Economic Logic Research Articles

The Neoconservative Party, or Conservatism without Tradition?

AbstractThis article argues that the Conservative Party finds itself in a period of ideological crisis. The last significant period of intellectual realignment in the party led to the dominance of Hayekian market theory as a structuring logic for government. Under Boris Johnson, this economic logic is challenged by the political logic of neoconservatism, which restores the political through appeals to authority, hierarchy and quite particular articulations of the nature of the (national) community. To demonstrate this tension, the article examines how Brexit and the ‘levelling‐up’ agenda can be understood as structured by this division between the economic and the political. Both of these logics are incompatible with older, traditional forms of conservatism and whichever is ultimately successful, this signals a major shift in the character of British conservatism and potentially ushers in a new era of conservatism without tradition.

INVENTORY DECISION IN VUCA WORLD USING ECONOMIC LOGIC QUANTITY

If ever the concept “VUCA” (Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, and Ambiguity) seemed appropriate to use, it is now. National and global companies experience the highest level of instability due to the Covid-19 pandemic, which is the classic example of a highly volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous world. In this world, decision-makers have to face more challenges appealing to the VUCA Prime leadership approach: vision against volatility, understanding against uncertainty, clarity against complexity, and agility against ambiguity. Some of the ways through which managers can overcome the VUCA characteristics include: providing a shared vision as a criterion for all decisions to be made, identifying the reason for the decision problems and sharing the idea with the followers, going through the entire decision process, following steps in proper order, and developing quick solutions. In an inventory decision taken in a VUCA context, the above ways are possible if using fuzzy inventory methods dealing with volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity. This paper aims to adapt a traditional inventory method, Economic Production Quantity (EPQ), to the challenges of the VUCA world, through the fuzzy logic system (FLS). To achieve the best solution for the decision problem in the shortest time possible, the managers can employ a conversion by using the computing platform MATLAB. There are some advantages of this conversion for these two methods, EPQ and FLS. Firstly, the transformation of EPQ in ELQ (Economic Logic Quantity) allows managers to formulate the decision problem, even if they cannot identify and measure precisely the EPQ parameters. Secondly, using FLS to solve ELQ provides the possibility to simulate more alternatives and generate the solution in the shortest amount of time. Thirdly, it allows the decision-makers to evaluate the impact of the solution provided by each simulation on the company’s performance. Using these methods has the following primary limit: the problem formulation step depends on the managers’ understanding ability and managing a large volume of information. Therefore, there may be a risk of obtaining a relevant solution for a decision problem if the decision-makers do not understand the cause of the problem or do not know how to organize and manage a large volume of information. This limit could be overcome by using AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), but this is the topic of further research.

Promoting social goals through economisation? Social investment and the counterintuitive case of homelessness

Within the welfare state literature, critics of social investment have argued that its economic logic replaces ‘social’ considerations (for example, focused on rights/needs) and that this could reinforce the marginalisation of vulnerable populations, as they are unattractive ‘human capital’. Against this background, this article focuses on the counterintuitive case of the social investment approach to homelessness promoted by the European Commission. Through the comparison with previous EU initiatives in the homelessness field, the analysis reveals that while social investment partially replaces values-based logics with the economic rationale, it involves the same ‘solutions’ as values-oriented approaches, that is, preventing/combating homelessness can be justified interchangeably following an ‘economic’ or a ‘social’ logic. To explain this paradoxical result, the article draws from the political economy literature, which shows how disadvantage can be transformed into an investment object. Overall, this study suggests understanding social investment as a paradigm that attempts to promote the ‘social’ through its economisation.

‘Cutting the Colonial Cord’? Tensions of Value and the Relationship between Tokelau and New Zealand

ABSTRACTThis article discusses concepts of self‐government, dependence and independence in the light of Tokelau and New Zealand practices. Kin‐based forms of mutual dependence are compared with the demands for specific forms of self‐governance practiced by the New Zealand administration. Tensions of value have emerged between village based political leadership, and the public servants of the administrative infrastructure. The smallness of Tokelau's land area is complemented by its considerable maritime resources secured by an Exclusive Economic Zone. Tokelau's need for New Zealand administrative support to administer its fishing quotas, and for military policing of its maritime boundaries, makes Tokelau dependent on the greater power. The relationships of dependency going the other way, that is New Zealand's dependence on the marine wealth of Tokelau and its strategic value as Pacific partner, are largely obscured by the policies that demand Tokelau reaches an internationally approved standards of governmental practices for it to be able to govern its own affairs. The two forms of dependency, one based on reciprocity and mutuality, and the other, rooted in an economic logic of self‐sufficiency are entangled in everyday life in Tokelau. However, the practices of economic self‐sufficiency work over time to erode the viability of the local subsistence economy.

