Latest Information Research Articles

Bacterial Infections Associated with COVID-19 Infection in Thi-Qar Province, Iraq

Background: Bacteriological study of clinical samples obtain from patients hospitalized with COVID-19 acquired bacterial infections. The etiology and antimicrobial resistance of bacteria were reported and used for the latest information on the relationship between bacterial infections and COVID-19. Methods: Clinical samples from COVID-19 patients were collected and analyzed for the presence of bacterial infections. Bacterial species were identified using established microbiological and molecular techniques. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed on isolated bacteria. Results: Bacterial infections associated with COVID-19 were studied. 384(29.4%) of patients showing evidence of bacterial infections. A total of 231 patients, accounting for 60.2% of the sample, were identified as male, while 153 patients, representing 39.8% of the sample, were identified as female. A total of 226 isolates (58.8%) were identified as bacterial species, with 158(41.2%) classified as Gram-negative bacteria and the remaining 41.2% classified as Gram-positive bacteria. The proportion of bacterial isolates in the blood was higher than other sites. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed varying degrees of resistance.

RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM PEMESANAN TIKET PESAWAT BERBASIS WEB

Indonesia is the largest archipelagic country in the world which has very strategic geography. This can bring many opportunities in exploring natural riches and environmental services. For this reason, the existence of reliable and efficient transportation is very important. One means of transportation that is very popular and widely used by the public is airplanes. In this case, aircraft have made a significant contribution in supporting global connectivity, tourism and economic growth in various sectors. Even though airplane transportation has various advantages, there are still shortcomings in the airplane ticket purchasing process which still relies heavily on travel agents or direct purchases through the destination airline. This often causes problems, such as unstable ticket prices and concerns regarding the security of the ticket purchasing process. One innovation that can be a solution to the problem of purchasing plane tickets is the development of an application that provides a platform for purchasing plane tickets from various airlines. This application will combine various ticket options from various airlines on one platform. Apart from that, the application will also ensure the safety and security of passengers by providing the latest information about the availability of facilities on the plane and payment methods that are familiar to users. Thus, this application will provide convenience, comfort and security for prospective passengers in purchasing airline tickets of their choice.

Modern Web Design and Blog Design: Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality

The article is a reflection of research on web design and blog design in modern society. The work considers the relevance of learning the basics of designing a network information resource in the system of art education, analyzes the composition of its main functions and tasks. The study also highlights the main stages of designing a website, reveals their content and essence, forms an understanding of the aspects of brain activity in the perception of virtual and augmented reality, determines the neuropsychological factor of reality perception in the conditions of the information society. The phenomenon of web design is considered in the context of the cultural and professional activity of a professional specialist in the artistic design of the aesthetic appearance of the elements of the subject environment. According to researchers, web design has a significant impact on the level of aesthetic culture of various categories of the modern Internet audience, their visual thinking and worldview. An important factor in the formation of a new worldview is the intensive development of information and communication technologies, which cover all spheres of human activity. Accordingly, new needs arose in the formation of space for human life activities and human perception of the virtual world. Web design and blog design are new manifestations of the realization of personality in combination with information and communication technologies. Web design models space and projects a virtual world. Theoretical and methodological approaches are formed in the article based on the research of scientists in the field of art and the latest information technologies. Scientific, research and explanatory methods were used to achieve the goal. The purpose of the study is to determine the neuropsychological factor in the perception of virtual and augmented reality, in particular in Web design and blog design. The results of the study do not exhaust all possibilities, but they are sufficient for determining the most important priorities of human activity in the information space.

Veido-mentės-žasto raumenų distrofija: patogenezės, klinikinių simptomų ir gydymo apžvalga

Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy is the third most common muscular dystrophy characterised by weakness of the face, scapula, upper arm, and other muscles. It can also lead to problems with the eyes, hearing, breathing, heart, and central nervous system. The disease is divided into two types: the first type occurs in 95% of patients and the second type occurs in 5%. The phenotypic differences between the two types are not distinct, both resulting from dysregulation of DUX4 expression leading to skeletal muscle toxicity. The first type is characterised by a reduction in D4Z4 repeats, while the second type is characterised by mutations in genes encoding epigenetic regulators such as SMCHD1. In recent years, significant progress has been made in understanding the pathogenesis, clinical features, and progression of the disease, but there is still no specific treatment due to the obstacles in the development of gene therapy. However, supportive measures, including physiotherapy and orthotics, can help improve muscle function and mobility, slow the progression of the disease, and control other symptoms. The disease can present in many ways, from an asymptomatic form to a life dependent on a wheelchair, so it is important for doctors to keep up to date with the latest information so they can identify this genetic disorder faster and help the patient live a full life.

