Long-term Development Program Research Articles

The Effect of Traditional Strength Training on Sprint and Jump Performance in 12- to 15-Year-Old Elite Soccer Players: A 12-Month Controlled Trial.

Skratek, J, Kadlubowski, B, and Keiner, M. The effect of traditional strength training on sprint and jump performance in 12- to 15-year-old elite soccer players: a 12-month controlled trial. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2024-The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of traditional strength training on maximum strength (1 repetition maximum in front squat [FS] and back squat [BS]), jump (squat and countermovement jump), and linear sprint (LS) performance (5, 10, and 30 m) in elite young soccer players. A 12-month longitudinal design was chosen, and 48 elite male youth soccer players (age: 12-15 years) were included. The subjects were divided in 2 groups (a strength training group [STG] and a control group [CG]). The intervention group trained for 1 year over a competitive soccer season with additional sessions to their regular soccer practice (4 sessions per week), while the CG did not complete any additional sessions to the regular soccer training (4 sessions per week). The additional strength training (2 sessions per week [each approximately 30 minutes]) consisted of either parallel FS or BS. The squat variants switched in each session. Data were analyzed using a 2 × 3 (group × time) repeated-measures analysis of variance. The main findings of this study were that the STG resulted in significant pretest and post-test improvements in maximum strength (d = 3.75-5.58), jump (d = 0.84-1.14), and LS performance (d = -0.25 to 0.44), while for the CG, smaller increases or performance decreases were measured (maximum strength: d = 1.64-2.7; jump: d = 0.12-0.31; sprint: d = 0.00-025). A significant interaction effect in all variables indicated significant (p < 0.05) stronger performance improvements compared with the CG. Traditional strength training in elite youth soccer players is recommended to increase strength and speed-strength (jump and sprint performance) and should be considered in long-term athletic development programs.

Enterprises’ response strategies towards a mission-oriented innovation initiative – a reflection on China’s indigenous innovation

ABSTRACT Mission-oriented innovation initiatives hold significant value for nations worldwide. Responses of innovative actors account for the final outcomes and achievements of these initiatives, while which are still unexplored. Based on the institutional logics perspective, we develop a framework to elucidate the response strategies of different kinds of enterprises towards the indigenous innovation proposed in the National Middle and Long-Term Program for Science and Technology Development 2006–2020 (MLP), the most influential mission-oriented innovation policy in China during the past 20 years. By combining primary interview materials with secondary data, we initially analyse the logic conflicts that enterprises face, the changes in logic conflict scenarios under this initiative (including the types and degrees of conflicts), and the potential benefits they can get from this initiative. We then delve deeper into investigating their response strategies. Our research provides a new lens for researchers and policymakers.

Design of the intensification method with the help of FracCADE software

The object of research in the work is the FracCADE software, with which it is possible to simulate the process of hydraulic fracturing and well field, on which the intensification method is designed. This hydraulic fracturing simulator was developed by Schlumberger Ltd. based on proven physical principles of hydraulic fracturing to optimize the treatment process and proven in practice. The system includes a range of hydraulic fracturing models, from 2D models to extensive 3D simulations with lateral communication. It includes a number of complementary modules for fracturing fluid and proppant optimization, injection scheduling, real-time monitoring, pressure equalization, production forecasting and economic evaluation. Some models allow simulating the geometry of the fracture, solving proppant concentration problems, and simulating possible shielding due to proppant covering the fracture or the dehydration process. Hydraulic fracturing remains one of the main engineering tools for increasing the productivity of wells. The effect is achieved due to: – creation of a conductive channel (fracture) through the damaged (contaminated) zone around the well, in order to penetrate beyond its boundaries; – spreading of the channel (fracture) in the formation to a considerable depth in order to further increase the productivity of the well; – creation of a channel (fracture), which would allow changing, influencing the fluid flow in the formation. In the latter case, fracturing really becomes an effective tool that allows to manage the operation of the reservoir (in particular, change its filtering characteristics) and implement long-term strategic development programs. The concept of hydraulic fracturing is quite simple. In general, for relatively simple geology, the physical foundations of fracturing theory are fairly well developed and tested. For the most part, the difficulties boil down to two problems: the real geological conditions and the complex multidisciplinary nature of the fracturing process itself. The process of designing fracturing in order to achieve a certain result is closely related to rock mechanics (which affects the geometric parameters of the fracture), fluid hydromechanics (in which the tasks of controlling the flow of the working fluid and placing the proppant in the fracture are solved) and chemistry, which determines the behavior of materials, which are used during hydraulic fracturing. Moreover, the hydraulic fracturing project must take into account the physical limitations imposed by the specifics of the real deposit and well. In addition, to achieve the desired results, the fracturing operation must be carried out in strict accordance with the calculations (that is, a complete cycle in which each operation plays its role).

