Actors In Life Research Articles

POSITIVE EDUCATION IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS AS A REQUIREMENT OF FORMATIVE EDUCATION

The main goal of this theoretical study is the analysis and interpretation of innovative processes of formative education. Education, towards the "dialogue of education" in the context of the modernized concept of positive psychology. The goal of every modern pedagogical concept is to improve education and make it more effective. The significant impact of innovations within the educational process have been created by the elements of modern and alternative concepts. Pedagogical practice is currently largely focused on the application of elements of positive psychology to the educational process and on a positive approach to education, supporting and developing positive aspects and traits of students’ personalities, and supporting formative education. Positive psychology and pedagogy are based on the requirement that schools must prepare students for life, making them a key starting point for current education. Their application to a school initiates the creation of a positive model of such school, promoting the strengths and potentials of individuals. Attention is focused on solving and correcting negative phenomena in schools, and towards supporting and developing the best qualities in teachers, students, all actors in school life, but also schools as institutions.

PEMERANAN TOKOH ROBERT DALAM NASKAH A LIFE IN THE THEATRE KARYA DAVID MAMET

A Life In The Theater by David Mamet is a theater script that tells about the problems of a stage actor's life between teacher and student that describes friendship, growth, development, and the human condition in life as a stage actor. To realize the character of Robert in the script of A Life In The Theater by David Mamet, the author uses the acting theory of Stanislavski The System, which is a systematic approach to training actors. In the process of playing the role, the magic if method is used, namely the ability to imagine the character is in a series of fictional situations and imagine how and what the character will do in dealing with the situation. Keywords: Actor, A Life In The Theatre, David Mamet, The System, Magic If

FluorMango, an RNA-Based Fluorogenic Biosensor for the Direct and Specific Detection of Fluoride.

Nucleic acids are not only essential actors of cell life but also extremely appealing molecular objects in the development of synthetic molecules for biotechnological application, such as biosensors to report on the presence and concentration of a target ligand by emission of a measurable signal. In this work, FluorMango, a fluorogenic ribonucleic acid (RNA)-based biosensor specific for fluoride is introduced. The molecule consists of two RNA aptamer modules, a fluoride-specific sensor derived from the crcB riboswitch which changes its structure upon interaction with the target ion, and the light-up RNA Mango-III that emits fluorescence when complexed with a fluorogen. The two modules are connected by an optimized communication module identified by ultrahigh-throughput screening, which results in extremely high fluorescence of FluorMango in the presence of fluoride, and background fluorescence in its absence. The value and efficiency of this biosensor by direct monitoring of defluorinase activity in living bacterial cells is illustrated, and the use of this new tool in future screening campaigns aiming at discovering new defluorinase activities is discussed.

Banks and Companies Relationships: Evidence from the Guinea Republic in West Africa

This paper provides a better understanding of the relationship between banks and companies in the Guinea Republic concerning the different services that result from their collaboration and the difficulties that most companies on the verge of bankruptcy face. Financial/banking markets have become unavoidable in our socioeconomic life. Today they have become the machine of sustainability. Financial and banking institutions are the necessary canals of the impact of actors in entrepreneurial life. The financial and banking markets influence entrepreneurs' decisions and attitudes, including their business models, by setting the requirements for access to financial and banking services. This qualitative study analyses the relationship between banks and companies in the Guinea Republic. The study has adopted a case study methodology to analyze the relationship between banks and companies. The results of our study show that the relationship between Banks and companies in the Guinea Republic deserves more attention from all public and private decision-makers to make both economic sectors efficient. The significance of this research resides, to the best of our knowledge, it is the first to examine the banking-firm connection in the Guinea Republic context. Therefore, it provides essential insight. This study will inform the banks, firms, and State executives about the issues related to this relationship. The authors hope that the findings of this study and the recommendations will enable the heads of banks and companies to improve existing systems to solve the problems between the two businesses (Banks-Companies) in Guinea.

Florence Kelley’s Struggle against Child Labour: Revisiting the Obstacles

Florence Kelley (1859–1932) was a leading American reformer and activist against child labour. As an admired national icon, most of the biographical and scholarly accounts focus on her achievements. This article, by contrast, analyses and categorises the numerous obstacles Kelley had to face in her activist life, hereto barely discussed in the Kelley literature. Drawing mainly on her private papers from the New York Public Library, her autobiography, and edited letters, it focuses on her personal experiences and helps to reconstruct the shadowy sides of her activism. Offering an unpolished historical account rather than a simple and incomplete success story, it aims to give readers a grasp of her perseverance, intelligence, and capacity to change her strategy in pursuit of her goals. Often what seemed to be an obstacle turned out to be an important crossroads on the way towards the next important step in her activist life. Overall, the article reconstructs and categorises episodes involving the lesser-known everyday obstacles she faced, but also critically revisits the way Kelley’s activism has been portrayed in the literature.

