Lysozyme Activity Of Blood Serum Research Articles

Dynamics of hematological and oxidative parameters characterizing the nonspecific resistance of cows under technological stress

The aim of the work was to study the dynamics of biochemical, hormonal and oxidative parameters in the blood of cattle from the point of view of nonspecific resistance of animals under the action of technological stress. Technological stress was accompanied by the entry of cortisol into the blood, a significant intensification of lipid peroxidation processes, a decrease in the activity of the antioxidant system of the blood, and a change in the nonspecific resistance of the animal organism. On day 1 after technological stress, the content of cortisol and the level of DC in the blood increased by 2 times, an increase in MDA and OR, a decrease in catalase and reduced glutathione were observed. The most pronounced changes were recorded on days 3-14 after technological stress. The animals showed neutrophilia, monocytosis, lymphopenia and appearance of NEToses on days 3 and 14 after technological stress. On the 3rd day after technological stress, an increase in lysozyme activity of blood serum and a decrease in bactericidal activity were shown. Preservation of reduced indicators of reduced glutathione and lysozyme activity while maintaining cortisol at the upper limit of indicators relative to the initial values was recorded by 30 days in cows after technological stress. The data obtained indicate that the body’s defenses are a dynamic physiological indicator, which must be taken into account as a general resistance of the cattle body to stressors in order to prevent the disruption of the body’s adaptive capabilities.

The effect of the developed complex symbiotic composition on the immune and cytokine profile in young cattle in neonatal ontogenesis

The humoral link of immunity plays an important role in protecting the body of newborn young animals from diseases of bacterial etiology. Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in young cattle constitute a significant part. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to research on probiotherapeutic agents and their effect on animal immunity. In this regard, it is extremely important to develop drugs based on target components, namely certified strains B-2585 Lactobacillus acidophilus 13 and B-2579 Enterococcus faecium K-50 with the inclusion of auxiliary components – inulin and FOS. It has been experimentally proven that the complex synbiotic composition has an effect on increasing the bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum, the absorption and metabolic activity of neutrophils, reducing the content of pro-inflammatory cytokines and their optimal ratio with anti-inflammatory mediators. In addition, probiotic microorganisms included in the product increase the colonization potential of the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract, act as primary antigens for native leukocytes, stimulating the development of an immune response in contact with foreign antigens. These data can be used for further development of drugs based on probiotic microorganisms, in order to increase the nonspecific immunity of the animal.

The state of the body's immune system of beef cows with signs of endotoxicosis

During the development of endotoxicosis of various etiologies, secondary immunodeficiency occurs in animals, which progresses due to exposure to toxic metabolites. The work aimed to study the influence of endotoxicosis on the dynamics of indicators of the immune system of beef cows. The research was conducted on the Ukrainian black and spotted dairy breed beef cows. In cows with signs of endotoxicosis, clinical signs such as swelling of the external genital organs and mammary gland, anemia of the mucous membranes, depressed state, impaired appetite, and functional disorders of the antrum and intestines were characteristic. The main immunological tests characterizing the state of the immune system of beef cows are indicators of humoral immunity (bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum), cellular immunity (T- and B-lymphocytes), indicators of non-specific resistance of the organism (phagocytic activity and phagocytic index). In beef cows with clinical manifestations of endotoxicosis, inhibition of cellular, humoral, and non-specific links of the immune system was established, which led to the development of the so-called secondary immunodeficiency. This is evidenced by a decrease in the bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum, a decrease in the number of T- and B-lymphocytes, and a decrease in the phagocytic index and phagocytic activity of the blood of sick cows. In particular, it was established that the lowest indicator of bactericidal and lysozyme activity was observed in the 9th month of pregnancy in the experimental group of cows, where it decreased by 15.9 and 4.91 %, respectively, compared to the control. In the above study periods, a decrease in the phagocytic activity of neutrophils by 5.04 % and the phagocytic index by 33.3 % was established compared to the indicators of the control group. During the analysis of cellular immunity, similar changes were found in determining the number of T- and B-lymphocytes; they were lower by 12.5 % and 4.19 %, respectively. Changes in the indicators of the immune system are significant and objective markers of the state of the cow's body during the development of endotoxicosis, regardless of its causes.