Organizational and legal assessment of the impact of relocation on the investment and economic policy of enterprises

The object of the study is the process of relocation of Ukrainian enterprises both within the country and abroad. The problem of the study, first of all, is that the relocation of business for domestic business entities was not very relevant recently, and the practical experience of moving capacities is practically absent. An analysis of the difficulties encountered by entrepreneurs when deciding to relocate the company was carried out. In addition, the study examines the enterprise relocation program proposed by the government and its shortcomings that make it difficult to use. It was determined that among the main problems of the state program of relocation are the insufficient information base and awareness of the existing program, the lack of established communication between the participants of the process. It was emphasized that entrepreneurs need additional financing for the time of adaptation and stabilization of their business in new regions, expansion of infrastructure in the form of creation of business incubators, business hubs and business accelerators. However, there are almost no innovative relocation companies in the studied regions. It is necessary to stimulate innovative activity with long-term sectoral development programs and fiscal incentives, since the relocation of enterprises in modern conditions is an effective tool for the restoration of entrepreneurial activity in new regions of the country, which in turn ensures the relative stability of the economy, provides jobs, guarantees the production of national products and services, as well as the possibility of their implementation on the international market. Potential solutions have been analyzed and determined, which can contribute to revitalizing the relocation of businesses and making the process more successful. However, this requires state support and additional funding, which will help bring the enterprise relocation program to a new level, which in turn will help enterprises to continue their activities and have a positive impact on the state's economy. This study can become a reference point for Ukrainian business in the near future. Also, the research can be useful for the authorities, the public and the university environment.

ДОХОДЫ И ЖИЛИЩНЫЕ УСЛОВИЯ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ КАК ФАКТОРЫ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯ НА ДЕМОГРАФИЮ В РЕГИОНАХ

The issues of choosing indicators of well-being, level, and quality of life of the population in the scientific community often cause well-founded discussions. The authors of the presented work believe that one of the most significant indicators, considering the availability of information and a fairly broad interpretation, is life expectancy in the territory. This is since this category reflects the general level of development of the region under study, i.e. describes the health, social, environmen-tal, demographic, political and other spheres now, and considers the prospects of functioning. This indicator is also important for the economy, since it is considered in long-term development pro-grams, directly affects the labor market and the activities of social services. In this regard, the basic indicator in this work is life expectancy. The subjects of the Central Federal District (CFD) are the object of monitoring. In the presented article, based on the identified dependencies for the period from 2000 to 2021, the relationship between life expectancy and infrastructural factors is substanti-ated using the example of the regions of the Central Federal District. The latter have found expres-sion in the real incomes of the population and the number of families in need of a change of housing. From the authors' point of view, the situation is aggravated by insufficient rates of housing renova-tion and insignificant income growth. The studied and identified relationships and dependencies can be applied within the framework of national and regional development, as well as draw the attention of representatives of territorial administrations to the level of satisfaction with housing stock, and the population to issues related to financial capital management.

ПІДТРИМКА РОЗВИТКУ ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО ПІДПРИЄМНИЦТВА В УМОВАХ РЕЛОКАЦІЇ

The article presents the results of the analysis of the theoretical, organizational and practical foundations of supporting innovative enterprises and entrepreneurship in the conditions of business relocation under wartime conditions. The organizational and logistical measures of government support for relocated business, the conditions for its further adaptation, including the enterprise relocation program, are considered, and the shortcomings that complicate its implementation are indicated. It was determined that among the main problems of the state program of relocation are the insufficient information base and awareness of the existing program, the lack of established communication between the participants of the process. Potential solutions have been analyzed and determined, which can contribute to revitalizing the relocation of businesses and making the process more successful. The need for state support and additional financing was emphasized, which will help bring the enterprise relocation program to a new level, which, in turn, will help enterprises continue their activities and positively influence the development of the state economy. The assessment of the main indicators of innovative activity in Ukraine was carried out. Statistics of enterprises that need relocation and statistics of the number of applications regarding requests for relocation of enterprises in 2022 are provided. Popular business relocation routes in Ukraine have been identified and evaluated. The complexities of relocation are analyzed and potential solutions are identified that will help increase the effectiveness of the state relocation program. Two groups of entrepreneurs are identified and described: those who chose relocation as a way to save their business and did not think about it until the full-scale war; and those who considered such an option and saw in it an opportunity for growth. It was established that in Ukraine there are almost no relocating enterprises working in the innovative field, which has been very neglected in recent years, as it is absolutely not stimulated by long-term sectoral development programs or fiscal incentives.

