Repair Maintenance Research Articles

Product and After-Sales Maintenance Service Pricing Decisions in a Risk-Averse Supply Chain

After-sales service on a product could be a lucrative source of profits however it is notoriously difficult to manage due to uncertain demand from consumers, and its complex organization such as either to provide warranty or maintenance contract or repair service. This paper focuses on a problem where the manufacturer sells a repairable product while an agent provides after-sales service under uncertain demand. Due to demand volatility, either manufacturer or agent or both the players are risk-averse toward their decisions. The goal of this paper is to design various after-sales service strategies where the optimal price of repair or maintenance contract for the agent whereas the optimal product price for the manufacturer are explicitly determined such that the utility of both players can be maximized. Moreover, the impacts of risk-preference and demand uncertainty are investigated on both players’ price decisions, demand level, and their utility function. Also, the impacts of the agent’s warranty service on product price as well as repair and maintenance contract price are investigated. The interaction between the manufacturer and agent is performed under non-cooperative game where the manufacturer is the leader, and the agent is the follower. The analytical results show that when both players are risk-averse, they should adjust their prices with demand uncertainty and risk-tolerance level in order to maintain the demand stability and get more utility. Further, we consider some special cases where the risk-tolerance level of the manufacturer has an impact on the risk-neutral agent’s decisions whereas the risk-tolerance level of an agent does not have any impact on the risk-neutral manufacturer’s decisions. The analysis also shows that there is a significant impact of the agent’s free-replacement renewing warranty (FRRW) on repair and maintenance price decision if both players are risk-averse. A numerical example is presented to further illustrate the results and related issues.

Kidney GATA3+ regulatory T cells play roles in the convalescence stage after antibody-mediated renal injury

FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) play crucial roles in peripheral immune tolerance. In addition, Tregs that reside or accumulate in nonlymphoid tissues, called tissue Tregs, exhibit tissue-specific functions and contribute to the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and repair. In an experimental mouse model of crescentic glomerulonephritis induced by an anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody, Tregs started to accumulate in the kidney on day 10 of disease onset and remained at high levels (~30–35% of CD4+ T cells) during the late stage (days 21–90), which correlated with stable disease control. Treg depletion on day 21 resulted in the relapse of renal dysfunction and an increase in Th1 cells, suggesting that Tregs are essential for disease control during the convalescence stage. The Tregs that accumulated in the kidney showed tissue Treg phenotypes, including high expression of GATA3, ST2 (the IL33 receptor subunit), amphiregulin (Areg), and PPARγ. Although T-bet+ Tregs and RORγt+ Tregs were observed in the kidney, GATA3+ Tregs were predominant during the convalescence stage, and a PPARγ agonist enhanced the accumulation of GATA3+ Tregs in the kidney. To understand the function of specific genes in kidney Tregs, we developed a novel T cell transfer system to T cell-deficient mice. This experiment demonstrates that ST2, Areg, and CCR4 in Tregs play important roles in the accumulation of GATA3+ Tregs in the kidney and in the amelioration of renal injury. Our data suggest that GATA3 is important for the recruitment of Tregs into the kidney, which is necessary for convalescence after renal tissue destruction.

Analisis Kerusakan Jalan Dengan Metode Pavement Condition Index (PCI) di Ruas Jalan Tipar Gede Kota Sukabumi