THE STATE OF NON-SPECIFIC RESISTANCE OF THE SMALL BAT (PIPISTRELLUS PYGMAEUS LEACH, 1825) UNDER ADVERSE ANTHROPOGENIC FACTORS

At present, an important feature of the study of bats is their ability to carry pathogens of dangerous viruses, which is important for epidemiology when analyzing the spread of infectious diseases. Therefore, the study of the nonspecific immunity of bats will be able to suggest their morbidity and ability to endure diseases dangerous to humans. The purpose of the study is to consider the state of nonspecific resistance of the small bat (Pipistrellus pygmaeus Leach, 1825) under the conditions of unfavorable anthropogenic factors in the territory of the Bryansk region. The article presents the results of the analysis of indicators of nonspecific immunity of the small bat, living in areas with different anthropogenic pressure: colony №1 - rural area, colony №2 - urban area. To determine the natural resistance, physiological reactivity and general nonspecific resistance in the small bat, hematological and biochemical studies were conducted according to standard methods in males and females of two colonies. Blood serum lysozyme activity, bactericidal activity, phagocytic activity, circulating immune complexes were measured. In the body of males and females of the small bat, adaptation to new conditions of a negative urban environment is associated with adaptive-compensatory processes, manifested in hyperactivity of the immune system, pronounced disorders of the immune system and cellular immunity.

The effect of complex therapy of cows with genital mycoplasmosis on indicators of nonspecific resistance

Animal husbandry on an industrial basis involves the maximum use of the reproductive capabilities of females and obtaining healthy offspring. A significant obstacle to achieving this goal are diseases that negatively affect the reproductive function of females, one of which is genital mycoplasmosis of cattle. The basis of etiotropic therapy of mycoplasmosis is the use of macrolide and fluoroquinolone antibiotics, but at the same time the animals remain immunodeficient. The aim of our research was to assess the dynamics of indicators of nonspecific resistance of the organism of patients with genital mycoplasmosis of cows when the immunomodulator thymalin was included in the treatment regimen. Studies were carried out on three groups of pregnant cows, the first group of animals with mycoplasmosis was treated with tulatromycin, the second group was treated with tulatromycin in combination with thymalin, the third group was clinically healthy cows. The results of the experiment showed that the combined use of tulatromycin and thymalin in genital mycoplasmosis of cattle, compared with monotherapy with tulatromycin, increases therapeutic efficacy by 25%, and also contributes to a significant increase in bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum, phagocytic index, which even slightly exceed similar indicators in clinically healthy animals.

Humoral indicators of resistance of broiler chickens when combining plant extract and probiotic

The article presents an analysis of the effectiveness of the immunostimulating effect of Echinacea purpurea extract and probiotic «Subtilis-C». The experimental part was carried out in two scientific and production experiments, in poultry houses with floor maintenance, on four similar groups of broiler chickens of the Cobb cross-500 with 100 heads each. To select an effective dose of Echinacea purpurea extract, the first scientific and production experience was conducted. The most optimal dose of Echinacea purpurea extract identified in the first scientific and production experiment was 5.5 mg/ kg of body weight. To evaluate the effectiveness of combining a plant extract with a probiotic, a second research and production experiment was conducted. Bactericidal and lysozyme activity in the blood serum of chickens. The paper provides data on the nature of the change in the level of the studied indicators in response to the introduction of Echinacea purpurea extract and probiotic «Subtilis-C» into the diet, the optimal dose and mode of combined administration of the studied preparations into the diet, composing the following scheme: Echinacea purpurea extract at a dose of 5.5 mg/kg body weight + «Subtilis-C» at a dose, pre-starter and starter feed (from birth to the age of one month) – 0.3 kg/ton, in finisher (from the age of one month to slaughter) – 0.15 kg/ton. In the established scheme, the plant preparation and probiotic effectively complement each other, which is significantly manifested by an increase in lysozyme activity of blood serum by 17.85%, and bactericidal activity of blood serum by 18.11%. It is noted that the established regime for the use of the studied evaporates contributes to improving the safety of livestock and the realization of the biological potential of meat productivity in broiler chickens.

