Local Values Research Articles

Reverse design and optimization of digital terahertz bandpass filters

In this paper, an ingenious reverse design method is applied to the design and optimization of terahertz bandpass filters in order to achieve standardized design of high-performance terahertz functional devices. An equivalent model of subwavelength metasurface mapped to digital space is established. Based on ideal objective functions and constraints, intelligent algorithms begin a bold journey to explore the vast potential structure in the solution space. Through iterative refinement, the algorithm reveals optimal structural patterns, unlocking areas of unparalleled performance. The direct binary search (DBS) algorithm and the binary particle swarm optimization (BPSO) algorithm are compared in optimization process. When using the DBS algorithm to optimize the design area, it takes a long time to poll the logic states of all pixel units point by point, and it is easy to get stuck in the local optimal value. However, BPSO algorithm has stronger global search capabilities, faster convergence speed, and higher accuracy. Through a comprehensive comparison of the device performance optimized by the two algorithms, the solution optimized by BPSO algorithm has better out-of-band suppression performance and a narrower full width at half peak, but slightly lower transmittance at the center frequency. The bandpass filter has a center frequency of 0.51 THz, a bandwidth of 41.5 GHz, and an insertion loss of -0.1071 dB. When considering computational efficiency, DBS algorithm lags behind, the simulation time is 11550 s, while BPSO algorithm only needs 9750 s. Compared with the traditional forward design, the reverse design method can achieve the narrower band, lower insertion loss, better out-of-band suppression and polarization stability. The fine structural changes of the optimal results have a significant influence on spectral performance, demonstrating the superiority and uniqueness of reverse design. This technology contributes to the design and optimization of high-performance and novel functional devices.

Development of STEAM-2C: Integrated Acid-Base Digital Book Based on Malang Local Wisdom

Contextual approach in learning acid-base concepts is proven to improve students’ understanding. This is based on an initial survey of students regarding the acid-base concept, as many as 66.7% were interested in learning the concept if it is related to everyday life. Therefore, a contextual approach integrates contextual and real-world applications has been proposed to make the concept more meaningful to students. STEAM-2C which integrates aspects of (Science, Technology, Arts, Engineering, Mathematics, Culture, and Communication) is one application of a contextual approach that is proven to increase motivation, besides that students also need to explore the local wisdom around them. However, the problem is that no learning resource combines aspects of STEAM-2C based on local wisdom, one of which is in Malang City. Therefore, a learning media was developed in the form of a flipbook integrated with the STEAM-2C approach based on Malang’s local wisdom, namely Malangan batik which is associated with the concept of acid-base. The method used in this research is the RnD (Research and Development) method with a modified ADDIE development model with restrictions into 3 stages, namely analysis, design, and development. The results showed that a digital-based flipbook in the form of an application had been compiled. The content in the flipbook includes chem-culture, chem-matter, chem-news, and chem-tech illustrating the integration of acid-base material with the STEAM-2C approach. Flipbook is packaged as an application with several main features, namely pre-test, learning video, flipbook, posttest, and games to support the student learning process. The integration of the STEAM-2C approach and local wisdom can familiarize students with social and cultural awareness characters that are closely related to 21st century skills, as well as make students able to solve problems better, creatively, independently, think logically, and introduce local wisdom values to students on acid-base material.

FIDMT-GhostNet: a lightweight density estimation model for wheat ear counting.

Wheat is one of the important food crops in the world, and the stability and growth of wheat production have a decisive impact on global food security and economic prosperity. Wheat counting is of great significance for agricultural management, yield prediction and resource allocation. Research shows that the wheat ear counting method based on deep learning has achieved remarkable results and the model accuracy is high. However, the complex background of wheat fields, dense wheat ears, small wheat ear targets, and different sizes of wheat ears make the accurate positioning and counting of wheat ears still face great challenges. To this end, an automatic positioning and counting method of wheat ears based on FIDMT-GhostNet (focal inverse distance transform maps - GhostNet) is proposed. Firstly, a lightweight wheat ear counting network using GhostNet as the feature extraction network is proposed, aiming to obtain multi-scale wheat ear features. Secondly, in view of the difficulty in counting caused by dense wheat ears, the point annotation-based network FIDMT (focal inverse distance transform maps) is introduced as a baseline network to improve counting accuracy. Furthermore, to address the problem of less feature information caused by the small ear of wheat target, a dense upsampling convolution module is introduced to improve the resolution of the image and extract more detailed information. Finally, to overcome background noise or wheat ear interference, a local maximum value detection strategy is designed to realize automatic processing of wheat ear counting. To verify the effectiveness of the FIDMT-GhostNet model, the constructed wheat image data sets including WEC, WEDD and GWHD were used for training and testing. Experimental results show that the accuracy of the wheat ear counting model reaches 0.9145, and the model parameters reach 8.42M, indicating that the model FIDMT-GhostNet proposed in this study has good performance.