Updates in peripheral nerve surgery of the upper extremity: diagnosis and treatment options.

The loss of function resulting from peripheral nerve injuries confers a significant burden to the patient and society. The treatment of peripheral nerve injuries requires an accurate diagnosis and formulation of a functional reconstructive plan. Advances in peripheral nerve imaging complement electrodiagnostic studies, and provide us with detailed information regarding the status of nerve injury, repair, and regeneration in order to prognosticate recovery and determine the need for surgical intervention. When direct nerve repair is not possible, the methods for bridging a nerve gap are the nerve autograft, allograft and conduit. While current research supports the use of conduits and nerve allografts for shorter nerve gaps, the nerve autograft still remains the gold standard for bridging a nerve gap. When direct nerve repair or nerve grafting fails, or is anticipated to be insufficient, nerve transfers are an alternative for reconstruction. Knowledge of axonal counts, upper limb innervation patterns, location and clustering of upper limb peripheral nerves allows for the design of new nerve transfers. The options of nerve transfers for radial, ulnar and median nerve injuries are outlined, as well as their outcomes. Nerve transfers are an attractive option for restoring motor and sensory function while minimizing donor site morbidity. However, one must consider their limitations, and preserve donor sites for secondary tendon transfer options. This article presents the latest information regarding the imaging of peripheral nerves, methods to bridge a nerve gap, and nerve transfers to aid the peripheral nerve surgeon in choosing a reconstructive plan.

Quality evaluation of pregnancy-related mobile applications in South Korea: a descriptive study.

This study aimed to describe the characteristics of mobile applications (apps) related to pregnancy in South Korea and evaluate their quality. We conducted a systematic search for pregnancy-related apps available in Korea in two app stores as of April 29, 2022. The quality of apps was assessed using the Korean translation of the Mobile Application Rating Scale for objective quality with four subdomains (engagement, function, aesthetics, and information) and four items for subjective quality. In total, 163 apps were selected and reviewed. Both the objective and subjective quality of the apps were found to be desirable, with scores exceeding 3 out of 5 (range, 34-82). All subdomain scores in the objective quality assessment were also desirable. Among the four objective quality subdomains, aesthetics received the highest scores, followed by information, function, and engagement. In terms of subjective quality, the scores for a comprehensive overall evaluation, continuous use, and recommendation exceeded 3 out of 5, with the exception of payment. Only a small number of apps (n=4, 2.9%) were backed by a reliable authority, such as an expert review. Significant differences were observed in the objective quality of apps across different content categories (F=3.86, p=.003). Most pregnancy-related apps had desirable levels of objective and subjective quality. However, app content experts seldom provide reviews. It is crucial for nurses to recommend apps to expectant mothers that offer dependable content, regularly updated with the latest information.

Brain MRI Biomarkers in Isolated Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder: Where Are We? A Systematic Review.

The increasing number of MRI studies focused on prodromal Parkinson's Disease (PD) demonstrates a strong interest in identifying early biomarkers capable of monitoring neurodegeneration. In this systematic review, we present the latest information regarding the most promising MRI markers of neurodegeneration in relation to the most specific prodromal symptoms of PD, namely isolated rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (iRBD). We reviewed structural, diffusion, functional, iron-sensitive, neuro-melanin-sensitive MRI, and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies conducted between 2000 and 2023, which yielded a total of 77 relevant papers. Among these markers, iron and neuromelanin emerged as the most robust and promising indicators for early neurodegenerative processes in iRBD. Atrophy was observed in several regions, including the frontal and temporal cortices, limbic cortices, and basal ganglia, suggesting that neurodegenerative processes had been underway for some time. Diffusion and functional MRI produced heterogeneous yet intriguing results. Additionally, reduced glymphatic clearance function was reported. Technological advancements, such as the development of ultra-high field MRI, have enabled the exploration of minute anatomical structures and the detection of previously undetectable anomalies. The race to achieve early detection of neurodegeneration is well underway.

