Level Of Awareness Research Articles

The level of nutritional and health awareness among female athletes in Jordan

The study aimed to identify women's awareness levels in Jordan about food nutrition and health due to the importance of her being the head of the family and directly responsible for feeding the entire family. Starting with the child and the rest of the family members, where the descriptive approach was used, which was done through the use of a questionnaire that consisted of seven domains as a tool for the study, which was applied to a sample of (1,000) married women from the governorates of Ajloun, Irbid, Jerash, Mafraq, and the capital, Amman, who was selected in a simple random way. Where the study concluded, that the general level of nutritional and health awareness for women was average. In addition, their level of awareness was low in the following areas: (carbohydrates, fruits, and vegetables, children's nutrition, while moderate in adult nutrition, milk, and its products, proteins, and pregnant women's nutrition. The study also found that there is a positive and significant correlation between the level of women's awareness and their subjective factors represented by (their level of education, economic status, children's education, cultural contact, and husband's education), while the correlation was negative and significant with (age and number of children).

Awareness and practice regarding puerperal danger signs among postnatal mothers attending at rural tertiary care center of Nepal

Background: Global evidences show that all pregnancies are at risk and complications during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postnatal period are difficult to predict. Awareness regarding puerperal danger signs is essential for appropriate and timely health management so that maternal mortality and morbidity can be reduced. An objective of the study is to assess the awareness and practice regarding puerperal danger signs among postnatal mothers. Method: Descriptive cross-sectional study design was conducted among 139 postnatal mothers, who were attending at maternal and child health (MCH) clinic and postnatal ward of Karnali Academy of Health Sciences (KAHS), Jumla. Probability simple random sampling method was used. Data were collected by using semi-structured interview questionnaire. After collection of the data, coding was done. Coded data was entered into EXCEL and transformed in SPSS for analysis. Result: Out of 139 postnatal mothers, 60.4% had poor level of awareness regarding puerperal danger signs. Only 39.6% had good level of awareness regarding puerperal danger signs. Similarly, 85.6% of the respondents had poor practice on puerperal danger signs. Only 14.4% had good practice on puerperal danger signs. Conclusion: Health education & awareness program is needed to improve the mother’s knowledge and practice on puerperal danger signs.

Digital marketing and financial inclusion; a study of Orba modern market in Udenu local government area, Enugu State

The study explored digital marketing's role in fostering financial inclusion in Orba Main Market, Udenu Local Government, Enugu State, using a mixed-method approach. While residents displayed varying levels of awareness and adoption of digital financial services, many actively utilized them despite facing challenges such as language barriers, low literacy, and poor internet connectivity. Educational attainment positively influenced awareness, while age negatively impacted perceptions. The findings underscored the need for comprehensive strategies to enhance digital literacy, trust, and infrastructure, aiming to boost market participation and economic empowerment in rural areas. Recommendations included tailored awareness campaigns, improved accessibility, and stakeholder collaboration to address these barriers effectively.

A theory of oral healthcare decision-making in Appalachia.

People make oral healthcare decisions regardless of having partial information, misinformation, sources that deliberately mislead, or information that is culturally influenced. This is particularly true in the Appalachian culture where oral healthcare decision-making practices are not well understood by researchers and dental professionals. Despite efforts to improve dental care utilization, the Appalachia region remains low in oral healthcare utilization. There is a need for a theory to identify concepts in decision-making when seeking oral healthcare. The theory could be useful in creating oral health interventions. The study objective is to develop a theory to identify concepts that influence oral healthcare decision-making in Appalachia (OHDA). The researchers used a grounded theory qualitative study design to explain data for a theory of OHDA. Participants from Appalachia, in 20-minute interviews, provided insights into concepts that influence OHDA from August 22, 2017 to May 26, 2022. Notes/memos were written during and after the interviews and coding was conducted after the interviews. Open coding categories emerged through constant comparison of responses. Five overarching concepts that embody OHDA were discovered: Affect (Level of Pain/Emotion/Stress involvement), Awareness, Trust/belief, Resources, and Risk Perception. All participants discussed the impact of social media toward these concepts. To influence a person's OHDA, public health officials and researchers need to address the person's affect, level of awareness, trust/belief, available resources, and risk perception. Social media is very important in awareness concerning oral health information. These factors are important to consider for similar research in oral healthcare utilization at the population level.