The Prominent Role of Hat Chap Cai Luong Arts in Tourist Attraction to Thoi Son Island, Tien Giang Province

The purpose of this article is to study and analyze the current development and utilization of cultural and artistic tourism products on Thoi Son Island, Tien Giang Province. The article focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of incorporating don ca tai tu music (a genre of chamber music in the traditional music of southern Vietnam) in serving tourism activities in recent times and identifying existing issues in the development process of these cultural and artistic tourism products. In addition to discussing the advantages and competitive capabilities of Thoi Son Island, the article also proposes suitable solutions for the development of cultural and artistic tourism products in the locality, particularly the application and promotion of the art of hat chap cai luong (one of the traditional theater opera plays in southern Vietnam) combined with storytelling for tourism purposes. The research methodology employed in the article combines both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The quantitative part of the research will concentrate on collecting data on tourist numbers, income from cultural and artistic tourism activities, and tourist satisfaction. The qualitative part will involve conducting interviews, surveys, and gathering opinions from experts and local residents to gain a better understanding of the issues related to cultural and artistic tourism products featuring cai luong singing on Thoi Son Island. The research findings indicate that incorporating the art of hat chap cai luong into tourism activities is effective. However, several issues have been identified that need to be addressed, such as diversifying cultural and artistic tourism products, protecting and promoting the local cultural values, and ensuring the ability to meet the future demand for cultural tourism products without causing harm.

Robot kinematics analysis and trajectory planning based on artificial potential field method

Abstract In order for a robot to complete a given task, it must first be made to autonomously reach a specified target location, so optimizing the robot path trajectory planning is a prerequisite for the use of robots. In this paper, for the two problems of the traditional artificial potential field method of target unreachable and local optimization, we first improve the repulsive potential field function so that the robot’s gravitational force and repulsive force are zero at the target position and then construct the robot kinematic analytical model by setting the virtual target point away from the local minimum value point. On this basis, the improved algorithm is used to compare simulation experiments in three environments with the real trajectory planning test in the showroom. In the climate “near the obstacle of the target point” and the pure U-shaped area environment, the robot of the traditional APF algorithm cannot reach the target point. However, the algorithm in this paper reaches the target point in all three environments, with a time taken of only 21, 33, and 42 seconds, respectively. In the real trajectory planning of the showroom, the improved algorithm in this paper reaches the target point quickly and accurately, with a total path trajectory length of 77.7835m, a time of 43 seconds, and a total turning angle of 793°. This paper provides an effective method for planning robot path trajectories in a complex and variable environment.

Mitigation of Motion Artifacts in Handheld Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging Illustrated on Psoriasis Lesions.

Handheld laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) is crucial in clinical settings, but motion artifacts (MA) can compromise perfusion image reliability. Current prevention and suppression methods are often impractical or complex. Machine vision techniques, promising in medical imaging, could improve signal quality, but their use in suppressing MA is still unexplored. We propose an innovative method based on linear regression for MA correction (MAC) in LSCI and validate it in vivo. We performed paired handheld and mounted LSCI measurements on 14 subjects with psoriasis using the previously validated handheld perfusion imager (HAPI). By marking lesion boundaries for clinical purposes, the HAPI used a monochromatic camera for both speckle imaging and motion detection, simplifying hardware requirements. Accurate estimation of relative displacements between the test object and LSCI probe allowed us to apply MAC to the perfusion images. Local perfusion values correlated with applied speed were used to calculate and correct MA. The difference between mean perfusion in handheld and mounted modes after MAC significantly decreased (median error 14.2 perfusion units (p.u.) on lesions before correction ( ) and 0.5 p.u. after correction ( p=0.2)). The findings provide evidence for robust handheld LSCI and validate the MA technique in psoriasis case. Of the two causes of MA-onsurface speeds and wavefront tilt-we address the former and correct mean perfusion, assuming constant temporal perfusion at each location. We describe a practical, non-contact, marker-free technique for reliable handheld perfusion imaging, supporting further clinical translation in plastic surgery and burns.

