Learning Model Type Group Investigation Research Articles

Penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe group investigation untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep kegiatan ekonomi pada peserta didik kelas IV sekolah dasar

The purpose of the research is to improve of concept comprehension on economy activity by applying cooperative learning model type Group Investigation . The subjects were IV grade students of SDN 02 Gedongan in academic year 2018/ 2019, totaling 20 students. This research was a classroom action research which was held in two cycles. There were four stages in each cycle, which was planning, action, observation, and reflection. The data collection techniques were interviews, observations, tests, and documentation . D ata analysis techniques, interactive analysis models and comparative descriptive statistics. Data validity using source triangulation and technical triangulation. Results research to show that average class on preaction class score is 51,55 with 0 % classical completeness. Then class average value increased in cycle I to 71,42 with 42,11 % classical completeness, and in cycle II increased again to 79,55 with 84,21 % classical completeness. Based on results research, can concluded that application of cooperative learning model type Group Investigation can improve of concept comprehension on economy activity on the IV grade students of SD Negeri 02 Gedongan in academic year 2018/ 2019. Keywords: concept comprehension, group investigation model, economy activity, elementary School

MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE GROUP INVESTIGATION UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA

<p>In essence teaching and learning activities are a process of interaction or reciprocal relations between the teacher and students in the learning unit. For this reason, an effort is needed in order to improve the quality of education and teaching, one of which is to choose a strategy or method for delivering learning material so that students can improve their learning achievement. Literature study was conducted to find information about learning, especially the cooperative learning model type Group Investigation (GI). So that by applying the GI cooperative model can improve learning outcomes and student learning motivation. Learning outcomes are what is achieved by students by involving all the potential they have after the students carry out learning activities. Achievement of these learning outcomes can be known by holding an assessment of learning outcomes tests. Motivation to learn means a tendency and high enthusiasm or a great desire for learning. Cooperative learning is a model of teaching where students learn in small groups and have different abilities. Group type Investigation (GI) learning is the most complex learning model. The core steps of the Investigastion Group's learning model are as follows. (1). The teacher forms groups and calls each group leader to receive assignments / material. (2). Each group leader returns to his group and then discusses in depth the tasks that are obtained with the group members. (3). After being considered enough time for group discussion, each group represented by the spokesperson delivered the results of the group discussion that was listened to by all students. (4). The results of the discussion were read by each group alternately by each group until all groups had their turn to deliver the results of the discussion. The application of cooperative learning model group investigation type can be used as one of the learning models in an effort to improve learning outcomes and student motivation in the learning process. Each stage in investigation group learning is a good assessment material related to teacher observation of student activities and the works produced by students while undergoing the learning process.</p>

Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Kognitif Siswa Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Group Investigation

[Title: Improving Student Cognitive Learning Outcomes using Cooperative Learning Model Type Group Investigation]. The purpose of this study was to improve student cognitive learning outcomes using the Cooperative Learning Model Type Group Investigation in class X MIA 2 students of SMAS NW Mataram in the 2018/2019 academic year. The subjects of this study were 15 students of class X MIA 2. This research is a classroom action research (CAR) consisting of two cycles. Observation sheet of learning implementation is used for each meeting to find out the implementation of learning steps according to the learning implementation plan observed by 2 observers. Test instruments of 20 multiple choice questions and 5 description questions were used in this study to find out the improvement of students' cognitive learning outcomes in each cycle. The results showed the implementation of learning in the cycle I (1) the first meeting reached 63.63% with a good category and the second meeting reached 88.8% with a very good category, (2) the cognitive learning outcomes of students in cycle 1 obtained an average value 59 with the classical completeness value achieved 46% of the incomplete category, while in cycle II (3) the first meeting of the implementation of learning reached 72.72% with a good category (4) the second meeting reached 94.44% with a very good category, and for results cognitive learning students obtained an average value of 72 with a classical completeness value achieved 76%. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the Cooperative Learning Model Type Group Investigation can improve cognitive learning outcomes of class X MIA 2 students of SMAS NW Mataram in the 2018/2019 academic year.