Road is a means of transportation to connect places to another, in general the road is built as an infrastructure to facilitate mobility and accessibility of socioeconomic activities in the community. Referring to the national transportation system, roads have an important role in the community environment, economy, culture, education, defense and security, etc. The disharmony of road signs, signals, and lighting to the function of the road indicates that the road infrastructure is not self explaning road, meaning that the road is not able to explain safety information to the user correctly and appropriately. So it needs to be supported by good bending conditions. Conditions based on BinaMarga 2020 data show there are severely damaged roads in Sukabumi City Subdistrict on road Tipar Gede, to know that it is necessary to analyze road damage. 
 Pavement Condition Index ( PCI) is a method of assessing road damage that assesses based on the type of damage level, with the value of Pavement Condition Index ( PCI) 0 ( Zero ) to 100 ( One Hundred ). THIS PCI method is a visual method that uses damage checking through direct street surveys by measuring one by one the type of damage has a degree of damage. 
 From the results of the research analysis obtained the type of damage that occurred on the road in Tipar Gede Sukabumi city according to the PCI method, there are 8 damages including Alligator Cracking, Edge Cracking, Lane / Shoulder Drop Off, Polished Aggregate, Potholes, Slippage Cracking, Swell, and Wheatering / Ravelling. while the most severe form of maintenance is shown in potholes severity medium damage with a type of partial patch maintenance or permanent repair done by patching at all depths. The level of damage to the overall road surface on the road in Tipar Gede Sukabumi city according to the PCI method is taken from the average value of each STA, which is, 45.71.

METHODOLOGICAL BASES FOR IMPROVING THE STRUCTURE OF PRODUCTION SUBDIVISIONS OF MOTOR TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES

Due to the different structure of the technical service of motor transport enterprises (MTE) small, medium, large capacity and volume of maintenance work and repair of vehicles, can provide the same competition conditions in the transport market. As follows, the main task when solving the question satisfaction of demand for maintenance services and repair of vehicles is the use of existing production facilities MTE АТP of different departments, that is, transformation of departmental production infrastructures into a regional structure is needed. Using the proposed method for specific conditions of motor transport enterprise (MTE) will allow based on the numerical value of performance evaluation criteria for maintenance and car repair determine the rational structure of it production and technical base (PTB). This is accordingly, will increase the enterprise efficiency, optimizes PTB and help to identify perspective directions the interaction of transport enterprises and centralized specialized productions for the maintenance and car repair. The article provides the determining method the expediency of creating or maintaining production units for maintenance and cars repair in motor transport enterprises. Object of study is the formation of the production units’ structure in the motor transport enterprises, depending on the volume of maintenance and repair works. The aim of the work is to increase the efficiency of motor transport enterprises by improving the production departments structure for maintenance and car repair. To achieve the goal in the framework of the work performed, the following research methods were used: analysis of processes and phenomena, hypothetical method, mathematical modeling of processes, mass observation, data statistical processing of the experimental research results. Terms creation of one or another unit for maintenance and cars repair in the enterprise is a minimum of reduced costs, in which the implementation of a specific type of work is economically appropriate at the specified enterprise. If it is inappropriateness of creation any of the subdivisions, the corresponding works are transmitted for implementation at the nearest ATP, stations of cars maintenance (SCM) or other enterprise where these services are performed. The method of efficiency estimation of production units for maintenance and cars repair in motor transport enterprises is developed, which allows to make calculations for ATP of different capacities.

DETERMINATION OF ECONOMIC ADVISABLE DISTANCES OF AUTOMOBILE DELIVERY ON AUTOSERVICE ENTERPRISE

In order to increase the efficiency of the operation of motor transport enterprises, the structure of production units for maintenance and repair of cars should be determined by the scope of work, taking into account the cost of implementation of the unit labor complexity of works. In case of inappropriateness of creating or maintaining an MTE of separate production units, maintenance and repairs of cars should be carried out at specialized service centers. Therefore, with the improvement of production units of motor transport enterprises structure, it is important to provide economically expedient delivery distances for maintenance works and repair of cars by co-operation in car service companies, which provide relevant services. The determination method of economically expedient distances of cars delivery and repair fund for car service companies is given. The cost of cars delivery and repair fund for 1 km to the car service companies or other motor transport enterprises (MTE), which accounts for 1 man-hour of labor-intensive maintenance and repair is determined. The economically expedient delivery distances for maintenance and cars repair by cooperation in car service companies are determined. The results of the calculations show that for taxi-driven MTE economically appropriate in modern conditions of distance of delivery of cars to perform maintenance-1 and maintenance-2 are close to those recommended in literary sources. For truck and bus MTE the corresponding delivery distances for maintenance-1, maintenance-2 performance, ongoing repairs are significantly lower. When performing diagnostic works D-1 and D-2, most of the the district works of the ongoing repair, the economically reasonable distances of delivery to the car service companies are obtained that substantially exceed the recommendations given in the scientific literature.