Recognition and Protection of Indigenous Peoples’ Rights to Tongkonan Land in Tana Toraja Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the position of Tong konan land as part of the Tana Toraja Indigenous Peoples and analyze the Tongkonan land management system. The research method used is empirical juridical sourced from primary data and secondary data by being analyzed qualitatively descriptively. The results of this study show that the status of Tongkonan land ownership in Toraja is not comprehensive due to the need for an approach based on local wisdom values so that Toraja customary law communities can carry out all economic, social, and cultural activities on Tongkonan land and there is also a new legal relationship between customary law communities and Tongkonan land and The loss of legal relations between the two sides caused by the loss of communal value of the tongkonan land . The status of tongkonan land is bound by customary law so that it is subject to applicable customary law, among others, the land is prohibited from being transferred to other parties outside the Tongkonan community (Toraja indigenous people)

Dynamic response and cumulative damage mechanism of simplified hull girders under repeated underwater explosions

The dynamic response and cumulative damage mechanism of simplified hull girders (SHGs) subjected to repeated underwater explosions were investigated in this research. Experimental and numerical investigations were conducted to gain a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between cumulative damage and explosive charge. Three series of experiments were carried out on SHGs, subjecting them to both single and repeated loading (up to five times). The analysis focused on the overall deflection values of the SHG and the local bottom plate deflection values, revealing a linear relationship with the cumulative number of occurrences. A validated finite element simulation model was employed to examine the response of the SHGs under repeated blast loading, utilizing experimental results for validation. An impact factor was established to quantify the magnitude of the explosive force, considering both the power of the explosive and the distance of detonation. The SHGs showed localized deformation at 10 impact factors, but experience pronounced cumulative effects at 14.4 and 20 impact factors. Furthermore, a consistent decline in the residual strength of the SHGs as the number of explosions increased. Following the first underwater explosion, the damaged SHG displayed an ultimate plastic bending moment of 3696.5 N m, reflecting a 16.3 % reduction compared to the unloaded SHGs. This reduction can primarily be attributed to the altered load distribution on the deformed SHGs. These findings contributed to the understanding of the cumulative damage behavior and response of SHGs exposed to repeated underwater explosions, providing valuable insights for the design and structural integrity assessment of naval vessels.

Innovative Applications of Intelligent Assistive Systems in Interior Design

Abstract With the development of smart homes, virtual reality, and other technologies, people’s demand for digital modeling and visualization of interior space is increasing. How to quickly and accurately estimate the layout of the interior space has become a matter of great concern. This paper develops a 3D virtual visual interior design platform structure based on this. By studying the indoor multi-sensor fusion localization system, the localization module in the navigation process was designed based on this fusion result. The visual localization algorithm, WiFi localization, PDR localization, and AMCL fusion localization algorithms are introduced, respectively. The extended Kalman filter algorithm is used to fuse the algorithm with the highest state value for localization, which is used for scene recognition according to the algorithm localization effect. To achieve the 3D virtual visual impact, a 3D virtual visual interior design platform is created based on 3D virtual vision. Experiments are conducted on the localization system in the platform, and the error of all the localization points of the localization method combining vision and AMCL is no more than 1.1m, with the maximum error of 1.071m and the average error of 0.481m, which is the lowest error among all the algorithms. The localization sensor constructed by the localization algorithm using vision and AMCL with extended Kalman filtering has an average error of 10.33cm, which allows for good scene recognition. The data analyzes designers’ satisfaction with the use of the platform, and the independent variable in the regression equation that contributes most significantly to total satisfaction is the platform’s time-saving, with a coefficient of 0.324. The platform’s focus should be on enhancing time efficiency.

Enhancing the Visual Effectiveness of Overexposed and Underexposed Images in Power Marketing Field Operations Using Gray Scale Logarithmic Transformation and Histogram Equalization

Abstract In this paper, we propose an adaptive gamma transform that adjusts the local values of bright and dark parts to enhance the effect of low-illumination images, thereby improving the light component. We then apply diff texture enhancement to enhance the contrast of images processed by the Retinex algorithm, thereby optimizing the perception of overexposed and underexposed imagery. Analyze the effect of image brightness enhancement based on a nonlinear transformation combined with the LOL dataset. Use PSNR and SSIM image quality evaluation criteria to analyze the visual effect of improving low-illumination images based on Retinex theory. Create a dataset of power marketing field operation inspection images and examine the effects of overexposure and underexposure image processing on four types of images: high-voltage towers, transmission lines, high-voltage fixtures, and high-voltage wireframes, using the low-light image texture fusion algorithm based on Retinex theory. Overall, this paper’s algorithm and the three DeblurGAN and DMCNN models achieve the effect of deblurring overexposed and underexposed power marketing field operation inspection images. From the local details, the model in this paper has a better effect on the de-exposure of the image, which can provide effective help for the electric power staff to understand the situation of the electric power marketing operation site and has strong practicality.

