Psidium Guajava Leaf Extract Research Articles

EFFECT OF COMBINATION OF AQUEOUS LEAF EXTRACTS OF PSIDIUM GUAJAVA LINN AND MORINGA OLEIFERA LAM ON DIABETES MELLITUS

Objective: To determine the anti-diabetic activity of combined aqueous extracts (1:1mixture) of dry leaves of Psidium guajava linn and Moringa oleifera lam as well as to compare the anti-diabetic activity of these plants by in vitro methods.
 Methods: In vitro alpha amylase inhibitory assay was performed on porcine alpha amylase and the absorbance was measured at 540 nm using a microplate reader and glucose diffusion inhibitory assay using dialysis membrane. Acarbose was used as the standard in the above mentioned methods.
 Results: The mixture (1:1) of aqueous plant extracts (at a concentration of 100µg/ml) of Psidium guajava linn and Moringa oleifera lam exhibited 72.08333% inhibition with IC50 value of 10.9µg/ml. The leaf extracts of Psidium guajava (at a concentration 100µg/ml) exhibited 71.23288% of a α amylase inhibitory activity with an IC50 values 19.883µg/ml whereas the leaf extracts of Moringa oleifera (at a concentration of 100µg/ml) exhibited 70.58824% of α amylase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 27.974 µg/ml. The Acarbose (standard drug) at a concentration of 100µg/ml showed 72.09302% inhibitory effect on the α amylase activity with an IC50 value 8.9µg/ml. In glucose diffusion inhibition assay the mixture of plant extracts exhibited 76.57% inhibition at 150 min which produces more effects than the two plants. The aqueous extract of Psidium guajava leaves exhibited maximum glucose diffusion inhibition (75.32%) at 150 min as well as Moringa oleifera leaf extract showed the maximum inhibition of 73.70% at the same time interval. For acarbose the percentage was 82.74 at 150 min. The interpretation of the results was done by one-way anova method.
 Conclusion: The combined extract of the leaves of the 2 plants was found to be more effective than individual plant extracts against diabetes. On comparison of two plants Psidium guajava was found to be more active against diabetes than Moringa oleifera. Also the potentiation effect shown by the combination of extract may be due to synergistic effect of the phytochemical constituents. As the 1:1 mixture of the aqueous extract is found to be more active, the combination of the two plants can be used to formulate drugs for treating diabetes.

Green synthesis of Fe2O3-Ag nanocomposite using Psidium guajava leaf extract: An eco-friendly and recyclable adsorbent for remediation of Cr(VI) from aqueous media

An environmental friendly and cost effective method was used for the preparation of silver‑iron oxide (α-Fe2O3-Ag) nanocomposite using guava (Psidium guajava) leaf extract, which can be used as an adsorbent for decontamination of chromium (VI) ions from aqueous media. XRD analysis revealed that both Iron oxide and silver nanoparticles are crystalline in nature with face-centered cubic and rhombohedral geometry respectively. The FESEM micrographs of Fe2O3-Ag nanocomposite displayed irregular shaped particles with an average size of 50–90 nm. BET surface area analysis suggests that the prepared Fe2O3-Ag nanocomposites are mesoporous in nature with surface area of 122.72 m2/g. The adsorption of Cr(VI) was pH dependent and maximum adsorption occurred at pH = 4 with maximum adsorption capacity of 71.34 mg/g. Thermodynamic parameters reveals that the Cr(VI) adsorption on Fe2O3-Ag surface is endothermic and spontaneous in nature. The adsorbed Cr(VI) on Fe2O3-Ag surface was recovered and can be reused up to five cycles.

Sensitive voltammetric determination of Morin in Psidium guajava leaf extract at Nickel (II) phthalocyanine modified carbon paste electrode

Psidium guajava extract is sold as a dietary supplement for delaying the onset of various diseases. It has been reported to have exemplary antioxidant properties. Herein we report an electrochemical sensor for the detection of Morin (MR) for the first time in Psidium guajava leaf extract which has been reported to have MR. Nickel (II) phthalocyanine (NiPc) complex is used in the surface modification of the carbon paste electrode (CPE) by bulk modification method and characterized by spectroscopic techniques. Combining the favorable properties of NiPc and CPE assembles into a formidable sensor for facile quantification of biomolecules. We observed a significant electroactivity at the modified electrode with a notable twelvefold enhancement in anodic peak current at physiological pH. A wide linear dynamic range of 2.5 × 10−3 to 1.0 × 10−7 M, with a limit of quantification and limit of detection achieved, was 6.9 nM and 2.0 nM (S/N = 3) respectively. The proposed sensor could resolve the peaks of quercetin and morin effortlessly and simultaneously. The proposed biosensor is swift, simple to fabricate, with low limits of detection and remarkable antifouling properties. The sensor was used in the validation of spiked red wine, human urine, tea decoction and commercially available guava leaf capsules, with satisfactory recoveries.