Abstract 1377: Identification and validation of WRN as a novel synthetic lethality target in context of microsatellite instability

Abstract Despite the significant clinical success of the Immuno-Oncology treatment of microsatellite instability (MSI) patients, there remains huge unmet medical need because of mechanisms of resistance. Through an effort to analyze publicly available large-scale shRNA screening and CRISPR screening, we surprisingly found that WRN is a potent synthetic lethality target in the context of MSI. WRN is an enzyme known as the “Werner syndrome ATP-dependent helicase”. WRN is involved in multiple cellular functions, including DNA repair and telomere maintenance. Silencing of WRN by RNAi and CRISPRi in a panel of MSI-H cells lead to tumor cell growth inhibition in vitro and in vivo, thus demonstrated WRN is a novel synthetic lethality target in context of MSI. Our discovery has recently been cross-validated by multiple independent studies1-4. Furthermore, we also report here the first time that silencing of WRN by RNAi and CRISPRi in DLD1, a MSI-H cell, does not lead to tumor cell inhibition. Taken together, our data using independent genetic approach CRISPRi in vitro and in vivo, further highlight fundamental importance of WRN as a synthetic lethality target in some, but not all, MSI context.

РАЗРАБОТКА КОМПОЗИЦИОННОЙ МОДЕЛИ ОЦЕНКИ НАДЕЖНОСТИ ТЯГОВЫХ ЭЛЕКТРОДВИГАТЕЛЕЙ ПОСТОЯННОГО ТОКА ТРАМВАЙНЫХ ВАГОНОВ

The investigation purpose is to develop a method for the assessment of reliability values of dc drive motors for tram cars the life of which approaches its completion which will allow correcting the maintenance and repair system in order to decrease the number of sudden failures and hence the number of unscheduled repair operations. According to the available rolling-stock (trams) repair statistics, a considerable part of unscheduled repair works is determined by failures of dc drive motors. 
 Reasoning from the investigation purpose one of the problems consists in the development of the simulator allowing the accurate definition of quantitative characteristics of reliability during the operation. The operation reliability of dc drive motors of tram-cars is affected considerably by the interaction of design structure elements and it raises a question of combined structural-functional patterns use during the formation of a compositional simulator for reliability estimate. 
 The results obtained show that the account of structural-functional ties of dc drive motors design elements in tram-cars during the simulator formation for reliability assessment allows obtaining more correct data for the definition of maintenance terms and repair works.
 In such a way, the compositional model for reliability assessment of dc drive motors installed in tram-cars allows obtaining more exact dependences of their trouble-free operation probability that gives an opportunity to correct terms for scheduled-preventive repair, so that to decrease the number of sudden failures becoming more often, as it is seen in practice, at the approach of tram-car operation completion and decrease the number of unscheduled repair works.
 The model offered for reliability assessment is urgent for the term correction of maintenance and repair works of tram-car dc drive motors the life of which comes to the completion and also for motors which run out of power.

Outlook for Wound Healing Technologies (a Review)

Tissue engineering is a medical science dealing with reproduction of biological tissues and organs. This area of medicine opens avenues for creation of organs and tissues using biomaterials and nanostructures to sustain their development, maintenance and function repair in a living organism. The scope of tissue engineering is an artificial recreation of tissues at the fi nest structural level. Prerequisite requirements are a cell source (a donor), artificial extracellular matrix and growth factor. The first organ, which was extracorporally created and successfully introduced in medical practice, is skin. Recent years have witnessed a major leap in 3D technology for reproduction of biological structures. Increasing attention is being paid towards controlled design and production of 2D–3D structures consisting of biological materials and viable cells, the procedure defined as bioproduction or bioprototyping. Skin substitutes obtained with the bioprototyping technology possess a wide range of medical applications, primarily to compensate for resident skin deficiency in wound healing.