Awareness, knowledge, and behaviors regarding trans unsaturated fatty acids in a sample of Lebanese adults

AbstractLebanon is a country in the Middle East that had been witnessing nutrition transition to a westernized diet high in trans fats (TFs) and saturated fatty acids (TFAs) that had been linked to cardiovascular diseases and many other health issues. This study examines TF‐related awareness, knowledge, and self‐reported behaviors among a sample of Lebanese adults aged between 18 and 64 years, as well as their association with sociodemographic factors and anthropometric measurements. Using a multicomponent questionnaire, a cross‐sectional study was conducted online, across all Lebanese regions based on a convenience sampling method (n = 401). Factors associated with TF‐related awareness, knowledge, and behaviors were examined by multivariate linear regression analysis. The study highlighted specific gaps in TF‐related awareness, knowledge, and behavioral practices as well as differences by sociodemographic factors. Most of the participants (36%) had heard of partly hydrogenated oils (PHOs) rather than TFs (49%). A higher proportion of respondents (54%) said they understood a little about TFs, the majority had inadequate knowledge about the foods that contain TFs, and 44% said they would not give up eating their favorite snack even if they knew it contains TFs. Overall, consumers' awareness and knowledge about TFs are rather low and the majority had fair behavioral practices. In addition, being a woman and having higher education level were significantly associated with higher levels of TFs awareness, knowledge, and behavior scores. Higher behavior scores were shown in older participants, married, and those who had part‐time jobs, whereas having higher income and normal weight were significantly associated with higher awareness scores. These findings offer valuable insight into TF‐related awareness, knowledge, and behaviors in a sample of Lebanese adults and provide key information that could spur the development of evidence‐based TFs reduction interventions specific to the Middle East.

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT RELATIVE TO IMPLEMENTATION OF POLICIES AND PROGRAMS TOWARDS SAFE AND HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT

This study aims to investigate solid waste management programs and policies implemented to promote a safe and healthy school environment in Anao-Kiling Elementary School, Roxas, Isabela. Fifty internal and 30 external stakeholders served as respondents of the study. This research uses a descriptive-normative approach to assess stakeholders' awareness, implementation levels, and challenges. The data were collected through structured questionnaires and interviews, and analyzed through statistical tools such as percentages, weighted means, ANOVA, Chi-Square C-Test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. The results showed that there is a high level of awareness among respondents regarding the policies of segregation, reduction, reuse, and recycling. However, challenges remain regarding waste disposal, showing the need for improvements in the overall implementation of the program and advocacy efforts. In addition, the level of stakeholder participation varied, with composting of biodegradable waste showing the highest level of implementation. Internal stakeholders experienced excessive waste, whereas external stakeholders experienced problems such as a lack of time. There was a significant relationship between existing programs, dissemination, and implementation levels. However, the respondents' perceptions and their profile variables did not show a significant correlation. Conclusions emphasize stakeholder representation, adequate dissemination of program information, and the need for targeted solutions to address implementation challenges. As a result of this study, holistic waste management strategies are crucial to creating a sustainable and healthy educational environment.

To Assess Knowledge of the Parents and Teachers Regarding Sexual Offences among School Children

Background and Objectives: Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a critical global issue that significantly impacts children's physical and psychological health. Parents and teachers play vital roles in preventing and addressing CSA. This study aims to assess the knowledge levels of parents and teachers regarding sexual offenses among school children in the Sheopur district, identifying gaps to inform future educational and training programs. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was employed, involving 200 participants from various clusters within the Sheopur district. A structured questionnaire assessed demographic variables and knowledge of CSA. Results: The study revealed that 67% of teachers had poor knowledge of CSA, with none exhibiting good knowledge, whereas 71% of parents had average knowledge and 11% had good knowledge. Demographic analysis indicated differences in awareness levels, influenced by age, gender, education, and occupation. Teachers, despite higher educational qualifications, demonstrated inadequate CSA awareness, highlighting a need for specialized training. Conclusion: Significant knowledge gaps exist among parents and teachers regarding CSA, with teachers particularly lacking adequate understanding. These findings underscore the necessity for comprehensive, targeted educational programs and training initiatives to enhance CSA awareness and prevention. Effective implementation of the Protection of Children from Sexual Offenses (POCSO) Act, 2012, through practical training and ongoing assessment, is crucial to safeguard children's well-being and rights.