Peningkatan Hasil Belajar IPA Siswa Melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Group Investigation di Sekolah Dasar

The purpose of this study was to improve the learning outcomes of class V students through the application of Cooperative learning models of type group investigation to science subjects at Wasur Merauke Elementary School. The research used was classroom action research (PTK) with a type of collaborative research and carried out in two cycles. Each cycle consists of 4 stages, namely planning, implementation, observation, and reflection and carried out in 3 meetings. The subjects in the study consisted of 26 students consisting of 15 male students and 11 female students. The data analysis technique used is the data analysis of the observation sheet used to determine the feasibility of the learning model and student learning outcomes in science learning. Based on the results of this study, the results of the implementation of the learning model increased in each cycle I by 66.0% in the sufficient category to 72.5% in the second cycle in the good category. While the percentage of completeness of student learning outcomes in the first cycle amounted to 64.4% and in the second cycle the percentage of student learning completeness increased by 80.7%. It can be concluded that by applying the cooperative learning model type group investigation can improve science learning outcomes of fifth grade students of Wasur Merauke Elementary School.

Efektifitas Model Pembelajaran Group Investigation (GI) terhadap Hasil Belajar Materi Sistem Reproduksi Manusia Pada Siswa Kelas IX.1 di SMP Negeri 13 Pekanbaru

This study aims: 1) To determine the effectiveness of the Group Investigation (GI) model in the subject matter of the human reproductive system in class IX.1 and IX.2 Pekanbaru SMP Negeri 2) To improve the learning outcomes of students in class IX.1 and IX.2 SMP Negeri 13 Pekanbaru is the subject matter of the human reproductive system through the Group Investigation (GI) model. The effectiveness of the Group Investigation (GI) learning model can improve learning outcomes in classes IX-.1 and IX.2 Pekanbaru State Junior High School 13. This situation can be seen from the results of the tests that have been done, obtained the average value for the experimental class is 66.43 lowest value = 50 and the highest value = 97, and students who complete KKM = 27 students and KKM incomplete = 10 students. While the average value of the control class is 54.67 the lowest value = 30 and the highest value = 80, and students who have completed KKM = 9 students and students who have not completed KKM = 27 students. From the analysis of hypothesis testing it is known, that the experimental group is better than the control group. This is indicated by the value of tcount = 5.409. Ho testing criteria is accepted if tcount <t table. The results of the tcount are then consulted with ttable where a = 5%, dk = n1 + n2 - 2 = 85, obtained = 1-α t (0.95) (85) = 1.66. Because in this study tcount = 5.409 and t table = 1.66, and this means tcount <ttable, then Ho is accepted or significant. And the hypothesis that the experimental class learning outcomes are better than the control class, accepted. Thus the learning of material biology in the human reproductive system using the cooperative learning model type Group Investigation (GI), and the hypothesis which states that the experimental class learning outcomes are better than the control class, accepted.

PENGARUH PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE GROUP INVESTIGATION TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR FISIKA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XI MIPA

The background of this research not all students like physics learning. This is caused by students' lack of understanding of physics learning material. The students' incomprehension can be seen when the learning process takes place, some students are embarrassed to ask even though basically the students do not understand the material presented by the teacher in front of the class. This type of research is Quasi Experiment with research design in the form of Design Group Control. Data on physics learning results are seen in two domains, namely the cognitive and affective domains. In the cognitive domain, the average experimental class has an average of 67.37 while the class has an average of 60.76. Learning outcomes in the affective domain obtained from the assessment of student activity sheets had an average of 79 in the experimental class and 74 in the control class. Based on the results of the analysis of hypothesis testing with the F test, it was found that t count = 1.64, and t table = 2.00, where if –t table < t count < t table then the hypothesis is rejected. So it can be concluded that the use of cooperative learning model type Group Investigation does not affect the learning outcomes of physics students of class XI MIPA SMAN 1 Enam Lingkung.