MMP13 and TIMP1 are functional markers for two different potential modes of action by mesenchymal stem/stromal cells when treating osteoarthritis

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been investigated as a potential injectable therapy for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis, with some evidence of success in preliminary human trials. However, optimization and scale-up of this therapeutic approach depends on the identification of functional markers that are linked to their mechanism of action. One possible mechanism is through their chondrogenic differentiation and direct role in neo-cartilage synthesis. Alternatively, they could remain undifferentiated and act through the release of trophic factors that stimulate endogenous repair processes within the joint. Here, we show that extensive in vitro aging of bone marrow-derived human MSCs leads to loss of chondrogenesis but no reduction in trophic repair, thereby separating out the two modes of action. By integrating transcriptomic and proteomic data using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, we found that reduced chondrogenesis with passage is linked to downregulation of the FOXM1 signaling pathway while maintenance of trophic repair is linked to CXCL12. In an attempt at developing functional markers of MSC potency, we identified loss of mRNA expression for MMP13 as correlating with loss of chondrogenic potential of MSCs and continued secretion of high levels of TIMP1 protein as correlating with the maintenance of trophic repair capacity. Since an allogeneic injectable osteoar therapy would require extensive cell expansion in vitro, we conclude that early passage MMP13+ , TIMP1-secretinghigh MSCs should be used for autologous OA therapies designed to act through engraftment and chondrogenesis, while later passage MMP13- , TIMP1-secretinghigh MSCs could be exploited for allogeneic OA therapies designed to act through trophic repair.

The roles of hnRNP A2/B1 in RNA biology and disease.

The RNA-binding protein hnRNPA2/B1 is a member of the hnRNPs family and is widely expressed in various tissues. hnRNPA2/B1 recognizes and binds specific RNA substrates and DNA motifs and is involved in the transcription, splicing processing, transport, stability, and translation regulation of a variety of RNA molecules and in regulating the expression of a large number of genes. hnRNPA2/B1 is also involved in telomere maintenance and DNA repair, while its expression changes and mutations are involved in the development of various tumors and neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases. This paper reviews the role and mechanism of hnRNPA2/B1 in RNA metabolism, tumors, and neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases. This article is categorized under: RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein-RNA Interactions: Functional Implications RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease.

Development of performance measures for pedestrian sidewalk asset management

Recognising the importance of pedestrian sidewalks in supporting active transportation, some municipalities have spent millions of dollars in sidewalk condition assessment, resulting in a large amount of defect data. However, due to the lack of overall performance measures, those defect data have not been fully utilised in supporting asset-management planning. To fill the gap, this study developed two corroborating performance indicators – namely, maintenance repair index (MRI) and sidewalk condition index (SCI). Defined as the weighted sum of the numbers of defects that require repair, MRI gauges the need for repair and maintenance of a sidewalk segment and can be used to develop operation and maintenance budgets. In contrast, SCI evaluates the overall physical health of a sidewalk segment. It measures the need for replacing the entire sidewalk segment and thus can be used to assist long-term capital budgeting and planning. This paper discusses in detail the empirical calibration of the weights used in the definition of the indices. A real-life case study is presented to illustrate the technical details and practical significance of sidewalk performance evaluation using the proposed MRI and SCI.

Case Study: Effectiveness and Functioning of Biomedical Engineering Services and Impact on Quality Care at Fortis Escorts Hospital

This study was undertaken to analyze the effectiveness and functioning of engineering services and its impact on overall quality care. For this purpose, various parameters like maintenance strategy, repair and replacement policy used, frequency and reasons for equipment failure, maintenance cost, risk incurred due to failure, availability of alternative equipment, training, and skill development were assessed. Constructive results were obtained from the study, validating that engineering services do have an influential role in the health sector; without them, health quality will decline. Therefore, the reputation of a hospital depends greatly on the technology being used in the hospital.