Роль пробиотиков в профилактике и лечении заболеваний

Пробиотики, включающие бактерии и дрожжи, представляют собой живые микроорганизмы, оказывающие благотворное влияние на здоровье человека. Некоторые из этих микроорганизмов составляют часть нормальной микробиоты кишечника человека, где они живут в симбиотических отношениях. В последнее время пробиотические микроорганизмы постоянно изучаются и их применение рассматривается в перспективных методах профилактики и лечения различных заболеваний. Клинические испытания и эксперименты in vitro, in vivo расширили текущее понимание важной роли, которую пробиотики играют при заболеваниях, связанных с микробиомом кишечника человека. Во многих исследованиях отмечается, что пробиотики участвуют в формировании кишечной микробиоты, что приводит к потенциальному контролю течения множества заболеваний кишечника и содействует общему оздоровлению. Убедительные доказательства в пользу использования пробиотиков при лечении таких заболеваний, связанных с микробиомом кишечника (ассоциированная диарея, хронические запоры, синдром раздраженного кишечника, колоректальный рак и различные расстройства функций желудочно-кишечного тракта) как антибиотик. Пробиотики также используются для лечения и профилактики заболеваний, не связанных с желудочно-кишечным трактом, таких как атопический дерматит, аллергия, сердечно-сосудистые заболевания, урогенитальные инфекции и раковые заболевания. Однако в этих случаях точные механизмы воздействия пробиотиков недостаточно изучены и требуют дальнейших исследований в этом направлении. Целью данной статьи является анализ современной литературы о применении пробиотиков в профилактике и лечении различных заболеваний.

The Perspective of Tax Center Digitalization in Strengthening Taxation Socialization: A Case Study at State Polytechnic of Madiun

Taxes play an important role as the government's principal revenue to support national development. Tax contributions from taxpayers are essential in funding these programs. However, tax collection faces challenges such as low public awareness, limited access to the latest tax information, low compliance rates, and the tax system's complexity. The Directorate General of Taxes of the Ministry of Finance has launched a Tax Center program on campuses, including at the State Polytechnic of Madiun. Despite being active, Tax Center PNM still uses a conventional approach. Improving service quality is a potential solution to digital transformation. Before implementing digital transformation, a preliminary study is an essential first step. This study discusses the views and perceptions of taxpayers regarding the implementation of digital transformation at Tax Center PNM. The study was conducted through three stages of interviews with ten resource persons: private employees, entrepreneurial students, and government employees. The analysis results show the importance of digital transformation in Tax Center PNM to improve services

Artistic and pedagogical design in professional training of future Musical Art teachers

The article describes the method of artistic and pedagogical design in the context of professional training of future music teachers. The relevance of the research is based on the importance of students mastering the latest artistic and pedagogical technologies in the process of studying at a higher education institution. The project method is defined as widespread and relevant in the context of pedagogical activity as one that develops the ability of future music teachers to carry out project activities of various types and subject areas, to carry out a critical analysis of various artistic material, to work on it independently, to navigate in the latest information and communication technologies. The purpose of the article is to reveal the essence and content of artistic and pedagogical design, to analyze its importance in the system of professional training of future music teachers; disclosure of the specifics of artistic and pedagogical design in the context of professional training of future music teachers. The article uses methods of theoretical research: analysis of scientific literature, generalization, systematization of practical experience. It has been established that creatively oriented design activity contributes to the formation of students of higher education, the ability to independently master scientific and methodological and artistic literature, aware and critical work with information, develops thinking, including project thinking, promotes personal and professional development, stimulates creative activity, develops emotional intelligence through interaction with works of musical art, etc. The principles of artistic and pedagogical design are substantiated.

DEVELOPMENT OF E-GOVERNMENT IN UKRAINE: CURRENT ISSUES OF IMPLEMENTATION

The scientific study highlights the theoretical foundations of the electronic docu- ment management system as an integral component of e-government in Ukraine. The relevance is substantiated, the legislative provision and regulation of this area are characterized, in particular, the basic features of e-government as a com- ponent of the system of relations between the state and business are determined. The normative and legal framework is formed by the laws of Ukraine, which establish the order of organization and activity of the state apparatus, and regu- late the general principles of state policy in the field of informatization in general and the administrative process in particular. The analysis of normative document resources such as: «Basic Principles of Development of the Information Society in Ukraine for 2007–2015», laws of Ukraine «About Information», «About Ac- cess to Public Information», «About Electronic Document and Electronic Doc- ument Management», «About Standardization» is highlighted etc. Taking into account the active implementation of the latest information technologies in the management activity, the law of Ukraine «On Electronic Documents and Elec- tronic Document Management» is important, which ensures the implementation of state policy in matters of document management and documentation manage- ment support. It is worth noting that this law represents a consistent theoretical basis for research during the introduction of electronic document management and regulates general issues in this area. The implementation of modern means of electronic government provides an opportunity to improve the quality of public services to citizens radically, and a new level of these services will be achieved through the system integration transformation and improvement of information systems at all levels. It was determined that information and communication tech- nologies open up new opportunities for improving the mechanisms of interaction with authorities, and the implementation of electronic governance in Ukraine is a powerful European integration factor that provides an effective impetus for the interaction of public authorities with citizens, public associations, and businesses by the requirements and standards of the European Union.