Green synthesis and spectral characterization of silver nanoparticles from Psidium guajava leaf extract

Cost-effective, eco-friendly green synthesis of silver nanoparticles was prepared using Psidium guajava plant leaf extract. In this study the reducing potential of Psidium guajava leaf extract was investigated for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles without any external addition of reducing agents. The brown color formation was evident for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized by UV–Visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), particle size analyzer, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). UV–Vis spectroscopy explained that the main peak was formed at around 419 nm, which corresponds to surface plasmon resonance of silver nanoparticles. FTIR spectroscopy elucidated the involvement of various functional groups during the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The particle size analysis demonstrated the sizes of nanoparticles are 62 nm. The morphology of silver nanoparticles was analyzed using scanning electron microscope. Antibacterial assay of silver nanoparticles showed potent antibacterial properties.

Phytocomponents from Anacardium occidentale, Psidium guajava, and Terminalia catappa altered membrane osmotic stability of sickle erythrocytes

BackgroundThe present study identified, quantified, and characterized the combinations of phytocomponents from fractionated leaf extracts of Anacardium occidentale, Psidium guajava, and Terminalia catappa that stabilized sickle erythrocyte membrane against osmotic stress, or otherwise, using standard chromatographic-spectrophotometric techniques, namely GC-MS, FT-IR, and UV-visible systems.ResultsThe percentage hemolysis of the control sample, in 0.9 g/100 mL NaCl, was 35.08 ± 11.64%, whereas those of the samples containing 40 mg/100 mL, 60 mg/100 mL, and 80 mg/100 mL of ethylacetate extracts of T. catappa ranged between 31.82 ± 8.32 and 39.18 ± 6.94%. Ethylacetate extract of T. catappa contained comparative high quantities of hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, 9,11-octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester, (E, E)-, trans-13-octadecenoic acid methyl ester, and methyl stearate. FT-IR and UV-visible spectra showed that ethylacetate extract of T. catappa contained aromatic compounds as well as nitro-compounds, phenolics, and esters.ConclusionTo mention but a few, the combinations of major phytocomponents that stabilized sickle erythrocyte membrane against osmotic stress were hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, 11-octadecenoic acid, methyl ester, dibutyl phthalate, pentacosane, trans-13-octadecenoic acid, methyl ester, whereas the minor phytocomponents include methyl tetradecanoate, methoxyacetic acid, 3-pentadecyl ester, methyl stearate, hexadecanoic acid, isoxazole, 4,5-dimethyl-.

Williamson-Hall analysis of ZnO and Mg doped ZnO nanoparticles prepared via Psidium guajava leaf extract

ZnO and Mg doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by green method using Psidium guajava leaf extract. X-ray power diffraction studies confirmed that, synthesized nanoparticles were retained the wurtzite hexagonal structure. In addition, the crystallite development in nanostructured ZnO and Mg doped ZnO NPs by X-ray peak broadening analysis. The individual contributions of small crystallite sizes and lattice strain to the peak broadening in pure and Mg doped ZnO NPs were studied using Williamson-Hall (W-H) analysis.

IN VITRO EVALUATION OF ANTI INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC AND ETHANOLIC LEAF EXTRACT OF PSIDIUM GUAJAVA

The objective of the current research work was to determine the anti inflammatory activity of Psidium guajava by the Human Red Blood Cell membranes stabilization method. The methanol and ethanol leaf extract of plant Psidium guajava were investigated for their invitro anti-inflammatory property by Human red blood cell membrane stabilization method. The prevention of hypotonocity induced HRBC membrane lysis was taken as a measure of a anti-inflammatory activity. The anti inflammatory activity of methanol and ethanol leaf extract of psidium guajava were compared to that of standard drug Diclofenac.