PGC-1α gene transfer restores adhesion and reendothelialization of endothelial progenitor cells from patients with hypertension.

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play an important role in endothelial vascular development and endothelial repair. The upregulation of functional gene expression in EPCs may contribute to the maintenance of EPC-based endothelial repair. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) is a powerful regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant defense, but its impact on early EPCs remains poorly understood. This study was designed to investigate whether decline in PGC-1α expression impairs in vitro adhesion, migration, and in vivo reendothelialization capacity of early EPCs from patients with hypertension. We engineered an over-expression of PGC-1α within EPCs from hypertensive patients, which were transduced with an adenoviral vector encoding the human PGC-1α gene. Then we tested the migration and adhesion function of EPCs in vitro and endothelium-reparative capacity in vivo with a nude mouse model of carotid artery injury. Our data revealed for the first time that PGC-1α expression of EPCs is lower in hypertensive patients than that in healthy subjects. Meanwhile, the in vitro adhesion and migration function, in vivo endothelial repair capacity of early EPCs were significantly reduced in hypertensive patients compared with normal subjects. Furthermore, PGC-1α gene transfer contributes to increased adhesion in vitro and enhanced endothelium-reparative capacity in vivo of EPCs from hypertensive patients through the augmented expression of PGC-1α. Thus, upregulation of PGC-1α expression of EPCs may be a novel complementary therapeutic target to increase endothelium-reparative capacity in hypertensive patients.

A two-stage optimization approach for aircraft hangar maintenance planning and staff assignment problems under MRO outsourcing mode

Aircraft Maintenance Repair and Overhaul (MRO) is essential to ensure aviation safety and air transport operations. An aircraft has to temporally suspend its service and receive extensive maintenance in the hangar upon reaching the prescribed flying hours and take-off/landing times. Traditionally, each airline company undertakes hangar maintenance for its own fleet, however the nature of MRO operations has changed with the rapid development of air transport demand. Outsourcing hangar maintenance to maintenance service companies has been increasing among airlines, enabling airlines to reduce the cost of MRO while meeting the aircraft’s safety requirements. After receiving the maintenance order with specifications, the maintenance service company needs to determine the maintenance schedules, parking stand allocation, aircraft movement path and staff assignment in the integrated planning problem. To integrate the abovementioned factors, a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model is developed. In the MILP model, geometric factors are considered, which are integrated with the multi-skill manpower assignment afterwards. Consideration of staff with multiple types of maintenance skills, aligning with the practice of sophisticated hangar maintenance, is incorporated in the model. Secondly, given the complexity of the integrated problem, a two-stage optimization approach is developed by decomposing the original model, which is coordinated by the linkage constraints between the geometric and numeric decision-making scattering in the decomposed subproblems. The results and analysis of numerical experimentation are reported, which shows: (i) the adaptability and efficiency of the two-stage optimization approach and (ii) the tractability of the two-stage optimization approach, which manage to produce good quality solutions in solving medium- to large- size instances. The impacts of maintenance demand intensity and manpower supply variation are also analysed to provide managerial insights.

Innate lymphoid cells in treatment-induced gastrointestinal pathogenesis.

Tissue injury often occurs as collateral damage after chemotherapy and radiotherapy and is associated with significant comorbidity and mortality. The arsenal of options to prevent tissue injury other than dose reduction is limited, and treatment is mostly aimed at symptom relief and prevention of complications, such as bacterial translocation and malnourishment. Novel approaches directed at prevention and early repair of damaged tissues are highly anticipated. Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) are important in tissue homeostasis and wound healing. Most knowledge of ILC is based on studies in mice, and the contribution of ILC to repair therapy-induced tissue damage in humans is relatively understudied. A picture is nevertheless emerging, suggesting that ILC have several means to maintain tissue homeostasis. Subsets of ILC produce, for example, interleukin (IL)-22 or amphiregulin (AREG) that induce epithelial tissue repair and the release of microbiome modulating proteins. In addition, ILC have immune-regulatory capacities given that adoptive transfer of ILC in a mouse model of graft versus host disease (GvHD) attenuated tissue inflammation. ILC are important in tissue maintenance and damage repair and as such have the potential to be developed as (adoptive) therapy to prevent and repair therapy-induced tissue damage.

