Local Technology Research Articles

Kinetic and Kinematic Characteristics Underpinning Change of Direction Performance in Basketball: A Comparative Study Between Sexes and Tests.

Baena-Raya, A, Díez-Fernández, DM, Martínez-Rubio, C, Conceição, F, and López-Sagarra, A. Kinetic and kinematic characteristics underpinning change of direction performance in basketball: A comparative study between sexes and tests. J Strength Cond Res 38(4): e182-e188, 2024-This study (a) evaluated the sex-specific kinetic and kinematic outcomes underpinning change of direction (COD) performance, (b) compared these outcomes across 3 different COD tests, and (c) examined the sex-specific and test-specific outcome most strongly related to COD performance in basketball players. Thirty young basketball players (17 males and 13 females) competing at the national level were assessed for the modified 505 test, modified T test, and V-cut test. The Local Positioning System technology (WIMU PRO, Realtrack Systems S.L., Almería, Spain) was used to measure the maximum values of acceleration (ACC max ), deceleration (DEC max ), velocity (VEL max ), and centripetal force (CentF max ) in each COD test. Male players displayed greater ACC max , VEL max , DEC max , and CentF max outputs for each section of the 505 test, T test, and V-cut test (all p < 0.05), resulting in a faster COD performance than females across tests (all ES > -1.42; 95% CI = -3.45 to -0.57). The 505 test demanded significantly greater kinematic outputs than T test and V-cut test for both sexes ( p < 0.01). The ACC max explained ∼26-58% of the variability in COD time for males across tests ( p < 0.05) and 40% in females' modified 505-test time ( p < 0.05). Likewise, in females, DEC max explained 38% of the modified T -test time variability, whereas VEL max explained 53% in the V-cut test time (both p < 0.05). These findings suggest that (a) COD data should not be used interchangeably across sexes, (b) test specificities should be considered for designing COD training, and (c) the kinematic outcomes explaining COD performance might vary across sexes.

FMCW Radar on LiDAR map localization in structural urban environments

AbstractMultisensor fusion‐based localization technology has achieved high accuracy in autonomous systems. How to improve the robustness is the main challenge at present. The most commonly used LiDAR and camera are weather‐sensitive, while the frequency‐modulated continuous wave Radar has strong adaptability but suffers from noise and ghost effects. In this paper, we propose a heterogeneous localization method called Radar on LiDAR Map, which aims to enhance localization accuracy without relying on loop closures by mitigating the accumulated error in Radar odometry in real time. To accomplish this, we utilize LiDAR scans and ground truth paths as Teach paths and Radar scans as the trajectories to be estimated, referred to as Repeat paths. By establishing a correlation between the Radar and LiDAR scan data, we can enhance the accuracy of Radar odometry estimation. Our approach involves embedding the data from both Radar and LiDAR sensors into a density map. We calculate the spatial vector similarity with an offset to determine the corresponding place index within the candidate map and estimate the rotation and translation. To refine the alignment, we utilize the Iterative Closest Point algorithm to achieve optimal matching on the LiDAR submap. The estimated bias is subsequently incorporated into the Radar SLAM for optimizing the position map. We conducted extensive experiments on the Mulran Radar Data set, Oxford Radar RobotCar Dataset, and our data set to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of our proposed approach. Our proposed scan projection descriptors achieves homogeneous and heterogeneous place recognition and works much better than existing methods. Its application to the Radar SLAM system also substantially improves the positioning accuracy. All sequences' root mean square error is 2.53 m for positioning and 1.83° for angle.

Digital inclusive finance, R&D investment, and green technology innovation nexus.

Green technology innovation is an effective means to achieve high-quality economic development. The impact and mechanism of digital financial inclusion on regional green technology innovation are tested using a threshold regression model and the panel fixed effect model, based on China's provincial Panel data (provincial Panel data are regional annual report data) from 2011 to 2020. According to the study, there is a direct link between local green technology innovation and digital financial inclusion. This paper highlights the differences in their influence by location and usage depth and underscores the necessity of government engagement to improve these characteristics. Information infrastructure needs to be strengthened, especially in areas with gaps. Greater investment in research and development (R&D) indirectly supports regional green technology innovation since it is impacted by digital financial inclusion. Interestingly, a threshold effect becomes most noticeable when digital financial inclusion rises above a particular threshold. Promoting utilizing digital financial inclusion to lessen regional differences in green technology innovation is important.

Real-Time Three-Dimensional Pedestrian Localization System Using Smartphones.