Nursing students' awareness of global climate change: A descriptive and cross-sectional study.

This study aimed to determine nursing students' awareness of global climate change. This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with 302 undergraduate nursing students from a foundation university in Northern Cyprus during the spring semester of the 2021-2022 academic year. A descriptive information form and the Awareness Scale of University Students about Global Climate Change (ASUSGCC) were used for data collection. The mean ASUSGCC score was 3.54±0.64, and the participants received the lowest and highest scores from the awareness of the causes of global climate change (3.54±0.64) and awareness of the effects of global climate change on the natural and human environment (4.03±0.70) subscales, respectively. A statistically significant difference was observed between the Global Climate Change scores and the year of education, with fourth-year students obtaining significantly higher scores (p<.05). The study found that nursing students have a moderate level of awareness of global climate change. To raise the level of awareness among these undergraduates, who will be future healthcare professionals, we recommend including climate change awareness in the national nursing curricula.

Emotional body representations: more pronounced effect of hands at a more explicit level of awareness.

To understand conditions such as body dysmorphic disorder, we need to understand healthy individuals' perceptual, conceptual, and emotional representations of their bodies. Not much is known about the differences in these representations across body districts, for example, hands, feet, and whole-body, despite their differences at sensory and functional levels. To understand this, we developed more implicit and explicit measures of body satisfaction for these body districts. Sixty-seven participants (age M = 30.66, SD = 11.19) completed a series of online Implicit Association Tests (IAT) and a Body Image Satisfaction Visual Analogue Scale (BISVAS; explicit) for each body district (hands/feet/whole body). The results show no differences in the more implicit level of awareness in hands, feet and whole body, while differences are apparent at a more explicit level of awareness, with higher scores for body image satisfaction for the hands than the whole body and marginally significant lower scores for feet than hands. Those findings suggest that visual attention, level of concern attributed to a body district, and disgust drivers are possible factors affecting the experience of attitudinal body image satisfaction.

Individual-Related Factors Influencing Adherence to Hazardous Waste Management Policy Frameworks among Health Workers in Private Hospitals in Nairobi County – Kenya

Purpose: This study, therefore, sought to investigate the individual related factors influencing the adherence to hazardous waste management guidelines among healthcare workers in 4 selected hospitals in Nairobi County Kenya. From the population of 900 healthcare workers from 4 levels 4 facilities, random sampling was applied to identify the 90 respondents. Methodology: Data analysis and reporting was done using appropriate quantitative methods. Findings: The findings from this study show that the level of contribution of individual related factors towards adherence to hazardous waste management policies among healthcare workers in private level four hospitals in Nairobi County is low. Despite the high level of awareness by the health workers on the important measures of collection, segregation, treatment, transportation and disposal of waste, the level of performance on the same is low. This is greatly attributable to negligence and unfavorable attitude towards healthcare waste management practices among healthcare workers. Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: Based on the study findings, we would recommend the improvement of individual related factors on hazardous waste management among healthcare workers.

Factors Influencing Adherence to Hazardous Waste Management Policy Frameworks among Health Workers in Private Hospitals in Nairobi County – Kenya

Purpose: This study, therefore, sought to investigate the factors influencing the adherence to hazardous waste management guidelines among healthcare workers in private hospitals in Nairobi County. The specific objectives of the study included; determining the level of adherence to proper HCWM practices among health workers, identifying the individual related factors that influence adherence to proper HCWM practices among health workers, and identifying the health facility-related (institutional) factors that influence adherence to proper HCWM practices in 4 selected hospitals in Nairobi County Kenya. From the population of 900 healthcare workers from 4 levels 4 facilities, random sampling was applied to identify the 90 respondents. Methodology: Data analysis and reporting was done using appropriate quantitative methods. Findings: The findings from this study show that the level of adherence to hazardous waste management policies among healthcare workers in private level four hospitals in Nairobi County is low. Despite the high level of awareness by the health workers on the important measures of collection, segregation, treatment, transportation and disposal of waste, the level of performance on the same is low. This is greatly attributable to negligence and unfavorable attitude towards healthcare waste management practices among healthcare workers. Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: Based on the study findings, we would recommend the improvement of hazardous waste management efficiency.