Reforming Assessment Methods: Addressing the Gaps in Pakistan's Education System

Introduction: Present article discusses the current assessment modalities in Pakistan's educational context, highlighting gaps and issues, and provides a framework for improvement based on existing evidence. Methodology: The study reviews Literature as primary sources to identify major concerns in the educational assessment system. Key issues include an over-reliance on end-of-year assessments that reward memorization, and a lack of formative assessments critical for providing feedback and informing instructional methods. Results/Findings: Findings reveal that many educators lack proper training in modern assessment techniques. This deficiency, coupled with the general shortcomings of the educational system, hampers effective student evaluation and progress. Future Direction: The article recommends promoting formative assessments for feedback, implementing long-term professional development programs to enhance teachers’ assessment literacy, and encouraging project-based learning. Additionally, the use of technology-based tests is advocated to make assessments more effective and useful, helping to address learning gaps among different student groups.

Long-term supportable development programs for railway systems

Supportable programs were embodied in 17 Supportable Development Goals and approved in the 2030 agenda of the United Nations Organization, to avoid environmental degradation and establish a more prosperous world, with peace and justice in the eradication of poverty. The objective of this research was to characterize the different stages of supportable programs for railway systems in the long term, considering the useful life of the railway infrastructure and the dependence on subsidies. However, the long-term supportable programs of rail systems supported by subsidies have the possibility of reaching a stage of maturity at the same time as the economic explosion of the environment, on the other hand, the longterm supportable programs of rail systems that do not have subsidies are intended for inoperability and lack of reinvestment. A mixed methodological analysis was carried out to identify the subsidy. parameters used by the supportable development programs in railway systems in their different stages of the project. Sources of formal and informal scientific, technical, and empirical information were the basis for identifying the strategic sources of subsidies that generate stability and quality of service.

Functional capabilities of the calculation methodology of railway approach embankment to engineering structures taking into account temperature effect and interaction of reinforcing piles with soil

For the smooth operation of the railway infrastructure, it is necessary to ensure the proper functioning of the roadbed embankment and engineering structures (pipe-culverts, bridges and overpasses), which corresponds to the long-term development programme of the open joint-stock company «Russian Railways» approved by the Government of the Russian Federation dated 19 March 2019 N 466-R. In the interface zones of nonhomogenous structures, namely roadbed embankments and engineering structures, ground distortion (soil settlement) occur, which leads to a change in the dynamic impact on engineering structures (pipe-culverts, bridges and overpasses) and, as a consequence, to their accelerated damage. The timeliness of the topic is determined by the target programmes for railway transport infrastructure optimisation, ensuring uninterrupted operation, reliability of engineering structures and roadbed. When designing engineering structures, a number of solutions are used to ensure reliable functioning of the roadbed — engineering structure system (pipe-culvert, bridge substructure, tunnel, laying of communications). The problem is that their application is ineffective without scientific and regulatory support and is limited by the lack of effective solutions to ensure the rigidity of the roadbed structure on the approaches to the engineering structure. In this connection, new constructive and technical solutions development for the interface of the roadbed — engineering structure system is an urgent task. The article considers railway transportations as a production process, the smooth functioning of which is ensured by smooth conjugation of approach embankments with engineering structures (bridges, pipe-culverts, underground communications). In the interface zone there are soil settlements, damage to the roadbed integrity, deformations leading to the appearance of additional dynamic forces and the emergence of irregularities and even destruction of the road pavement (on motorways), as well as damage to the engineering structures themselves.

Study of the Prospects of Development of the Eastern Polygon on the Trans-Siberian Highway

The modern Russian and world economies pose new challenges for the Russian Railways, in the solution of which the Holding must increase its global competitiveness, make a positive contribution to the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation. The development of the eastern BAM test site and the Trans-Siberian Railway plays a key role in this issue and is especially relevant at the present time, because the sanctions pressure from the EU and the USA have influenced the change in cargo transportation strategies in Russia. The provocations of the West contributed to a new push in the modernization of railway routes. Russian Railways and the government of the Russian Federation are actively working to increase the volume of cargo transported by 110 million tons through the eastern highways. The purpose of this work was to assess the development of the Eastern Polygon to eliminate the shortage of capacity for the carriage of goods by rail, in the implementation of the draft Long-Term Development Program of Russian Railways until 2025 and a comprehensive plan for the modernization and expansion of the main infrastructure for the period up to 2024, approved by the order of the Government of the Russian Federation Federation dated September 30, 2018 No.2101-r.