매장문화재 발굴 관련 손실보상 개선방안

Where relics are revealed in the course of an indicator survey conducted under conditions for permission for development projects or construction works investigation and excavation shall be conducted. During the excavation, all buried cultural assets discovered are attributed to the state, and the land use regulations make it virtually impossible to exercise property rights. Except for small-scale excavation, most excavation sites shall be borne by the development project implementer, and shall bear the increased cost of the project due to delays in construction. Since restrictions on property rights are enforced without just compensation, many construction sites choose illegal ways to damage burial cultural assets or conceal relics without reporting them to the Cultural Heritage Administration or local governments. When the Cultural Heritage Protection Act was enacted in 1962, the Korean Cultural Heritage Protection Act was enacted without compensation regulations for the discovery of burial cultural assets. This can be seen as a result of reflecting the poor financial situation of the country at the time, the legislature's political strife and indifference, and difficulty in raising funds. Restrictions on property rights related to the excavation of burial cultural assets and consequent loss compensation have been neglected due to economic logic or urgent issues, but the country's economic size and the compensation rules for losses should be supplemented to match South Korea's economic size and national status. In this study, the current status of the excavation of cultural assets and problems were presented and the improvement plan for compensation for losses was proposed to find a win-win relationship between cultural heritage protection and development projects. In addition, a reasonable policy, legal, and institutional improvement plan was proposed, including the excavation of burial cultural assets and the request for legitimate compensation and improvement.

Geographies of Marketization in Higher Education: Branch Campuses as Territorial and Symbolic Fixes

The role of higher education institutions as active agents of globalization and marketization remains relatively little explored. Economic geographic perspectives are particularly well placed to investigate globalizing higher education as an important economic sector, in addition to its supportive role in the knowledge economy. Drawing on political economic and cultural economic perspectives on marketization and geographic fixes, the study analyzes the motivations and spatial strategies for geographic expansion of universities through the establishment of branch campuses. Based on qualitative interviews with key decision-makers of English universities, I argue that (international) branch campuses enable a range of geographic fixes for higher education institutions: a territorial fix through the geographic expansion and construction of segmented markets and a symbolic fix through the relocation of campuses to places that promise reputational gains. The rapid growth of British branch campuses abroad and domestically (in the global city of London) involve substantial financial and reputational risks and as fixes constitute only temporary stabilizations. The conceptualization of symbolic fixes, in addition to territorial fixes, may enable a more nuanced understanding of the role of space in the construction of segmented, yet relational markets that combines intersecting political economic and cultural economic logics.

“Nothing Feels Better than Getting Paid”: Sex Working Trans Latinas’ Meanings and Uses of Money

AbstractBased on ethnographic research with transgender Latinas in Chicago, this article answers Susana Narotzky and Niko Besnier's (2014) invitation to think “economy otherwise.” I contend that in order to think “economy otherwise” we must think it queerly, and attend to feminist ways money animates possibilities beyond racist‐cisgenderism. I bring together economic anthropology, feminist anthropology, and queer of color critique to queer money, specifically money earned from sexual labor performed by transgender Latinas. An ethnographic examination of trans Latina sex workers’ lives reveals that money accessed through sexual labor is assigned a number of queer and contested meanings. Its use is based in feminist ethics that eschew dominant economic logics in favor of building relations of care. It enables the creation of transgender bodies, and the development of queer networks of care with biological and chosen kin, in the U.S. and beyond. Trans Latinas, then, use money from sex work to support trans Latina ways of being that exceed the racist‐cisgenderism. Sometimes, however, their uses of money reinforce racist‐cisgenderism. I argue that the women's fraught uses of money reveal the complex intersections that sustain racist‐cisgenderism, and how they are experienced and negotiated in people's everyday lives.

AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ECONOMIC GROWTH AND THE ENVIRONMENT: IN IRAQ FOR THE PERIOD 2000-2017

The research aims to study the most important factors affecting carbon dioxide emissions Co2, through a model. Explanatory variables were used in the model, which are the average per capita gross domestic product (GDP), the square per capita gross domestic product (GDPSQ), per capita energy consumption (CONS), and the POP population for the period 2000-2017 via using double logarithmic formula which is more suitable for economic, statistical and econometric logic in this type of studies, the results of the research showed that all the explanatory variables were statistically significant at the level of 1% and that the model was significant as a whole according to the statistic F and the value of R2=0.99. Economically, we find that the parameter of the average per capita GDP was 0.46 and it came with a positive signal consistent with the methodology of the Environmental Curve Kuznets ECK, the parameter of per capita energy consumption was 0.04, and it came with a negative sign that contradicts the Kuznets methodology, the reason may belong to the conditions that affected the country after 2003. The research recommended to go to investing in renewable energy, because it is environmentally friendly, such as sun energy, and to reduce the size of the gas in the sectors emitting to it, such as the transport sector, factories, the extraction sector, and manufacturing industries, in order to preserve the integrity of the environment and the plant and animal wealth it contains ,to a better environment in Iraq.

Évaluation des impacts d’une infrastructure de données satellitaires

Cet article propose un cadre exploratoire d’évaluation des impacts économiques des Infrastructures de Données Géographiques et Spatiales (IDGS) à partir de l’exemple de GEOSUD et des cartes de coupes rases relatives à la gestion des forêts. L’évaluation est réalisée à partir d’une enquête en ligne auprès des services du ministère de l’Agriculture chargés du contrôle des coupes rases réalisés par les exploitants forestiers. L’approche développée croise deux points de vue complémentaires. Elle s’inscrit, d’une part, dans une logique économique pour estimer certains effets à l’échelle de la chaîne de valeur concernée par la fabrique et l’usage de l’information satellitaire, des produits et services thématiques dérivés. Les effets mesurés portent sur les économies de coûts et de productivité, la valeur ajoutée créée à l’échelle de la chaîne de valeur liée à ces cartes de coupes rases. Au total, il apparaît que pour un euro dépensé pour le fonctionnement de l’IDGS (hors investissement initial), la valeur ajoutée créée directement et indirectement s’élève au maximum à 63 € et les coûts de transactions évités à 24 €. Elle s’inscrit, d’autre part, dans une logique gestionnaire pour appréhender les effets des IDGS liés aux processus d’innovation à l’échelle d’une communauté de pratiques. Elles permettent en effet des gains de coordination et de mutualisation pour co-construire des connaissances conduisant à de nouveaux produits et/ou procédés. L’étude montre que près des deux-tiers des structures enquêtées ont observé des effets qualitatifs en termes de mise en réseau et un renforcement des compétences lié aux formations et aux services d’accompagnement offerts par la plateforme GEOSUD. Des effets qualitatifs sur les propriétés des politiques forestières et plus généralement sur les dynamiques de développement territorial ont aussi été appréhendés.

The Economic Logic of the Yield‐Curve Control Policy*

Unconventional monetary policies are currently implemented in several advanced economies. One of them is known as “yield‐curve control,” a policy presently active in Australia. Ordinary pictorial descriptions of this policy do not usually discuss the market mechanism presupposed by the yield‐curve control approach nor the economic logic underpinning the expected outcome of this policy tool. The present letter adopts a pedagogical approach and provides an exposition of yield‐curve control that separates the immediate effects of the policy from their concomitant economic effects on spending and portfolio investment.

Ethical Indigenous Economies

In this article, the authors argue that trans-systemic knowledge system analysis of Indigenous-to-Indigenous economics enables generative thinking toward Indigenous futures of economic freedom. The authors apply a trans-systemic lens to critically analyze persistent development philosophy that acts as a barrier to the advancement of Indigenous economic development thinking. By exploring ways in which colonial discourse entraps Indigenous nations within circular logic in service of a normative centre the need for new economic logic is apparent. Shifting to trans-systemic knowledge systems analysis to include diverse insights from Māori and other Indigenous economic philosophy, the authors show that it is not profit and financial growth that matters in and of itself. Rather, according to Indigenous definitions of wealth, economic freedom and development are constituted by value creation that aligns with Indigenous worldviews and principles. Indigenous economic knowledge centred on relationship, reciprocity and interconnectedness fosters Indigenous economic freedom.

African Immigrant Entrepreneurship in the UK

The importance of ethnic minority businesses (EMBs) has been lauded in the entrepreneurship discourse. Building on entrepreneurial orientation theory, this study seeks to understand family influence on the entrepreneurial processes, practices, and decision-making activities in a relatively under-explored social group. The methodological approach in this study involved in-depth interviews with 10 entrepreneurs based in the United Kingdom. This study found strong social identity congruence behaviour of explored entrepreneurs from the point of how their entrepreneurial orientation is family-influence driven. For the entrepreneurs, the family is a central behaviour factor that exerts significantly on their entrepreneurial processes and decision making. As a result, actual judgement and decision making of entrepreneurs may not necessarily be driven by economic logic but largely by family control factors that even exert more significantly on entrepreneurial behaviour. This study contributes to the psychological and family control perspectives on entrepreneurship discourse. This study has two core limitations: it is based on the qualitative approach and explores only one social group. Future research in the form of quantitative studies that also examine other cultural enclaves would therefore help to enhance the causes and effects conclusions suggested in this study.