Synergistic Effect of Leaf Extracts of Ficus hispida and Psidium guajava for Anti-Diabetic Activity on Wistar Rats

Ficus hispida (tropical fig tree) is a moderate sized tree which is commonly known as devil fig, traditionally used in the ailment of pain, inflammation, and neurological disorders. Psidium guajava (Guava/peru)is a wellknown tropical tree and also used as a folk herbal tea used to treat diabetes and leaves were used as astringent, anodyne, febrifuge, antispasmodic, tonic, in wounds, cholera, lactagouge, diarrhoea, vomiting and variety of diseases like diarrhoea, dysentery, hypertension, gastroenteritis, diabetes, cough, oral ulcers etc., The aim of the present study is set out to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity of ethanolic leaf extracts of ficus hispida and psidium guajava on streptozocin induced diabetized rats. The leaf extracts at a dose of 100mg/kg were screened for their blood glucose lowering effectamong streptozocin induced diabetized rats and the blood samples were collected through the tail vein from which blood glucose levels were determinedat 0h, 1h, 2h and 4hafter administration of test samples. Both the leaf extracts of Ficus hispida and Psidium guajava produced significant (p 0.01) decrease in the blood glucose levels. The ethanolic extract of leaves of Ficus hispida and Psidium guava produced synergistic effect when compared with standard by showing an effective response on diabetic rats. These plants supported the folk fore claim of anti-diabetic activity. Further investigations are needed for the proper identification and isolation of these bioactive compounds to produce safer drugs for treatment of harmful diseases.

Preparation and evaluation of herbal mouthwash containing Psidium guajava leaf extract

Mouthwash is a liquid accessory to clean and maintain the health of our teeth for oral hygiene. Several herbal mouthwash and herbal extracts have been tested in vitro and in vivo in search of suitable adjunct to mechanical therapy for long term use. In this study, we aimed to look at the antimicrobial effect of herbal mouthwash on selected microorganisms. The main purposes of using mouthwashes are it can be used at home as routine to maintain good oral hygiene, mouthwash provides anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial activity, it is used prior to and after oral surgery procedures such as tooth extraction as prophylaxis, the purpose of mouthwash after brushing is to clean. Natural herbs such as guava, neem and tulsi and many others are used as single or in combination have been scientifically proven to be safe and effective medicine against oral health problems such as bleeding gums, halitosis, mouth ulcers, and preventing tooth decay without side. The anti-inflammatory and anti-infectious properties of tulsi make it a powerful treatment for gum disease. Chewing of tulsi leaves helps clear ulcers and infections of the mouth. As in mouthwash, Psidium guajava extract is useful against bad breath and for maintaining healthy gums.

Bio-inspired iron oxide nanoparticles using Psidium guajava aqueous extract for antibacterial activity

Bio-inspired synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles (FeONPs) has been carried out by eco-friendly, low cost, and facile method using an aqueous extract of Psidium guajava (PG) leaf as a potential reducing agent. The obtained FeONPs were characterized using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV–visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and energy-dispersive spectroscopy techniques. The surface plasmon resonance peak of FeONPs was found to be 310 nm. The FTIR spectra analysis indicates the presence of various functional groups in PG extract that are responsible for the biosynthesis of FeONPs. The XRD confirmed that FeONPs were indexed into the cubic spinel lattice structure. The SEM and TEM analysis confirmed the spherical morphology of FeONPs with particle size ranging from 1 to 6 nm. The superparamagnetic nature of the formulated FeONPs was determined using VSM. The FeONPs formulated inhibit the growth of six human pathogenic strains with strong activity chiefly against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus at low concentration when compared to other standard antibacterial drugs. It is noteworthy that the formulated FeONPs are efficient as an antibacterial agent.

Anticancer activity of Psidium guajava leaf extracts on breast cancer cell line

Anticancer activity of Psidium guajava leaf extracts on breast cancer cell line

Screening of In-vitro anti-inflammatory and antifungal assay of Psidium guajava leaf extracts

Screening of In-vitro anti-inflammatory and antifungal assay of Psidium guajava leaf extracts

Anticancer effect of Psidium guajava (Guava) leaf extracts against colorectal cancer through inhibition of angiogenesis

Objective: To evaluate the anti-angiogenic and anticancer activities of Psidium guajava leaf extracts against angiogenesis-dependent colorectal cancer. Methods: Three extracts were produced using distilled water, ethanol, and n-hexane as solvents. The extracts were physically characterised through gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Their antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content assays. To assess their anti-angiogenic activity, cell viability and rat aortic ring assays were conducted, while cell migration, tube formation, colony formation, and VEGF ELISA assays were conducted to elucidate their effects on different aspects of angiogenesis. Molecular docking was used to assess the anti- angiogenic potential of some possible compounds in the extracts. Tumour spheroid assay was used to assess the extracts’ potential as a treatment for colorectal cancer. Results: The ethanol extract showed the best antioxidant activity. The distilled water and ethanol extracts exhibited more inhibitory activity against EA.hy926 cell viability and aortic ring microvessel growth. In addition, the ethanol extract performed significantly better than the distilled water extract against cell migration and colony formation, and VEGF expression of the cells was suppressed by the ethanol extract. Both the distilled water and ethanol extracts showed significant inhibitory effect on EA.hy926 tube formation and tumour spheroids consisting of EA.hy926 and HCT116 cells. The ethanol extract contained β-caryophyllene and β-elemene by phytochemical analysis and subsequent docking studies, which may contribute to its anti-angiogenic activity. Conclusions: The ethanol extract of Psidium guajava has potential in the treatment of colorectal cancer through the inhibition of angiogenesis.