PENERAPAN MODEL GROUP INVESTIGATION UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR KETERAMPILAN KELISTRIKAN SMPN 6 SINGARAJA

This research aims to improve learning outcomes electrical skills through the application of cooperative group investigation in class IX B1 SMP Negeri 6 Singaraja. This research is a classroom action research conducted in two cycles. The subjects were students IX B1 SMP Negeri 6 singaraja the school year 2014/2015, as many as 30 students consisting of 16 female students and 14 male students. The method used to collect data is the method of testing and observation. the instrument used to collect cognitive data is achievement test. The data obtained and analyzed using quantitative descriptive analysis. These result indicates that an increase in learning outcomes, on the first cycle with an average of 70,33 with learning outcomes classical completeness of 50% an increase in cycle II gained an average of 80,66 students learning outcomes with classical completeness amounted to 80,66%. This study was successful because all the specified criteria have been meet. This indicates that the application of cooperative learning model type group investigation can improve learning outcome electrical skills class IX B1 SMP Negeri 6 Singaraja the school year 2015/2016.

PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE GROUP INVESTIGATION SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN MENGAMATI PADA MATERI TEMA 3 BENDA DISEKITARKU SISWA KELAS III SDN 20 CAKRANEGARA

This Classroom Action Research (CAR) was conducted at SDN 20 Cakranegara with the aim of increasing the value of students' skills, especially in the theme material 3 Objects around me through the use of a cooperative learning approach Type Group Investigation (GI). The type of research used is Classroom Action Research which consists of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this study were 44 grade students of SDN 20 Cakranegara. PTK is carried out in two cycles. Cycle I consists of 3 meetings and cycle II consists of 2 meetings. The action in this study was to use a cooperative learning model type Group Investigation (GI). The value of student skills is obtained during the learning process in the form of performance appraisal at each meeting. Furthermore, the collected data were analyzed descriptively quantitatively. From the results of data analysis, it was found that the achievement of the skills of students in the first cycle was as follows; of 44 students as many as 34 students (77.27%) who obtained a value of ≥70 and as many as 10 people (20.73%) had not reached the value of ≥70. The average skill score of students in cycle I is 70.80. Cycle II of 44 students as many as 40 students (90.91%) who obtained a value of ≥70 and as many as 4 people (9.09%) had not reached the value of ≥70. The average skill score of the second cycle students is 86.70. The determined performance indicator is 85% of students obtain a skill score of ≥70 with the Good category. Thus it can be concluded that the cooperative learning model of the Group Investigation type can increase the value of the skills of third grade students of SDN 20 Cakranegara.

Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Group Investigation untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Siswa dalam Menyusun Teks

The implementation of this classroom action research aimed at finding out whether the Cooperative learning Group Investigation Type can improve students' ability in composing text. The subject of this study was the third grade students of SMP Negeri 2 Singaraja in the odd semester of 2017/2018 Academic Year. The data of this research were collected using learning achievement test while the analysis used was descriptive analysis. After all data were analyzed, it was found an improvement in learning outcomes. The average score of the students before the research was 74.80 with learning completeness 60.53.%. Then, in the first cycle, the average score was 76.69 with learning completeness 73.68%. The results of the second cycle also improved with the average score 77.61 and classical learning completeness 89.47%. It turned out that the results in cycle II had exceeded the criteria proposed according to the indicators of success of the study. Based on the data gained, the researcher concluded that the Cooperative Learning model Group Investigation Type can improve the ability of students composing the text.

Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Interaktif (Model Pembelajaran Berdasarkan Masalah dan Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Group Investigation ) terhadap Keterampilan Proses Sains pada Perkuliahan Ilmu Kealaman Dasar Mahasiswa PGSD UM Palangkaraya

Basic Science lecture with a value of t-test value of 4.714 is greater than t-table value of 2.010635 and Problem Based Learning Model can improve cognitive learning outcomes of students on all the indicators of the indicator 1 (formulating the problem) from 0.60 to 0.78, the indicator 2 (formulating hypotheses) of 0.78 into 0.86, indicator 3 (create tables of data) from 0.18 to 0 , 36, indicator 4 (make a line graph) of 0.54 and 0.20 into a 5 indicator (draw conclusions) from 0.60 to 0.80. In addition the Cooperative Learning Model Groupo investigation type can�t improve student learning outcomes in the cognitive processes of nature Basic Science lecture significantly due to the value of -1.53144 t-count is smaller than t-table value of 2.032244. But the use of cooperative learning model group investigation type can improve learning outcomes 3 indicators of cognitive process in which the indicators 2 (hypothesis formulation) which increased from 0.17 to 0.36, indicator 3 (table creation) which increased from 0.44 becomes 0.61 and indicator 4 (graphing) which increased from 0.72 to 0.80. When seen from the comparison of the two models used the results showed that there are differences in the cognitive processes of learning outcomes of students in the course of nature basic science lecture between learning model Problem Based Learning and Cooperative Learning with group investigation type t value of 3.967 rely more than t table that is equal to 2.019541.

Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Group Investigation Dapat Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa dalam Menghitung Luas Segi Banyak di Kelas VI SDN. No. 028/XI Tanjung Tahun 2016/2017

This study aims to improve the student’s learning outcomes in calculating the wide of many facets by applying cooperative learning model of group investigation type. The study involved 18 students of sixth class year 2016/2017 at SDN. No. 028/XI Tanjung, Hamparan Rawang Subdistrict, Sungai Penuh City, Jambi Province. This research is a Classroom Action Research that conducted in two cycles (Cycle I and Cycle II). Each cycle is done through two meetings with four activities namely planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The research data was collected through observation and test. The data were processed by using descriptive analysis and simple statistical test. Application of cooperative learning model of group investigation type brought about changes in student learning activities. All students follow the learning with enthusiasm, follow all the learning stages in accordance with the rules, and can work together in groups. Most students have also been able to communicate the results of group work in front of the class and also have dared to submit feedback on the presentation of the results of other group discussions. The implementation of cooperative learning model of group investigation type also improves the learning outcomes of sixth grade students in SDN. No. 028/XI Tanjung year 2016/2017. Student’s learning outcomes seen from the mean and percentage of students who were able to fulfil the minimum criteria. Thus, cooperative learning model type group investigation can be an alternative to improve student learning outcomes in mathematics subjects, especially in calculating the wide of many facets.

Development of Physics Teaching Instruments Belong to Cooperative Group Investigation Model to Improve Students’ Self-Efficacy and Learning Achievement

This study aims to produce physics teachinginstruments with cooperative learning model type group investigation to improve students self-efficacy and learning achievement. Development of teachinginstrumentsusing Kemp model. The experimental design uses a one-pretest-posttest design model with three time replications. Subjects in this study are teachinginstruments and students of class XI MIPA. This research was conducted at SMA Negeri 3 Singaraja-Bali in the academic year of 2017/2018. Data were collected using validation method, questionnaire, observation, questionnaire and test. Data analysis techniques used are qualitative descriptive analysis and parametric statistical analysis. The results showed that the developed teachingintruments were valid, practical, and effective.The validitywas indicated by the average scores in a good categoryforlesson plan, BAS, student worksheet, achievement test and self-efficacy questionnaire.The practicisibilitywas showed by: (a) a good implementation of the lesson plan, (b) student activity is in excellent category, (c) the readability of BAS and student worksheet are in moderate categories, and (d) the obstacles during the learning activities can be overcome.The effectiveness was indicated by: (a) students’ learning achievement has increased significantly; (b) students’ self-efficacy has increased significantly; and (c) students respond is positive to the learning instruments and learning activity. In conclusion, physics learning instruments with cooperative learning model type group investigation can be used to improve students’ self-efficacy and learning achievement.

PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS MATEMATIS MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL COOPERATIVE LEARNING TIPE GROUP INVESTIGATION (Studi Pada Siswa SMK Dr. Soetomo Surabaya)

This study aims to describe the application of the cooperative learning model of type group investigation (GI) in improving the ability of critical thinking mathematically. Research using qualitative approach to this type of classroom action research. The subject of research is the grade XI Accounting 1SMK Dr. Sutomo Surabaya totaled 41 students. Results of the study concluded that the application of the cooperative learning model of type group investigation (GI) proved to be able to improve the ability of critical thinking mathematically from very low to high category in two cycles. Based on the findings of the research are expected to mathematics teacher SMK Dr. Sutomo Surabaya make cooperative learning model type group investigation (GI) as an alternative to improve the ability of critical thinking mathematically students.

PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR BIOLOGI SISWA MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE GROUP INVESTIGATION (GI)

The results can be seen from the test results of student learning on Ecosystem materials are characterized by the level of student learning mastery. In cycle I with an average value of 78.10 and in cycle II with an average value of 84.48. From the average value ofcycleIandcycle II there is an average increase of 13.25. The percentage value in cycle I is 72,41% with enough qualification. And the percentage in cycle II equal to 86,20% with very good qualification. From the results of the test cycle I and cycle II has been an increase in percentage of 13.79%. Student learning activities increase by using the GI learning model. The value of activity percentage in cycle I is 69,4% with enough qualification. In the second cycle of 80.9% with very good qualifications. From the results of student learning activities in cycle I and in cycle II has been an increase in thepercentage of 11.5%. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that there is an increase in student biology learning outcomes through cooperative learning model type Group Investigation (GI) on Ecosystem material in class X MA. Muhammadiyah 06 Kotanopan as prescribed in the action hypothesis in Chapter II so that the hypothesis of this action is acceptable. Keywords:Learning Outcomes, Application of Cooperative Learning Model Type Group Investigation (GI), Ecosystem.

THE EFFECT OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODEL GROUP INVESTIGATION TOWARD LEARNING OUTCOMES PHYSICS VIEWED FROM LOGICAL THINKING ABILITY

The purpose of research to determine: the results of physics learning with cooperative learning model type group investigation and conventional learning, learning outcomes physics that has the ability to think logically above average and the ability to think logically below the average as well as the interaction model of cooperative learning type group investigation and the ability to think logically in influencing the outcomes of learning physics. This research is quasi experimental. Technique that used to gain a sample is random cluster sampling. The instrument used is the science process skills test and test critical thinking skills.The results showed that: the learning outcomes of physics with cooperative learning model type group investigation better than conventional learning, learning outcomes physics that has the ability to think logically above average better than students who have the ability to think logically is below average and there is no interaction among cooperative learning model type group investigation and logical thinking skills in influencing the outcomes of learning physics.

THE EFFECTS OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODEL GROUP INVESTIGATION TOWARD TEAMWORK ABILITY AND LEARNING OUTCOMES ON STUDENTS PHYSICS

This study aims: 1) to determine differences in science process skills of students with This study aims to determine: teamwork ability of students with cooperative learning model of type of group investigation and the ability to work with students with conventional learning, the effect of cooperative learning model of group investigation on learning outcomes of students in learning physics., correlation between the ability of teamwork and learning outcomes students. This research uses type of quasi-experimental with two group pretest-posttest design. The study population was standard X SMA.Negeri 1 Langsa.The sample of this research were the students of X.10 as experiment group and X.9 as control group that established by purpossive sampling. The instruments used consist of observation sheets of teamwork and essay test of learning outcomes. The data were analyzed using parametric t-test analysis. The results showed that: The teamwork ability of students who are taught by cooperative learning model type group investigation better than students taught by conventional teaching in physics learning, cooperative learning model of type of group investigation has effect on student learning outcomes. Learning outcomes of students taught by cooperative learning model of type of group investigation better than on learning outcomes for students who taught by conventional learning, and there is a correlation between the teamwork ability with student learning outcomes.

