Level Of Innovative Development Research Articles

Innovative Potential of Regional Economic Systems under Conditions of Variability of Ecological and Economic Processes

In this paper, the authors studied the theoretical basis for the formation of the innovative potential for the development of ecological and economic regional systems, analyzed the indicators characterizing the level of innovative development of regions, developed recommendations for improving the innovative potential of ecological and economic regional systems. The influence of external factors, including the global pandemic, on regional economic systems requires an adequate identification of the dependence of the process of forming innovative potential on the degree of their development. In this regard, the difference in socio-economic conditions for the development of regions, as well as cardinal changes in scientific paradigms and theories, require a reasoned justification of the principles of the concept of forming the innovative potential of economic regional systems in the context of the rapidity of technological patterns and ecological influences. All this reinforces the need to substantiate the theoretical and methodological key concepts of development and formation of the innovative potential of economic systems of regions, determined by an understanding of the economic essence of the category “innovation potential” adapted to modern conditions of economic development, considering the factor dependence of the formation of stable and dynamic development of economic mesosystems.

The human factor in the system of anti-crisis determinants

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to improve the theoretical-methodical and applied foundations of human factor research within the framework of anti-crisis management. Design/methodology/approach. The informational and theoretical-methodological base of the conducted research was the works of scientists who are dedicated to the study of anti-crisis management, emergency management, social and humanitarian upheavals, stressful factors, and remote management. Empirical results have been obtained based on official sources of statistical data. To achieve the goal, the article uses a set of scientific methods that ensured the conceptual integrity of the research, in particular: methods of theoretical generalization and abstraction, dynamic modeling, analysis of tables of mutual conjugation, cluster analysis, and regression analysis, tabular method, graphic method, etc. Findings. The article aims at improving the theoretical-methodical and applied foundations of human factor research within the framework of anti-crisis management. It has been noted that the priority of sustainable development takes into account not only the expediency of ensuring progress in all spheres of life but also the need to assess its impact on the security of human civilization, where a person appears not only as the main object but also as a subject of the system of anti-crisis measures. Taking into account the defined goal, several tasks have been set and fulfilled in the work: the scientific basis of the place of the human factor in anti-crisis management was summarized, highlighting its socially positive role; the impact of the pandemic crisis on the labor market and the activation of remote management was analyzed; an evaluation of the impact of the level of innovative development of human potential (LP) on the prevention of economic crisis was carried out. The research hypothesis has been defined: a person can destimulate and stimulate crises; the pandemic crisis caused the activation of stressful conditions in the carriers of LP and the spread of remote management; the innovation of LPs reduces the chances of an economic crisis. Practical implications. The materials presented in the article may be useful for representatives of institutions and scientists whose activities relate to the study of the human factor in the framework of the development of measures in the anti-crisis management system. Originality/value. In the article the authors have summarized the scientific basis of the place of the human factor in anti-crisis management. The socially positive role and place of man in anti-crisis management as an object of protection in crisis conditions have been singled out and have been characterized; destimulator of crises in tactical and strategic dimensions; generator, implementer, and controller of management decisions in crisis situations. The influence of the pandemic crisis on the labor market and on the activation of remote management has been studied. It has been noted that the pandemic crisis caused modern problems related to the methods and tools of remote management. The specifics of remote management have been disclosed; the influence of the level of innovative development of human potential on the prevention of the economic crisis is proven.

Evaluating development prospects of smart cities: Cluster analysis of Kazakhstan’s regions

This study aims to study Kazakhstan’s regions and identify places with the best potential for developing smart cities based on cluster analysis. To analyze the differentiation by the level of development, 17 regions of Kazakhstan are grouped according to 2020 data from the statistical bulletin of the National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The formation of groups of regions with different values of indicators was carried out based on agglomerative clustering using the single linkage, complete linkage, and Ward’s clustering methods. In agglomerative clustering, the algorithm groups regions based on observations into clusters, and indicators determine each area’s innovative development level. The instrument to build clustering is the “RStudio” software package. As a result, regions with their essential characteristics were identified, and an assessment of their prospects was obtained with the most significant potential for developing and managing “smart cities” – Atyrau region, Almaty city, and Astana city. The remaining clusters include regions where favorable conditions for the development of innovations have not yet been formed, which require more resources and efforts to build “smart cities.” Therefore, they should not be the first to implement this concept. They need a more balanced, integrated approach, ideally supported by experience in implementing the idea in more promising regions. In a sense, clustering also allowed for identifying potential (or even existing) innovation clusters in regions of Kazakhstan. The study results can be used in developing government programs to form smart cities and further study the potential of smart cities.