EFFECT OF COMBINATION OF TWO PLANTS ON ANTI-OXIDANT ACTIVITY

Anti-oxidants are essential for maintaining optimum health and well being by acting against damage caused by free radicals. Regular consumption of vegetables and fruits with anti-oxidant activity can reduce the risk of many chronic diseases. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of Psidium guajava and Syzygium cumini leaves individually and as a combination of ethanolic leaf extracts of both in 1:1 ratio. The antioxidant activity of ethanolic leaf extracts of Syzygium cumini and Psidium guajava and its 1:1 combination were determined by different methods such as Superoxide free radical scavenging assay, Hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay and Hydroxyl radical scavenging assay.The 1:1 combination of ethanolic leaf extract of Syzygium cumini and Psidium guajava showed higher antioxidant activity than the individual extracts. Out of the two individual extracts, Syzyium cumini showed more activity than the Psidium guajava extract. A dose dependent increase in activity was found in all methods. The percentage inhibition of combined extract by hydroxyl radical scavenging assay and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay was 72.70 and 76.15 respectively. Superoxide free radical scavenging assay, showed inhibition of 63.5percentage.From the result it is concluded that leaves of both the plants possess anti-oxidant activity and Syzygium cumini exhibited more activity than Psidium guajava. But the combination of both is superior to individual extracts in exhibiting anti-oxidant activity. The results showed the possibility of synergistic or additive effect of combination of ethanolic extracts of Syzygium cumini and Psidium guajava leaves in the ratio 1:1.

Phytochemical Screening, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of the Essential Oils and Ethanol Extract of Psidium guajava Leaf

Objective: To investigate the Phytochemical screening, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil and ethanol extract of Psidium guajava.
 Methods: The leaf of Psidium guajavabelongs to the myrtle family (Myrtacease) which is used as herbal remedies for the cure of many ailments by natives in northern part of Nigeria, was collected in June, 2018 from the Professor’s Quarters of Modibbo Adama University of Technology (MAUTECH) Yola. The leaf was air dried, pulverized and extracted by simple overnight maceration technique and then analyzed. Fresh leaf of the aforementioned was extracted using modified steam distillation. The phytochemical screening of the ethanol extract was carried out using standard method.
 Results: The result revealed the present of Tannin, Flavanoid, Alkaloid, Volatile oil, Triterpene, Saponin, Glycoside while phenolic compound was absent in the ethanol extract of Psidium guajava. The result of the antioxidant activity of the essential oil was screened using DPPH method and the IC25 values of ascorbic acid (standard drug) was 57.92 µl/m and Psidium guajava of the essential oil was 46.55 µl/ml respectively. Antibacterial activity was carried out using dics diffusion method and the results showed reasonable zone of inhibition against tasted organisms, with Staphylococcus epidemidis being the most inhibited (23 mm) and Proteus vulgari being the least inhibited (2 mm) with the ethanol extract of Psidium guajava. In contrast, Staphylococcus aureus was the most inhibited (13 mm) and Salmonella typhi showed the least inhibition (9mm) in the essential oil of Psidium guajava.
 Conclusion: The result, thus support the use of the plants traditionally to treat chronic diarrhea, fever, diabetes, malaria and suggest its usage in the formulation of new antioxidant and antibacterial drugs.

GC-MS and FT-IR Analyses of Phytocomponents From petroleum ether Fraction of Leaf Extract of Psidium guajava

GC-MS and FT-IR Analyses of Phytocomponents From petroleum ether Fraction of Leaf Extract of Psidium guajava

Formulation of Antiseptic Ointments from Mangifera indica Kernel, Leaf and Psidium guajava Leaf Extracts

Formulation of Antiseptic Ointments from Mangifera indica Kernel, Leaf and Psidium guajava Leaf Extracts

Exploiting the Allelopathic Potential of Aqueous Leaf Extracts of Artemisia absinthium and Psidium guajava against Parthenium hysterophorus, a Widespread Weed in India.

