Lithium Reserves Research Articles

A STUDY ON POTENTIAL LITHIUM EXTRACTION IN SPAIN

The search for new sources of lithium is crucial to satisfy a demand that is growing exponentially, as a result of its presence in a key element for decarbonization in mobility such as batteries. In this sense, batteries make use of more than 74 % of the total lithium extracted annually, and it is expected to reach 90 % in 2030 and 95 % in 2040. Bearing in mind that 76 % of the world's battery capacity is in the hands of a single country, China, it is essential to seek local sources of supply. In view of this and the leading position of the European Union in international agreements, it is important to characterize the lithium reserves in the member states, given the expected demand in 2040, with 2 Mt of lithium carbonate equivalent, 20 times the demand in 2021. The present work examines the reserves in Spain, inferred mainly in the provinces of Cáceres, Ourense and Pontevedra. The results show multiple advantages in terms of sustainability or environmental impact, based on the present potential in terms of hard rock lithium reserves. The analyzed resources present enough to supply the market with an annual production close to 7 % of that obtained in 2021 at global level. Keywords: lithium, decarbonization, batteries, mining, resources, resources

Transition Metal Oxides as the Electrode Material for Sodium-Ion Capacitors

The research of energy-storage systems has been encouraged in the last ten years by the rapid development of portable electronic gadgets. Hybrid-ion capacitors are a novel kind of capacitor-battery hybrid energy storage device that has earned a lot of interest because of their high power density while maintaining energy density and a long lifecycle. Mostly, lithium-based energy storage technology is now being studied for use in electric grid storage. But the price increment and intermittent availability of lithium reserves make lithium-based commercialization unstable. Therefore, sodium-based technologies have been proposed as potential substitutes for lithium-based technologies. Sodium-ion capacitors (SICs) are acknowledged as potential innovative energy storage technologies which have lower standard electrode potentials and lower costs than lithium-ion capacitors. However, the large radius of the sodium ion also contributes to unfavorable reaction kinetics, low energy density, and brief lifespan of SICs. Recently, transition metal oxide (TMO)-based candidates have been considered potential due to the large theoretical capacity, environmental friendliness, and low cost for SICs. This brief study summarizes current advancements in research of TMOs and sodium-based TMOs as electrode candidates for SIC applications. Also, we have covered in detail the state of the exploration and upcoming prospects of TMOs for SICs.

The ‘Alterlives’ of Green Extractivism: Lithium Mining and Exhausted Ecologies in the Atacama Desert

Green technologies designed to mitigate climate change through renewable energy and zero-emissions transportation currently depend on lithium-ion batteries, which require ‘critical materials’. Like nickel, graphite, manganese and cobalt, lithium is a key component of batteries that store energy for electric vehicles, smart devices and renewable power plants. Although lithium is present all over the globe, one of the main commercial lithium reserves is in the Puna de Atacama, a desert region at the borders of Chile, Argentina and Bolivia. Resulting from a collaborative study for the Natural Resources Defense Council and the Plurinational Observatory of Andean Salt Flats, this chapter examines how the reliance on brine evaporation as an extraction method for lithium mining exacerbates conditions of ecological ‘exhaustion’ in the Puna de Atacama. The study is based on ethnographic and historical research primarily conducted in Chile with environmental activists, Indigenous leaders, scientists and policy practitioners. Furthering the concept of ‘alterlives’ to examine not only exposure to downstream chemicals but also the in situ alteration of life at mining sites upstream in the chemical supply chain, the chapter analyses environmental injustices inherent to green extractivism across multiple scales. It considers under what conditions Indigenous and local participation may contribute new models and standards for monitoring and offers policy recommendations to prevent further social harm and environmental damage.