Planet Abled: can it sustain its first-mover advantage and scale-up?

Learning outcomes This paper aims to enable the application of Value Proposition Canvas and Business Model Canvas to evaluate an opportunity; understand the commonalities and differences between social and commercial enterprises; and recognize the challenges related to the paradox of the social mission and the financial/economic logic. Case overview/synopsis Neha Arora demonstrated exceptional capabilities of defying the social stigma associated with People with Disabilities (PwDs) to establish Planet Abled, a first in the world venture to provide accessible leisure excursions to PwDs. This entrepreneurial initiative enabling group and solo travel for PwDs as inclusive tourism has created the possibility of social sustainability by bringing change in the lives of PwDs and their family members by ignoring either the insensitive or overprotective societal attitudes and lack of infrastructure concerning travel for PwDs. Its potential growth qualifies for scaling-up, but it can also attract the existing big travel solution providers to enter this domain. Considering these facts, Neha faces multiple dilemmas: How can she sustain and scale up the early momentum created by her enterprise? How can she resolve the challenges related to the paradox of the social mission and the financial/ economic logic while scaling-up Planet Abled? Complexity/Academic level This case study is suitable for both undergraduate or graduate-level programs in the area of entrepreneurship. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 3: Entrepreneurship

Algorithms and taste-making: Exposing the Netflix Recommender System's operational logics

As the Streaming Wars continue to heat up, recommendation systems like the Netflix Recommender System (NRS) will become key competitive features for every major over-the-top video streamer. As a result, film and television production and consumption will increasingly be in the hands of semi-autonomous algorithmic technologies. But how do recommendation systems like the NRS work? What purposes do they serve? And what sorts of impacts are they having on film and television culture? To respond to these questions, this article will (1) examine how algorithms are impacting processes of taste-making and (2) re-evaluate some of the critical theoretical perspectives that have come to dominate the discourse surrounding algorithmic cultures. To do so, I join Bucher ((2016) Neither black nor box: Ways of knowing algorithms. In: S Kubitscko and A Kaun (eds) Innovative Methods in Media and Communication Research. Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 81–98; (2018) If…then: Algorithmic Power and Politics. London: Oxford University Press) in adopting a relational materialist perspective of algorithms and proceed to reverse engineer the NRS; an experiment that exposes the system’s circular and economic logics while highlighting the complex and networked nature of taste-making in the film and television industry.

The Impact of Floating Egyptian Pound on Agricultural Sector in Egypt

This research aimed to estimate the impact of applying flexible exchange rate on the Egyptian agriculture sector. Egypt applied floating exchange rate regime three times during the period 1991-2018. This research is based on some analytical approaches to achieve its objective such as robust regression and vector error correction model (VECM).It concluded that floating of Egyptian pound was not a good decision and it had a negative impact on Egyptian agricultural sector. The positive relationship between real Egyptian agricultural gross domestic product and real agricultural imports as well as the positive relationship between real agricultural imports and dollar exchange rate in Egypt which are not apply the economic logic, proof that the floating exchange rate regime and the macroeconomic policies applied during the study period were not effective as Egypt imports good and service with high prices due to the devaluation of Egyptian pound. So, the growth in agricultural gross domestic product was not real. The Egyptian government should pay more attention on the agricultural sector.

واقع التعلم المنظمي وأثره في تحقيق التمييز التنظيمي - دراسة استطلاعية لعينة من المديرين في المنظمات التعليمية_ جامعة كركوك أنموذجًا