HOW TO STUDY LITERARY CULTURE IN THE ENLIGHTENMENT?

It has long been known which books were read most widely throughout enlightened Europe and to which intellectual authorities particular social groups referred. After the long history of research about the 18th century, modernity has also inherited various research habits consisting mainly of constant verification of the recognised hierarchy of authors, publications, and actors of intellectual life. However, the question remains: how to study this literary culture in given continent areas? Speaking of literary culture, we mean the prevailing patterns in the reception, evaluation, assimilation and imitation of literature, information and evaluation channels, local conditions that have a decisive influence on choices and opinions. The author proposes to speak about this matter based on the recently completed work on literary culture in French-speaking Switzerland in the 18th century. Despite its specificity and evident provincialism, this example provides material for a general, theoretical and methodological reflection: is it worth researching production from the second (and further) shelf? If so, how should this material be approached? What does it tell us about the evaluation procedures? The article presents and analyses these issues.

Becoming Carole Lombard: Stardom, Comedy, and Legacy

Becoming Carole Lombard: Stardom, Comedy, and Legacy

Christian Social Activism and Rule of Law in Chinese Societies, edited by Fenggang Yang and Chris White.

<i>Christian Social Activism and Rule of Law in Chinese Societies</i>, edited by Fenggang Yang and Chris White.

Institutional capabilities that endow the individual and collective agency for institutional change (Revisiting Selznick)

Organisational neoinstitutionalism is formed by a plethora of analytic approaches for understanding the institutions, presenting both macro and micro-sociological perspectives. In the former, the action is defined by the institutions and, in the latter, there is an emphasis on the social actors in institutional life. This study conducts a critical review of the literature of the old organisational institutionalism, focusing on the construct of institutional capabilities proposed by Selznick, and develops a comparative analysis between these capabilities and those of the organisational neoinstitutionalism, as well as approaches derived from it. From this analysis it is possible to synthesise an alternative for studying the institutional change, i.e., re-institutionalisation, based upon the institutional organisational capabilities.

Peace that antagonizes: Reading Colombia’s peace process as hegemonic crisis

This article explores how disruptive political conflicts evolve in peace processes by studying Colombian human rights defenders’ discourses about the peace process with the FARC-EP. While post-conflict scholarship has predominantly discussed violence and societal frictions as caused by legacies of war or flawed peace governance, I focus on the confrontations over political imaginaries that are endemic to peace processes. Through the lens of post-foundational discourse theory, I read the peace process as hegemonic crisis. This allows me to unpack the entanglement of political change and conflict, to which my discussions with human rights defenders allude: On the one hand, the peace agreement opened a political moment, in which it seemed possible to leave behind the hitherto hegemonic imaginary of the conflict as terrorism that had protracted the ‘state of war’; the advocacy for peace with social justice, on the other hand, it restaged historical confrontations with elites of the political right as antagonistic conflict over the meaning of peace. My analysis not only challenges the paradigm of war-to-peace transition, but also defines discursive conditions under which disruptive conflicts turn a peace process into an enduring interregnum, where the dawn of the post-conflict epoch is perpetually deferred and activist lives are threatened.

Russian-Ottoman Border in the East Transcaucasia in the 20s-30s of the 18th century: Problems of Demarcation, Reaction of Frontier Communities

The paper analyses one of the issues of the eastern policy of Russia of the Peter’s era, related to the creation of the Russian-Ottoman frontier on the territory west to the Caspian Sea. The difficulties in the process of carrying out demarcation in the border zone caused by the negative reaction of various actors in the border life are discussed. The author introduces a new source – a historical map of the Caspian territories, on which the border between the Russian and Ottoman Empire is drawn; demarcation work, conducted by the committee, is shown. The study reveals that the Russian-Ottoman border line divided the communities of the East Transcaucasia without consideration of historical traditions of conducting economic activity and ethnocultural contacts, thus certain difficulties and unsteadiness occurred in the border zone. The reaction of the frontier participants make it possible, in general, to determine the attitude of the Caucasian and Persian political elites to the emergence of the Russian and Ottoman Empires in the Caucasus-Caspian region. The obtained scientific results are unique from the point of view of humanitarian knowledge, and they can be used for further development of various issues of the Caucasian foreign policy of the Russian and Ottoman Empires of the 18th century by Russian and foreign researchers.

THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF PREFERENCE FALSIFICATION AND ITS INTERPRETATION IN TERMS OF BUSINESSES

Although there is a large literature on the concept of preference falsification introduced in the mid-1990s, it is difficult to say that it has been adequately addressed in terms of businesses, which are the main actors of economic life. The aim of this paper is to explain what the concept of preference falsification is and how it affects businesses. For this purpose, firstly it is examined psychological roots of preference falsification and also interpreted in terms of morality, by reviewing the academic literature on the subject. In the next section, it is analyzed how its effects on businesses, by examining the reasons and social consequences of preference falsification, as well as it is draw attention to its differences with other businesses practices that lead to behavior change. Finally, it has been concluded that if businesses create an innovative culture that does not allow for preference falsification, they not only increase their competitive power, but also contribute significantly to the creation of a social culture in which all kinds of ideas will be tolerated.

Ask a Political Scientist: A Conversation with Cynthia Enloe about Gender and Global Politics

Ask a Political Scientist: A Conversation with Cynthia Enloe about Gender and Global Politics

Remote and Technology-Based Dialogic Development during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Positive and Negative Experiences, Challenges, and Learnings

This study aimed to analyze the challenges, learning experiences, and effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in a social, healthcare, and special education development project financed by the European Social Fund. The theoretical framework of the project relied on the theories of dialogic development and leadership. The method was participatory action research using data collected from various assessments and a questionnaire. Reports of neutral, negative, and positive experiences among two participant groups of the project—the implementers and pilot organizations—in remote work, devices and applications, and remote and technology-based development processes, were recorded. Both participant groups reported increased pressure at work, social isolation, professional loneliness, and improved work control and efficiency. The pilots have learned the development method, and development has been able to continue by utilizing technology despite the pandemic. Development through technology was more difficult, and new dialogic interaction tools have been created. The project was most effective with regard to leadership, teams, renewal, and information flow. There is a need for wide-ranging dialogues with various working life actors when outlining the ways in which future work will be carried out and to reflect on how remote work, technology, and digitalization affect well-being at work, social relations, and leadership.

PROBLEMS OF CONFLICT OF INTEREST MANAGEMENT IN THE CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM

We offers a solution to problems of conflict of interest management in the civil service system. Conflicts of interest are largely provoked by the implementation of a radical domestic policy of reforms that affect the fundamental interests of most actors in political life. It is in these crisis conditions of “institutional instability” that the articulated interests of the main groups in the struggle to preserve or change their political status are especially evident. The conflict of interests of the ruling elite is resolved by the new strategic course development by the political leadership of the state, which finds its expression in the institutionalization of the political regime within the policy of “consensus”. Ukraine implements the European experience and uses international cooperation of developed democracies to study and prevent conflicts of interest, implement international standards, settle political and legal mechanisms to overcome the negative consequences of conflicts in the civil service.

The Comintern, Communist women leaders and the struggle for women's liberation in Britain between the wars: a political and prosopographical investigation, part 1

The literature on Communist women is sparse and touches tangentially on the lives of female activists, even those who participated in the Communist Party leadership. This is the first part of a two-part article which examines 15 of the 18 very unusual women who figured on the Central Committee (CC) of the Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB) between 1920 and 1939. It outlines Communist perspectives on women's liberation documenting their roots in the Marxist analysis associated with Frederick Engels, August Bebel and Clara Zetkin, pioneered in the Second International and the German Social Democracy (SPD), taken up by the Bolsheviks, and adopted in the early 1920s by the infant Comintern. It discusses the strengths and weaknesses displayed by this theoretical tradition and its critique of its rival, feminism. It traces attempts to translate it into practice in Britain thwarted by the resilience of conventional consciousness and the development of Stalinism. In that context, the article adopts a prosopographical approach. It provides a statistical survey of the leading women who made up a mere 13% of CC membership between the World Wars. High turnover hindered female cadre building; 83% of our subjects served only a single term. The cohort was more middle-class than male CC representatives or women in the party at large. While 60% had Communist partners, in a surprising 70% of these cases the woman was more prominent politically. Children and family did not preclude high levels of activism and greater loyalty to the CPGB measured by longevity of party membership than their male CC counterparts. The second part of the paper explores the lives and careers of individual women leaders.