Artemisia absinthium and Psidium guajava are powerful sources of secondary metabolites, some of them with potential allelopathic activity. Both the species grow together in India with a weed (Parthenium hysterophorus) that is becoming extremely invasive. The aim of the present research was to test the allelopathic effect of A. absinthium and P. guajava aqueous leaf extracts on seed germination, seedling growth (shoot and root length), as well as some biochemical parameters (enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes, and malondialdehyde by-products) of P. hysterophorus plants. Leaf extracts of both A. absinthium and P. guajava constrained the germination and seedling development (root and shoot length), affected pigment content (chlorophylls, carotenoids), stimulated the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and increased the level of malondialdehyde by-products of P. hysterophorus plants. Non-enzymatic antioxidants (glutathione and ascorbic acid) in P. hysterophorus leaves were, conversely, negatively affected by both leaf extracts tested in the present experiment. Although A. absinthium was more effective than P. guajava in impacting some biochemical parameters of P. hysterophorus leaves (including a higher EC50 for seed germination), P. guajava extract showed a higher EC50 in terms of root inhibition of P. hysterophorus seedlings. The present study provides the evidence that A. absinthium and P. guajava extract could be proficiently exploited as a botanical herbicide against P. hysterophorus.

DEXTRAN SULFATE STABILIZED SILVER NANOPARTICLE: NEXT GENERATION EFFICIENT THERAPY FOR CANCER

Objective: Synthesize silver nanoparticles using a green synthesis approach and encapsulate silver nanoparticles with a naturally occurring polymer, particularly of an-hydroglucose type, like dextran sulfate sodium salt and to study its anticancer activity.
 Methods: Green synthesis approach is been employed in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Psidium guajava leaf extract. The nanoparticles were then encapsulated with dextran sulfate biopolymer and the nanoparticles were subjected to different characterization techniques. The structure of the synthesized nanoparticles was analyzed using X-ray diffraction analysis, the presence of different functional groups was analyzed by FTIR studies. Size and morphology of the prepared nanoparticles were investigated using FESEM analysis. Anticancer activity of the synthesized nanoparticles was tested against the MCF-cell line.
 Results: The XRD analysis shows the crystalline nature of the synthesized nanoparticles. The stretching and vibrating modes of different functional groups were confirmed by FTIR result. The SEM image confirmed the presence of spherical shaped nanoparticles and the TEM image confirmed the average size of the particles to be around 24 nm. The Ag-DS NPs showed 91% cell inhibition for the concentration of 100 μg/ml, indicating the cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles against MCF-7 cell line.
 Conclusion: Dextran sulfate stabilized silver nanoparticles show potent anticancer activity against MCF-7 cell line.

Quercetin a major biomarker of Psidium guajava L. inhibits SepA protease activity of Shigella flexneri in treatment of infectious diarrhoea

The leaves of the plant Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae) has been traditionally used in treatment of various gastrointestinal disorders including diarrhoea and have also been reported for its potent antidiarrhoeal activity on various chemical induced diarrhoea models. The objective of our present study was to evaluate the potency of the leaf extract of the plant Psidium guajava (PGE) along with its major biomarker quercetin against Shigella flexneri-induced sub chronic model of infectious diarrhoea. PGE at 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o. and quercetin at 50 mg/kg, p.o. were administered to Shigella flexneri-induced diarrhoeal rats for five days and various behavioural parameters were evaluated on 1st, 3rd and 5th day of treatment. This was followed by assessment of stool water content, density of Shigella flexneri in stools and blood parameters examination. After treatment, colon and small intestine of rats was dissected and subjected to biochemical estimations, cytokine profiling, antioxidant evaluations, ion concentration determination, Na+/K+–ATPase activity and histopathology. Molecular docking studies on crystal structure of Secreted Extracellular Protein A (SepA) from Shigella flexneri with biomarker quercetin was also performed. PGE at 200 mg/kg followed by quercetin depicted maximum antidiarrhoeal potential, which was confirmed through diarrhoea score and % protection, while PGE at 400 mg/kg showed similar effect to PGE 200 mg/kg thus, the later may have ceiling effect. PGE and quercetin also significantly reduced the density of Shigella flexneri in stools, water content of stools and restored the alterations observed in blood parameters, antioxidant status and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) expression. These parameters contributed in normalization of electrolyte balance, reactivation of Na+/K+–ATPase activity and repairing of epithelial tissue damage, confirmed through histopathology. Docking simulation studies revealed the role of quercetin in inactivating the protease activity of SepA, a protein secreted by Shigella, which disrupts epithelial barrier integrity during infection and also manages its signal production. Thus, the overall results confirmed the role of quercetin as a major biomarker for the observed antidiarrhoeal potential of P. guajava against Shigella flexneri induced infectious diarrhoea.