Biological monitoring of urinary lead: Preshift and postshift sampling detects efficiently recent lead exposure and signals the need to review and possibly improve controls at work

The objective of this study is to highlight the effectiveness of urinary lead as an index of recent lead exposure. In the past scientific literature urinary lead has been studied as a parameter for recent lead exposure. It is a reliable indicator for occupational lead exposure. But, strangely enough, nowadays is scarcely used in the Netherlands and worldwide. We performed six field biological monitoring studies of preshift and postshift urinary lead tests during tank maintenance and bridge repair work. Highest values occurred during bridge repair. Mean urinary values were postshift 1,6−5 times higher than preshift values, indicating clearly recent lead exposure and failing protective measures. This is so far we know the first study combining preshift and postshift sampling of urinary lead. We compared our studies with crossectional and follow-up studies in occupational medicine. Our conclusion is that preshift and postshift urinary lead testing is a worker friendly test, ideally for detecting recent lead exposures in the field. It signals the need to review or possibly improve controls at work.There are no safe lead levels, so we recommend to use a target value for urinary lead of <3 μg/g creatinine for all lead workers in the Netherlands.

Abstract IA04: Stem cells: Coping with stress and cancer

Abstract Adult tissue stem cells have the ability to self-renew long term and differentiate into one or more tissues. Many stem cells are used sparingly to replenish cells during normal homeostasis. However, even stem cells that are quiescent must be able to respond quickly to injury in order to fuel rapid tissue regeneration. How stem cells balance self-renewal and differentiation is of fundamental importance to our understanding of normal tissue maintenance and wound repair. The regulatory circuitry governing this normal balancing act must be intricately regulated in normal homeostasis and then transiently altered to cope with injury responses. Increasing evidence suggests that the mechanism goes awry in inflammation and becomes hijacked in cancers. Skin epithelium is an excellent model system to understand how stem cells remain quiescent during times of minimal wear and tear, how these cells become mobilized during the cyclical bouts of hair growth and wound repair, and how the normal process of stem cell activation goes awry in cancer and inflammation. We have identified and characterized at a molecular level the skin’s stem cells and shown that they reside in distinct niches that impart to the stem cells their behavior both in task and in the molecular properties they display. We use high-throughput genetic and genomic approaches to dissect at a molecular level how stem cell interactions with their niches differ in homeostasis, wound repair, and inflammation, and how heterogeneity in the tumor microenvironment can confer on stem cells resistance to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Our global objective is to apply our knowledge of the basic science of epithelial stem cells to unfold new avenues for therapeutics. Citation Format: Elaine Fuchs. Stem cells: Coping with stress and cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Evolving Landscape of Cancer Modeling; 2020 Mar 2-5; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(11 Suppl):Abstract nr IA04.

Consuming Wolfberry (Lycium Barbarum L.) with a Healthy Dietary Pattern Improves the Function of Blood Outgrowth Endothelial Cells Derived from Middle-Aged and Older Adults

