Local Government Administration Research Articles

Issues Surrounding Socio-Economic Development in the Local Government Areas in Nigeria: A Focus on Financial Budgeting

Developing nations are in dire need for socio-economic growth and development and this desired growth is determined by the economic structure, the political economy and the amount of strategic development plan with purposeful resolve of the National, State and Local governments. More so, development being a long-term, medium-term and sufficiently complemented by short-term plan/ or financial budgeting is paramount to the socio-economic advancement of every nation. Hence, the study examines issues surrounding socio-economic development in local government areas in Nigeria . It is the focus of this study to critically dissect the pivotal role of budgets in local government administration as a socio-economic development strategy of the Nigerian State. The lack of political will and lopsided political structure were found as explanations for the lack of socio-economic development at the local government level. Nigeria, being an independent country is standing on tripod government structure which necessitates the need for the federal, state and local governments to harness resources and efforts to restructure as well as diversify the Nigerian economy. The study also recommends that, local governments should enjoy financial autonomy to enable them participate in building the economy through the initiation and execution of developmental programmes for the local population.

A model of a geoinformation system to support decision-making about the epizootic situation in a municipality

An unfavorable epizootic situation for dangerous infectious diseases requires epizootic monitoring, risk analysis of the introduction and spread of the disease using modern forecasting tools, in particular the use of geoinformation technologies for making management decisions at the level of a subject of the Russian Federation or a municipality. The purpose of the study is to create a model of a geoinformation system to support decision-making about the epizootic situation in a municipality. The analysis of the main directions of the use of geoinformation systems in municipal management is carried out. Five main stages of epizootological analysis of information (system levels) in their logical sequence are considered. At the level of the local government administration, there is an information space containing a display of epizootically significant events taking place in the region, which allows using criteria-based methods of fuzzy description of the information array using electronic maps to determine trends and directions of development of the epizootic situation with an assessment of its intensity by specific indicators (criteria). An algorithm for making managerial decisions in the detection of infectious animal diseases, including African swine fever (ASF), at the municipal level is proposed. A roadmap based on the use of a geoinformation decision-making system with subsequent visualization of the strategic plan for the development of a complex of anti-epizootic measures in ASF is presented. It is possible to use the information obtained to analyze the stability of the information space within the jurisdiction of local self-government. When it comes out of a state of stability, the decision support system forms a request to the state information resource in order to clarify the project of control actions recommended by the local administration. The proposed system allows you to generate queries automatically, clarifying and forming a cartographic representation of the current epizootic situation for the specified territory.

Utilization of Sentinel 1 SAR for Flood Mapping in North Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia

Flood disaster is one of the natural disasters caused by the high intensity of rainfalls which causes rapid rise in stream or river. This is mostly the case in tropical area, such as Indonesia. Konawe Utara regency is one of the regencies in Southeast Sulawesi that recently experienced flash floods in 2019. As a result, the flood caused significant environmental and economic losses and damaged several public infrastructures. This study uses SAR Sentinel 1 imagery to rapid map of the flood event. The method used in this study is the Normalized Difference Sigma-Naught Index (NDSI). This method can identify the comparison of the Backscatter value from the image before and during the flood. Then, extracting the flood information using vectorization tools and calculating geometry features were conducted in the open-source QGIS software. The results of this study show that the flood occurred in some important areas of North Konawe Regency and inundated six (6) districts namely Wiwirano district, Oheo district, Molawe district, Langgikima district, Asera district, Andowia district. Among those areas, Oheo district is the most affected area of flooding with 1836.88 hectares (4,1 % total area of Oheo district). This area included 186.24 hectares of settlement area and bussiness, 664.39 hectares of agriculture area. The rest area of inundation consisted of forests, shrubs and bare lands. More importantly, the flood also inundated the capital city of North Konawe regency located in Asera district with affected area of 25.76 hectares. This flood has paralyzed economic activities and local government administration. The result of this study shows the potential Sentinel 1 SAR in assisting rapid assessment during disaster period and will help local government in considering mitigation approaches.