State Policy of the Russian Federation in the Field of Volunteerism: Institutional Foundations

The article reveals essential characteristics and results of institutional foundations evolution of the Russian Federation public policy in the field of volunteering. The authors identify four stages in formation and development of institutional framework for regulation of the institution of volunteerism: the stage of implementation of Western norms and experiences (1990-1995); the stage of creating of legal norms for regulation of volunteering and orientation of volunteerism to the performance of significant social functions (1995-2005); the stage of integrating volunteering into long-term state development programs and expanding the practice of volunteer activity (2006-2018); the stage of consolidating national priorities in the field of volunteerism and formalizing it as a unified system of civic activities and intersectoral interaction (2018 - to date). The authors conclude that a national model for development of volunteerism has been already created in modern Russia. This model integrates ideological, legal, social, political, managerial and economic components; ensures close interaction between volunteer structures and public authorities. Prospects for institutional development of volunteerism are associated with formalization and generalization of practices that take shape in conditions of socio-political crises based on Russian civic identity. They are focused on mass participation of citizens of various ages, motivated by humanistic and civic motives.

IMPROVING THE RELIABILITY OF GAS TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS TO ENSURE THE ENERGY INDEPENDENCE OF THE COUNTRY

The authors of this article made an extensive analysis of the state of the natural gas pipeline transport systems in the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan. A detailed assessment of the existing gas pipeline of certain regions of Kazakhstan, factors determining the reliability of the system, and ways to improve the efficiency and reliability of natural gas pipeline transport in the near future are given. Natural gas is one of the most important energy resources. Ever-increasing demand increases the value of fossil fuels. Today, the gas industry is one of the country's intensively developing industries, if our country ranks 22nd in the world in terms of reserves, then it ranks 3rd among the CIS countries after Russia and Turkmenistan. There are about 80 gas producing companies operating in the republic, then more than 20 of them send gas to gas pipelines to ensure domestic consumption and realize the export needs of the country. About 98% of the proven gas reserves are located in the west of the country, in turn, about 87% are concentrated in large oil and gas and gas condensate fields. In the country's long-term development programs, special attention is paid to improving the efficiency of the use of natural resources and the development and implementation of measures to reduce energy consumption per unit of gross domestic product (GDP). The gas transmission system organizes uninterrupted supply of natural gas to consumers, maintenance and repair of linear structures, compressor and gas distribution stations and underground gas storage facilities.

Environmental sustainability for traditional energy small and medium enterprises.

The improvement of production processes, the development and use of new technologies, materials and energy infrastructure, the transition to new fuels, and the growth of energy consumption-all gives impetus to the advancement and continuous modernization of the energy sector. Hence, the transition to the concept of sustainable development poses new challenges to the energy sector: meeting the increasing demand for energy should occur while reducing the sector's anthropogenic impact on the environment. The energy sector must meet the requirements of sustainable development, for this, it needs to carry out a large-scale eco-modernization of the energy infrastructure, when the environmental component comes to the fore when developing long-term development programs for individual enterprises. Although the introduction of the principles of sustainable development may become one of the drivers for improving the efficiency of energy enterprises and achieving environmental sustainability, they have been introduced in a small part of enterprises. The purpose of this study is to define key principles and factors that should be included in the concept of environmental sustainability in traditional energy SMEs. Based on the results of the study, a list of factors that have a direct impact on the environmental sustainability of traditional energy facilities has been formed.