Social divisions and identity engineering of transitional cultural policy in Serbia

Starting from the relationship to the government, we study the social division into ?off-institutional? and ?institutional?, ?independent? and ?dependent? actors of cultural life in Serbia and their mutual interactions within the four families of the transitional cultural system. Due to the similarity with self-management in culture, we observe the phenomenon through two time points that represent turning points in the conduct of cultural policy based on the political, legal and financial authority of the govern?ment acquired on the basis of election results. Empirical research is based on interviews with actors of transitional cultural policy in Serbia and contextualization of the content of internet presentations and media texts. In addition to the comparative analysis, a nor?mative analysis of the document ?Protocol on cooperation between the Ministry of Culture and the Independent Cultural Scene of Serbia? (2011) was also applied, which is a con?firmation of cultural hegemony and identity engineering by the alternative model of cultural policy ?state double?. The results of the research showed that this alternative model in 2011 obstructed the decision-making system defined by law which does not provide for the transfer of decision-making authority to an independent body; that the independent scene is not aware of the joint responsibility for the disastrous results of a weak state according to the Index of states weaknesses in the developing world; that it uses the weaknesses of the transitional cultural policy in order to achieve benefits for itself and related organizations by excluding undesirable value systems in culture, especially those that are the bearers of Serbian cultural identity.

"THE LOCAL PARTY - A TOOL FOR THE MANIFESTATION OF CITIZENS’ POLITICAL WILL AT TERRITORIAL LEVEL"

"In a democratic regime, political parties are relevant actors in the constitutional architecture, undergoing both a constitutional and a legal regulation. The Constitutional Court goes further and, in its jurisprudence , considers political parties as the main actors in constitutional life. The emergence of parties materializes the fundamental right of association and they are intended to define and express the political will of citizens. The Constitution qualifies pluralism, in general, and political pluralism, in particular, as a condition and guarantee of constitutional democracy. Political pluralism is seen in the doctrine as “a fundamental element of the process of conquering and exercising of power, of social leadership”. Political pluralism is also a supreme value, an essential value of society, guaranteed by the constitutional text in Article 1 paragraph 3 and Article 152, thus being intangible . The legislative changes from 2015 allowed the appearance on the Romanian political scene of several local parties, together with the national ones, established either at level of locality or at county level. "

Avangardna umetnost u sociološkoj perspektivi - Renato Pođoli i Boris Grojs

The paper deals with the possibilities of perceiving avant-garde arts on the example of prominent authors: Renato Poggioli in the book The Theory of the Avant-garde, and Boris Groys in the book In the Flow. Both of these works, through which the sociological perspective of avant-garde arts is presented, are separated by a historical gap of over fifty years. Poggioli focuses on defining the basic socio-cultural features of avant-garde arts, mostly studying it as a relatively isolated social phenomenon. He demands that avant-garde arts should be studied as a sociological and psychological fact. Groys views avant-garde, and all contemporary art, as a product of global socio-economic and cultural-historical assemblies. He starts from the idea of material flow as an all-pervading force that affects all actors of social and cultural life. Sociological insight is necessary for the complete study of avant-garde. He states that it was the avant-garde artists who expressed an awareness of the inevitability of the flow. The aim of research is to provide the possibility of sociological consideration of avant-garde art, as a way of understanding characteristics of the culture of modern society.

Možnosti redukce sociálních nerovností ve vzdělávání z pohledu žáků základních škol v České a ve Slovenské republice

Both the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic are countries with a strong dependence of pupils' results on the socio-economic and cultural position of their families. Obviously, the school should act in such a way as to compensate for the effects caused by the different socio-economic background of the pupils and thus positively influence their results. However, in both countries, the educational systems are unable to reduce inequalities caused by the different family backgrounds of pupils. On the contrary, it rather strengthens these inequalities. Already in our previous researches (Svoboda, 2010) we have shown that primary school teachers in the Czech Republic approach differently the support of socially disadvantaged students from the majority and the Roma students. In this article, we present the results of a research study aimed at evaluating selected aspects of support for socially disadvantaged children from the perspective of another group of important actors in school life, namely primary school pupils. The primary goal of the presented part of the research probe was to find out to what extent students accept different possibilities of supporting socially disadvantaged pupils and their families. The secondary goal was to find out whether the level of acceptance of support for the student or his family differs in relation to his ethnicity.