Building Urban Climate Resilience: Assessing Awareness, Perception, and Willingness regarding Nature-Based Solutions and Climate Change among Stakeholders in Iligan City, Philippines

Iligan City has been the heart of major industries in steel, cement, and hydropower and is one of the highly urbanized coastal cities in Mindanao, Philippines. Due to its geological state, environmental challenges like flooding, natural disasters, and environmental degradation have been experienced by the city. With the climate crisis, these risks are being magnified. Recently, nature-based solutions (NBS) have gained significant attention worldwide, viewed as a key solution to the consequences of climate change. Yet implementation of strategies and policies regarding NBS, especially in developing countries, has received poor attention. Hence, this study aims to assess the awareness and perceptions of stakeholders in Iligan City regarding climate change, NBS, and willingness to engage in actions involving NBS. Stakeholder mapping and surveys were conducted through purposive sampling. A total of 187 respondents were interviewed from different sectors (LGUs, NGOs, the private sector, and academia) in Iligan City. Results revealed significant differences in awareness and perceptions across the distinct socio-economic backgrounds of stakeholders, where respondents with higher education and income have greater levels of awareness, perception, and willingness. The study recommends future targeted approaches and increased campaigns for climate change and sustainable solutions such as integrating NBS in adaptation strategies and mitigation plans to foster multi-level stakeholder collaboration.

The worldwide trend in diabetes awareness, treatment, and control from 1985 to 2022: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 233 population-representative studies

BackgroundWith the rapid increase in the prevalence of DM, studies on the awareness, treatment, and control of this condition are essential. Therefore, this study aimed to review the literature and pool the awareness, treatment, and control of diabetes at the global, regional, and national levels.MethodsIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, several databases, including MEDLINE/PubMed, Institute of Scientific Information (ISI), Scopus, and Google Scholar, were searched using appropriate keywords up to June 2022. Observational studies investigating the awareness, treatment, and control of glucose levels among diabetic individuals were included. Awareness, treatment, and control were defined as the proportion of participants who were aware of their diabetes condition, treated pharmacologically, and achieved adequate glucose control, respectively. Two investigators independently conducted the study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment. Heterogeneity among studies was calculated using Chi-square, and a random-effect meta-analysis was used to pool the rates.ResultsA total of 233 studies published between 1985 and 2022 met the inclusion criteria. The included studies had a combined population of 12,537,968. The pooled awareness of DM was 60% (95%CI: 56–63) and ranged from 41% (25–57) in low-income countries to 68% (64–72) in high-income countries, with no significant trend observed over the assessed periods at the global level. The pooled treatment of DM globally was 45% (42–48) and varied from 37% (31–43) in lower-middle-income countries to 53% (47–59) in high-income countries, showing variation over the examined time period. Before 2000, the proportion of adequate DM control was 16% (12–20), which significantly improved and reached 22% (19–25) after 2010. The pooled awareness, treatment, and control of DM were higher in females, high-income countries, and urban areas compared to males, upper and lower-middle-income countries, and rural areas, respectively. The older adults population had higher awareness and treatment rates than the adult population, but their DM control did not differ significantly.ConclusionDespite the high level of awareness and treatment among the diabetic population, treatment success (control) is considerably low, particularly in low-income countries and rural areas. It is crucial to improve awareness, treatment, and control by strengthening the primary care system in all countries.