Оценка факторов развития экономики и бизнеса в странах Ближнего Востока

In the article, based on the analysis of the main macroeconomic indicators and the values ​​of the indices of global competitiveness, doing business, innovation and fragility of states, exogenous and endogenous factors and conditions for the development of the economy and business in the countries of the Middle East are determined. The authors conclude that despite certain achievements in modernization of the economy and diversification of the export of goods and services, there are risks associated with the high dependence of most countries in the region on world oil prices, political regional instability, the inflow of labor migrants, import dependence, and the peg of national currencies of individual countries against the US dollar, insignificant technological effectiveness and a relatively low level of innovative development, with the exception of Israel, which, unlike other countries in the region, is less prone to exogenous shocks. At the same time, Lebanon and Jordan are among the outsiders in most macroeconomic indicators, and the economic development of Iran, as a country with good economic potential, is constrained by many years of sanctions. In the conclusion the authors give recommendations on the directions of development of the economies of the countries of the region.

Mathematical method of assessing the potential use of logistics infrastructure

The article reveals the content of the interpretation of the potential of logistics infrastructure concept. The main approaches to determining the logistics potential are described, on the basis of which a methodology for assessing its use is proposed. The purpose of the article is to research the components of the potential of logistics infrastructure objects and develop a mathematical model for its assessment. The author's understanding of the logistics potential of the logistics infrastructure is based on an integrated vision of the potential. Such integration has the form of a three-dimensional model with a "resources-abilities-competencies" coordinate system. The resource plane of such a model reveals the phenomenon of transformation of opportunities into abilities. In turn, abilities through their disclosure, consolidation and renewal with the help of training are transformed into competences. The proposed mathematical model of assessing the integral potential of the logistics infrastructure of the enterprise is performed taking into account its life cycle. This approach ensures the objectivity of the assessment of the integral potential. This can provide an assessment of the potential in view of three components that provide directions for the formation and use of logistics infrastructure facilities: resourceful (assessment of material or energy intensity), organizational (efficiency of management, coordination, etc.) and functional (functional infrastructure components, blocks, etc.). Each of these components is characterized by a set of parameters, the assessment of which reflects their compliance with a certain stage of the life cycle of the object under study. The correct selection of a group of parameters is important. In particular, such a group of parameters can be: compliance as a complete set of necessary functions, operations, properties, etc.; excellence as a level of innovative development, informatization, digitization, etc.; usefulness as a level of specialization or versatility (capacity); relevance as a level of expediency, need for use, etc.; relevance as the possibility or suitability of being replaced by a similar means or resource. In this way, the integration of the potentials of individual elements of each direction of formation forms the overall potential of the logistics infrastructure object.

Developing the tools to forecast the level of innovative growth of regions in the Russian Federation

Subject. Effective development of regions in the innovation sphere is impossible without a detailed analysis of the current state, identification of interrelations between various factors, and assessment of problem areas. Mathematical modeling in relation to the specifics of regional economy is insufficiently studied from a theoretical point of view and requires further improvement. The article addresses innovative processes and phenomena in the economy of regions. Objectives. The purpose is to develop tools to forecast the level of innovation-driven growth of the economy of regions of the Russian Federation. The goal is achieved through methods for constructing models to assess the level of innovation in regions and forecast their development. Methods. The study employs general scientific methods of the systems theory, deduction, induction, abstraction, formalization, as well as special methods of regression analysis of time series, and asynchronous harmonic analysis. Results. I developed scientific and methodological tools for assessing the level of innovative development. For practical implementation, I used algorithms for constructing models with lag variables, building an asynchronous harmonic forecast, and factor analysis. Conclusions. The developed tools can be used as a theoretical basis to support managerial decision-making in the field of strategic management of the regional economy.

Оценка устойчивости и эффективности инновационного развития субъектов российской Арктики.