MENINGKATKAN KEAKTIFAN DAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA DENGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE GROUP INVESTIGATION

The purpose of this research was to determine the learning process by using cooperative learning model type Group Investigation (GI) can enhance the activity and outcomes of learning mathematics class VII MTs Riyadhus Sholihin Purwareja Klampok. The results of research showed that for the involvement of the student and the learning outcomes of learning mathematics using coopertive learning type Group Investigation (GI) increased. In the pre-cycle, active of student learning increased by 43.16% for the first cycle to 62.24%, then on the second cycle increased to 71.84%. and the average value of student learning outcomes also increased. the pre-cycle average value of 55.73 with percentage of completeness by 31.57%. and then Increase in the first cycle to 61.71 with percentage of completeness to 52.63%. Then increased again in the second cycle amounted to 73.42 with percentage of completeness to 76.31%.

PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR MAHASISWA PADA MATA KULIAH MANAJEMEN KELAS DENGAN PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE GROUP INVESTIGATION PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN GURU SEKOLAH DASAR UNIVERSITAS RIAU

Problem in this research was students achievement still low with average value 64,13. The purpose of this research was to improve the students’ achievement of in Management Class with the implementation of cooperative learning model type group investigation. This research was an classroom action research with two cycles in third semester 2014/2015. After implementation of cooperative learning model type group investigation, students’ achievement average on UH I with average 70,28 improved 9,6%. Students’ achievement on UH II was average 78,15 that improved 21,9%. Teacher’s activities with the implementation of cooperative learning model type group investigation in first meeting of first cycle was 62,5& (good category), and second meeting 78% (good category) in second meeting that improved 12,5 point. At second cycle, teacher’s activities in first meeting was 87,5% (verygood category) that improved 9,38 point from second meeting of first cycle. In second meeting was 93,8% (verygood category) which improved 6,3 point. Students’ activities in first meeting of first cycle was 65,6% (good category), and meeting second 75% (good category) in second meeting that improved 9,4 point. At second cycle, students’ activities in first meeting was 81% (very good category) that improved 6 point from second meeting of first cycle. Second meeting cycle second 90,6% (verygood category) in second meeting, which improved 9,6 point. Implementation of cooperative learning model type group investigation can improved students’ achievement in management class.Keywords: cooperatif group investigation, students achievement

Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Pada Pembelajaran IPS Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Group Investigation

This study aims to increase students' motivation in learning Social Sciences through the implementation of cooperative learning model Group Investigation. The method used in this research is the Classroom Action Research are implemented in the first cycle and the second cycle. Each cycle consists of five convened four meetings in the classroom one meeting outside of instructional hours. The type of action taken is learning social studies using cooperative learning model type Group Investigation. Results of research conducted showed an increase in student motivation in the first cycle the percentage reached 77% criterion of "High" and the second cycle the percentage reached 96% criterion of "Very High". Happened percentage increase of 19%. Thus cooperative learning model of Group Investigation proven to increase students' motivation in learning social studies class VIII H SMPN 01 Batu City. Keywords : Group Investigation, motivation http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um022v1i22016p123

THE EFFECT OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODEL GROUP INVESTIGATION (GI) TYPE TO CONCEPTUAL KNOWLEDGE STUDENT’S IN TOPIC OPTIC GEOMETRY GRADE X SMAN 1 PERBAUNGAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2014/2015

ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to analysis the Cooperative Learning Model to student’s learning outcomes by using cooperative learning model Group Investigation type to conceptual knowledge. In experimental class used cooperative learning model GI type while in the control class used conventional learning model. In each class used pre-test and post-test, after that was done the data analysis technique like average value, standard deviation, normality test, homogeneity test, hypothesis test. The results were showed the increasing of student learning outcomes that used model GI type in conceptual knowledge with post-test value was higher 78.37 in the class experiment than 69.68 in the control class, the active of students and then the conceptual knowledge when the model of GI type were happened. From the research get the conclusion that there was effect of Cooperative learning model Group Investigation type to conceptual knowledge students. Key word : Cooperative, Group Investigation, Conceptual Knowledge, Student’s Learning Outcome.