Механизмы экологичного восстановления иммунной защиты Oreochromis niloticus прополисом с сенсибилизаторами на фоне развития кандидамикозов

In the last decade, with aquarium maintenance, pathogenic Candida albicans species are isolated from fish, causing up to 95-100% mortality. This paper describes the mechanisms of natural immune protection of Oreochromis niloticus, against the background of the development of candidiasis of the digestive tube under the influence of an environmentally friendly biologically active beekeeping product (BAPP) – propolis in combination with sensitizers. It was found that the use of propolis (group 3), propolis in combination with methylene blue (group 4), proflavin acetate (group 5), zinc phthalocyanine (group 6) contributed to an increase in lysozyme activity of blood serum, compared with the data of fish of group 2 (patients, untreated) by a maximum of 14.3; 19.13; 5.69 and 5.43 times, the bactericidal activity of blood serum – 4.1; 4.78; 2.27 and 2.25 times. This indicates the high efficiency, environmental friendliness of the use of propolis in combination with methylene blue for the prevention and therapy of developed candidiasis. Keywords: CANDIDAMYCOSIS, DIGESTIVE TRACT, CANDIDA ALBICANS, OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS, PROPOLIS, LYSOZYME AND BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY OF BLOOD SERUM

Влияние снижения относительной влажности воздуха в период выращивания бройлеров на показатели иммунитета и продуктивности

Abstract. An unsatisfactory microclimate in poultry premises contributes to damage in the form of a decrease in the average daily gain of broilers by 10 %. Purpose of research is to study the effect of relative humidity at the same temperature regime on the immunity and productivity of broilers of the Ross-308. Research methods. The experiment was carried out on broiler chickens of the cross Ross-308 up to 35 days of age. In group II, period 0–1 days of growing broilers, the relative humidity indicators were less than the lower limit of the norm by 10 %, in periods 5–7, 11–16, 20–22 and 26–35 days, the relative humidity indicators were less than the lower limit of the norm by 5 %. In group I, all indicators were recommended as recommended. The bactericidal activity of blood serum was determined by the method of I. M. Karput, lysozyme activity was determined by the nephelometric method according to V. G. Dorofeychuk. Results. As a result of the study, it was found that a decrease in the change in relative air humidity had a negative effect on immunity: the bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum decreased. So, on the 21st day, the indicator of bactericidal activity of blood serum of broiler chickens in group II was lower by 14.2 % (P ≤ 0.05) compared to group I. At 3 weeks of age, the lysozyme activity of the blood serum of chickens of group II was lower by 14.3 % (P ≤ 0.05) compared to the control group. The productivity of birds also decreased to 13.70 % in relation to the control. Scientific novelty. For the first time, we have shown that a decrease in the indicators of relative air humidity at the content of Ross-308 cross broilers during the period of 0–1 days of cultivation by 10 % relative to the lower limit of the norm, during the periods of 5–7, 11–16, 20–22 and 26–35 days – by 5 %, subject to the recommended temperature parameters, has a negative effect on immunity.