Based on the selected key indicators in the innovation sphere, an integral rating assessment of the level of innovative development (IRR) of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation for the period 2015–2019 was carried out and their innovative profiles were constructed, allowing to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the innovative potential of the subjects. On the basis of comparative ratings, the sufficiency of using the number of indicators for calculations and analysis of the obtained research results is justified. The rating assessment showed the leading position of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the outsiders of the ranking include the Chukotka and Nenets Autonomous Okrugs. The authors propose a method for determining the level of sustainability of the IRR, which is calculated according to the consolidated integral index of innovative development of the region. The proposed methodological approach is based on the use of the coefficient of variation, well-known in the field of probability theory and statistics, and can be used to assess the innovation sustainability not only of regions, but also for other sectors of the economy and social sphere with corresponding changes in the system of indicators reflecting their production and economic activities. On the basis of input and output parameters, a rating of the effectiveness of innovative activity of the regions is compiled and the possibility of predictive assessments of its level for the future is shown. It is noted that in addition to the regional authorities, the results of the study can be used by various economic and social actors to monitor and forecast innovative development, as well as to adjust the existing regulatory documents in the field of innovation policy.

Post- and Neo-Industrial Technologies in the Post-War Development of the Agrarian System in Ukraine

The study focuses on the identification of directions of innovative development of the agrarian system of Ukraine in the war and post-war periods. The relevance of solving this fundamental scientific and practical task lies in the fact that the agrarian structure of Ukraine in modern socio-economic conditions requires the introduction of new and fundamentally different from the pre-war ways of development, which would make the most of modern sciencebased methods of development of organisational and legal entities. The purpose of the study is to outline the challenges facing Ukrainian agriculture in the post-war development of the agrarian system and their solutions based on postand neo-industrial technologies. System-structural analysis and synthesis, monographic, historical methods, methods of abstraction and economic comparisons were used in the investigation. Theoretical and methodological included concepts, provisions, findings presented in the academic publications of Ukrainian and foreign scientists, theories of innovation, communication, information technology. The study considered the substance of technological structures and their influence on economic development in the historical aspect, along with modern models of industrialization and the level of innovative development both in Ukraine and other world countries. The results and challenges of the innovative development of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine for 2000-2020 are analysed, the branches whose low rates of development threaten the food security of the country and the further development of the agro-industrial complex, in particular the challenges and threats caused by the Russian Federation’s full-scale war and occupation of part of the territory of Ukraine, are highlighted. Modern innovative post- and neo-industrial technologies (in particular, technologies of drip irrigation, production of vegetables in the closed ground, precision farming, production of vegetable meat, etc.) were identified and singled out, the broad introduction of which in the post-war period will not only restore the pre-war potential of the agro-industrial comlex, but also ensure its further competitive development. The obtained conclusions and findings can be used in practice: enterprises, rural and urban households – producers of agricultural products and food products on the widespread introduction of drip irrigation technologies, greenhouses, precision farming and robotics, non-animal production of meat and dairy products with high efficiency; specialised scientific institutions and start-ups on the deployment of extensive research towards the creation of new innovative post- and neo-industrial technologies for the production of agricultural products and food; state executive authorities to stimulate the widespread introduction of these technologies to ensure post-war recovery and further competitive innovative development of the agro-industrial complex.

Current state of innovative activities in the Russian regions

Introduction. At the current stage of economic development, Russia’s focus on competitive performance and technological leadership in international markets has boosted the role of innovations. In recent years, a number of policy documents have been adopted; they outline the ways to ensure the transition of the Russian economy to an innovative development path and list the indicators of attainment of pre-defined priorities. The paper presents a comparative study of the Russian regions in terms of their attainment of innovative development targets aimed at the achievement of national strategic goals.
 
 Materials and methods. The authors used open statistical data on innovations in the Russian Federation, published by the Federal State Statistics Service for 2015 and 2020. Statistical methods and cluster analysis were employed to make a comparative analysis using Statistica and MS Excel software.
 
 Results. The Russian regions were clustered in the course of the study, and each cluster was characterized by various aspects of innovative activities. Primary statistics were used to calculate relative indicators of effectiveness of innovative activities. Various statistical charts were used to visualize the results. The studies allow assessing changes in the composition and structure of clusters during the period under review. Calculations were made to assess the degree of achievement of goals set in the “Strategy for Innovative Development of the Russian Federation”. The authors also consider current approaches to innovative activity rankings made for the Russian regions.
 
