Part Of Logic Research Articles

Design of Target Recognition System Based on Machine Learning Hardware Accelerator

Target recognition system based on machine learning has the problems of long delay, high power-consuming and high cost, which cause it difficult to be promoted in some small embedded devices. In order to develop a target recognition system based on machine learning that can be utilized in small embedded device, this paper analyzes the commonly used design process of target recognition, the training process of machine learning algorithms, and the working method of FPGA to accelerate the algorithm. In the end, it offers a new solution of target recognition system based on machine learning hardware accelerator. In the solution, the training process of target recognition algorithm based on machine learning is completed in GPU, and then the algorithm is porting to the logic part of SOC in the form of hardware accelerator. The solution be widely used in different needs of the target recognition scenario with the advantage of effectively reduce the system delay, power consumption, size.

Improving ICs reliability with high speed thermal mapping

The power elements are the weak parts of integrated circuits (ICs), in fact, through these elements the power is usually dissipated as heat with unavoidable thermal and mechanical stress. On the contrary the logic parts of ICs stay at lower temperatures. This gives rise to two effects: the non-uniform generation of the heat across the die and the temperature gradients. Understanding these phenomena is very important to choose the right location of sensitive components, like thermal sensors, in order to improve reliability. As a consequence, the knowledge of the temporal evolution of the temperature distribution plays a very important role to improve both design and lifetime. Here we show how a single IR sensor based experimental setup is suitable to catch very fast thermal events performing high spatial resolution. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the method maps for three IC samples where an accurate thermal modeling for reliability has been obtained and validated, greatly improving the overall quality.

Formal verification of dynamic hybrid systems: a NuSMV-based model checking approach

Software security is an important and challenging research topic in developing dynamic hybrid embedded software systems. Ensuring the correct behavior of these systems is particularly difficult due to the interactions between the continuous subsystem and the discrete subsystem. Currently available security analysis methods for system risks have been limited, as they rely on manual inspections of the individual subsystems under simplifying assumptions. To improve this situation, a new approach is proposed that is based on the symbolic model checking tool NuSMV. A dual PID system is used as an example system, for which the logical part and the computational part of the system are modeled in a unified manner. Constraints are constructed on the controlled object, and a counter-example path is ultimately generated, indicating that the hybrid system can be analyzed by the model checking tool.

GRAMMATICALIZATION OF “BAŞLAMAK”

The present paper is concerned with the grammaticalization of the Turkish aspectual verb başlamak. The paper analyses the level of autonomy of başlamak with Ch. Lehmann’s parameters of grammaticalization. These parameters are based on three criteria, i.e. weight, cohesion and variability, which act on syntagmatic and paradigmatic axes. The weight of a sign viewed paradigmatically is its integrity or semantic and phonological complexity. Viewed syntagmatically, it is its structural scope, i.e. the extent of constructions it helps to form. For başlamak no signs of phonological attrition (gradual loss of phonological substance) were found. Semantically it has inceptive meaning and acts both as main and functional verb with no change of meaning. Başlamak forms constructions with verbal nouns ending in –maya/-meye , which generally belong to dynamic situation types. The cohesion of a sign on paradigmatic level is depicted by its paradigmaticity, i.e. the degree to which a sign enters a paradigm. On syntagmatic level the cohesion of a sign is associated with the degree to which it depends on or attaches to other signs. Başlamak is the main means of expressing initial phase in the Turkish language. Verbal constructions with it are built according to the schema where başlamak follows a verbal noun, ending in –maya /-meye , are easily divided into logical parts and are not phraseologically related. Paradigmatic variability is the freedom with which the language user chooses a sign which is concerned with the restrictions on its usage. Başlamak is used with no limitations in the structures and forms peculiar to the Turkish language. Syntagmatic variability, in the case of a grammaticalized sign, concerns mainly its positional mutability with respect to those constituents with which it enters into construction. Başlamak is located in the postposition to its complement and syntactically serves link verbs functions majorly acting as a part of complex predicate. The analysis shows that development of başlamak doesn’t show many signs of desemanticization, obligatorification, coalescence and other processes characteristic to grammaticalization. Being semantically neutral and syntagmatically and paradigmatically variable it occupied its slot in expressing initial phase of action in the Turkish language.