Clostridioides Difficile in Latin America: An Epidemiological Overview.

Clostridioides difficile infection is one of the most significant causes of nosocomial diarrhea associated with antibiotic use worldwide. In recent years, the incidence of Clostridioides difficile infection in Latin American countries has increased due to the emergence and spread of epidemic Clostridioides difficile strains, such as RT027/NAP1/ST1, RT078/ST11, and RT017/ST37; additionally, endemic multi-drug-resistant strains have recently appeared due to the lack of heterogeneous diagnostic algorithms and guidelines for antibiotic use in each country. The aim of this review is to present the latest information regarding Clostridioides difficile and emphasize the importance of epidemiological surveillance of this pathogen in Latin American countries.

Review on pharmacological effects of gastrodin.

Gastrodia elata Blume is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine that is mainly used to treat diseases related to the nervous system, such as stroke, epilepsy, and headache. Gastrodin is the main bioactive component of Gastrodia elata Blume, and studies have shown that it has extensive pharmacological activity. This narrative review aims to systematically review relevant studies on the pharmacological effects of gastrodin to provide researchers with the latest and most useful information. Studies have shown that gastrodin has prominent neuroprotective effects and can treat or improve epilepsy, Tourette syndrome, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, emotional disorders, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, cognitive impairment, and neuropathic pain. Gastrodin can also improve myocardial hypertrophy, hypertension, and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. In addition, gastrodin can mitigate liver, kidney, and bone tissue damage caused by oxidative stress and inflammation. In short, gastrodin is expected to treat many diseases, and it is worth investing more effort in research on this compound.

Electronic Cigarette Harms: Aggregate Evidence Shows Damage to Biological Systems.

Evidence of the harms of e-cigarettes has been unfolding slowly and has been documented in many reviews and reports worldwide. A narrative review of new evidence is presented since, as research has continued, newly aggregated evidence of the dangers of electronic cigarettes on the brain, heart, and lungs is vital to inform decisions on restricting the use of e-cigarettes. Several biomedical research databases were searched for electronic cigarette health effects, emphasizing reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. Over 50 review studies, primarily in 2022 and 2023, illustrate some of the latest information on e-cigarette harms. Results show studies of respiratory, neurological, and cardiovascular effects. Researchers call for expanding studies through new methods to elaborate on initial findings of multiple harms emerging in clinical investigations. Since the use of electronic cigarettes for adult cessation is not sanctioned in most countries, it is clear that health authorities see significant costs to the health of the general population if the promotion and use of electronic cigarettes occur worldwide. Regulatory action to control electronic cigarettes should consider the substantial evidence of electronic cigarette harm.

Verifiable and Searchable Symmetric Encryption Scheme Based on the Public Key Cryptosystem

With the rapid development of Internet of Things technology and cloud computing technology, all industries need to outsource massive data to third-party clouds for storage in order to reduce storage and computing costs. Verifiable and dynamic searchable symmetric encryption is a very important cloud security technology, which supports the dynamic update of private data and allows users to perform search operations on the cloud server and verify the legitimacy of the returned results. Therefore, how to realize the dynamic search of encrypted cloud data and the effective verification of the results returned by the cloud server is a key problem to be solved. To solve this problem, we propose a verifiable dynamic encryption scheme (v-PADSSE) based on the public key cryptosystem. In order to achieve efficient and correct data updating, the scheme designs verification information (VI) for each keyword and constructs a verification list (VL) to store it. When dynamic update operations are performed on the cloud data, it is easy to quickly update the security index through obtaining the latest verification information in the VL. The safety and performance evaluation of the v-PADSSE scheme proved that the scheme is safe and effective.

Instagram Social Media as A Means of Information on Tribal Activities, National Unity Agency and Politics of North Jakarta Administrative

Technological developments are increasingly facilitating communication, especially the dissemination of convenience to the public regarding the dissemination of information. Now everyone can receive the latest information or the latest news just by accessing the internet network, for example online media or commonly called social media. Convenience like this can help the government, especially in conveying the latest news or information regarding government policies. The development of information technology brings changes to society, one of which is the existence of social media. Social media is categorized into different groups with different purposes, ranging from young people, adults, business people and government agencies. Government agencies are beginning to recognize the vital role of social media. There are many government social media websites that offer a variety of content, including information about government agencies. Present quality information to attract attention. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explain how Instagram is managed as a communication tool in the North Jakarta Political Unity Authority tribal administrative district. The research methods used are descriptive and qualitative. Data collection techniques were performed through observations, interviews and documentation. Analyzing research material, presenting information, and drawing conclusions through data reduction. Findings indicate that Instagram is being used to disseminate information about Kesvanpol's activities. The phases of Instagram management include the recording or video phase, the content editing phase, and the publishing phase.

