlement in South Sulawesi

ABSTRACT Indigenous written sources and local tradition attribute the emergence of the Bugis kingdom of Suppa on the west coast of South Sulawesi (Indonesia) to events in the 15th century. A founding female figure emerged from the sea with her entourage and, together with a ‘descended’ male figure, established the various kingdoms in the Ajattappareng area. Details in the story and persistent memory suggest the presence of Malays from Melaka. Given the nature and purposes of Bugis historiography and ideology, together with generalised support from archaeology, it seems that this may represent a valid memory of actual events.

Towards the Future of the Malay Community in Kelantan

The Malay settlement at Kota Bharu is at the brink of disappearance. This paper employed mixed method indulging into the subject of the study. The finding illustrates the withering of Malay community along with the cultural transformation generated by development. The extent of this paper also reveals the life, essence, hopes and aspirations of the Malays in the process of urbanization. It is posited that the process of urbanization also tested the survival of the Malays, and one day the existence of the Malays may be the object of "museumification" in their own country. Keywords: Kota Bharu; Malay settlement; Malay identity; urbanization eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7i19.3203

Returning to Nothing: The Lost of Malay Settlement in Pasir Mas, Kelantan.

Natural calamities such as earthquakes, landslides, windstorms, and floods are considered disasters according to the degree of disruption they caused to the human population, built environment, or natural ecosystem. Natural disasters are a common occurrence in rural settlements of Malaysia, affecting the lives of the rural population and damaging the rural settlements, agriculture, roads, drainage schemes, and other infrastructure. This threat continues to exist, and disasters are still wreaking havoc in rural areas. However, this disaster is compounded by the current rate of urbanization in the region. Human life conjures a spatial location due to the unique combination of movement and strength that characterizes humans. Humans, unlike trees, are not stationary; yet they require more manmade shelters than other animals, and communities. Humans, in particular, share their space. A loss narrative defines today's place literature: specifically, the loss of the correct link between place and meaning (Cox, 1968; Lynch, 1972; Jacobs Appleyard, 1987; Kunstler, 1993). Simultaneously, this article aims to investigate the disappearance of Malay settlements and discuss some of the implications. In February 2021. a landslide event took place in Pasir Mas, Kelantan. It is an area where researchers used to spend their youth. The objective of this article is to provide a perspective on the disappearance of Malay settlement by studying two theories, namely natural calamity and Malay settlement. The entire idea of this article is the transformation of the components of place characterized by the narrative of loss has enormous planning and design implications, two of which are central here: firstly, the emergence of geographies of place, and secondly, the loss of Malay culture crisis.

Revisit the History of Early Settlements in Pulau Pinang: The Contributions and Legacies of Rawa People

It is common that the history of Pulau Pinang has often been affiliated with British as pioneers even among Malaysians, almost to the point of no return. This despite the fact that there had been Malay groups of both local and regional origin who had made Pulau Pinang as their homeland long before the coming of the British. Of the second group, Rawa people from West Sumatera were neither strangers to Pulau Pinang Island nor the mainland area that formed part of the northern state i.e. Seberang Perai. Adopting a content analysis approach via library research and qualitative methods, plus interviews involving the Rawa people of the state, the paper aims to highlight the often-dismissed fact that the Rawa people along some other Sumatran migrant groups had contributed to the early development of Pulau Pinang. Only recently that several studies came to prove the existence of Malay settlements on the Island prior to its so-called foundation by British explorer representing the British East India Company, Francis Light in 1786. This paper is to provide further proofs in that direction as the early Malay settlers deserved acknowledgement for the contributions made and recognition for the legacies left behind. Apart from assessing various reasons for the Rawa migration and their early areas of settlements, more importantly, the paper demonstrates that the Rawa migrants throughout their long years of existence in the state have contributed to the socio-economic and political developments of Pulau Pinang.

Urbanization and the lost of river activity on Malay human settlement

Malaysia, as any other country, is constantly evolving in all facets of life, including architecture, economy, and culture. Despite that, the Malay settlement on the River's fringe remains an early settlement due to the Malays' strong connections to agriculture and socio-culture. The Malay's brilliance in establishing settlements on the river's fringe is among the leading reasons for this community's glorious history in the maritime world. However, today's shift in river activity has eroded the strong bond in Malay settlement. Therefore, affecting the Malay settlements, which have a significant impact on their economic growth. The research methodology employs previous researchers' exploratory techniques focusing on the effects of urbanization, as well as socioeconomic data from 350 local respondents collected during the field survey in April 2019, and observation analysis information commonly used by architects to evaluate the context of the discussion. These include physical, social, cultural, and public amenities, and the data gathered then was amalgamated using IBM SPSS V26, supplemented by interview techniques and pictorial documentation. Mapping techniques are being used to generate existing settlements patterns by utilizing the Google Earth software. Finally, AutoCAD 2018 software is used to demonstrate the current settlement pattern in the case study situation. According to the results of the study, the pace of urbanization is speeding up and creeping into the Malay settlements. The destruction of river activities in order to change Malay settlement patterns and force them to follow or reject the current trend of urbanization.