A Sensor Cloud for the Provision of Secure and QoS-Aware Healthcare Services

Nowadays, the integration of wireless sensor networks (WSN) with cloud computing is of great interest to healthcare research and industry. In this context, the design and development of sensor clouds enables the integration of several WSNs to improve the reliability, extensibility and availability of these networks. It also enhances the development of large-scale healthcare services and decouples the physical part, which contains wireless sensors, from the logical part providing services to end users. This paper proposes a novel sensor cloud architecture to monitor high-risk patients anytime and anywhere. On top of the physical sensors, we build virtual sensors with respect to the medical staff’s requests. These virtual entities are dynamically created and updated based on the patient’s location and health status, and the occurrence of sensitive events related to the status of the assigned physical sensors. Moreover, the configuration of virtual sensors is enriched with new functions of monitoring, maintenance, security and power saving to make their utilization efficient. New authentication protocols are also proposed to anonymously authenticate high-risk patients and provide evidence regarding the real involvement of wireless sensors in data collection. The proposed architecture enables the medical staff to benefit from new medical services and improves the quality of life of high-risk patients by ensuring a continuous monitoring of their medical state anywhere and anytime. A simulation is conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed healthcare architecture.

High-speed X-ray imaging spectroscopy system with Zynq SoC for solar observations

We have developed a system combining a back-illuminated Complementary-Metal–Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) imaging sensor and Xilinx Zynq System-on-Chip (SoC) device for a soft X-ray (0.5–10 keV) imaging spectroscopy observation of the Sun to investigate the dynamics of the solar corona. Because typical timescales of energy release phenomena in the corona span a few minutes at most, we aim to obtain the corresponding energy spectra and derive the physical parameters, i.e., temperature and emission measure, every few tens of seconds or less for future solar X-ray observations. An X-ray photon-counting technique, with a frame rate of a few hundred frames per second or more, can achieve such results. We used the Zynq SoC device to achieve the requirements. Zynq contains an ARM processor core, which is also known as the Processing System (PS) part, and a Programable Logic (PL) part in a single chip. We use the PL and PS to control the sensor and seamless recording of data to a storage system, respectively. We aim to use the system for the third flight of the Focusing Optics Solar X-ray Imager (FOXSI-3) sounding rocket experiment for the first photon-counting X-ray imaging and spectroscopy of the Sun.

TOSCA-based container orchestration on Mesos

Container virtualization evolved into a key technology for deployment automation in line with the DevOps paradigm. Whereas container management systems facilitate the deployment of cloud applications by employing container-based artifacts, parts of the deployment logic have been applied before to build these artifacts. Current approaches do not integrate these two deployment phases in a comprehensive manner. Limited knowledge on application software and middleware encapsulated in container-based artifacts leads to maintainability and configuration issues. Besides, the deployment of cloud applications is based on custom orchestration solutions leading to lock-in problems. In this paper, we propose a two-phase deployment method based on the TOSCA standard. We present integration concepts for TOSCA-based orchestration and deployment automation using container-based artifacts. Our two-phase deployment method enables capturing and aligning all the deployment logic related to a software release leading to better maintainability. Furthermore, we build a container management system, which is composed of a TOSCA-based orchestrator on Apache Mesos, to deploy container-based cloud applications automatically.

A person re-identification framework by inlier-set group modeling for video surveillance

Recognizing the same person across different camera views is crucial and yet difficult task in video surveillance. The difficulty lies in finding the matched image-pair against drastic variations in appearances and structures of the individuals. In this article, we present a three stage person re-identification framework to establish the correspondence among persons observed across non-overlapping camera views. In first stage, we propose to apply an algorithm for handling the illumination variations in image pairs. A pyramidal body partitioning scheme is then introduced to handle the viewpoint variations, in which it segments the pedestrian image into several logical parts. In second stage, we formulate an ensemble weighted hypergraph partitioning strategy that divides the gallery candidates into a set of groups with high intra-group and low inter-group commonality. A weighing scheme is suggested to find the contribution of each feature channel towards defining a group. Furthermore, we generate a set of inlier groups for each probe, where the probability of finding the desired match pair is high. In final stage, contributory weights are fused with the correlation-based similarity measure to find the corresponding match within the inlier group. Extensive experiments are carried out on three challenging datasets to evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed framework. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed framework can achieve better performance compared with the existing methods.