Assessment of the Level of Adherence to Hazardous Waste Management Policy Frameworks among Health Workers in Private Hospitals in Nairobi County - Kenya

Purpose: This study, therefore, sought to assess the level of adherence to hazardous waste management guidelines among healthcare workers in private hospitals in Nairobi County. From the population of 900 healthcare workers from 4 levels 4 facilities, random sampling was applied to identify the 90 respondents. Methodology: Data analysis and reporting was done using appropriate quantitative methods. Findings: The findings from this study show that the level of adherence to hazardous waste management policies among healthcare workers in private level four hospitals in Nairobi County is low. Despite the high level of awareness by the health workers on the important measures of collection, segregation, treatment, transportation and disposal of waste, the level of performance on the same is low. This is greatly attributable to negligence and unfavorable attitude towards healthcare waste management practices among healthcare workers. Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: Based on the study findings, we would recommend the improvement of adherence of hazardous waste management efficiency.

Institutional Factors Influencing Adherence to Hazardous Waste Management Policy Frameworks among Health Workers in Private Hospitals in Nairobi County – Kenya

Purpose: This study, therefore, sought to investigate the institutional factors influencing the adherence to hazardous waste management guidelines among healthcare workers in 4 selected hospitals in Nairobi County Kenya private hospitals in Nairobi County. From the population of 900 healthcare workers from 4 levels 4 facilities, random sampling was applied to identify the 90 respondents. Methodology: Data analysis and reporting was done using appropriate quantitative methods. Findings: The findings from this study show that the level of adherence to hazardous waste management policies among healthcare workers in private level four hospitals in Nairobi County is low. Despite the high level of awareness by the health workers on the important measures of collection, segregation, treatment, transportation and disposal of waste, the level of performance on the same is low. This is greatly attributable to negligence and unfavorable attitude towards healthcare waste management practices among healthcare workers. Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: Based on the study findings, we would recommend the improvement of hazardous waste management efficiency.

Odor awareness modulates the association between perceived stress and chemosensory anhedonia in women.

Chronic stress alters reward sensitivity and contributes to anhedonia. Chemosensation is dominated by a hedonic dimension, but little is known about the association between chronic perceived stress and hedonic chemosensation in non-clinical populations. In the current study, 325 participants (201 females) completed a questionnaire-based survey measuring their chronic perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale; PSS), chemosensory pleasure (Chemosensory Pleasure Scale; CPS), and olfactory metacognitive abilities (odor awareness, affective impact of odor, importance of olfaction). For females, higher PSS scoressignificantly predicted lower CPS scores, which is mediated by the positive odor awareness. Moreover, negative odor awareness was identified as a moderator underlying the relationship between PSS and CPS scores in females but not in males. For females, higher PSS predicted lower CPS for those with lower, but not for those with higher levels of negative odor awareness. These results show that the link between chronic perceived stress and chemosensory anhedonia is pronounced in females, with olfactory perception playing a key role. The current study provides insights into the understanding of stress-related anhedonia and into the development of effective treatments.

Clinical Characteristics and Management of Children and Adolescents Hospitalized With Pyomyositis.

Pyomyositis, a bacterial muscle infection, is an important differential diagnosis in children and adolescents with musculoskeletal pain. In contrast to tropical regions, it is rarely recognized in temperate countries, but incidence is increasing and major studies are missing. This retrospective multicenter study included patients <18 years of age hospitalized with pyomyositis in 11 Swiss children's hospitals between January 2010 and December 2022. Cases were identified by ICD-10 code (Myositis; M60-M60.9), and data was extracted from electronic hospital records. Of 331 patients identified, 102 fulfilled the case definition. Patient age at presentation ranged from 2 weeks to 17 years (median 8 years). The majority had no underlying illness and all presented with fever and localized pain. At the respective site of pyomyositis, 100 (98%) had impaired movement and 39 (38%) presented with local swelling. Pelvic (57%) and leg (28%) muscles were mostly affected. Blood or tissue cultures were obtained in 94 (92%) and 59 (57%) patients, respectively. Of those, 55 (58%) blood and 52 (88%) tissue cultures were positive, mainly for Staphylococcus aureus (35 and 19, respectively) and Streptococcus pyogene s (12 and 15, respectively). All patients received antibiotic treatment during hospitalization for a median of 10 days (interquartile range: 7-17), followed by outpatient treatment for a further median of 16 days (interquartile range: 11-22) in 95 (93%) patients. Fifty-nine (57%) patients required surgery. Pyomyositis is a challenging diagnosis that requires a high level of awareness. Blood and/or tissue cultures revealed S. aureus and S. pyogenes as the predominant causative agents.