Study of the effectiveness of a feed additive for calves based on fungi Trichoderma reesei and Ganoderma Lucidum

Gastrointestinal diseases occupy one of the leading places in terms of frequency and mass manifestation in the structure of pathologies of young farm animals. It is known that the main causes of the death of young cattle (cattle) are various viral and bacterial infections, as well as errors in keeping and feeding. Therefore, the development of feed additives from natural components, characterized by eco-friendly, cheapness, harmlessness in handling and technology in use, to reduce the incidence of animals due to nonspecific stimulation of protective mechanisms in the body remains an urgent task in the form of activation of bactericidal, lysozyme activity of blood serum. In this regard, the aim of the research was to determine the effectiveness of a natural feed additive consisting of the mycelial fungus Trichoderma reesei LA-531 VKPM F-184, a soil isolate – producer of cellulases and hemicellulases, which use to produce feed protein, with the addition of fungus Ganoderma Lucidum, which has an immunomodulatory, antitumor, antiviral, antibiotic properties and is widely used in biotechnology, and sphagnum moss. The experiments were conducted on the basis of the farm of LLC "Biruli" of the Republic of Tatarstan on calves of 2 months of age, with a live weight of 60-70 kg, divided into three groups of 10 heads each. Group 1 calves received a basic ration (BR) with the addition of feed grain mixed with a substrate (moss-sphagnum) at a dose of 1 % of the ration. The calves of the 2nd group received a developed feed additive in addition to the BR (at the rate of 1% of the diet). The calves of the 3 groups were given BR (biological control). The experimental period was 30 days. It is shown that daily addition of a feed additive at a dose of 1% of the basic diet increases the safety of young animals by 20.0 %, leads to a decrease in the incidence of gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases by 40.0 %, contributes to an increase in the average daily weight gain by 30.1 % compared with the control group.

The effect of the Tulatromycin in pregnant cows with genital mycoplasmosis on the indicators of nonspecific resistance of their offspring

Obtaining healthy young animals with good productive potential is one of the main goals of modern animal husbandry, the implementation of which is hindered by diseases of pregnant females of various etiologies. One of these diseases is genital mycoplasmosis of cattle. To date, there is little information about the effect of this disease in maternal cows on the immune status of offspring. We have studied the effect of therapy of pregnant cows with tulatromycin on the indicators of nonspecific resistance of calves obtained from them. It has been established that genital mycoplasmosis in maternal cows leads to inhibition of bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum, as well as phagocytosis indicators in their offspring. The use of tulatromycin for treatment leads to recovery of 75% of sick animals and causes partial normalization of indicators of nonspecific resistance in their offspring. The revealed changes will optimize the treatment regimen of cows with genital mycoplasmosis.

СОСТОЯНИЕ ИММУНИТЕТА У КОРОВ ПРИ ПОСЛЕРОДОВОМ ЭНДОМЕТРИТЕ В ХОЗЯЙСТВАХ ПРИМОРСКОГО КРАЯ

The objective of the research was to study the state of immunity in healthy and endometritic cows on farms in the Primorsky Krai of the Russian Federation. It was established that when studying the absolute and relative number of lymphocytes in sick and healthy cows, the total number of lymphocytes in the postpartum period did not significantly differ and did not change during all study periods, it was within 5.16-6.1 109/l. The number of T and B lymphocytes in healthy cows was significantly higher in all study periods than in cows with endometritis. In patients with postpartum endometritis (the initial stage of body disease, the concentration of class G immunoglobulins on the first day after delivery was by 13.7% lower than in healthy animals, by day 7 it decreased by 25.9%, by day 14 – by 32.7%, by day 28 – increased by 26.7%. The concentration of immunoglobulins M in sick animals on the first day was by 18.5% lower than in healthy animals, on the 7th day – by 30.1%, on the 14th day – by 25.8%, on the day 28 – by 20.83%. When studying non-specific cellular (phagocytic activity of neutrophils) and humoral (bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum), a significantly increased phagocytic activity of leukocytes in healthy animals was established, as compared to sick animals, but the phagocytic number was higher in sick animals. The amount of lysozyme in the serum of healthy animals was at a high level) and the bactericidal activity of serum during all study periods.