Robust and accurate three-dimensional localization is essential for personal navigation, emergency rescue, and worker monitoring in indoor environments. For localization technology to be employed in various applications, it is necessary to reduce infrastructure dependence and limit the maximum error bound. This study aims to accurately estimate the location of various people using smartphones in a building with a cloud platform-based localization system. The proposed technology is modularized in a hierarchical structure to sequentially estimate the floor and location. This system comprises four localization modules: course level detection, fine level detection (FLD), fine location tracking (FLT), and level change detection (LCD). Each module operates organically according to the current user status. The position estimation range is defined as a total of three phases, and an appropriate location estimation module suitable for the corresponding phase operates to estimate the user's location gradually and precisely. When the user's floor is determined by an FLD, the two-dimensional position of the user is estimated by an FLT module that tracks the user's position by comparing the received signal strength indicator vector sequence and radio map. Also, LCD recognizes the user's floor change and converts the user's phase. To verify the proposed technology, various experiments were conducted in a six-story building, and an average accuracy of less than 2 m was obtained.

Research on loose bolt localization technology for transmission towers

Research on loose bolt fault in transmission towers is difficult to detect, and the localization of the loose bolts has always been a challenge in the field of structural health monitoring. This article investigates the relationship between the modal frequencies and modal shapes at different levels and finds that when bolts in transmission towers become loose, the order of modal frequency changes is consistent with the order of the mode shape at the location of the loosening. Based on this, a new method for locating loose bolts in transmission towers is proposed. In the identification of mode parameters, an improved variational mode decomposition is used to extract the mode components at different orders. A modal frequency identification method based on feature set signal reconstruction is proposed, which is based on the modal correlation between the signal components from different sensors, effectively preserving and extracting the structural modal characteristics from the vibration response. At the same time, the identification of modal shapes in transmission towers is achieved through feature-level fusion based on adaptive multi-sequence signals, greatly reducing identification errors. The effectiveness of this method is validated in the finite element analysis of transmission towers, and its superiority is demonstrated through comparison with more advanced methods. The results of a 110 kV transmission tower bolt loosening test also show that this method can accurately identify the area where the bolts are loose, with high identification accuracy, providing a new approach for the localization of loose bolts in transmission towers.

Ceramic floor tiles with yellow pigment from Kievan Rus’: A technological study

Colored glazed ceramic tiles were widely used for paving floors of the main buildings, mostly Orthodox churches, in the Kievan Rus’ (10th-13th centuries AD). The production of ceramic floor tiles was localized near the site of construction, and the date of production can be attributed to the date of construction or renovation of the church. Therefore, the study of glazed tiles makes it possible to determine the local and chronological features of their production technology.. Local production technology in Ancient Rus' was studied using thirteen yellow glazed ceramic tiles from six cities (Kiev, Galich, Polotsk, Vladimir-Volynsky, Pereslavl-Zalessky and Novgorod). Also, two samples were selected from churches in Polotsk, Vladimir-Volynsky and Vyshgorod at different times of construction or renovation to study chronological variations in tile production technology. Chemical compositions and crystalline phases of yellow glaze and ceramic body have been analyzed by X-ray diffraction, Raman and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. In all cases, samples of ceramic tiles were glazed with high-lead silicate glass, and lead tin yellow type II (PbSn1-xSixO3) was used as a pigment. Local production technology in Ancient Rus' was studied using thirteen yellow glazed ceramic tiles from six cities (Kiev, Galich, Polotsk, Vladimir-Volynsky, Pereslavl-Zalessky and Novgorod). Also, two samples were selected from churches in Polotsk, Vladimir-Volynsky and Vyshgorod at different times of construction or renovation to study chronological variations in tile production technology. Most likely, the glaze layer on the ceramic tile was formed using pre-synthesized glass; this technology differs from the conventional technology for pottery, uses lead oxide or a mixture of lead oxide and quartz. Data on the chemical composition of yellow lead glazed tiles dating from the 10th-13th centuries AD can be used to determine the region of glazed ceramic production.

HARNESSING HOME-GROWN TECHNOLOGY FOR NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT: A REVIEW

This paper aims to examine the potential of homegrown technology in promoting national development in developing countries. The paper argues that while technology produced in the developed world has brought certain benefits to developing countries, harnessing homegrown technology for national development in developing countries can bring more lasting and meaningful benefits. Specifically, the paper makes a case for using homegrown technology to facilitate economic development, strengthen local governance, and provide access to healthcare and education. The paper begins by discussing current trends in technology diffusion in developing countries. It then goes on to provide an overview of the advantages of domestic technology for national development. Next, the paper outlines some of the challenges associated with using homegrown technology. Finally, the paper concludes with a review of recent initiatives that have been successful in harnessing homegrown technology for national development. the paper highlights that homegrown technology can be an effective tool for promoting national development. It argues that national governments should encourage local technological development and use homegrown technology to facilitate economic growth, strengthen local governance, and provide access to healthcare and education. Further research is needed to assess the impact of homegrown technology and devise strategies for maximizing its potential to drive national development in developing countries.