The circular economy and mining workwear waste management in Australia: A case study

End-of-life uniforms and workwear account for around 11,000 tonnes of textile waste in Australia and only 1 per cent is recycled, with the rest discarded in landfills. Australia’s large mining industry operations do not currently engage in responsible employee uniforms and workwear management contributing to the problem of waste. In 2021, the Commonwealth Government of Australia supported the development of a product stewardship scheme to recycle uniforms and workwear to be launched in 2022 and awarded A$1 million in funding to the Australian Fashion Council to implement a National Clothing Product Stewardship Scheme. These initiatives aim to improve the design, recovery, reuse and recycling of textiles, providing a roadmap to achieve clothing circularity in Australia by 2030 in line with the National Waste Policy Action Plan targets. The mining industry is the engine of the Australian economy, contributing to economic performance, employment, exports and tax revenues. With the country having some of the largest reserves of iron ore (#1 worldwide), gold (#2 worldwide), silver (#3 worldwide) and lithium (#2 worldwide), the importance of mining and the employment options it provides will continue to grow, particularly in transitioning to a net-zero economy. Urgent solutions are needed to address the issues surrounding uniform and workwear use to eliminate the substantial amounts of textile waste currently generated by the mining industry. This article presents a case study in Western Australia, where half of Australia’s mining operations are located, examining the potential for reducing the mining industry’s garment waste by applying the circular economy principles. The findings from the case study will assist in better understanding the current practices, key challenges and potential opportunities in upcycling and recycling mining workwear in Western Australia.

Lithium Prospection in Portugal for E-Mobility and Solar PV Expansion

Lithium has emerged as a key commodity in the clean energy transition, with demand for the mineral set to soar as low-carbon technologies grow more advanced and widely deployed. Under the motto of the energy transition and a decarbonization of the economy, governments and mining industries seek agreements for the granting of prospecting licenses around the World, defining then the ones that will extend to exploration. New investments in photovoltaic solar exploitations, research in the fields of secondary batteries, thermonuclear power generation, and the fever of the electric car are some of the main uses and exerts pressure regarding the availability, in sufficient quantities, of lithium. Consequently, concern over environmental impacts and undefined local social benefits are alarming residents in rural areas and non-governmental organizations. Therefore, the concern for the environmental impacts and the undefined local social benefits are alarming residents in rural areas and non-governmental organizations. This article reflects on the situation in Portugal, making an economic, energic, environmental and social balance. The article uses the international experience to strengthen the study. In the absence of case studies in Portugal, an analogy with quarry exploitation will be used, whose impacts are similar. The present paper explains why Portugal is currently the key country for lithium exploration in the world, despite it being 7th in the world with regard to lithium reserves. Taking into consideration all parts and the best practices in the world, and if environmental and social concerns are resolved, mining is a good opportunity for Portugal as a Country and for the local population at risk of desertification areas, in the author’s opinion.

Resilient and Sustainable U.S. Supply Chain and Manufacturing Can Be Domestically Sourced with Critical Materials in the Mountain West

EV batteries are one of the America's Supply Chains areas (others include semiconductors, pharma and active pharma ingredients, and critical material and minerals) that many are seeking to increase resiliency domestically in the near future. The U.S. calls for a strategy to increase raw-materials production and manufacturing capacity to minimize foreign dependence of critical materials to support America's clean energy supply chain and produce more green jobs. An example is DOE Critical Materials program will support research on critical minerals supply chains through public private partnership demonstration projects. States such as Nevada, Utah, and Idaho in the Mountain West could be crucial to this strategy with their access to lithium, cobalt and nickel reserves, mining, and production activities. The opportunities for these states to ramp up engineering, design and innovation to offset the PRC's lead in EV, EV batteries production. Given that Lithium, cobalt, graphite, nickel make up approximately 79% of the cost of production of a lithium-ion battery, innovating these areas close to the location of the materials is an opportunity to support U.S sustainable supply chain engineering and manufacturing of the future.