PUSAT BUDAYA MELAYU KALIMANTAN BARAT

There have been many attempts by cultural actors to promote and preserve Malay Culture in West Kalimantan, but they still face obstacles that make everything hampered. As the interest of the next generation to study and preserve Malay Culture is decreasing, cultural promotion activities are modest, marketing of typical handicrafts that are difficult to market, and the Malay Culture community does not yet have a suitable place to work. Anticipating this, a forum is needed to preserve, demonstrate, maintain and develop West Kalimantan Malay Culture. The final project of the Malay Cultural Center aims to create a center for the preservation of Malay Culture in West Kalimantan. The design method of the West Kalimantan Malay Cultural Center was carried out in several stages, namely ideas, theoretical review, data collection, analysis, synthesis, pre-design, and design. The design concept of the Malay Cultural Center is based on the design elements of the Malay settlement area. The design analysis resulted in several building functions but broadly divided into three functions, namely primary function (performance building), secondary function (training building, art gallery building), and management function (management building, souvenir kiosk). Analysis of the formation of the pattern of the area is taken from the elements of the formation of the Malay area in general and is combined with the shape of the design location. The characteristics of the building follow the form of a West Kalimantan Malay settlement in the form of a typical building on stilts and a pyramid roof / saddle with space tailored to the needs of the user.

The Values of Physical Landscape in Accommodating Social Sustainability of Traditional Malay Settlement

Traditional settlements are one of the many valuable possessions in terms of history, customs, culture and architecture. However, modernization and progress have greatly altered the physical landscape and destroyed these important social spaces by replacing them with more modern public infrastructure. This study aims to investigate how the multiple physical aspects of public infrastructure and traditional settlement environment around Kuala Terengganu play a role in supporting the welfare of the community. This research using mixed-methodology, which includes observation, questionnaires and interviews. The size of the data was accumulated from 800 residents by using a questionnaire survey to recognize the relevant factors that shape social sustainability. The main findings shows the three main factors of public spaces; (i) sufficient facilities; (ii) accommodate a variety of activities; (iii) provide convenience to the public. Keywords: physical landscape; public spaces; public infrastructure; social sustainability; traditional settlement eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i15.1858.

Urban Architecture in Malabero Village, The Old City of Bengkulu

Urban architecture in Malabero village is an interesting part to be researched. This is demonstrated by several elements of urban architecture that illustrate specific characteristics such as the Thomas Parr Monument, the Old Post Office, Merdeka Square, Kampung Cina, Bengkulu Malay settlement, a settlement built on the coastline and various building build on the sea embankment. This research was conducted to determine the configuration of contemporary architecture in Malabero and how it happen using qualitative and explorative methods. The research results that architecture configuration of the street in Malabero village consists of spread and linear organic patterns. Architecture configuration of building and space on the settlement scale based on ethnicity with diverse characteristics and tend to follow the street with linear patterns, meanwhile on the urban scale tend to the octopus shape cities. The configuration of infrastructure and vegetation in Kampung Cina and Merdeka Square is complete and well designed. Furthermore, the configuration of signages tend to be found at the cross street. This research also revealed that the architecture configuration was formed due to several factors such as historical, geographical, policy, and control of the government, economic, socio-cultural, important event, and lifestyle.

3D Building modelling Reconstruction for Sustainable Safeguarding Native Malay Urban Architectural in Malaysia

Documentary works through the three dimensional reconstruction are the key part of our documentation system for cultural heritage conservation. It preserve and safeguarding all the visual information in order to provide access to future generations is at the core of the work of libraries globally. This paper attempt to reconstruct 3D GIS modelling for an indigenous Malay cities based on urban traditional settlement urban forms element known as building. Four building aspects of Malay settlements have been demonstrated at the selected genuine old traditional Malay settlement located at Kota Bahru Malaysia. 3D building Modelling has been performed based on building footprint that has been obtained from the data collected through integration of photogrammetry and GIS approach. The process of reconstruction animated urban features based on four main building aspects consist of height, surface, façade and location of the Malay settlements. The finding shows that, the elements of urban form based on building aspects has been proven as a part of basic fundamental to recognize the pattern of native Malay urban architectural and its clearly proven through the 3D GIS Modelling reconstruction that has been performed through both approached of drone and laser scanning data processing. This work in other way shows the effectiveness of geospatial data in safeguarding our cultural heritage simultaneously supporting the mission of sustainable goals developments in local and global.