GROWTH INTENSITY AND NATURAL RESISTANCE IN CALVES WHEN USING COLOSTRUM OF DIFFERENT QUALITY

As a result of the studies, the positive effect of colostrum obtained from the cows fed during their dry period the Megashans-I and Megashans-II feed additives in the amount of 3% of the dry matter of the diet on the increase in the bactericidal activity of calf blood serum by 2.6 pp (P < 0.05), lysozyme activity of blood serum – by 0.5 p.p. was established (Р<0.01) and the intensity of their growth, which resulted in an increase in the average daily gain by 6.7% (Р<0.05).

Взаимосвязь между нарушением иммунобиохимического профиля крови стельных коров и заболеваемостью телят ротавирусной инфекцией

The conducted studies have established that in the group of deep-calving cows with normal and elevated biochemical parameters, an increase in the content of total protein, glucose, concentration of inorganic calcium, an increase in the activity of ALT and alkaline phosphatase was observed. From immunological indicators, the number of T- and B-cells increased. Here, factors that increase the natural resistance of the body of cows, namely, the increase in bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum, are of great importance. In the group of deep-calving cows, where immunobiochemical parameters in most cases were lower than control analogues, the concentration of total protein, glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, carotene, AST and alkaline phosphatase activity decreased most intensively. Conducting immunological monitoring, a decrease in the number of T- and B-immunocompetent cells was established, bactericidal and lysozyme activity and an indicator of phagocytic activity fell. Draws attention to the weakening of the cellular link of immunity, which indicates the depletion of T-lymphocytes and the development of immunodeficiency states in females. Calves obtained from cow mothers with low immunobiochemical parameters were much more likely to become ill with rotavirus infection, and in half of the diseased calves (26.6 %) a severe form was noted, and in 20 % of the diseased calves a moderate severity of the disease was diagnosed.

ВЛИЯНИЕ НОВОЙ ПРЕБИОТИЧЕСКОЙ КОРМОВОЙ ДОБАВКИ НА ЕСТЕСТВЕННУЮ РЕЗИСТЕНТНОСТЬ И ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ СВИНЕЙ КРУПНОЙ БЕЛОЙ ПОРОДЫ

The article presents the research results of studying the bifidogenic feed additive «Lactu-Super» effect on economically beneficial and interior indicators of pigs during fattening period. It was found that feed with the studied feed additive to the experimental animals increased natural resistance level and immunological status of their organism, which indicates metabolic processes intensification. Thus, blood serum bacteriological activity in these animals was 47,53 %, blood serum lysozyme activity was 41,6 %, which is higher than corresponding parameters in their peers by 23,1 % (P > 0,999) and 39,5 % (P > 0,999). The experimental group animals also showed a moderate increase in phagocytic activity and phagocytic number, which indicates an increase in the overall resistance of their body to all kinds of adverse environmental factors. The results obtained indicate the new feed additive «Lactu-Super» use effectiveness in terms of live weight gain increasing and ensuring pigs resistance to negative stress factors in conditions of intensive cultivation technology. The data on body's resistance can be used to improving the production technology of competitive pig farming products.

The effect of butaselmevit and closaverm A on the immune status of cows with experimental fasciolosis sensitized by atypical mycobacteria

There are many reports in the literature about the critical role of the immune system in protecting the body against foreign agents. However, the role of immune status in the association of mycobacteriosis and fasciolosis has not been studied. The work aimed to investigate the effect of butaselmevit and closaverm A on the immune status of cows with experimental fasciolosis sensitized by atypical mycobacteria. For the trial, 15 cows of 4–5 years of age, black and spotted breed, were selected, from which 3 groups were formed, five animals in each. Cows of the first research group for experimental fasciolosis were injected intramuscularly with closaverm A at a dose of 0.5 ml of the drug per 10 kg of body weight. The animals of the second experimental group, for experimental fasciolosis, were intramuscularly injected with closaverm A at a dose of 0.5 ml of the drug per 10 kg of body weight and butaselmevit at a dose of 10 ml of the drug per animal. The obtained results indicate that the drugs “Klosaverm A” and “Butaselmevit” when administered intramuscularly to cows with experimental fasciolosis, sensitized by atypical mycobacteria, contribute to the activation of cellular and nonspecific links of immunity. It should be noted that a number of our research also established the stimulating effect of drugs on the humoral link of immunity, in particular, an increase in the bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum of cows associated with mycobacteriosis and fasciolosis. Using “Klosaverm A” and “Butaselmevit” drugs in experimental groups of animals helped reduce the level of CIC to physiological values starting from the 21st day of the experiment. It should be noted that according to the indicators of the immune system in cows with experimental fasciolosis, sensitized by atypical mycobacteria, the combined use of closer A and butaselmevit shows a better therapeutic effect than the use of only closaverm A alone.