Local Government Administration and Essential Services Provisioning During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study of Lagos State, Nigeria

Local Government Administration and Essential Services Provisioning During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study of Lagos State, Nigeria

ИСТОРИЯ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ И БОЕВОГО ПУТИ 238-Й СТРЕЛКОВОЙ ДИВИЗИИ ИЗ КАЗАХСТАНА В ГОДЫ ВЕЛИКОЙ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОЙ ВОЙНЫ (1941–1945)

The purpose of the article is to analyze the formation and the military history of the 238th rifle division, formed in 1941 on the territory of the Kazakh SSR. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to study the history of the formation of the Kazakh division since the decision was made by the People's Commissariat of Defense of the USSR. The author notes the participation of the military administration of the republic in the implementation of the intended goals on the ground through the organization of interaction between local government and military administration. The problem was studied by the authors of the Soviet period, modern Kazakhstan and Russia in different years. The study is based on the researches devoted to the history of the Great Patriotic War, historical documents of the Archive of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Almaty), the Center for Documentation of the Modern History of Abai region (Semey) and the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (Podolsk). The study reveals the features of the formation of the 238th rifle division. Trends in the recruitment of military units of the division by commanding, junior command and rank-and-file units are revealed. The military history of the Kazakh division during the war is noted. The study also reveals individual examples of the heroism of soldiers and commanders on the battlefields, which became a personal example for raising the patriotic feelings of Soviet citizens. As a result the author concludes that the 238th Rifle Division from Kazakhstan made a feasible contribution to achieving The Soviet Union's victory over Germany.

ՏԵՂԱԿԱՆ ԻՆՔՆԱԿԱՌԱՎԱՐՄԱՆ ԵՎ ՏԱՐԱԾՔԱՅԻՆ ԿԱՌԱՎԱՐՄԱՆ ՄԱՐՄԻՆՆԵՐԻ ՓՈԽԳՈՐԾԱԿՑՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՏԵՍԱԻՐԱՎԱԿԱՆ ԱՍՊԵԿՏՆԵՐԸ / THEORETICAL LEGAL ASPECTS OF INTERACTION OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT AND TERRITORIAL GOVERNMENT BODIES

Scientific understanding of various aspects of the interaction of local selfgovernment and public administration is due to the theoretical and practical study and coordination of social processes occurring and maturing in the course of the modernization of society. In many cases, these relations determine not only the effectiveness of the implementation by local governments of the powers assigned to them, but also affect the course of development of the local government system. The success of territorial modernization processes directly depends on the degree of state decision-making and local interactions, and the participation of the population in these interactions will contribute to the development of democratic forms, the formulation and solution of deep social problems. The subject of the study is the analysis of various aspects of the development of relations between local government and public administration, as well as the features of their functional interaction.

Institutional Culture and the Welfare of the Aged Population in Arusha District, Tanzania

The rising number of elderly persons in Africa and the need to provide them with support within state and non-state institutions require that the institutions meet the the standards set by international and national conventions on elderly persons welfare. It is in this vein that the current study aimed at determining the role of institutional culture on the welfare of the aged population in Arusha rural district, Tanzania. To achieve this, it explored the role of traditional perceptions on the welfare of the elderly in Arusha rural district, explored how different institutional care plans on the elderly affect their well being in Arusha rural district, and investigated the role of different institutional stakeholders on the welfare of the elderly population in Arusha rural district. The research used Culture Care Diversity and Universality and Social Exclusion theories. The study used mixed Convergent research design under mixed method research approach. It targeted 48,480 elderly persons, 15 local government administrators, 10 non-state actors, and 50 relatives to the elderly. Questionnaire, interview guide, and FGD were used. Data was analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. The study found that traditional community perception, institutional care plans, and stakeholder involvement had a positive relation on the welfare of the older population in Arusha Rural District in Tanzania. It concluded that, elderly persons faced societal stereotypes and traditional beliefs that negatively affected their welfare. It also concluded that, the government offices in the area did not provide friendly and timely care services for the elderly persons.