Sustainable urban mobility programs that serve as active travel to school programs in Hungary: The case of Pedibus and Bicibus

In the context of modern, sustainable urban development, various socio-technical innovations have proliferated in response to urban challenges, offering well-defined solutions. Since the 1970s, the so-called ‘backseat generation’, a group of children whose parents drive them to school daily, has emerged in developed countries, particularly in urban areas. This phenomenon has many adverse effects on children, the environment, and urban spaces. The present study addresses the issue of urban transport management, in particular, the issue of daily active transport to school. Based on literature analysis, it aims to present good international examples, such as the pedibus and the bicycle bus, which emphasize local values and resources in the light of the 'slow city' concept. The study concludes with a presentation and evaluation of the pilot programs (Pedibus in Gödöllő and Bicibus in Pécs) that have been established in Hungary in recent years. These programs provide a supervised, safe, group-based solution for school children and their families to get to school and build community between different generations.

Learning the Imaging Model of Speed-of-Sound Reconstruction via a Convolutional Formulation.

Speed-of-sound (SoS) is an emerging ultrasound contrast modality, where pulse-echo techniques using conventional transducers offer multiple benefits. For estimating tissue SoS distributions, spatial domain reconstruction from relative speckle shifts between different beamforming sequences is a promising approach. This operates based on a forward model that relates the sought local values of SoS to observed speckle shifts, for which the associated image reconstruction inverse problem is solved. The reconstruction accuracy thus highly depends on the hand-crafted forward imaging model. In this work, we propose to learn the SoS imaging model based on data. We introduce a convolutional formulation of the pulse-echo SoS imaging problem such that the entire field-of-view requires a single unified kernel, the learning of which is then tractable and robust. We present least-squares estimation of such convolutional kernel, which can further be constrained and regularized for numerical stability. In experiments, we show that a forward model learned from k-Wave simulations reduces the contrast error of SoS reconstructions by 38%, compared to a conventional hand-crafted line-based wave-path model. This simulation-learned model generalizes successfully to acquired phantom data, reducing the contrast error compared to the conventional hand-crafted alternative. We successfully demonstrate the feasibility of learning machine-specific kernels as well as one-shot learning from a single image. On in-vivo data of a cancerous breast tumor, the phantom-learned model exhibits an SoS contrast of 34.6 m/s, as an impressive improvement over the conventional model contrast of merely 3.4 m/s.

Assessing the Contribution of Smes Towards the Industrial Development of Ogun State

This study delves into the vital role played by Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in advancing the industrial development of Ogun State, Nigeria. SMEs are the backbone of the state's economic landscape, contributing significantly to employment, innovation, and economic growth. Through a comprehensive analysis of SMEs in various industries, this research evaluates their impact on industrial development. The assessment encompasses factors such as job creation, local value addition, and technology transfer, shedding light on the multifaceted contributions of SMEs. Additionally, the study explores the challenges faced by these enterprises and the potential for policy interventions to further enhance their role in industrial development. The findings of this research are invaluable for policymakers, business owners, and stakeholders aiming to bolster the industrial sector of Ogun State. By understanding the diverse ways in which SMEs contribute to industrial development, strategic decisions and policies can be formulated to foster sustainable growth and economic prosperity in the state.

Distributed Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Based on Graph-Induced Local Value Functions

Distributed Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Based on Graph-Induced Local Value Functions

Distributed Fault Tolerant Consensus Control of Nonlinear Multiagent Systems via Adaptive Dynamic Programming.

This article develops a distributed fault-tolerant consensus control (DFTCC) approach for multiagent systems by using adaptive dynamic programming. By establishing a local fault observer, the potential actuator faults of each agent are estimated. Subsequently, the DFTCC problem is transformed into an optimal consensus control problem by designing a novel local value function for each agent which contains the estimated fault, the consensus errors, and the control laws of the local agent and its neighbors. In order to solve the coupled Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation of each agent, a critic-only structure is established to obtain the approximate local optimal consensus control law of each agent. Moreover, by using Lyapunov's direct method, it is proven that the approximate local optimal consensus control law guarantees the uniform ultimate boundedness of the consensus error of all agents, which means that all following agents with potential actuator faults synchronize to the leader. Finally, two simulation examples are provided to validate the effectiveness of the present DFTCC scheme.