Preparation of Battery-Grade Lithium Composites from Local Spodumene

Nowadays lithium metal is considered as one of the key elements in modern industry. Its usages range from pharmacy to aeronautics including energy storage devices and glass-ceramics. However, since 2005, Lithium-ion Batteries (LiBs) have taken over, as they play a major role in the development of the electronic and green industries [1]. LiBs show the highest growth rate and are expected to take an even bigger part in the lithium industry. The expected growth rate for lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide is respectively 10% and 14.5% until 2025 [2], since they are two of the raw materials used for LiBs. In 2016, lithium carbonate prices were reported to range from 10,000 US$ to 16,000 US$ while lithium hydroxide prices were reported to range from 14,000 US$ to 20,000 US$ [3].The lithium production was, until recently, dominated by the Salt Lake brines, because of their cheaper production cost. The ever-growing demand in lithium compounds led to the regaining of interest for another source, after the lithium price increased. This other source, lithium rich minerals, now account for 50% of the world’s lithium production [4]. Lithium minerals are numerous and include spodumene, eucryptite, petalite, bikitaite, etc. [5].Among those minerals, spodumene LiAlSi2O6 is the most common and the most studied. It offers a theoretical Li2O content of 8 wt %, whereas raw minerals in nature typically offer 1 to 2 wt % Li2O.In Kazakhstan, all known lithium reserves are associated with spodumene and according to U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral Commodity Summaries made in January 2020, Kazakhstan has approximately 50000 tons of lithium [6]. And according to the Kazakh National Technical University, lithium in the process of operation is usually not separately extracted and all goes into the waste "tailings" of the deposits.In this work preliminary results on the development of the optimal leaching process of lithium composites from Kazakhstani spodumene will be presented. The new process offers a fast throughput, direct leach process for spodumene concentrates to produce battery grade lithium hydroxide and / or lithium carbonate monohydrate products. The process is also environmentally sustainable. The leach process is totally sulfate and acid free and the refining process does not involve any crystallization of unnecessary by-product salts.[1] Sociedad Quimica y Minera de Chile, 2003 to 2013, Annual Reports; SQM: Santiago, Chile, 2003–2013[2] SignumBOX. Analysis: Lithium, Batteries and Vehicles/Perspectives and Trends; SignumBOX: Santiago, Chile, 2014; p. 8[3] Jaskula, B.W. Lithium, 2016 Mineral Yearbook 2018; USGS: Reston, VA, USA, 2018; p. 44.1[4] U.S. Geological Survey. Mineral commodity summaries 2016: U.S. Geological Survey Lithium; USGS: Reston, VA, USA, 2016; p. 202[5] Labbé, J.F.; Daw, G. Panorama 2011 du marché du lithium; Rapport public 2012, BRGM/RP-61340-FR; BRGM: Orléans, France, 2012; p. 94[6] U.S. Geological Survey, 2020, Mineral commodity summaries 2020: U.S. Geological Survey, 200 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ mcs2020

Enhancing Aqueous Zinc Metal Anode Reversibility with the Nucleation Sites Given by Oxidized Black Phosphoruspresentation

Electric vehicles and renewable energy have gain lots of interests as a trial to protect environment and to prepare the depletion of fossil fuels. However, currently widely used lithium-ion batteries have disadvantages such as safety issue due to the fire hazard from organic electrolytes and non-uniform distribution of lithium reserves. Accordingly, aqueous zinc ion battery is attracting attention as an alternative because of the use of zinc, which has about 17 times more reserves than lithium, and the use of aqueous electrolyte, which has a low risk of fire. To achieve the high-performance aqueous zinc ion battery, zinc metal has been studied a lot due to its high theoretical capacity (820 mA/g). However, there are several huddles to use the zinc metal as an anode. Low reversibility due to the dendrite formation, exhaustion of electrolyte from the hydrogen evolution reaction, and low energy efficiency coming from high overpotential during charge and discharge steps are them. In this study, we tried to overcome these shortcomings by using black phosphorus. Black phosphorus with a layered structure can make phosphorene, a two-dimensional structure like graphene, through exfoliation. Such phosphorene has the advantage of being able to increase the effect of functionalization because the surface occupies a large proportion of the total. Specifically, after oxidizing exfoliated black phosphorus, we could chemically attach it to the zinc surface, a water-stable two-dimensional coating layer was formed. It could drive a uniform and facile deposit of zinc. Computational and experimental methods were used to understand this role of oxidized black phosphorus.