Comparative Analysis of Local Government Financial Performance Before and During Covid-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a compelling impact on various sectors in Indonesia, including the national economy. This study aims to examine differences in regional financial performance before the pandemic (2019) and during the pandemic (2020) and to examine the effect of the ranking and status of local government administration published by the Ministry of Home Affairs on regional financial performance in the period before the pandemic (2019) and during the pandemic (2020). Paired sample t-test and regression analysis were used to test the hypotheses on the financial performance of 118 local governments consisting of 16 provincial governments, 48 ​​district governments, and 54 city governments. The regional financial independence ratio (RKKD), the effectiveness and efficiency ratio of PAD, the activity ratio, and the growth ratio are financial performance indicators tested in this research. The research's results show the differences between before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in regional financial performance in the PAD effectiveness ratio, capital expenditure activity ratio, and growth ratio. However, there is no difference in regional financial performance before and during the COVID-19 pandemic as measured by the regional financial independence ratio, efficiency ratio, and operating expenditure activity ratio. The results also show that the ranking and status of local government administration have no effect on regional financial performance before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATION ON RURAL DEVELOPMENT: A FOCUS ON SELECTED LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS IN ONDO STATE, NIGERIA

Local government has served as a springboard for progress in the rural areas. Local government administrations are increasingly recognized as primary agents of rural development and as collaborators with both state and federal governments on rural development projects in progress. This study focused on the agriculture sector in Ondo State to evaluate how local government affects rural and grassroots development. The study used a straightforward survey research methodology, with questionnaire administration, focus group discussions, and interviews as the methods for gathering data. Information was gathered from both primary and secondary sources. In each of the twelve (12) selected villages, questionnaires and Focus Group Discussions (FGD) with 10–15 participants were used to gather the primary data. The FGD is to explore issues related to impact of Agricultural Development Programme on farmers in the twelve (12) selected villages, how local government agricultural extension service has been of help to farmers in the study areas and what are the infrastructures put in place by local government. The secondary data came from a variety of sources, including books, journals, government documents, unpublished materials, and libraries. Using SPSS techniques, the gathered data were quantitatively analysed. In the twelve (12) villages that were chosen for the study, the local government's agricultural development programs had little to no effect on farmers, according to the study, which found no causal link between local government and rural development and social infrastructures. The result obtained on Local Government Agricultural Development Programme on farm infrastructure, farm output, farm asset and technology dimensions showed that the programmes were not well monitored and farmer’s awareness was very poor. Within the study area, there is a very high degree of variation. A drastic shift in policy is necessary to address the issue of gap closing, while the programmes do not target the original farmers. Sustainable local government agricultural development programmes is unlikely to occur without serious attention from the government.

The Implementation of Legal Position Regulation of Head of Services/Agency in Local Government

The modern rule of law is a basic concept in every government activity. In the development of state administration, government activities are no longer just implementing laws as described in the trias politica concept, but also attaching the authority to make regulations, a decision that is regulating as a legal forum for policies issued. This study aims to analyze the legal position of the head of service/agency regulations that have been used in the administration of local government. The research method used is legal research with a statue approach, and a conceptual approach. The result of this research is that the regulation of the head of the service/agency does not have a position in the legislation as intended in the Act. This study is a normative juridical study, which is aimed at examining legal principles, legal systematics, research on vertical and horizontal synchronization, legal comparisons, and legal history. The result of this research is that the regulation of the head of the service/agency that administers the regional government does not have a legal position in the hierarchy of laws and regulations as regulated in the Act. Material and formal regulations of the head of service/agency are not legal products that contain rageling material. The regulation issued as a form of discretion by the head of the service/agency should only be in the form of a circular letter.

Leadership and Organisational Culture in Local Government Administration in South Africa

Leadership and Organisational Culture in Local Government Administration in South Africa

Is the European Charter of Local Self-Government an Effective Instrument for the Protection of Local Autonomy in Poland?