The immune status of the organism of bulls under cadmium load and the effects of correcting factors

Man-made pollution of the environment through food chains has a significant impact on animal productivity and product quality. The studied environmental pollutant, cadmium, is classified as an extremely dangerous heavy metal. That is why the study of the effect of this toxicant on the immune system of the body of young cattle and the development of its correction is relevant. Research in this direction is relevant and has significant prospects. The experiments were carried out on six-month-old bulls, a Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed. The bulls were subjected to a cadmium load by feeding cadmium chloride with feed at a dose of 0.04 mg/kg of animal body weight. It has been established that the cadmium load in bulls had an immunosuppressive effect on the activity of the immune system, which indicates a decrease in the indicators of humoral and nonspecific parts of the immune defense. To prevent the development of chronic cadmium toxicosis, experimental animals were given the feed additive Metisevit at a dose of 0.36 g/kg of feed and the liposomal preparation Butaintervit at a dose of 5 ml per animal. These preparations contributed to an increase in nonspecific resistance, in particular, an increase in the bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum, phagocytic activity and phagocytic index with a simultaneous decrease in the level of circulating immune complexes in their blood. Under the experimental cadmium load, the best effect on the immune defense of the organism of bulls was exerted by the combined use of the feed additive Metisevit and the liposomal preparation Butaintervit. These changes in the body of young cattle are associated with the complex action of both the components of the feed additive and the liposomal preparation. The liposomal form of Butaintervit has a more pronounced and lasting effect. Metisevit and the liposomal preparation Butaintervit complement the prescribed therapy and, when used together with a cadmium load, show high therapeutic efficacy

Dynamics of some indicators of metabolism and non-specific immunity of calves with enterocolitis

Intestinal diseases of newborn calves, including enterocolitis, are the most common diseases of the digestive system of young cattle. Diseases, as a rule, develop from the first days of life of animals. The aim of the work was to study the dynamics of some indicators of the humoral immunity of newborn calves, as well as to assess the state of metabolism, taking into account the inclusion of probiotics and lipoic acid preparations in the treatment regimen for animals with enterocolitis. Sick animals of the first group (experimental I), in addition to the treatment provided for on the farm (diet therapy and antibiotic therapy), before feeding were asked inside 100 ml of probiotic starter culture based on the Enterococcus faecium L3 strain; to regulate lipid metabolism, a 0.5% solution of lipoic acid was administered intramuscularly at a dose of 2 ml once a day for 10 days. Sick animals of the second group (experimental II) were treated according to the scheme used in the farm. In calves of the I experimental group, in comparison with the animals of the II group, a significantly higher level of glucose, triglycerides and total protein in the blood was established. The amount of cholesterol was slightly higher compared to the initial level, but significantly lower than in the animals of the second experimental group. As a result of immunological studies, it was found that the indicators of nonspecific protection in sick calves of I and II experimental groups at 1-2 days of age had no significant differences. However, at the age of 10 days in calves, the studied parameters differed from each other BASK in the II experimental group was 42.7 ± 2.0% lysis, in animals of the I experimental group -50.4 ± 2.3% lysis (P <0.01), activity of beta-lysines 30.7±1.9%-lysis and 51.1±4.9%-lysis, respectively (P<0.01). Lysozyme activity of blood serum in calves of II and I experimental groups did not differ (P>0.05), and was at the level of 5.0±0.5%lysis and 5.2±0.9%-lysis, respectively. In the course of the studies, a positive effect of a probiotic based on the strain of microorganisms Enterococcus faecium L3 and 0.5% lipoic acid solution was established.