Selective recovery of lithium from Dead Sea end brines using UBK10 ion exchange resin

AbstractThe Dead Sea, a live pool of minerals and elements, holds ~9% of the world's known lithium reserves. However, the low lithium concentrations (30–40 mg/L) in the end brine and the high divalent to lithium ratio (Mg+2 + Ca+2 to Li+) were obstacles that must be overcome to extract the lithium. In our previous work, lithium concentrations in the Dead Sea end brine were enriched by chemical precipitation up to 1700 mg/kg in the produced solid precipitate. The obtained precipitate was decomposed by double‐distilled water, and about 66% of lithium was leached, producing an environmental liquor containing an elevated concentration of lithium. A sequential ion exchange technique was used to achieve selective lithium recovery in this study. The ability of the UBK 10 strong acid‐type cation exchange resin (Na type) to remove lithium from simulated and environmental lithium‐bearing solutions was investigated. Because of the complex matrix comprising components that may compete with lithium adsorption, a greater quantity of adsorbent was required to achieve the equilibrium state for the environmental solution (7 g) compared to (3.6 g) for the simulated solution. For both lithium‐bearing solutions, the kinetics investigation revealed a pseudo‐second‐order tendency. The interfering capacity was determined to be 0.405, confirming the UBK 10 challenge to selective lithium adsorption. The divalent to lithium ratio was decreased by more than 50 times, yielding encouraging findings for extracting lithium from the low lithium—high divalent to lithium sophisticated Dead Sea end brines.

“The role of ignimbrites and fine sediments in the lithium distribution and isotopic fractionation in hyperarid environments: Insights from Li-isotopes in the Atacama Desert”

The Atacama region in Northern Chile hosts the driest desert on Earth and provides the second highest global Li production, containing the largest reported lithium reserves in the world. The occurrence of extremely elevated Li concentration is restricted to brine deposits contained in the halite nucleus of the Salar de Atacama (SDA). The origin of Li and other solutes in the Andean salt flats has been attributed to different processes, where weathering of Neogene and Quaternary volcanic rocks has been considered to be the most important. Despite recent advances, there is still limited geochemical and isotopic Li data in ignimbrites, particularly surrounding the SDA, hence the potential of these units as a source has remained elusive. In this study, we provide new Li concentration and isotopic data in ignimbrites from the Western Cordillera, fine sediments from the marginal zone of the SDA, and suspended load in shallow groundwater. A moderate enrichment (between 20 and 50 ppm) is recorded in volcanic rocks, averaging 33 ppm, while fine sediments present Li contents one order of magnitude higher, with a mean concentration of ~290 ppm. Due to the Li contents recorded in ignimbrites, which is slightly higher than the upper crust average (24–30 ppm; Rudnick and Gao, 2004), we propose that the potential of these units as the main source of Li resides in their large areal extent, volume, and hydraulic gradient with respect to the SDA. The δ7Li values in ignimbrites vary from −1.5 ‰ to +12.8 ‰. In contrast, marginal zone sediments show negative values of δ7Li (from −1.9 ‰ to −5.3 ‰), except for fine sediments from the Peine Block where a δ7Li is +4.4 ‰. Our results reveal that the measured δ7Li in ignimbrites would indicate volatile exsolution as the main syn-eruptive factor controlling the isotope Li distribution. Regarding post-eruptive processes, water-rock interactions trigger partition of 7Li from ignimbrite to water. Both syn-eruptive and post-eruptive proposed were tested by numerical modeling, supporting our interpretation. We propose that the predominant constituent in ignimbrites, crystals or glass, impacts the subsequent distribution and fractionation of Li in inflowing waters and fine sediments covering the marginal zone. The analysis presented here allows us to define three subzones where different processes are controlling Li fractionation. These factors together with the geological, hydrologic, and climatic history of the region have led to the world-renowned accumulation of Li in the SDA.