THE ORIENTATION SETTING OF BUILDINGS IN THE TRADITIONAL MALAY SETTLEMENT: A CASE STUDY OF KG SERI TANJUNG, SUNGAI UDANG, MELAKA

The orientation of buildings is one of the factors that define the characteristics and pattern of a settlement. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the orientation setting of the buildings in one of the gazetted traditional Malay settlements in Melaka, namely Kg Seri Tanjung, which has been listed as Heritage Village in Melaka State Structure Plan 2035. The objective of this research is to identify the orientation setting of the built-up areas and analyse the factors of the orientation of the built up. This research has used the drone technology to identify the orientation setting of each built up in the settlements, which is also supported by the ground survey to confirm the social interactions among the settlers. The findings indicate that the orientation of a building is influenced by the geographical factors and distribution of houses that depends on the family ties among the dwellers. It is identified that the geographical factors and relationship among the neighbours are highly related to the orientation of the buildings, which is also contributed by the factors of orientation of the buildings towards the natural environment, road, qiblat and its adjacent buildings. This analysis highlights and acknowledges some potential values in the traditional Malay settlement settings that can be used as a reference for the preservation of the characters of the future traditional settlement. The findings of this study are also a part of the urban design principles of the traditional Malay settlement that is important to preserve the identity of Malay in future development.

ENLIVENING THE MOSQUE AS A PUBLIC SPACE FOR SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY OF TRADITIONAL MALAY SETTLEMENTS

Public spaces are vital elements of settlement fabrics that animate communities together in one place. Nevertheless, most public places are used for recreational purposes only without building on communal activities, especially in religious aspects. Therefore, to achieve robust social sustainability, this study aims to identify the key indicators for ensuring social sustainability of traditional settlements’ public spaces. This study explores the typologies of public spaces found in traditional settlements that fill the needs of the local community. A mixed methodology was used to map and observe the public spaces and the communal activities held in two traditional Malay settlements in Kuala Terengganu. The bulk of the data were randomly collected from 400 residents by using a questionnaire survey to identify the most relevant factors that influence social sustainability. The results show that mosques have been listed as the highest preference of public space in the two sampled settlements. The study outlines three key qualities that lead the community to choose the mosque as the most important public space: 1) convenient access, 2) comfortable and clean, and 3) social aspects. This paper concludes on how these findings contribute to the improvement of quality of life, social interaction and social cohesion to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) globally.

Information Fusion for Cultural Heritage Three-Dimensional Modeling of Malay Cities

Malaysia’s heritage structures are facing challenges due to rapid local development and societal challenges that threaten their cultural and artistic values. Improving conservation approaches in this context is an urgent and crucial task. The application of geo-information technologies in laser scanning, photogrammetry, and geographic information systems (GISs) has significantly improved these conservation approaches. In this study, we fused drone images and range data from a laser scanner to construct a high-resolution three-dimensional GIS city model for one traditional Malay settlement located in Malaysia. The results showed that fusing photogrammetry and laser scanning can effectively capture the architectural uniqueness of Malay buildings, including specific façade geometries on walls, roofs, and motifs. The findings show that the development of various geoinformation approaches can assist with the conservation of Malay city heritage in this region.

Factors Affecting Social Sustainability of Traditional Malay Settlement

Successful traditional settlements refer to a settlement environment that spontaneously built by residents who consider their existing site integrates with excellent social sustainability indicators. This study aims to determine the factors of physical character for social sustainability of a traditional settlement. Among the objectives is to identify the types of physical characteristics deemed as significant in daily social interaction among the locals. A quantitative method was employed using questionnaire survey distributed to 400 residents in two historic settlements in Kuala Terengganu. Such factors categorised into six latent factors, which are the preservation of local identity, safety, provision of infrastructure, natural qualities, accessibility, and availability of public spaces.

Preserving Cultural Landscape: Malaysia’s East Coast traditional Malay settlement in change

A traditional settlement is defined as an area with sound and a strong sense of traditional village character inhabited by a society that preserves their cultural and traditional practices. However, the society’s traditions and way of life have continuously been threatened as the country moves towards urbanisation. Thus, this paper aimed to identify the changes in the traditional settlement and identify the issues in deterioration of traditional Malay settlement. A mixed-method approach applied as the research methodology. The findings reveal the changes and impact include six underlying factors; natural disaster, lack of maintenance, modern development, destruction by irresponsible parties, lack of awareness and declining of traditional product in the market.Keywords: traditional settlements; issues; heritage sites; conservation of heritage siteseISSN 2398-4295 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v4i16.177