 Conclusions. The results acknowledge that the level of innovative development is low in the majority of the Russian regions, that have inadequate systems of indicators and calculation methods, used to characterize innovative activities. Development of innovative activity evaluation methods, aimed at promoting innovative activities in the regions and rising the efficiency of investments in innovations, are proposed as promising areas of further research.

Integral Assessment of the Level of Innovative Development of the Railway Industry Companies

Background: NTI Competence Center, in the direction “Technologies of Storage and Analysis of Big Data,” has significant background in the development of integral indexes: a) IQ Cities (to Ministry of Construction of the Russian Federation), b) National Index of digital development of the subjects of the Russian Federation, c) Index of readiness of industries for the introduction of artificial intelligence, d) Index of innovative development for leading domestic companies, including in the sector of air transportation and oil production. Objective: Today, innovative, scientific, and technical development is one of the key factors in maintaining the competitiveness of the railway industry in the transport services market. At the same time, innovative development is a complex and dynamically changing process, due to the high rates of development and implementation of new technologies on the level of commercial use in various tech companies. Therefore, it is advisable to use an assessment of the level of innovative development of a company in comparison with the market competitors. Today in the railway industry, there is a need to assess and constantly monitor the level of innovative development of companies. The relevance of building a single tool for assessing the level of innovative development of railway companies is due to the lack of unified and comprehensive methods for calculating such indexes in the industry and the necessary efficiency of innovative railway companies to increase their competitiveness in the transport services market. Methods: The main research methods used were bibliometric analysis, qualitative methods of information analysis and quantitative methods for the development of integral indexes (methods for standardizing indicators, methods for assigning specific weights, methods for aggregating indicators). The data for the assessment of the indicators as in 2019 were collected using available sources of information (including official reports and strategic planning documents of railway companies, scientific literature from the Scopus/Web of Science databases) and the opinions of independent industry experts. There are three groups of indicators used to form an integral assessment: - indicators for assessing the level of readiness of advanced innovative solutions and technologies (indicators are measured on a scale from 0 to 1 using the Technology Readiness Level scale, where 0 is no solution/ no supporting data; 0.5 is a solution at the development stage (TRL1-7), 0.75 is a solution at the approbation stage (TRL8), 1 is a solution at the production stage (TRL9). - binary indicators for assessing the presence or absence of the use of advanced innovative solutions and technologies (indicators are measured on a scale from 0 to 1, where 0 is no relevant functional (specific characteristic/ capability), 0.5 is possible existence with consideration of indirect factors, 1 - confirmed existence). - quantitative indicators for assessing the effectiveness and scope of innovation policy and the use of advanced innovative solutions and technologies (evaluated and ranked based on the minimum-maximum method). To aggregate these groups of indicators at the subindex level, there was calculated a subindex of the average value of the indicators. All the weights of the indicators included in one subindex are the same. Results: The scientific result of the research is the development of a unique method (structure of the indicators) for calculating the integral index of innovative development of railway companies based on the analysis of the best domestic and foreign practices and approaches to the formation of integral indexes. The method for calculating the index was successfully tested as a part of the assessment of the level of innovative development of the Russian Railways holding. Conclusion: The main result of this work is integral index that has prospects in international practice as a tool for strategic planning of the activities of railway companies to improve efficiency and optimize work processes, as well as a tool for assessing the level of dynamics of the innovative development of the industry and increasing its competitiveness in comparison with other modes of transport.