BLE-Based Indoor Localization: Analysis of Some Solutions for Performance Improvement.

This paper addresses indoor localization using an anchor-based system based on Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) 5.0 technology, adopting the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) for the distance estimation. Different solutions have been proposed in the scientific literature to improve the performance of this localization technology, but a detailed performance comparison of these solutions is still missing. The aim of this work is to make an experimental analysis combining different solutions for the performance improvement of BLE-based indoor localization, identifying the most effective one. The considered solutions involve different RSSI signals' conditioning, the use of anchor-tag distance estimation techniques, as well as approaches for estimating the unknown tag position. An experimental campaign was executed in a complex indoor environment, characterized by the continuous presence in the movement of working staff and numerous obstacles. The exploitation of multichannel transmission using RSSI signal aggregation techniques showed the greater performance improvement of the localization system, reducing the positioning error (from 1.5 m to about 1 m). The other examined solutions have shown a lesser impact in the performance improvement with a decrease or an increase in the positioning errors, depending on the considered combination of the adopted solutions.

What is the Impact of Fiscal Technology Expenditure on Carbon Emission Reduction? Evidence from Guangdong Province in China

China has put forward the strategic goal of striving to achieve peak carbon by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060, and reducing carbon emission intensity is a top priority. This paper analyses the impact of local government fiscal science and technology expenditures on carbon emission intensity based on a fixed panel regression model using panel data of 21 cities in Guangdong Province from 2000 to 2019, and draws the following main conclusions: (1) Higher fiscal science and technology expenditures significantly promote the reduction of carbon emission intensity. Specifically, for every 1% increase in expenditures, the carbon emission intensity decreases by 0.221%; (2) The mechanism includes promoting the level of green innovation and promoting the level of new and high technology. Therefore, local governments should pay attention to the role of environment-friendly science and technology innovation on low-carbon development, help glow-carbon research and application transformation, strengthen the regulation of heavy polluting enterprises, and guide the capital to green industries, so as to embark a new road of high-quality economic development and carbon reduction.

Forecasting the Coastal Systems State using Mathematical Modelling Based on Satellite Images

Introduction. Coastal systems of Southern Russia are constantly exposed to biotic, abiotic and anthropogenic factors. In this regard, there is a need to develop non-stationary spatially inhomogeneous interconnected mathematical models that make it possible to reproduce various scenarios for the dynamics of biological and geochemical processes in coastal systems. There is also the problem of the practical use of mathematical modelling, namely its equipping with real input data (boundary, initial conditions, information about source functions). An operational source of field information can be data received from artificial Earth satellites. Therefore, the problem arises of identifying phytoplankton populations in images of reservoirs, which, as a rule, have a spotty structure, with low image contrast relative to the background, as well as determining the boundaries of their location.Materials and Methods. This work is based on the correct application of modern mathematical analysis methods, mathematical physics and functional analysis, the theory of difference schemes, as well as methods for solving grid equations. Biogeochemical processes are described based on convection-diffusion-reaction equations. Linearization of the constructed model is carried out on a time grid with step τ. A method for recognizing the boundaries of spotted structures is being developed based on Earth remote sensing data. A combination of methods is considered as image processing algorithms: local binary patterns (LBP) and a two-layer neural network.Results. The developed software-algorithmic tools for space image recognition are presented, based on a combination of methods — local binary patterns (LBP) and neural network technologies, focused on the subsequent input of the obtained initial conditions for the problem of phytoplankton dynamics into a mathematical model. Regarding the necessary mathematical model, a continuous linearized model has been proposed and studied, and on its basis a linearized discrete model of biogeochemical cycles in coastal systems, for which practically acceptable time step values have been established for numerical (predictive) modelling of problems of the dynamics of planktonic populations and biogeochemical cycles, including in the event of death phenomena, which makes it possible to reduce the time of operational forecasting. At the same time, for the constructed discrete model, properties that are practically significant for discrete models are guaranteed to be satisfied: stability, monotonicity and convergence of the difference scheme, which is important for reliable forecasts of adverse and dangerous phenomena.In the process of work, referring to satellite images, which make it possible to obtain the state of coastal systems with high accuracy, initial conditions are entered into the mathematical (computer) model. The model analyzes satellite image data and determines levels of “pollution”, the formation of extinction zones and other factors that may threaten nature.Discussion and Conclusion. Discussion and conclusions. Using this model, it is possible to predict possible changes in coastal ecosystems and develop strategies to protect them. The results obtained make it possible to significantly reduce the time of forecast calculations (by 20−30 %) and increase the likelihood of early detection of unfavorable and dangerous phenomena, such as intense “blooming” of the aquatic environment and the formation of extinction zones in coastal systems.