Smart Glocal Production – An Assessment Approach for the Readiness Level of Manufacturing Companies

Current challenges such as climate change, the limits of natural resources, and increasing customer-specific sustainability demands require a transformation of value creation. The aim is to move from global sourcing to more local value creation by creating synergistic energy and circular material flows and making better use of capacities while taking urban structures into account.This paper discusses an approach of Smart Glocal Production that combines spatially networked production in global enterprise networks. Based on a literature review, examples of Smart Glocal Production in Germany and Austria are presented. The core of the paper is a novel assessment approach for manufacturing companies to determine their readiness level for glocal production. On this basis, smart measures can be derived with special consideration of digitization initiatives to support manufacturing companies on their way to a more sustainable value creation in industrial areas.

Experimental analysis of flow boiling heat transfer in multi-microchannel evaporators

This paper provides an experimental analysis of flow boiling heat transfer in four finned evaporators with different aspect ratio and heated length have been tested. R245fa was the refrigerant chosen as working fluid for its good thermal characteristics. The imposed heat flux at the footprint covered a range from 30 to 330 kW/m2, while the fluid mass fluxes within the channel varied in a range between 17 and 225 kg/m2 s. The hydraulic diameters of the investigated evaporators were 1.15 mm and 2.09 mm, with aspect ratio (channel width/channel height) respectively of 0.3 and 0.72. Thanks to the measuring apparatus, heat transfer data were collected and then processed to calculate the local heat transfer coefficients, using the fin array heat transfer model. These local values of the heat transfer coefficient were then compared with those calculated from existing correlations for mini-micro channels flow boiling and the Mean Absolute Percent Error was finally assessed.

Loss Accounting Practices among Takjil Sellers Grounded in Local Cultural And Religious Values

This study aims to formulate loss accounting practices by takjil sellers based on local cultural values. This research uses a qualitative method. This study uses an Islamic ethnomethodological approach with five data analysis stages: charity, knowledge, faith, revelation, and courtesy. The results of the study found two ways for takjil sellers to avoid losses: distributing the remaining takjil merchandise for free to neighbors and family and giving bonuses. This loss accounting practice is conditional on the value of sharing, among others. Within the Islamic culture of Gorontalo, elders commonly impart this principle using the expression "lumadu diila o'onto, bo wolu-woluwo," which signifies the presence of something unseen yet still existing. The meaning is that this expression teaches that in life, don't just chase what is visible but also look for something that is invisible but exists. The value of sharing among others is living with the spirit of seeking sustenance that God blesses. This research contributes to the existence of local wisdom value-based loss accounting practices. The conclusion from the findings of this research is that takjil sellers practice loss accounting, which is not limited to material (money) but is conditional on non-material values in the form of local wisdom and religiosity.

Uncovering Local Cultural Values Behind Income Accounting Practices By Ilabulo Sellers: Islamic Ethnomethodology Study

This study aims to reveal the local cultural values behind income accounting practices by ilabulo sellers. This study uses an Islamic paradigm with an Islamic ethnomethodological approach. The results of the study show that ilabulo sellers use their income to finance personal needs, such as making this income as capital to return to selling ilabulo, finance household needs, and in addition to their children's snacks. Furthermore, the ilabulo sellers use their income to share among themselves, such as with scavengers. The income accounting practice is driven by compassion (motoliango). In the culture of the Gorontalo people, there is lumadu (expression) “delo tombowata lo tabo wau labiya" which means like a mixture of fat and sago. This expression contains the meaning of a sakinah household life. "Diila o'onto, bo wolu-woluwo" means invisible, but there. This phrase teaches that in life, do not just chase what is visible but also look for something that is not visible but exists. The following research recommendation is to examine accounting practices by sellers of traditional food in the form of binthe biluhuta. The implication of this research is to present accounting practices by Ilabulo sellers based on local cultural values.

Tambourine Art as a Da'wah Strategy in the Actualization of Islamic Values in Islamic Religious Education Learning

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this research is to determine the art of tambourine as a da'wah strategy in the actualization of Islamic values in Islamic religious education learning.
 Methodology: This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. The instrument used in data collection was an interview sheet. This research data analysis will use a qualitative data analysis approach by Miles and Huberman which includes data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions.
 Main Findings: The results of this research are the integration of local wisdom values, especially through Tambourine Art, in Islamic Religious Education learning which has a positive impact in strengthening students' understanding of local religious and cultural values. Learning that is contextual and relevant to students' lives can make a significant contribution to the formation of strong character rooted in noble religious values.
 Novelty/Originality of this study: The use of Tambourine Art as a Da'wah Strategy in Islamic Religious Education learning provides a holistic learning approach, combining aspects of art, culture and religion in one container. This can enrich students' learning experience and help them to better understand Islamic teachings as a whole.