ІННОВАЦІЙНИЙ РОЗВИТОК ПРОМИСЛОВОСТІ УКРАЇНИ: ЕКОНОМІКО-ПРАВОВІ АСПЕКТИ

High innovation activity is one of the most important conditions for effective socio-economic development of the country. However, in Ukraine, as in other transition economies, the level of innovation development is unsatisfactory. The study was conducted to diagnose problems and develop proposals to stimulate innovative development of the national economy and its industrial sector. In the analytical part of the work, based on the results of the comparative analysis, it is stated that the innovativeness of Ukrainian industrial products is the lowest in Europe. It was found that in addition to the low level of innovation of Ukrainian industry products, the problem is the excessively high or extremely low export orientation of the latter. Thus, the share of products sold abroad in the volume of sold innovative products of Ukraine in 2019 was 54.2 %, while in Poland — 46.2 %. In terms of manufacturing, the highest export orientation of innovative products in Ukraine is characteristic of metallurgical production (90.6 %), production of rubber and plastic products (82 %), repair and installation of machinery and equipment (63.6 %). It is emphasized that excessively high export orientation of innovative products in the conditions of socio-political instability and intensification of globalization processes creates potential risks for the economic security of the country. Three groups of factors influencing innovation activity in Ukraine are substantiated, which include: the level of industrialization of the economy and manufacturability of industrial production; customs policy, foreign economic influence, economic globalization; institutional and macroeconomic environment, special legal framework, mental features of entrepreneurial behavior, etc. It is empirically proven that the low level of innovation of domestic industrial products is a consequence of the long-term policy of agrarianization of the national economy and at the same time unstable dynamics of development of manufacturing industries. The structure of value added of domestic industrial productions is constructed and the place of Ukraine and the EU countries in the world rating on value of an index of economic globalization, de facto is defined. A critical analysis of the legal framework for the implementation of state customs policy of Ukraine. Proposals to the domestic legislation on regulatory and legal regulation and rationalization of innovation parks as an effective way to increase the level of innovation and growth of industrial production are substantiated.

Analysis of global trends in the european venture capital market

The article examines the relationship between the innovative development of the country's economy, the amount of venture funding for innovation projects, investment freedom and the tax system in the country using an empirical study of their causality and the impact of these factors on each other. The correlation is set at 0,59. An assessment of each of the factors on the level of innovative development of the country was made. Indicators for 16 European countries were taken for analysis.The most stable relationship is found between the country's innovative development and investment freedom. The correlation between innovative development and the volume of venture financing of innovative enterprises, as well as between innovations and features of tax policy in the country is somewhat smaller, but still significant. It is established that the availability of venture capital and the development of venture capital in a country will have a tax policy (special taxation, reduction of capital gains tax). It is established that the development of venture business in the country is important because it provides commitment to the innovation sector of long-term financial resources of institutional and individual investors.

Electronic publications in the coordinates of the ISBN system

This article will examine the tendencies and the perspectives in e-publishing in the world as well as Ukraine, again the principles for assignment of ISBNs to electronic publications.
 It is noted that e-book publishing demonstrates a high level of innovative development. Monitoring of domestic monographic electronic publications and the results of the analysis of the document flow of deposited publications received by the Book Chamber of Ukraine in accordance with current legislation show that publishers have difficulties in correctly interpreting certain provisions of current legal and regulatory documents. Often, publishers incorrectly assign ISBNs to electronic publications. Recommendations for the identification of monographic electronic publications in the ISBN system are given and examples are given as well.
 The problems of the participants of the domestic book market regarding electronic publications are outlined. The importance of complying with the requirements of legal and regulatory documents on publishing. Electronic publication published in accordance with current national standards has a much higher chance of quickly finding its way to the target audience.

ANALYSIS OF THE LEVEL OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT AND SUSCEPTIBILITY OF ENTERPRISES TO INNOVATION BASED ON AN EXPERT SURVEY

Topicality. It is time to solve the problem of evaluation and response and, first, to identify and rank the factors of their large number that directly or indirectly affect the innovative development of enterprises. An important step in the process of such an assessment is to establish the most typical features that characterize the threats and opportunities of an innovative enterprise, identified because of an expert survey. Therefore, this study serves to develop comprehensive issues of micro and macro environment, which affect the innovative development of any enterprise, and can be the basis of a standard questionnaire for managers and business owners, as well as innovation managers and employees. Moreover, today the problems of innovative development of enterprises are exacerbated by the emergence of barriers to communication due to the pandemic, disorientation in the goals and objectives of the enterprise as a purposeful system, huge distrust and uncertainty and outflow of specialists. Aim and tasks. The purpose of this study is to systematize the factors of innovative development and development, on this basis, proposals for creating a profile of innovative development of enterprises. The specified goal was concretized in following research tasks: to make a sample of experts in this field; determine the list of non-financial indicators - stimulants, disincentives and focus factors; to create a profile of innovative development of the enterprise, which differs in the interaction of the planned activities of enterprises to avoid adverse consequences and take into account the possibilities of innovative development. Research results. Empirical information obtained during the questionnaire revealed the level of innovative development of enterprises and values regarding the susceptibility of enterprises to innovation. On the basis of the survey (including online surveys) to assess the disincentives to the internal environment, macro-environment and micro-environment of enterprises that have the greatest impact on the innovative development of the enterprise, as well as factors that create favorable conditions for innovative entrepreneurship an approach based on the use of expert survey methods and economic-mathematical modeling. Conclusion. Using methods of observation and abstraction, comparison, analysis and synthesis, summarization, grouping and modeling, factor analysis and expert survey, a methodological approach to developing a profile of innovative development of enterprises was developed, which is recommended to develop and visualize at each enterprise for managers and employees of innovative enterprises, based on the principles of objectivity, confidentiality, self-sufficiency and priority indicators.