КОМЕРЦІАЛІЗАЦІЯ РЕЗУЛЬТАТІВ ІННОВАЦІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ СПІЛЬНИХ УКРАЇНСЬКО-КИТАЙСЬКИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ

Research objective. The objective of this study is to examine the current state of the establishment of joint Ukrainian-Chinese enterprises and to analyse the prospects for the formation of business associations engaged in commercialization of the results of innovative activities in Ukraine and China on a mutually beneficial basis. Research methodology. In the paper, the authors examined the innovation process in Ukraine and China in order to substantiate the feasibility of establishing joint Ukrainian-Chinese companies engaged in the commercialization of innovative solutions. The review of publications demonstrated China’s significant achievements and global leadership in innovation. The paper describes a set of prerequisites that led to China’s innovative leadership. The considered prerequisites and the chronology of the legislative regulation of the Ukrainian-Chinese cooperation in the field of innovation activity allow to state that there are prospects of establishing joint Chinese-Ukrainian enterprises. A review of the development of the Ukrainian-Chinese partnership in historical retrospect shows the advantages and disadvantages involved in the establishment of joint Ukrainian-Chinese enterprises. In line with the findings of the study, the prospects for the organization of innovative joint ventures are outlined. The dominance of the Chinese system of state control and management of economic development over the private sector is emphasized. Conclusions. The authors conclude that China intends to use planned economic expansion to conquer foreign markets and subjugate all continents to its sphere of influence. The creation of Sinoforeign joint ventures also fits into the scheme of the superiority of the Chinese economic model over the Western model of economic relations. Ukrainian-Chinese joint ventures are also influenced by China's global long-term development program. Examples of Chinese investments in the Ukrainian economy and the placement of Ukrainian capital in China confirm the above observations. In each of the cited cases, the advantage of the Chinese influence over the partner party can be traced. It is relevant that China achieves this state of affairs by keeping the levers of influence in the hands of the state at all levels of state management of the country's economy. Practical implications. The results of this study are of interest to representatives of business structures that are interested in implementing projects on commercialization of the results of innovation activities. The authors conclude that in the process of creating joint ventures one should look for the “do no harm” sector, which maintains a level playing field for partners. Originality/value. This study highlights the similarities and differences in approaches to creating innovative joint ventures in Ukraine and China. The authors emphasize that China systematically defends the interests of both state-owned and private Chinese companies in foreign and domestic markets. In the domestic market, foreign investors are regulated, while in the foreign market, this is achieved through a set of measures that include financial instruments, intergovernmental agreements, and many other effective mechanisms to ensure success. China benefits most from international globalization and free trade.

Сокращение расхода электроэнергии грузовыми магистральными электровозами 2(3)ЭС5С при работе в энергоэффективном режиме по итогам эксплуатационных испытаний

Purpose: To evaluate the reduction in power specific consumption by freight mainline loco-motives 2(3)ES5S when operating in power-efficient mode (automatic speed control in com-bination with discrete-adaptive switch on/off of Traction Electric Drive depending on an in-stantaneous load), obtained from the results of operational tests. Methods: Array records analysis of on-board recorder made it possible to establish the nature of the dependence of locomotive efficiency degree from its power consumption. Way for controlling multi-engine traction electric drive efficiency in traction mode has been developed and patented. Computer modeling has allowed to obtain preliminary estimate to increase power efficiency. Speed au-tomatic controller block is built using finite automation theory method. The proposed changes, aimed at locomotive power efficiency improvement, have been introduced into top-level con-trol system. Final ratings of power consumption have been obtained during operational trials. Results: The analysis of results obtained during two trips on about 7-thousand-ton mass trains along section with hilly profile of 108 km length is presented. Ceteris paribus, during second trip, when electric locomotive was operating in power-efficient mode (discrete-adaptive con-trol of operating traction drive number in combination with speed automatic control), specific consumption reduction of electric power for traction was achieved on 25% in comparison with the first trip when all 12 traction motors were constantly working. Practical importance: Long-term development program of JSC Russian Railways provides for cost consistent reduc-tion for electric power that’s a purchased (consumed) product. In particular, optimization is planned in such direction as reducing specific consumption of power and fuel for train trac-tion.

The Potential for Industrial Tourism Development in Ukraine: Kryvyi Rih Case Study

The aim of the article is to investigate the industrial tourist potential of the city of Kryvyi Rih based on the identification and description of its industrial heritage. The potential for industrial tourism development in Kryvyi Rih as a city with a powerful base of active industrial facilities and heritage sites is revealed. Attention is focused on the importance and necessity of using its this potential for tourism development by declaring this goal in medium and long-term development programs and strategies. Examples of using the city’s industrial heritage as tourist attractions are given. Problems and prospective directions for industrial tourism development in Kryvyi Rih are highlighted.