China's lithium supply chain: Security dynamics and policy countermeasures

This paper used the system dynamics method to model the lithium supply chain in China, which was simultaneously driven by both demand and price dynamics. We focused on the long-term security dynamics in the context of resource constraints and the growing demand for electric vehicles (EVs) in China. We then simulated the impact of the short-term shock caused by the Coronavirus on the security of the domestic lithium supply chain. Based on scenario analysis, China's lithium supply chain exhibited prominent consumption-driven characteristics. Long-term changes in China's ultimate recoverable lithium reserves would not have a significantly impact on lithium supply chain security. Contrary to this, the development of the EVs industry would result in a significant increase in China's demand for lithium, which might adversely affect the security of the country's supply chain for lithium in the future. The domestic lithium supply chain was able to withstand the short-term impact of the Pandemic, but overcapacity was intensified as a result.

Reservas, recursos y exploración de litio en salares del norte de Chile

The discovery of lithium in the Salar de Atacama in northern Chile in 1969 laid the foundations for the development of the world’s leading lithium brine deposit. The available background on the brine deposits located in the Atacama and Maricunga salt flats indicates reserves of 10,879,000 tons of lithium, to which resources are added for 3,335,100 tons of lithium identified in 9 additional Andean and pre-Andean salt flats. The future of exploration is also auspicious considering that there is information on the presence of lithium-bearing brines in another 13 salt flats and 36 identified prospective areas that have not yet been studied. The level of lithium reserves and resources identified and the encouraging expectations for exploration place Chile as a relevant player in the development of the lithium industry worldwide.

Surface passivated LixSi with improved storage stability as a prelithiation reagent in anodes

In recent years, lots of efforts have been applied to improve the initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), among which prelithiation is considered to be one of the most promising schemes. Here we report a modified LixSi with high lithium reserves and great environmental adaptability as the prelithiation reagent, which can make up for the capacity loss of the negative electrode in the first cycle. Through the chemical reaction between aluminum isopropoxide and LixSi, a protective layer consisting of LixAlySiOz/Li2O is formed on the surface of LixSi particles. This synthesized material provides a new idea for the actual industrial production of prelithiation.

PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF LITHIUM RESOURCE BASE IN UKRAINE

Rare metals are an important component of Ukraine's resource base. According to preliminary estimates, the overall lithium resource potential in Ukraine is quite high. The main lithium deposits are associated with Proterozoic complexes (1,7–2,1 billion years) of alkaline rocks, carbonate and granite pegmatites. Significant lithium reserves have been discovered at the Shevchenkivske, Polokhivske, Stankuvatske deposits and Dobra, Kruta Balka promising areas. The estimation of lithium oxide reserves is close to 500,000 tons, but none of lithium deposits in Ukraine are not mining yet. Most of lithium deposits are complex that is why even medium and small deposits can be attractive for investment, having well-developed infrastructure and the presence of mining and processing enterprises within the Ukrainian Shield (US).

Formulating the Electric Vehicle Battery Supply Chain in Indonesia

The need for electric vehicle (EV) in the world is currently showing an increase, including Indonesia. Indonesia's Lithium reserves of around 4.5 billion tons and is the largest in the world, about 32.7%. This study aims to formulate a strategy for the EV battery supply chain in Indonesia to support the industry. Data was collected through questionnaires from experts using AHP-CPI. Center of Gravity was applied to determine the specific location and the supply chain strategy was formulated with SWOT. The research resulted in the best alternative location for an EV battery factory in the IMIP-Morowali industrial area, Central Sulawesi with score 486.55. Two grand strategies were suggested for EV supply chain industry, conducting research and improving human resources through training and technology transfer from investors by providing incentives.