ENTROPIC EVALUATION OF INNOVATIVE SYSTEMS ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT

The model of the production complex always includes the object of management and the subject of management in the form of appropriate systems. The method of realization of relations between them depends on the level of development of industrial relations. At the present stage of development of machinery and technology to the method of implementation of these relations requires their integration into a single corporate governance system. In recent years, several approaches have been used to identify the mechanisms underlying the development and operation of complex systems. Particularly useful results were obtained in their study by methods of random matrix theory, mono- and multifractal analysis, chaos theory with reconstruction of the system trajectory in phase space and determination of its parameters such as correlation dimension, spectrum of Lyapunov indicators, recurrent maps. However, the use of some of the methods requires the stationary nature of the studied data, requires long time series and a comprehensive calculation of several parameters. Another approach to considering the features of complex systems is to calculate the characteristics of entropy. The paper considers problematic issues related to the innovative development of machine-building enterprises. An algorithm for increasing the innovation potential of an industrial enterprise is proposed. The authors present a variant of assessing the systemic nature of innovative development of machine-building enterprises. The indicators of evaluation and increase of the level of innovative development of industrial enterprises are systematized. The integral index and the system entropy index are determined.

METHODICAL APPROACHES TO ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF INNOVATION POTENTIAL OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES

The article is dedicated to the investigation of theoretical and methodological approaches to defining the innovation potential of agricultural enterprises in the agricultural sector of the economy, as well as substantiating the relevance of assessing the level of innovative development of agricultural enterprises. The article systematizes and summarizes the existing experience of methods and approaches to assessing the innovation potential of agricultural enterprises, highlights their key characteristics, and provides examples of calculation mechanisms. The advantages and disadvantages of various methods and approaches are identified. For example, a comprehensive approach that includes several indicators: innovation competencies, innovation capabilities, resources, and projects; consideration of various aspects of innovation: the method includes the assessment of various aspects of innovation potential, such as employee competencies, resource availability, ability for innovation activities, and innovative projects; adaptability: the method can be adapted to the specific needs of assessing the innovation potential of enterprises of different sizes and specificities in the agri-food sector. Among the disadvantages, we can mention subjectivity, as the assessment of competencies, capabilities, and resources can be based on the opinions and thoughts of experts; lack of a unified methodology: different methods and approaches may be used in the research, which can lead to discrepancies in the results of assessment and comparison of different enterprises; limitations of data: the assessment is based on available data, which can be limited or incomplete, and the absence of certain information may affect the accuracy of the assessment; dynamics of changes: it can be complex due to the dynamics of changes in the business environment and the speed of innovation development; contextuality: the assessment may depend on various factors, such as regional peculiarities, market conditions, competitiveness, and others. Based on this research, an improved method for evaluating the innovation potential of agri-food sector enterprises is proposed.

Diversification of the Defence Industry Complex as a priority direction for Russia’s innovative development

The purpose of the study is to determine the degree of influence of the diversification of the defence industry on the level of innovative development of the national economy. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were solved: theoretical developments in the study of the essence and history of the development of diversification were summarised, promising directions for the development of this process in the Russian Defence Industry Complex were defined, the main problems of the development of the defence sector were revealed and the directions for their solution were substantiated.In the course of the research, the methods of empirical (observation, measurement, comparison) and experimental-theoretical (historical, logical, hypothetical) level of learning were used, with the help of which the facts of evaluating the phenomenon were collected, verified and systematised, and non-random dependencies were identified and the causes and consequences were determined. For the logical study of the collected facts and the development of concepts and judgments, the methods of the theoretical level were applied (study and generalisation, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction).The result of the study was a well-grounded conclusion that the main reasons for the development of diversification processes in our country are the reduction in the volume of state defence orders and the need to stimulate the innovative development of the production of civilian products. In turn, the development of diversification can become the basis for increasing the economic stability of the defence industry and accelerating innovative transformations in Russia.