Impact of New Media Development on City Image

In this era, the city image is an essential symbol of a city. The rise of new media is a significant factor that affects the city image. The city image has changed dramatically with the development of new media. This study is proposed to study the strategies implemented by new media in affecting the city image and is expected to analyze the positive and negative effects of these new media strategies on the image of cities in three aspects: cultural, social, and economical aspects. This is achieved by reviewing, summarizing, and analyzing the literature on new media and the city image. The authors used data collection on new media development and city image, case comparison of different cities, case analysis of different cities, and literature finding to research. By studying the impact of new media development on city image, in order to achieve an understanding of the importance of new media on city image. The results show that new media cities can use the short video platform to analyze the latest information about the city's technology, the media industry, and the city's news and events. New media promotes the city image and gives it a positive and negative impact.

Undergraduate Students’ Perception of Using Extensive Reading Strategy in Vocabulary Mastery

Objective: Reading is one of the most essential skills in learning, especially in English learning. Technological sophistication that is developing rapidly in the 21st century requires students to be literate in order to be able to compete in critical thinking and receive the latest information. The program suitable for the conditions of students in this century is extensive reading, which offers reading for pleasure according to the level of students' abilities. Method: The type of approach used in this research is qualitative. Only fifteen undergraduate students have received an extensive reading course in the fifth semester to obtain optimal results. In collecting data using two instruments, namely questionnaires and interviews. Results: The results shown in this research are that most undergraduate students have positive perceptions after receiving extensive reading course program activities, one of which is the addition of vocabulary that affects their reading motivation. Novelty: The results of this research encourage future researchers to dig up information about the effectiveness of using extensive reading in increasing vocabulary acquisition.

REGARDING THE DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC POTENTIAL IN THE 21ST CENTURY:

Modern digital technologies contribute to the transformation of the social order and the integration of the latest information processing capabilities into everyday life. These trends are also characteristic of education and science as separate branches of the social whole. Therefore, the aim of the work is to analyze the technological challenges in the development of the educational and scientific potential of the XXI century. The methods of analysis and synthesis, comparativistic method, forecasting, modeling method were used in the study. The main empirical method was a survey in which 130 teachers and 100 scientific workers participated. It was found that the majority of teachers consider the use of digitalization achievements as inevitable and positive phenomena. Researchers are less optimistic - almost every third employee of the industry did not give a positive response to the impact of digitalization. It is determined that such a phenomenon is negatively perceived because of its ambiguous impact on academic virtue. Modern academics and educators equally understand the importance and significance of digital competence in today's globalized and informatized world. Among the problems, respondents named the technical equipment of educational and research institutions as relevant. Especially for scientists was the problem of insufficient funding. The conclusions noted the importance of conducting further research into the security of using digital tools in research and educational activities and defining a philosophical basis for the transformations, which will help to predict possible challenges in the future.

Allocation of synchronized phasor measurement units for power grid observability using advanced binary accelerated particle swarm optimization approach

Large-scale power grid observability is still a challenge because of deteriorating infrastructure and the incorporation of renewable energy sources. A smart grid that makes use of cutting-edge technology, such as a phasor measurement unit (PMU), is an excellent option for monitoring and bringing networks up to speed with the latest information. Latterly, the considerable investment required for the deployment locations has slowed down the adoption of PMU. Therefore, because PMUs are expensive, it is necessary to deploy them in the best possible places on large-scale power grids. The most significant share of optimal PMU placement problems (OPPP) is defined as 0–1 knapsack problems. Considering this, the development of an effective optimization technique that can handle difficulties has emerged as an appealing topic in recent years. In this paper, a meta-heuristic algorithm based on the binary particle swarm algorithm (BPSO), a binary accelerated particle swarm optimization (BAPSO), is offered for solving OPPP. Since earlier research has shown that BPSO is likely to stick to local optima, the majority of them evaluated their suggested technique using small-scale test systems. The technique that has been suggested searches for the optimal solution by employing two topologies—one global and one local—that are analogous to BPSO. This work determines the optimal PMU position for a large network in a reasonable amount of time by fine-tuning the acceleration factor. Additionally, in order to employ fewer PMUs, an integration strategy was put into place for the radial buses. The OPPP solutions are provided by the suggested method within a reasonable period with prior solutions published in reliable publications, according to computational findings.