Extensible On-Chip Interconnect Architecture and Routing Methodology for NOC

Network-On-Chip (NOC) plays an important role in improving the performance of multi-core systems. Objectives: This paper proposes an alternative architecture for Networking-On-Chip which will improvise the Routing Efficiency of Network-On-Chip. Methods/Statistical Analysis: In the presented alternative architecture, we used a routing technique which uses Agents which are designed and made as a part of routing logic. We designed Hand-shake and multi-point packet injection systems. Findings: We introduced a Global routing mechanism and Temperature parameters in the design. This design is scalable to Hetero-generous and Homogeneous networks, it is power efficient. The experimental results reduces the Area, Power and Latency, And increases the Efficiency of the system. Application/Improvements: Routing efficiency for Heterogeneous MpSOC. Keywords: Agents, Global Routing, Network On Chip (NOC), Processing Elements, Routing Techniques

A new redundancy resolution for underwater vehicle–manipulator system considering payload

For the motion coordination problem between the underwater vehicle and manipulator of the underwater vehicle–manipulator system, a new redundancy resolution method is proposed and investigated. The proposed method mainly has two parts: a fuzzy logic part and a multitasks weighted gradient projection method part. The fuzzy logic part is used to decide the weight factors of the motion distribute matrix and the priorities of all the secondary objectives, while the multitasks weighted gradient projection method part is used to handle the secondary objectives with the weight factors and priorities decided by the fuzzy logic part. Moreover, a new secondary objective is proposed to optimize underwater vehicle–manipulator system’s attitude, which takes the payload into consideration. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed redundancy resolution is verified through some comparative simulations.

Independent Candidates in the Concurrent Regional Election in South Sulawesi: What is Independent and Why?

Researchers in many countries consider that independent candidates affect the quality of elections wherein independent candidates can enhance the consolidation of democracy within the context of political openness, bring about more competitive elections, and become an established pathway for alternative leadership figures. In Indonesia, these conclusions need to be further explored with the implementation of provisions regarding independent candidates in local elections. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to illustrate the political events involving each individual candidate based on questions of individual actions. The main questions relate to why candidates choose the path of an independent, what capital they have, why are independent candidates more influential than others, and what are the consequences of their presence for democracy in Indonesia. This paper concludes that the independent track is merely one of the means available, in addition to the party, in pursuing political office in local elections. There is no apparent footing relating to what independent candidates stand for. Moreover, there is yet to be an independent candidate who is truly a social activist wanting to promote alternative issues, a representative of interest groups, or a representative of classes in the local community. Independent candidates are a part of a Schumpeterian procedural logic which is merely for political elite circulation. To put it simply, there is nothing new and rejuvenating in the practices of local democracy in Indonesia.

A Notion of Logical Concept Based on Plural Reference

In To be is to be the object of a possible act of choice (Studia Logica, 96, 289–313, 2010) the authors defended Boolos’ thesis that plural quantification is part of logic. To this purpose, plural quantification was explained in terms of plural reference, and a semantics of plural acts of choice, performed by an ideal team of agents, was introduced. In this paper, following that approach, we develop a theory of concepts that—in a sense to be explained—can be labeled as a theory of logical concepts. Within this theory, we propose a new logicist approach to natural numbers. Then, we compare our logicism with Frege’s traditional logicism.

Artificial emotional reinforcement learning for automatic generation control of large‐scale interconnected power grids

This study proposes an artificial emotional reinforcement learning (ERL) controller for automatic generation control (AGC) of large-scale interconnected power grids. In the scheme of ERL, the agent consists of two parts, a mechanical logical part and a humanistic emotional part, which essentially develop the control strategies of the agent. These two parts in proposed controller are introduced by reinforcement learning (RL) and artificial emotion (AE), respectively. The ERL controller can generate different control strategies depending on the operating scenarios, by highly integrating AE functions, which are quadratic function, exponential function, and linear function, respectively, with the elements of RL, such as action, learning rate, and reward function. The effectiveness of ERL controller with nine control strategies has been demonstrated considering AGC on a two-area load frequency control power system and China Southern Power Grid (CSG) power system. Results of simulation show the superior performance of ERL over that of proportional-integral control and four RL techniques.