NFC technology for precise localization in areas with limited global navigation satellite system signal

NFC technology for precise localization in areas with limited global navigation satellite system signal

基于多传感信息融合的移动机器人定位与环境感知技术

基于多传感信息融合的移动机器人定位与环境感知技术

Application and Effectiveness Evaluation of Augmented Reality Technology in History Museum Exhibitions

Abstract In the context of the rapid evolution of science and technology, the integration of reality technologies has become indispensable for the evolution of history museum exhibitions towards digitization, connectivity, and intelligence. This study details the development of a visual-inertial guidance system, leveraging both the Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) and Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) technologies. To construct a mixed reality tour guide system, the Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) feature extraction algorithm and tracking registration technology were employed to enhance the system’s exhibit recognition accuracy and tracking capabilities. Additionally, parallel processing techniques were implemented to accelerate the system’s performance, thereby improving operational efficiency while maintaining accuracy and maximizing the potential of augmented reality interactive functions within the history museum setting. The effectiveness of the system was empirically validated through participant evaluations across three dimensions: task completion, design recognition, and knowledge conveyance. Results indicate that all average scores exceeded 9, with 85% of participants acknowledging the enhanced convenience in knowledge acquisition provided by the technology. Furthermore, the coefficients for the guided tour abstract symbol verification were recorded at -0.007, 0.009, and 0.081, respectively. These findings corroborate that the deployment of an augmented reality interactive system and a mixed reality tour system can significantly expand the public service functions and historical-cultural education offerings of history museum exhibitions while also enriching the sensory experiences of attendees.

Sustainable Consolidation of Churches that are historic monuments damaged by earthquakes

Historical buildings were built using local materials and technologies and suffered degradation of their structural elements over time due to abandonment, material degradation, unauthorised interventions or the action of extreme events such as earthquakes. In Romania, there are many historic buildings seriously damaged by earthquakes, which during the communist period were abandoned or strengthened through irreversible interventions with reinforced concrete. In recent years, historic buildings have begun to be consolidated, respecting the principles of sustainability, using mortars with hydraulic lime and composite materials. The article presents sustainable and reversible retrofitting solutions used for the consolidation of historical Orthodox churches in the Gorj area, Romania, severely damaged by the earthquakes of February 2023.

Performance Evaluation of Newly-Developed Tumor Markers Assay Kit Based on Flow Fluorescence Assay.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of recently developed tumor marker clinical kits in China, with the aim of encouraging local medical technology innovation and thus narrowing the research and development gap with foreign kits. The newly established reagent kits were analyzed on the TESMI F3999-Luminex200 flow lattice instrument to verify precision, sensitivity (blank limit), linearity, anti-interference ability, carry-over contamination rate, hook effect, and reference interval verification. Additionally, the newly established reagent kits were compared to other commercially available detection kits (reference reagent kits) to analyze the correlation between the two types of kits. The intra-assay and inter-assay precision had coefficients of variations (CVs) less than 3.50% and 6.91%, respectively. The tumor marker blank limits were lower than the manufacturer's statement. The newly established reagent kits demonstrated excellent linearity (r > 0.99). Rheumatoid factor, triglycerides, bilirubin, and hemoglobin did not have significant interference with the determination of tumor markers. The carry-over contamination rates were all much lower than 3%. At extremely high concentrations of AFP (277,335 ng/mL and 1,031,424 ng/mL), the measured tumor marker values were higher than the upper limit of the linear range and no hook effect occurred. The reference interval was suitable for use in clinical laboratory settings. Correlation analysis indicated a satisfactory relevance and consistency between the newly developed reagent kits and reference reagent kits, with correlation coefficients of r > 0.967 among 654 patients and healthy individuals. The newly developed reagent kits for tumor markers performed well in all evaluated parameters, having the potential for clinical promotion and application.