In the contemporary business environment, many new concepts have emerged among academic researchers and practitioners in the field of organizations. Perhaps organizational learning was one of the most important concepts that received increasing attention in the last two decades of the last century and the beginning of the current century, especially after the impressive success achieved by many organizations after adopting the organizational learning approach as a process of interaction, extrapolation, exploration and continuous confrontation with environmental challenges, which enables the organization to create Solutions and choosing alternatives that achieve continuous improvement or radical change of their behavior to ensure their survival and competitive advantage, as these concerns coincided with the radical transformations that the world witnessed towards the age of knowledge and information that focuses on investing intellectual assets and tacit knowledge and how to benefit from them and transform them into work contexts and models of behavior that support and modernize discrimination Organizational identifying on an ongoing basis through the process of organizational learning. In line with these transformations, the competitiveness precedence retreated according to the logic of cost and efficiency economics and the achievement of discrimination in front of the new logic of competition represented by possessing the strategic ability to excel and excel and maximizing the value of the customer and stakeholders, which made the view of organizational success shifting from mere financial return or market share targeted to own The strategic capacity of the knowledge that achieves the organization's sustainable competitive advantage, especially through its management of its human and knowledge resources in a way that is difficult for competitors to emulate. These challenges require business organizations to abandon the traditional frameworks and models and to adopt and activate the process of organizational learning as, according to most researchers, the most important source of competitive advantage. If many productive and service organizations in developed countries realize this fact and have achieved high levels of learning to enhance the chances of success, then where are the Iraqi organizations in this, especially since such new concepts are still limited in the cultural vocabulary of these organizations despite their possession of a lot of knowledge and learning applications and They were in unintended ways and methods as learning strategie The research followed the descriptive and analytical approach by designing a questionnaire form prepared for this purpose, and distributed to the research sample (40) of administrative leaders at the University of Kirkuk, and using the statistical program (Spss 19) in data analysis. The research reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which were: that there is a strong and moral correlation between the organizational learning variables and the organizational discrimination variable, and these results coincide with the hypotheses, and the research presented a set of proposals, including the necessity of defining the university administration's goals of organized learning accurately and its future directions in a way that contributes to achieving organizational distinction. to her..

Scoping new policy frameworks for local and community broadband networks

Over several years, locally-initiated and operated Internet infrastructure projects have attempted to provide online connectivity and simultaneously achieve various social goals. Many generations of do-it-yourself network efforts that are either wireless, such as community mesh networks, or wired, such as fiber cooperatives, exist, but in the United States scaled developments have been stalled for a variety of reasons. This research examines the history of local connectivity efforts as well as technologies designed to cultivate sharing or commons organizational approaches. By exploring instances of community-based or -oriented networking efforts, we identify some of the noneconomic benefits that might be realized with certain technologies and organizational and governance structures. Technological, social, regulatory and economic logics that have shaped historical opportunities for local responses to connectivity needs in the U.S. are not necessarily inevitable; alternative approaches do exist. Improved social and technical outcomes for connectivity may be possible, especially when catalyzed by supportive policies.

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International social ventures: A literature review and guidance for future research

International entrepreneurship has been studied extensively during the past decades. Oviatt’s and McDougall’s (J Int Bus Stud 25:45–64, 1994) framework describing international new ventures (INVs) has been pivotal in developing this research field. This paper adds to this research field through focusing on a particular type of INVs that typically regard social impact as the core objective rather than a positive side-effect to profit. We collectively label these firms international social ventures (ISV). The paper provides two interrelated contributions. Firstly, a literature review brings a systematic overview of the extant ISV research. Secondly, building on this, five propositions are developed in close relation to each of the essential elements positioned in Oviatt’s and McDougall’s (J Int Bus Stud 25:45–64, 1994) seminal INV framework. In doing so, we illustrate that ISVs share some general characteristics with INVs. However, the particular manifestation of these deviates from the traditional type of INVs. In addition, the underlying rationale differs from traditional pure economic logics by involving a combination of both social and economic logics. The paper proceeds to bring suggestions for future research.

Saint Mark’s Square as Contested Political Space: Protesting Cruise Tourism in Venice

Saint Mark’s Square is unquestionably the most famous tourist attraction in Venice, a piazza characterised by its complex history, unique aesthetics and many allusions to power (given its proximity to the Doge’s Palace and Saint Mark’s Basilica). This square is the largest open space in the city and while it is routinely crowded with tourists from all over the world, political demonstrations have been prohibited since 1997. This article explores Saint Mark’s Square as a contested political space by focusing on the many local struggles against cruise tourism in Venice and its lagoon. Instead of constituting an ‘apolitical’ space, the preferred uses given to the square by local authorities and tourism stakeholders are manifestly ‘political’, producing a space of leisure and consumption that benefits the economic logic behind the ‘normal’ functioning of the piazza. Other alternative social and political uses of the square are not only discouraged but banned, which brings into discussion the Lefebvrian notion of the right to the city: who has access to the centre as a (political) privileged space? The article examines protest acts undertaken by the collective No Grandi Navi, particularly the political events that took place after the MSC Opera collision with another tourist vessel and the dock in June 2019.