Abstract Objectives Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), a novel biomarker of cardiovascular disease, are involved in the maintenance of endothelial homeostasis and vascular repair and the number of EPCs could be altered by dietary modification. Wolfberry is widely known for the potential cardiovascular benefits, however, its impact on EPC count and function is not reported. This study aims to investigate the effect of consuming wolfberry as part of a healthy dietary pattern (HDP) on the number and function of EPCs derived from blood (BOECs). Methods Twenty-four subjects from Singapore were randomized and consumed either HDP only (HDPO; n = 9; mean age 55 ± 3 years) or HDP supplemented with 15 g/day wolfberry (HDPW; n = 15; mean age 56 ± 4 years) for 16 weeks. At pre- and post-intervention, 27 mL peripheral blood was collected from subject for the isolation of BOECs. Immunofluorescence staining with von Willebrand factor (VWF) and flow cytometry analysis with cell surface markers including KDR and CD34 were performed to verify the obtained BOECs. In-vitro tube formation assay was performed to measure the angiogenic properties of BOECs. Endothelial-dependent flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and intima-media thickness (IMT) were also measured by ultrasonographic imaging. Results Isolated BOECs have typical endothelial cobblestone morphology, express VWF and KDR, and partly express CD34. Compared with pre-intervention, both HDPO and HDPW groups showed an increase in total colony numbers of BOECs (from 1.8 ± 0.5 to 3.1 ± 1.1, P = 0.28 and 2.7 ± 0.8 to 3.2 ± 0.6, P = 0.51, respectively). For the tube formation capacity of BOECs, adherence to a HDP contributed to a time effect on both the total mesh area (P = 0.02) and mean mesh size (P &amp;lt; 0.01). However, further improvement in total master segment length (6.9 ± 1.6 to 11.4 ± 1.0 mm, P = 0.03), total mesh area (0.2 ± 0.1 to 0.7 ± 0.1 mm2, P = 0.03), and mean mesh size (0.02 ± 0.006 to 0.05 ± 0.003 mm2, P &amp;lt; 0.001) were only observed in the HDPW group compared with pre-intervention and not in the HDPO group. No changes of FMD and IMT were detected after intervention. Conclusions Adherence to a HDP increases colony count and enhances angiogenic function of BOECs, and the angiogenic capability of BOECs is further improved by wolfberry supplement in Singaporean middle-aged and older adults. Funding Sources Ministry of Education, Singapore.

THE METHODOLOGY OF THE CURRENT PLANNING OF A MOTOR TRANSPORT ENTERPRISE OPERATION FOR THE TRANSPORTATION OF GOODS IN THE CITY

Introduction. The emphasis is placed on the development of road transport in the Russian Federation, which is characterized by an increase in traffic carried out by specialized rolling stock of various sizes, a change in the location of cargo-forming and cargo-absorbing points, and the requirements of customers for quantitative and qualitative indicators established in agreements. These conditions ensure to the development of the Russian economy in social significant branches. The purpose of the study is to develop a methodology for the current planning of the operation of specialized rolling stock of standard sizes of a motor transport enterprise to implement the conditions of contracts for the transportation of goods in the city.Materials and methods. The current planning methodology has been developed as part of a new concept, which is a synthesis of the methods of the theory of road freight transport, the theory of maintenance and current repair of rolling stock. A system analysis, the methods of probability theory and mathematical statistics are used in the studies.Results: - the methodological foundations that made it possible to develop a methodology for the current planning of the work of a specialized rolling stock of standard sizes for a motor transport enterprise to implement the contracts conditions for the transportation of goods in the city;- a computer program, the use of which in the operating of a motor transport enterprise will make possible to carry out planning aimed to implement the contracts terms and make a profit.Discussion and conclusions. The implementation and testing of the current planning methodology for the transportation of goods in the city is carried out in the conditions of a motor transport enterprise in the city of Omsk using a computer program “Planning the work of a motor transport enterprise for the transportation of goods in the city”. A methodology application allowed the motor transport enterprise to make a profit of 14.5% more than the profit that could be obtained by using previously existing methods in planning.Financial transparency: the authors have no financial interest in the presented materials or methods. There is no conflict of interest

Застосування моделі технічного обслуговування техніки з почасовою надмірністю для підвищення її надійності в ході виконання завдань підрозділами інженерних військ ЗС України при проведенні операції Об’єднаних сил

In the article by means of the theory of time reservation the reasonableness of use of planned downtime of engineering equipment for preventive maintenance and current repair in order to maintain its reliability at the required level is substantiated. To quantify the impact of the process of organizing the functioning of the maintenance system in accordance with the proposed model to change the level of reliability of engineering technology developed a method of calculating the coefficient of technical use of engineering machines, which takes into account not idealized, but the real possibilities for the use of daily downtime of the equipment as a reserve time its technical use.