Immune Status of Turkeys in Industrial Cultivation Conditions

The intensification of turkey farming is accompanied by the impact of various dangerous factors on the poultry’s body. This leads to a violation of metabolic processes, an imbalance in the absorption of nutrients, and immunity decrease in turkeys, which determines the relevance of the study in this area. In this regard, figuring out when immunity reduces and, in the future, increasing its effectiveness in the body of turkeys, improving metabolic processes, growth, and development of poultry determined the purpose of this study. It was found that during the first six weeks of intensive cultivation of turkeys, the body’s immune response, the activity of non-specific resistance factors on the influence of biological factors and the intensification of poultry feeding processes were effective. However, from 42 days of poultry rearing, depletion of the immune defence of the turkey body and a decrease in the activity of non-specific resistance factors were observed, which is manifested by a likely decrease in the content of total protein, albumins, and class G and M immunoglobulins in the blood of poultry (P<0.01). Analysis of the protein spectrum of turkey blood serum indicates an immunosuppressive state of the body, probably caused by the action of biological factors. By 42 days, the bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum, phagocytic activity of neutrophils, and T-cell activity of lymphocytes decrease in turkeys. Nonspecific changes in the components of the functional element of the liver were detected, which are accompanied by an increase in the number of lipid inclusions of various sizes, destructive changes in mitochondria, and a decrease in the synthetic activity of cells. Studies of the immune state of the body of turkeys, the activity of factors of non-specific resistance and liver in the cycle of intensive cultivation from 7 to 120 days revealed the presence of a critical period of decrease in the effectiveness of the body’s protection and further adequate correction. The results obtained during this study will be used for educational purposes, implemented in growing turkeys in the production conditions of “Indychka” LLC (Sumy Oblast). They are offered to all farms in Ukraine to produce turkey farming products

Dynamics of indicators of non-specific resistance in cows with genital Mycoplasmosis on the background of therapy with Tulathromycin

Modern livestock breeding technologies imply the maximum use of the productive potential of animals. Animal diseases of various etiologies are a significant obstacle to the fulfillment of this task, causing significant economic damage, consisting of a shortage of products, restrictions on its sale and treatment costs. One such disease is genital mycoplasmosis in cattle. The aim of our research was to study the effect of treatment of genital mycoplasmosis in cows with tulathromycin on some indicators of nonspecific resistance. Studies were carried out on two groups of pregnant cows, a group of animals with mycoplasmosis was treated with tulathromycin, healthy cows served as controls. In both groups of animals, the activity of lysozyme, bactericidal activity of blood serum, phagocytic activity and phagocytic index were determined. It has been established that the use of tulathromycin leads to the recovery of 75% of infected cows, and also leads to an increase in phagocytosis, which does not significantly differ from the level of healthy animals. To a lesser extent, the use of this drug in genital mycoplasmosis affects the bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum.

The influence of biologically active substances on safety of pigs

The results of the influence of the biologically active substance “Amylocin” on nonspecific factors of protection of the organism of sows in the second half of gestation and in the first decade after farrowing are presented. It was found that the cellular indications of the natural resistance of the organism throughout the experiment were higher in the experimental group of the lactating sows, that received the biologically active substance, in comparison with the gestating and lactating sows of the control group. Humoral indications of natural resistance of the organism: lysozyme activity of blood serum was higher in the experimental group of the lactating sows in comparison with gestating and lactating sows of the control group by 12.5 and 5.2%; On the contrary, bactericidal activity of blood serum was higher in group of sows during the second half of gestation by 18.9 and 24.9% than in the experimental and control groups of farrowing sows. There were no postpartum complications in the experimental group of sows, the safety of the obtained young growth was higher by 8.6% in comparison with the control group.