Exploring and Enhancing Comprehension of Elliptical Constructions in Students’ Academic Writing: A Case Study

This study explores and enhances the comprehension and use of elliptical constructions in academic writing among EFL students at the Modern College of Business and Science (MCBS). Elliptical constructions, linguistic phenomena where certain words or phrases are intentionally omitted to avoid redundancy, present unique challenges in academic writing contexts. The study, involving 50 students and six teachers from three institutions, employs a Quantitative Content Analysis method and a questionnaire based on the Likert scale and open-ended questions. The research aims to enhance students’ comprehension and use of elliptical constructions, with two specific objectives: to assess the level of awareness among students regarding the use of elliptical constructions in their written work, and to formulate strategies to improve students’ comprehension and application of elliptical constructions in academic writing. The findings reveal varying degrees of awareness and usage among students, with those scoring higher demonstrating noticeable competency. However, teachers’ opinions on effective strategies diverged, indicating a need for more focused strategies. The study suggests that effective teaching strategies should consider the diverse methods employed by teachers and emphasize real-world applications, interactive learning, and personalized feedback. This approach is anticipated to enhance students’ understanding and use of elliptical constructions in their academic writing.

대학생의 인구통계학적 특성과 ESG 인지 및 교육 유무에 따른 ESG 인식수준과 중요도 간의 차이연구

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze the differences in ESG awareness and importance among uni-versity students based on their demographic characteristics, as well as awareness and education regarding ESG. Methods The subjects of this study include 301 undergraduate students enrolled at a four-year university. Using SPSS 23.0, the characteristics of the study population were analyzed in terms of frequency (%), and the reliability coefficient, trend, and normality of the research variables were examined. Differences between groups were ana-lyzed by t-test and ANOVA, followed by Scheffé's post hoc test. Results The main research findings are as follows. First, there were no statistically significant differences in the levels of awareness and importance of ESG factors among groups of university students based on gender, age, and major. In terms of grade, the awareness levels for overall ESG perception, as well as for the E and G perception factors, were higher in the second year compared to the fourth year. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the perception level of S. Grade level showed statistically significant differences in both the im-portance of ESG and its subfactors, with juniors and seniors perceiving ESG as more important than freshmen. Second, the analysis of differences in ESG awareness levels and importance, based on whether university stu-dents are aware of ESG, revealed that across all factors, students who are aware of ESG showed higher levels compared to those who did not. Third, the analysis of differences in ESG awareness levels and importance based on whether university students received ESG education revealed that, across all factors, students who underwent ESG education showed higher levels compared to those who did not. Conclusions This study confirms the importance of ESG and education as perceived by university students. This article aims to propose approaches that focus on implementing ESG in universities.

Awareness Regarding Cancer among People Residing in Kapilvastu District

INTRODUCTIONCancer is a second leading cause of death globally, accounting for an estimate 9.6 million deaths or one in six in 2018 according to WHO factsheet. This study aimed to assess the awareness regarding cancer and its associated factors among adults of Maharajgunj Municipality of Kapilvastu. MATERIAL AND METHODSCommunity based, cross-sectional study design was conducted to assess the awareness regarding cancer and its associated factors and warning signs from January 2023 to July 2023, on a total of 400 participants in the age range of 20-90 years. Participants were enrolled in the study using simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaire from consented participants. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used for further analysis. The level of significance was set at p-value &lt;0.05. RESULTSThis study revealed that only 32.5% of participants were aware of symptoms and 32.8% of participants were aware of the risk factors associated with cancer. Significant associations were found between cancer awareness of risk factors and socio-demographic variables such as occupation (p=0.049), education (p-value=0.02), religion (p-value=0.033), and ethnicity (p-value=0.016). However, this study showed statistically significant association only between level of education and cancer awareness of symptoms. CONCLUSIONThe study findings indicate that approximately one-third of the participants had awareness regarding cancer risk factors and symptoms. These findings emphasize the urgent necessity for increased awareness of cancer among the community. Therefore, it is imperative to implement effective strategies to enhance community engagement in cancer-related health education programs.