Agroecological efficiency of various doses and combinations of organic and mineral fertilizers in the cultivation of spring wheat in Karakalpakstan

The soils of the Republic of Karakalpakstan differ from the soils of other regions of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the insufficient amount of nutrients available to the plant. In this regard, in the Republic, in the production of crop production, it becomes necessary to compensate for the lack of nutrition of the plant by introducing huge doses of expensive mineral fertilizers, and this, in turn, additional labor and a significant financial investment. As a result, this leads not only to an increase in the cost of production and a decrease in the profitability of production, but also negatively affects the ecological state of the soil and the environment. In recent years, grain yields in the Republic have been ensured only by applying large doses of mineral fertilizer, but despite this, grain yields are lower than average than in the Republic of Uzbekistan, and soil fertility leaves much to be desired. Experts attribute this to the insufficient level of attention of producers to the physical, chemical and biological condition of soils, that is, it is not compensated by natural organic components but is subjected to heavy loads. Based on these facts, the conclusion is obvious that in this region, mineral fertilizers, although they are one of the main factors that increase the productivity of crop production, nevertheless they are not able to affect the fertility, resistance and environmental sustainability of the soil. Based on this, it is necessary to develop a local technology involving traditional and alternative types of organic fertilizers capable of compensating for nutrients during the growing season of the plant with maximum optimization of mineral fertilizers without compromising yield.

Passive IoT Localization Technology Based on SD-PDOA in NLOS and Multi-Path Environments

Passive IoT Localization Technology Based on SD-PDOA in NLOS and Multi-Path Environments

Research on Ecological Innovation and Modern Informatization Inheritance Path of Tantou Woodblock Printing

Abstract Tantou woodblock prints are traditional Chinese woodblock prints with a long history. Adding modern information technology elements to the excellent traditional culture can better combine regional contemporary woodblock prints and realize the cultural heritage. In this paper, from the perspective of modern informatization inheritance, we propose a way of displaying Tantou woodblock prints with AR enhancement technology, which breaks the limitation of physical experience with the help of virtual technology and improves the immersive experience of Tantou woodblock prints by combining with visual SLAM spatial localization technology. Based on the KANO model, the inheritance effect of Tantou woodblock prints was empirically analyzed. The data of Q, A, I, R, M, and O of the satisfaction results of the experience effect of Tantou woodblock prints were 1.132, 3.034, 2.828, 1.422, 1.237, and 0.978, which belonged to the excitatory type of demand. The inheritance satisfaction could be improved by enhancing the natural experience effect. The percentage of experiencers’ satisfaction with the information acquisition rate of Tantou Wooden Plank New Year’s Paintings that reaches excellent and above is 82.35%, and this paper effectively captures the user’s experience point in the visual, which contributes to the inheritance of Tantou Wooden Plank New Year’s Paintings.

Lightweight visual-based localization technology

Lightweight visual-based localization technology

A high-precision image registration method for multi-channel single molecule localization

Single-molecule localization technology has been widely used in single-particle tracking and super-resolution imaging of biological samples, as it can bypass the diffraction limit of optical systems. Multi-channel single-molecule localization uses multiple imaging channels to simultaneously track different targets or perform multi-color super-resolution imaging, and can also improve the axial depth of single-particle tracking or achieve higher localization precision and density for super-resolution imaging. However, the difference between images in each channel can affect collaborative localization or quantitative analysis, so image registration is a key step in its image data preprocessing. Moreover, due to the high precision of single-molecule localization, its requirements for multi-channel image registration accuracy are also high. Existing technologies generally use control point-based registration methods and often use complicated and precise methods to obtain fiducial images for locating control point pairs to achieve high-precision image registration, which involves high sample or experimental equipment requirements and is difficult to directly extend to other systems. Therefore, developed in this work, is a high-precision image registration method that can directly use randomly distributed fluorescent beads as fiducial samples based on local nonlinear transformation and elimination of mismatched points. By monitoring and iteratively filtering control points in the process of feature matching and transformation model parameter estimation to eliminate control point pairs that are not accurately matched due to inaccurate or poor precision of single-molecule localization, the adverse effects on accurate acquisition and precise matching of control points when using randomly distributed fluorescent beads as fiducial samples are eliminated. At the same time, a second-order polynomial fitting based on local weighted mean is used for estimating the transformation model parameter to better adapt to the existence of local nonlinear deformation between different channels. The results show that using this method only requires three iterations to find and eliminate control point pairs that are not accurately located and matched, thereby achieving more accurate transformation model parameter and improving the registration accuracy by an order of magnitude, achieving a registration accuracy of about 6 nm in a complex dual-channel single-molecule localization imaging system based on orthogonal astigmatism.