India’s Strategy to Procure Lithium to be a Leading Lithium-Ion Battery Manufacturer

Lithium is one of the foremost valuable metal which is widely used for manufacturing batteries and also has other uses in solar panels, ceramics, glasses and pharmaceuticals. Lithium is third most abundant element after hydrogen and helium but the most lithium deposits are only in Bolivia (21 million tons), Argentina (17 million tons), Chile (9 million tons), Australia (6.8 million tons), China (4.5 million tons). Bolivia, Argentina, Chile forms so called lithium triangle. Due to depleting reserves of fossil fuels and its harmful impact on the environment has forced the globe to shift to Lithium-ion batteries which is much eco-friendlier alternative. India’s push for electric vehicles (EV) may cause a considerable change in its energy security priorities, with securing lithium supplies, a key material for creating batteries, becoming as important as buying oil and gas fields overseas. India doesn't have enough lithium reserves for manufacturing lithium-ion batteries. The majority electric vehicles within the country run on imported batteries, mostly from China. At present a lithium-ion battery accounts for 40% of the overall cost of an electrical vehicle.
 Khanij Bidesh Pvt Ltd is a venture firm of three central public sector enterprises namely National Aluminum Company (Nalco), Hindustan Copper Ltd (HCL), Mineral Exploration Company Ltd (MECL). The KABIL would do identification, acquisition, exploration, development, mining and processing of strategic minerals overseas for commercial use and meeting country’s requirement of those minerals. The mission is to not allow India to fall in a very vulnerable position with a probable threat of supply squeeze as went on within the case of petroleum, with India being the world’s third largest oil importer and to amass cobalt and lithium mines in addition on get into purchase agreements of those minerals. This may help in achieving resource security with regard to strategic minerals.

Effects of Intra-Structural Interactions of Indium Hexacyanoferrate on the Li+ and K+ Intercalation Potential

Due to the lithium reserves for the growing sector of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), there has been an increased interest in the development of new technologies based on the reactions with other ions, as Sodium (NIBs) and Potassium (KIBs) ion Batteries. Particularly, the intercalation potentials of NIBs are lower than LIBs, limiting their application, for this reason the KIBs are a promising option. Since lithium has a higher polarizing power than potassium, it is expected that the cation-structure interactions influence the intercalation potential. So, in this work we carefully evaluated the structural changes induced by the interactions of Li or K ions with an open framework structure (indium hexacyanoferrate) without water. The lack of water within the structure is important since new intra-interaction phenomena arise, which have not been previously analyzed, providing deeper insights of the importance of the various interactions in this kind of system. The intercalation potentials were evaluated by CV and galvanostatic experiments in a non-aqueous system using a mix of solvent, demonstrating a higher potassium intercalation voltage of 3.9 V vs K+/K in comparison to Lithium 3.3 V vs Li+/Li. The nature of such high potential is evaluated around the electronic structure alterations arising from internal structural modifications and intra structural interactions leading to changes in the way that the ion is interacting with the framework. The lowest formal potential shown in presence of lithium as intercalation ion, can be attributed to a noticeable anisotropy in the charge density on the Fe–(CN)6 octahedron provoking distortions of the molecular block FeCN6, as was confirmed by infrared analysis and Density Functional Theory calculations.