Controller-proxy: Scaling network management for large-scale SDN networks

Software defined networking (SDN) decouples the control and data plane of a network, which then drastically increases its flexibility and programmability. In large-scale networks such as data center networks, the scalability of a network is often limited by the SDN control plane because of a high flow arrival rate and uneven hotspot distribution. The objective of this paper is to design new mechanisms that utilize the computing resources in switches to scale up the SDN control plane without sacrificing the advantages of SDN. For this purpose, we propose the controller-proxy method, in which the SDN control plane can dynamically delegate a part of the event-processing logic to switches and utilize the computing resources in switches instead of handling OpenFlow events in the controllers. Experimental results show that controller-proxy method can reduce the workload of the control plane and improve the scalability of SDN networks by relieving the control path bottleneck.

Serious game based personalized healthcare system for dysphonia rehabilitation

An assistive training tool for rehabilitation of dysphonia is designed, developed and iteratively evaluated and optimized according to the practical clinical needs. The assistive tool employs serious games as the attractive logic part, and running on the tablet with normal microphone and/or Kinect2 as voice input device. The patient is able to play the game as well as conduct the voice training simultaneously guided by therapists at clinic, while not be interfered, or do rehabilitation exercise independently at home. The voice information can be recorded and extracted for evaluation of the long-time rehabilitation progress. This paper outlines a design science approach for the development of an useful software prototype of such a tool. Both therapists and sufferers have provided earnest suggestions for the improvement. Seven pitch estimation algorithms have been evaluated and compared with selected patients voice database. A series of benchmarks have been generated during the evaluation process for technology selection. Finally, a refined emotion wheel questionnaire is designed to evaluate the controllability and the happiness.

ARKHAM: An Advanced Refinement toolkit for Handling Service Level Agreements in Software-Defined Networking

Software-Defined Networking (SDN) provides a more sophisticated and flexible architecture for managing and monitoring network traffic. SDN moves part of the decision-making logic (i.e., flow processing and packet routing) from network devices into a logically centralized controller. However, the expected behavior and configuration of network devices are often defined directly in the controller as static rules for specific situations. This approach becomes an issue when associated with an increasing number of network elements, links, and services, resulting in a large amount of rules and a high overhead related to network configuration. As an alternative, techniques such as Policy-Based Network Management (PBNM) and more specifically policy refinement can be used by operators to write Service Level Agreements (SLAs) in a user-friendly interface without the need to manually reconfigure each network device. To address these issues, we specifically introduce ARKHAM: an Advanced Refinement Toolkit for Handling SLAs in SDN. In this article, we present (i) a policy authoring framework that uses logical reasoning for the specification of business-level goals and to automate their refinement; (ii) an OpenFlow controller which performs information gathering and configuration deployment; (iii) a policy repository that stores information about the behavior of the infrastructure, which is obtained by the OpenFlow Controller, and policy authoring operations; and (iv) a formal representation using event calculus that describes our solution. The main contributions of this work are (i) the capacity to deploy refined policies with minimal human intervention; (ii) analysis of the infrastructure's ability to fulfill the requirements of high-level policies; (iii) decreased amount of network rules coded into the controller; and (iv) management and deployment of new rules with minimal disruption to the network. The experimental results demonstrate that the refinement toolkit achieves the expected results within acceptable performance bounds, even with the increasing complexity and size of SLAs, network topologies, and repositories.

KODĖL ARISTOTELIS NESVARSTĖ TUŠČIŲ TERMINŲ PROBLEMOS?