Purpose: The objective of this research is to examine whether the European Charter of Local Self-Government is, in practice, an effective instrument for the protection of the autonomy of local government in Poland, as well as well as to define the contribution of the Polish case law and administrative practice to the understanding of the principles of the Charter. The importance of the subject is strengthened by the political context. For many years, Poland was considered a model country safeguarding extensive local autonomy. Recently, however, recentralization trends have emerged in government policies. Design/methodology/approach: The research is based on the qualitative and quantitative empirical research of the case law and administrative practice with elements of doctrinal analysis.Findings: The Charter is present in the case law of the Constitutional Tribunal (22 judgments), administrative courts (166), and public administration bodies supervising local governments (49). The number is high compared to other CoE countries. The administrative courts seem to be more eager to adjudicate in favour of local governments in the cases in which the Charter is referred to.Academic contribution to the field: A specific Polish input to the application of the Charter is the frequent use of the principle of proportionality in the supervision of local governments, which serves the courts as a perfect tool for resolving ‘hard cases’ between the local government and central administration bodies. In several important judgments, Article 11 concerning the judicial protection of local governments was invoked to effectively strike down the law limiting the local governments’ access to court in specific cases.Practical implications: The research may be useful for local government representatives in formulating their litigation strategies, especially in legal disputes with central authorities.Originality/value: This research is the first all-embracing empirical research of the application of the Charter in a country’s legal practice. It shows original ways of the practical use of the Charter not described in the literature so far.

Divisional water quality management-based pollution source control in China's watersheds: an analysis by introducing economic factors.

Divisional water quality management (DWQM) is widely adopted in watershed pollution control. During 2011-2015, China zoned 708 priority controlled areas (PCAs) and 774 non-priority controlled areas (NPCAs) for key watersheds. DWQM at watershed level provides guidance on pollution source control (PSC) at local (provincial, city, and county) level. To identify the consistency between DWQM and PSC, a total of 29,688 enterprise-level data from China was analyzed with the difference-in-difference model. The economic factors that affect both are adopted to identify the causes of the disparities between them. The results show that PCAs were more effective than NPCAs and non-controlled areas (NCAs) in reducing COD emissions, thus better achieving divisional water quality goals. NPCAs were no more effective in reducing COD emissions than NCAs. Local government administration and potential subsidies are key to COD emission reductions, but they do not encourage technological progress. Lesser COD emission reductions were achieved in China's national key ecological function zones (NKEFZs) and upstream areas than in other areas. Current DWQM potentiallyaimed at relativelyshort-term economic benefits, which led to inconsistency with PSC particularly in NPCAs. To improve the coordination between them, ecological integrity should be the focus. Market-based watershed funding mechanism, especially watershed ecological compensation, transforms the short-term economic welfare from pollution control into long-term watershed ecological benefits.

Political Development: Structuring the Administration of Local Government

Local Government Administration Arrangement Is part of Political Development in Aoma Village, Wolasi District, South Konawe Regency, The purpose of the study is to find out the arrangement of government administration in supporting the service This location selection is based on the consideration that the implementation of government administrative services needs to be arranged optimally for service improvement. Used qualitative descriptive research where data collection is carried out in natural conditions (natural setting), primary data sources and data collection techniques are more in-depth interviews and documentation. Data analysis of categorization, reduction, and interpretation. The results of the study showed the arrangement of the implementation of government administration in Aoma Village, Wolasi District, South Konawe Regency in the form of government by providing services to the community in the form of population administration activities, carrying out data collection and inventory of village assets.

Analysis of Incentive Policy Implementation For Regional Health Workers Handling Covid-19 In Regional Financial Management In South Tangerang City In 2021