The potential of lithium in Quebec for the electric vehicle market: state of the art, opportunities and challenges

ABSTRACT The demand for lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles (EV) has triggered an unprecedented interest in this metal. Although there is asignificant history in the scientific literature regarding lithium mining in Quebec between 1950–1980, very few studies document the current state of the art and address the possibility of the province integrating alocal production chain oriented towards the EV battery market. This paper presents Quebec’s position and analyses its needs and potential market through aliterature review focusing on the main opportunities to produce domestic spodumene concentrates, as well as the major challenges the province will have to face to make the most of its competitive advantages. Furthermore, it provides an updated list of lithium mineral resources and reserves in Quebec, in compliance with NI 43–101. The results show that Quebec holds 94.1% and 85.8% of all Canadian mineral reserves and resources, respectively. The paper also provides an overview of the lithium industry in the province and compares its status with other Canadian jurisdictions. Quebec lithium mines would benefit if their production could be directly integrated with other local or nearby partners, generating ajoint benefit throughout the manufacturing chain of lithium-ion batteries for the EV market.

Effect of the Addition of Flocculants and KCl on Sedimentation Rate of Spodumene Tailings

Lithium has become an element of great relevance in recent times, because among its various applications is the manufacture of batteries, and it is a vital part of the growing development of new products such as electric vehicles. On the other hand, the geographical distribution of lithium reserves is very heterogeneous. Of the existing minerals, only some of them are important sources of exploitation, such as the salt in South America, while in other countries mineral deposits such as spodumene stand out. The process for obtaining lithium from spodumene consists of concentrating up to 3% lithium by flotation. Because other minerals associated with this mineral are mainly silicates (feldspar, clays, quartz and micas), great problems are generated in the thickening stage. This article seeks to study the effect of the addition of flocculants and KCl on the sedimentation rate, in addition to studying its effects on the turbidity of the supernatant in different types of water. This is done by Batch sedimentation tests with tailings pulps, to later characterize both the pulp and the supernatant by means of the turbidity of the clarified water. Magnafloc-338 flocculant is the most convenient to use with industrial water, since it reaches a high sedimentation rate of 34.2, 37.44, and 45.36 m/h, with doses of 5, 10, and 15 g/t respectively, and a low turbidity rate (31 Formazin Nephelometric Units (FNU)) at low flocculant dosages.

Understanding the Electrochemical Performance of Hybrid Na(2-x)LixFeP2O7 (x= 0, 0.6) Cathode Materials

The need for green energy is increasing every year, and renewable energy and efficient storage require large-scale lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The use of LIBs has resulted in declining lithium (Li) reserves, which effectively increases the cost of current LIBs. Na ion batteries (NIBs) have been proposed as an alternative to the LIBs as it displays similar properties to them. However, Na ions (Na+), possessing higher ionic radii, and lower energy density than Li ion (Li+), the NIBs have limited commercialization potential. One proposed solution is the development of hybrid cathodes, where the cathode has both Li+ and Na+ in the structure and can be active in both Li and Na cells. The current work describes the development of hybrid cathode material in which the substitution of Li+ for Na+ in the configuration of Na(2-x)LixFeP2O7 (x=0,0,6) is considered to form Na1.4Li0.6FeP2O7 cathodes. The solid-state technique was used for the synthesis of Na(2-x)LixFeP2O7 (x=0.6) cathode. Structural analysis indicates the formation of phase pure crystalline materials with non-uniform and sub-micron particles. It is also noticed that the original triclinic structure of Na2FeP2O7 is preserved with the substitution of Li+. It is also revealed that Na1.4Li0.6FeP2O7 shows improved thermal stability up to 550°C when compared to Na2FeP2O7. The electrochemical performance of Na2FeP2O7 and Na1.4Li0.6FeP2O7 is investigated using various electrochemical characterizations. Both Li and Na half cells show electrochemical activity for Na1.4Li0.6FeP2O7 with decent cyclability. However, Na1.4Li0.6FeP2O7, suffers from lower electrochemical efficiency when compared to Na2FeP2O7. This could mainly be due to the lattice distortion upon substituting larger Na+ ions with smaller Li+ ions. Nevertheless, Na1.4Li0.6FeP2O7 hybrid cathode material can be used as a reference to synthesize new cathode materials with improved efficiency.