Straipsnio objektas yra teiginių su tuščiais terminais aristoteliškajame loginiame kvadrate analizė. Moderniojoje logikoje vyrauja nuostata, jog teiginiai su tuščiais terminais yra neteisėto egzistavimo importo (undue existential import) priežastis – siekiant jo išvengti, atsisakyta priešingumo, popriešingumo ir pavaldumo ryšių. Teiginių su tuščiais terminais problema straipsnyje pristatoma paradokso pavidalu: 1) teiginiai su terminais, neturinčiais referento, funkcionuoja loginiame kvadrate; 2) dalinis teiginys O su tuščiu terminu negali būti teisingas (dėl egzistavimo importo); 3) dalinis teiginys O su tuščiu terminu yra teisingas (dėl loginio kvadrato ryšių). Aptarus kitus pagrindinius paradokso sprendimo būdus, įrodinėjama, jog tradicinėje Aristotelio logikoje nei bendriesiems, nei daliniams teiginiams nebuvo būdingas egzistavimo importas – taigi, atmetama antroji prielaida. Sprendimas pristatomas kaip modifikuota tradicinės kvadrato interpretacijos versija: sutikdami su pagrindine jos teze, kad Aristotelio logikoje terminai nebuvo „tušti“ šiuolaikine prasme ir todėl teiginiams su tokiais terminais galioja tie patys principai kaip ir bet kuriems kitiems, nemanome, jog jungtis „yra“ išreiškia bet kokio pobūdžio egzistavimą, ir klausimą apie objektų egzistavimą paliekame už aristoteliškojo loginio kvadrato ribų. Siūlomas paradokso Aristotelio sistemoje sprendimas grindžiamas pastarųjų metų bandymais interpretuoti terminų logiką intensiniu pagrindu.

Развитие коммуникативных способностей у дошкольников в процессе театрализованной деятельности

In the article, the author discussed the development of communication skills in preschoolers in the process of theatrical activities in terms of preschool educational establishment. On the basis of theoretical analysis results, previously performed by several authors of research works, the author justifies the importance of this work to implement good practice in preschool educational establishment, aimed at the formation of important child’s communicative abilities in this age. Analysis of the current modern conditions of activity of the preschool educational establishment and the failure of elaboration of thistopic determined the purpose of this study, which is based on formation of communicative abilities in children of preschool age through theatrical activities. The need for decisions formulated by the author of the study, determined the course of the experimental part of the work aimed at the identification of pedagogical conditions and the development of methods of learning, including theatrical activities and promoting the effective development of communication skills. In this paper the technique is presented quite briefly, however, the author reveals the main stages of its implementation in the activities of the preschool educational establishment. The result of logical and scientific experimental part of the study, the author confirms the effectiveness of the developed methodology for lessons, aimed at formation of high-level communicative abilities in preschoolers.

A Neuromorphic Person Re-Identification Framework for Video Surveillance

This paper presents a neuromorphic person re-identification (NPReId) framework to establish the correspondence among individuals observed across two disjoint camera views. The proposed framework comprises three modules ( observation , cognition , and contemplation ), inspired by the form-and-color-and-depth (FACADE) theory model of object recognition system. In the observation module, a semantic partitioning scheme is introduced to segment a pedestrian into several logical parts, and an exhaustive set of experiments have been carried out to select the best possible complementary feature cues. In the cognition module, an unsupervised procedure is suggested to partition the gallery candidates into multiple consensus clusters with high intra-cluster and low inter-cluster similarity. A supervised classifier is then deployed to learn the relationship between each gallery candidate and its associated cluster, which is subsequently used to identify a set of inlier consensus clusters. This module also includes weighing of contribution of each feature channel toward defining a consensus cluster. Finally, in the contemplation module, the contributory weights are employed in a correlation-based similarity measure to find the corresponding match within the inlier set. The proposed framework is compared with several state-of-the-art methods on three challenging data sets: VIPeR, iLIDS-VID, and CUHK01. The experimental results, with respect to recognition rates, demonstrate that the proposed framework can obtain superior performance as compared with the counterparts. The proposed framework, along with its low-rank bound property, further establishes its suitability in practical scenarios through yielding high cluster hit rate with low database penetration.

A novel method for ranking fuzzy numbers based on the different areas fuzzy number

Ranking of fuzzy numbers plays a great role in decision-making problems. Fuzzy number comparison is required in decision analysis and fuzzy environment. One major part of fuzzy logic is ranking of the fuzzy numbers. In many fuzzy program systems, fuzzy numbers ranking has an important role in decision making and data analysis. This paper presents a novel method for fuzzy numbers ranking, which performs based on calculation of different parts of right and left of fuzzy numbers. The suggested method consists of simple calculations and is able to calculate all triangular fuzzy numbers (normal and non-normal) and trapezoidal fuzzy numbers (normal and non-normal). In the current study, due to employing analysis of variance method (ANOVA) to regulate the parameters and the approval of parameters' defined value, the results from the rating are guaranteed and have a high quality.