There are differences in the results of the implementation of Innakesda policy in the regions carried out by the Regional Government. There are local governments that have succeeded in implementing this policy and there are also local governments that have not succeeded in doing so. The analysis was conducted to see the success of Innakesda policy implementation from the dimensions of actors, content, context and processes in local financial management. The location of the research was carried out in one of the areas that successfully implemented the Innakesda policy, namely South Tangerang City. The conclusion of the study provides an illustration that there are situational context factors in handling the pandemic that rely on the role of health workers as the frontline, structural factors on the principle of decentralization of local government administration and cultural factors. Innakesda policy content in the harmonization of regulations and various efforts to evaluate policy implementation is also carried out by the central government and the results are used as input in making improvements to policy content to accelerate the realization of Innakesda in the South Tangerang City. The Political Will of the Mayor of South Tangerang is a key role in Innakesda policy implementation process in managing regional finances from the planning and budgeting stages through integration and coordination of refocusing and budget reallocation while maintaining conformity/alignment of achieving RPJMD targets and staying focused on the COVID-19 handling program. In the implementation and administration stages, the South Tangerang Government pays attention to the principles of order and compliance in regional financial management supported by a smart reporting system using technology for the Planning, Budgeting and Reporting Management Information System (SIMRAL).

The Problem of Alleviating the Poor in the Special Autonomy Governance of Aceh Province

The issuance of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 18 of 2001 concerning Special Autonomy for the Province of the Special Region of Aceh as the Province of Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam and Law Number 11 of 2006 concerning the Government of Aceh are the efforts of the central government to improve the welfare of the people in Aceh Province. During the 20 years of the special autonomy, it has not played a significant role in alleviating the people’s poverty in Aceh. The dynamics of local politics, culture, and history, as well as the lack of organizational and managerial capacity at the sub-national and national levels, are suspected as the culprits of the failure of decentralization. The research objective is built on a perspective that refers to three specific aspects, namely the Governance Dynamics Perspective, the Governance Strategy Perspective, and the Governance Capacity Perspective, to analyze the governance of special autonomy in Aceh Province in alleviating the Poor. Through the literature study method, we will dig up a lot of accurate information and data related to the Alleviation of the Poor in the Special Autonomy Governance of Aceh Province. The research results found that the special autonomy going on so far was the designation of political agreements aimed at regional elites, not the general public. Local government administration's ineffective control is also influenced by the exogenous relationship between governance and regional development in alleviating poverty. In summary, the regional government of Aceh Province does not yet understand: (1) the need for supervision involving the community, (2) the absence of a monitoring mechanism so that the community is not affected, (3) local government effectiveness, (4) lack of information facilities, (5) coordination of public apparatus, (6) inefficient and ineffective service delivery, (7) lack of institutional capacity, (8) human resources, (9) the complexity of the central-regional relationship, (10) local elite power struggle, (11) in the Aceh Special Autonomy Law, regional leaders and local political parties have no responsibility or role in improving welfare. This causes (1) the imbalance between the income of the poor and the expenditure on primary and secondary needs, (2) the poor in Aceh cannot meet a decent standard of living due to low skills based on the size of the poverty line, (3) the quality and competence of human resources due to education cause low public participation in public policies, (4) high transaction costs due to limited access, low connectivity between regions, and limited supply of goods, production facilities, and infrastructure, (5) strategically fluctuating basic commodity prices and low regional government control.

Infaq for Sustainable Development: The Pathway to Achieving No Poverty and Zero Hunger in Bangladesh

The objective of this paper is to identify the role of ‘Infaq’ in alleviating poverty and hunger in Bangladesh. Therefore, this research introduces the Infaq supported ‘One to One Employment Model’ to eliminate poverty and hunger in Bangladesh. The study also finds out the challenges in Infaq model execution in Bangladesh. The study applied a mixed-method, i.e., qualitative and quantitative approach including primary and secondary data. The primary data was collected following the semi-structured interviews, while quantitative data has been presented from the secondary sources. The terms "poverty" and "hunger" are conceived in light of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals, whereas the notion of "Sadaqa" is derived from the Holy Quran, Hadith, and Fiqh. The research draws on labour market statistics for the 2019–20 session collected by the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank from employers, job seekers, and the agricultural and service sectors in Bangladesh. In Bangladesh, the infaq of a fully employed person may lead to self-employment in the service and agricultural sectors for an estimated 26 lakh unemployed people and 1.30 crore partially unemployed people. It can be implemented by the direct participation of the Local Government Administration, initiated as ‘One to One Employment Model". However, the qualitative results reflect that there could be some challenges, such as lack of interest, lack of practicing Muslims, complicated social structure, and lack of coordination. To overcome these challenges, the researchers have also presented some recommendations from the participants in semi-structured interviews.