Methodology for assessing the impact of favorable conditions on the development of small innovative enterprises based on military institutions

The article deals with issues related to the mechanization of methods existing in Russian practice that allow assessing the level of influence on favorable conditions for the development of small innovative enterprises based on military institutions, and a new comprehensive indicator, which, when creating this database, is a general index of innovation. Based on two factors illustrating only opportunities for development and favorable conditions, and the true results of this activity, methods are proposed for predicting the importance of each element in terms of its impact on the level of innovative development, and, based on this, innovators are usually offered approaches to assigning weight modules to factors used in various methods of calculating the indicator. In the conditions of the current financial crisis, the reason for the success of small enterprises is the impact of their new development system and getting more opportunities for their functioning, to ensure a high level of planning of production processes in small companies. The author examines the Pleiades Correlation Graphs, which is formed based on the method of compiling a list of conditions that affect the development of small enterprises for small businesses based on military companies, to see how small enterprises are in transition. Thus, a methodology for the influence of favorable conditions on the development of small innovative enterprises based on military institutions is proposed, the choice of factors and the principle of assigning weight coefficients for them are substantiated, and a variant of the development of this methodology is shown. Further research is needed to obtain a more complete picture of the relationship between enabling environments and the development of small innovative enterprises based in military institutions.

Conceptual and Methodological Foundations for Assessing the Innovative Development of Socio-Economic System

The purpose of this study is to develop a method for calculating an integrated indicator of the level of innovation development at the stage of exogenous innovation management system in order to identify the state and trends of innovation development in Ukraine. Methodology. The main research methods were analysis and synthesis, methods of statistical observation and generalization in the collection, grouping and analysis of statistics for 10 years. Another method was a comparative analysis in assessing the level of innovative development of Ukraine, in particular, all its components. The method was also used concrete and abstract comparative characteristics – in presenting the results, providing conclusions and research proposals. Results. The factor analysis of the indicators characterizing innovative development of the state for the period of 2010-2019 is carried out, by means of a method of the modified main component the generalizing indicator is constructed. The calculation of the generalized indicators of level of innovative development (LID) in 2010-2019 was carried out using the software SPSS 21. Practical implications. These practical recommendations can be applied not only in the Ukrainian business space, but also in the business of countries that have chosen innovative development. Value / originality. For the first time, an integrated indicator was proposed – the level of innovative development of socio-economic systems (states, regions). Conclusions. A method for calculating an integrated indicator of the level of innovative development of Ukraine, which includes institutional, social, economic, scientific, informational, educational and financial components of innovative development, has been developed. Keywords innovative development, factor analysis, level of innovative development, enterprises, assessment, methodology, unified indicator, potential.

ЗАЄМОЗВ’ЯЗОК СТВОРЕННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙ ВІД ВИРОБНИЦТВА СУСПІЛЬНИХ БЛАГ

The scientific results presented in this article were obtained through the use of the following research methods: abstraction – when determining the essence of the public good category; general and special – when clarifying the specifics of an innovative product as a public good; system approach - to present the interdependence of the economic freedom of the country with the state of development of the innovation sphere. It has been established that in modern conditions of acceleration of scientific and technical progress, the emergence of innovations is increasingly based on the fundamental results of scientific research, and this means that the process of developing innovations without consuming fundamental knowledge that appears on the market as public goods is impossible. It was determined that the public sector of the economy, eliminating the inefficiencies of market mechanisms for the production of public goods, occupies one of the priority roles in ensuring the economic development of the state, performing the function of creating scientific knowledge. The regularity between the degree of economic freedom and the state of innovative activity in the country was revealed, which identifies its place in the global ranking by the level of innovative development. As a result, the importance of the public sector for solving the problem of the transition to a post-industrial society is increasing. The analysis of the existing definitions of "public good" in economic science proved that the definition of the essence of this phenomenon remains the most debatable problem and requires the search for an optimal mechanism for the production of public goods. The practical role of the public sector of the economy as a factor of economic growth is substantiated. It has been established that the expansion of economic freedom is directly correlated with activity in innovative activities, and in those countries characterized by high indicators of the Index, this dependence is expressed more vividly.