Exploration and Practice of Cultivating Multidimensional Design Innovation Ability

This paper relies on the background of the "National Medium and Long-Term Science and Technology Development Program (2006-2020)" and "National Medium- and Long-term Education Reform and Development Program (2010-2020)" issued by the State Council . The document emphasizes the importance and urgency of cultivating innovative talents. This article takes the "Product Development and Design" course as a carrier to explore the multi-dimensional and jointly driven innovative talent training methods such as goal orientation, school-enterprise collaboration, science and education integration, and competition platform. Through: ① Build a three-tier progressive curriculum project system to help students internalize the theory and lay the foundation for practice. ②Create a school-enterprise mutual-feeding joint training method , supported by enterprise projects, and form classroom and project mutual-feeding. ③Set up the second classroom of scientific and technological innovation , with the precise drive of the four-in-one team + project + platform (competition platform) + innovation (Internet +, rural revitalization, etc.), to build a five-level integration of teaching, production, competition, research, and theoretical practice for improvement way . ④ Construct a process-based, output-oriented, quantifiable and controllable, multi-channel feedback capability achievement evaluation standard . Multi-dimensional innovative ways to explore the training mode of applied innovative talents. It is hoped that it can solve the problem of connecting the innovation ability of students and the innovation level required by enterprises.

Development and implementation of a process safety competency development program (PSCDP) for process safety engineers: A unique collaboration between industry (SABIC) and academia (MKOPSC)

Process Safety Competencies are demonstrable knowledge,skills,behaviors and attitudes required to perform process safety related jobs. They are critical to the successful implementation of any process safety management program in the process industry.This paper shares the experience of the collaboration between a major multinational chemical manufacturing company, Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC) and an academic institution, the Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center (MKOPSC) of Texas A&M University at Qatar (TAMU-Q) for the development and implementation of a comprehensive and long-term Process Safety Competency Development Program (PSCDP) for SABIC process safety engineers. It outlines the fundamental guiding principles and mechanism for building the PSCDP and provides a description of the structure and content of the program as well as its implementation in the 2017–2021 period. The preliminary results and impact of the program on the trainee engineers at SABIC are highlighted along with the benefit of engaging in such a program for both the company and the academic institution.

Digitalization of railway station complexes

Background: Digital railway is the most important global trend in the development of railway transport. Smart station is part of the digital railway concept. Currently, there is no unambiguous solution to the problem of how to introduce advanced information technologies to improve the efficiency and level of service of the railway transport system in the station complexes. The construction of new and reconstruction of existing station complexes in accordance with the concept of smart station is also relevant for Russian railways.&#x0D; Aim: identify priority areas for the development of station complexes; to characterize the main measures for the digitalization of the management system of railway stations of Russian Railways.&#x0D; Materials and Methods: in the course of the study, a systematic approach, analysis, synthesis, methods and tools for statistical data processing were used: tabular method, methods for calculating average and relative values, methods for analyzing dynamics. Activities for the digitalization of station management systems were evaluated on the basis of methods for evaluating the effectiveness of investment projects in the field of railway transport. The information base consists of the works of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of digitalization of railways, the development of railway stations, as well as strategic documents of Russian Railways: Long-term program for the development of railway stations of the Directorate of Railway Stations a branch of Russian Railways for the period up to 2025; The concept of efficient use and development of railway stations for the period up to 2030; Development strategy of the Russian Railways holding for the period up to 2030; Long-term development program of Russian Railways until 2025.&#x0D; Results: the world trends in the development of station complexes are considered; clarified the essence of the category smart station; the characteristics of the main directions of digitalization of the station complexes of Russian Railways are given.&#x0D; Conclusion: the concept of smart station is the basis for changes in the organization of the activities of station complexes being implemented in modern conditions. The introduction of digitalization contributes to an increase in the efficiency of all types of activities of the station complexes of Russian Railways.

Research on the deep integration of education informatization and English teaching under the background of "Internet +"

With the rapid development of information technology, people pay more and more attention to the education mode dominated by flipped classroom, micro class, MOOC and other new technologies. China's education work gradually enters the era of "Internet + education", which not only changes the traditional education concept, but also presents the classroom atmosphere of teacher-student interaction. According to the analysis of China's long-term education reform and development program, education informatization has been promoted to the height of the country's overall development strategy. In this context, English teachers should not only grasp the development opportunities of the new era, actively respond to the challenges of The Times, but also establish a sense of independent learning and anxiety, and integrate information technology and English teaching. Therefore, after understanding the basic characteristics and development status of education informatization under the background of "Internet +", this paper explores how to build an information education service system in depth according to the construction principles of English information teaching system, and clarifies the precautions and teaching strategies for the deep integration of education informatization and English teaching.