How Personality Can Improve APIP Supervisory’s Performance? Mediation Analysis Using Various Types of Competencies

Objectives: According to the holistic personality theory, the purpose of this study in general is to investigate the relationship between personality and competence in predicting the performance of the Regional Inspectorate Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus (APIP).Methodology: To investigate the relationship between variables, a survey of 180 respondents was conducted at 11 inspectorates in Bengkulu province. There were 123 auditors and 57 supervisors for local government administration among those who responded. Extroversion, neurotic, conscientiousness, openness, agreeableness, cognitive competence, emotional, social, generic, and supervisory performance are all investigated in this study. The structural equation model and the Sobel test were used to investigate the relationship between these variables. The model was created through an analysis of four new personality types, namely average, calm, selfish, and role models. This study discovered a link between personality and cognitive competence, cognitive competence and generic competence, and generic competence and supervisor performance.Finding: According to the findings, cognitive competence mediates the relationship between personality and generic competence, and generic competence mediates the relationship between cognitive competence and supervisor performance. Furthermore, it was discovered that the role model's personality has a positive effect on employees' cognitive competence.Conclusion: Inspectorate institution should improve its generic competence. The inspectorate must also engage in activities that promote cognitive competence, such as special training. The inspectorate must also plan training to improve employees' lack of personality.

Performance management in South Africa’s municipalities: A case study of Buffalo City Metro

Background: The performance management system (PMS) allows employees and employers to clearly state the objectives and ways through which those objectives must be accomplished in an organisation. Against this background, this study investigated the challenges facing PMS at Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM).Aim: This study examined performance management and organisational success in local government administration in South Africa.Setting: The study was conducted in the BCMM, located in the central business district of the Eastern Cape province in South Africa.Method: In-depth face-to-face interviews were conducted with a sample of 20 participants from BCMM. The participants were selected using the purposive sampling technique. The target population of the study was the employees of BCMM.Results: Based on the analysis of data, the study found that the municipality did not have an electronic system; they were using a manual system in their performance management. Furthermore, the participants also highlighted that there was no approved PMS policy framework that had been endorsed by the council of the municipality.Conclusion: This study recommended that the municipality must have an approved PMS policy framework, and it should be implemented at all levels of employment within the organisation.

A critical review of the fair value of land in Kerala, India

PurposeProperty tax continues to be the most viable, steady, progressive and genuine source of income for an independent local government administration in India. Kerala has one of the most complex cadastral and property taxation systems in the country. In 2008, the Kerala government introduced “Fair value of land” for all landed property in Kerala, which is calculated per Are and notified by the Government of Kerala on the website. This paper presents the outcome of the spatial mapping of the fair value of land in Kerala and its comparison with actual land value collected through advertisements and surveys.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology used in this study analyzed the existing fair value system of land valuation in Kerala and identified its drawbacks. Fair value is integrated into cadastral data in geographical information system (GIS) and spatially analyzed to identify the discrepancies in fair value fixation. The actual land value for 837 locations is collected from online advertisements and verified through a field survey. A paired t-test analysis follows this to compare the fair value and actual land value of the study area.FindingsThe disparity between the original land value and the registration value in Kerala has resulted in the undervaluation of land resources by the government. The fair value fixed by the government is significantly lower than the actual land value based on the statistical comparison results. It is observed that the actual land value is multiple times higher than the government fixed land value. Also, the spatial distribution of the village level fair value shows the randomness in fixation and abnormalities existing at numerous locations.Practical implicationsThe results indicate that the traditional comparison method used for fair value calculation by the Kerala government is not suitable in Indian scenarios due to the unreliability of registration values. The study thus points to the importance of developing a scientific method for determining the land value that would consider various spatially influencing parameters.Originality/valueThe current study provided an in-depth analysis of the land valuation system of the Kerala government. The strengths and weaknesses of the existing system are analyzed through statistical methods.