Late 20s Research Articles

Adenomyosis as a Potential Risk Factor for Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: A Multicenter Case-Control Study.

As the number of women who postpone their first pregnancy until their late 30s or early 40s is increasing, adenomyosis is more frequently encountered by obstetricians. Some studies have reported on the relationship between adenomyosis and pregnancy complications. We aimed to investigate the effect of adenomyosis on pregnancy complications and outcomes and associations between adenomyosis type and pregnancy outcomes. This multicenter retrospective 1:4 case-control study included 61 women with singleton pregnancies diagnosed with adenomyosis. The control group included women with singleton pregnancies without adenomyosis; these women were matched to those with adenomyosis using propensity scores. The incidence of obstetric complications, delivery, and neonatal outcomes were compared. The adenomyosis group (n = 61) had significantly higher incidence of preterm delivery (21.3% vs. 9.4%), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (13.1% vs. 5.3%), cesarean delivery (46.0% vs. 20.9%), and postpartum hemorrhage (57.3% vs. 36.8%) than the control group (n = 244). Subgroup analysis by the adenomyosis type revealed that the diffuse adenomyosis group (n = 41) was significantly more likely to experience preterm labor (29.3% vs. 7.3%), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (17.0% vs. 5.5%), severe hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (12.2% vs. 1.8%), preterm premature rupture of membranes (12.2% vs. 2.4%), cesarean delivery (61.3% vs. 18.9%), and postpartum hemorrhage (70.7% vs. 44.5%) than the control group (n = 164). The focal adenomyosis (n = 20) group was not statistically different from the control group (n = 80) with respect to obstetric complications. Women with diffuse adenomyosis require more careful perinatal management than previously thought.

Założenia słownika etymologicznego polskich frazeologizmów

The members of the Team of Phraseology and Paremiology in the Institute of Linguistics at the University of Szczecin – Jolanta Ignatowicz-Skowrońska (leader), Ewa Kołodziejek, Barbara Komenda-Earle, Ewa Pajewska, Tomasz Szutkowski, Beata Afeltowicz, Mirosława Hordy, and Maria Kabata – have embarked on the project of a complete etymological dictionary of phraseological units used in the general Polish in the 20th and 21st century. The completeness of a dictionary relies on providing thoroughly documented etymological information on those phraseological units which require such information and which can be found in primary sources, irrespective of the origin of the phrasemes, be it either literary language or community or foreign provenance. The project is at a preliminary stage now. The dictionary is planned to be published in the late 20s.

Reasons for mass revolts against the forceful collectivization of farms in the East Kazakhstan region

The article examines the state policy in relation to the collectivization of the Kazakh ASSR in the late 20s and early 30s of the XX century and the reasons for the uprisings in the East Kazakhstan region. In the region of East Kazakhstan historiography of the Soviet period and the Soviet government on the reasons for the peasants‘ revolt against the collectivization policy envisaged in the post-Soviet period. The author’s research assesses the direction of research on the causes of the uprisings of the Soviet period, its reliability and influence on state policy. Currently, the directions and features of modern research are analyzed in detail, and the goals are clearly defined. After analyzing the works published after the 90s of the XX century, they were not published during the Soviet period, used new archival documents, expanded the field of research, and made conclusions of new quality. The study identified the political, social, economic, and cultural causes of the uprisings against mass forced collectivization in the late and early 30s of the twentieth century. The article analyzes the relationship of collectivization policy with uprisings in the modern East Kazakhstan region and in other regions.

Ползучесть и длительная прочность металлов при нестационарных сложных напряженных состояниях (обзор)

Данная статья представляет собой аналитический обзор экспериментальных и теоретических исследований ползучести и длительной прочности металлов при нестационарных сложных напряженных состояниях, опубликованных за последние 60 лет. Первые систематические исследования ползучести металлов при сложном напряженном состоянии были опубликованы в конце 50-х и начале 60-х годов ХХ века в Советском Союзе (Л. М. Качанов и Ю. Н. Работнов) и Великобритании (A. E. Johnson). Пионерские работы по длительной прочности впервые появились в СССР (Л. М. Качанов и Ю. Н. Работнов). Впоследствии Ю. Н. Работнов разработал кинетическую теорию ползучести и длительной прочности, с помощью которой можно эффективно описывать различные особенности процесса ползучести металлов вплоть до разрушения при различных программах нагружения. В разных вариантах кинетической теории используются либо скалярный параметр поврежденности, либо векторный параметр, либо тензорный параметр, либо их комбинация. Вслед за работами М. Качанова и Ю. Н. Работнова механика континуального разрушения стала развиваться в Европе, в Азии и затем в США. В качестве основной связи компонент тензоров напряжений и деформаций ползучести принимается гипотеза пропорциональности девиаторов напряжений и девиаторов скоростей деформаций ползучести. При моделировании экспериментальных данных коэффициент пропорциональности в этой зависимости принимает разные формы. Основная проблема в развитии данного направления состоит в трудностях получения экспериментальных данных при произвольных программах нагружения. В данном обзоре приведены основные результаты исследований, проводимых учеными разных стран. Кроме Ю. Н. Работнова и Л. М. Качанова, существенный вклад в развитие рассматриваемого направления науки внесли также российские ученые Н. Н. Малинин, А. А. Ильюшин, В. С. Наместников, С. А. Шестериков, А. М. Локощенко, О. В. Соснин, Ю. П. Самарин, А. Ф. Никитенко и др.

Allergy to “Natural” Fragrance

A woman in her late 50s was seen at a dermatology practice for consultation and patch testing. She reported that a rash had been present for more than 2 years. It had initially started on her face and then had spread to involve her neck and sometimes her arms.

Формирование особой трудовой деятельности персонала УИС по психологическому сопровождению осуждённых женщин, имеющих детей, в условиях заключения, в постреволюционный период в России и настоящее время

The article outlines that in the pre-revolutionary period positive experience of labor activitywas accumulated for staff in the area of religious and moral support of convicted women with children in custody by distributing and reading books of moral and religious content, via interviews with ministers of church, teaching women and their children to read, write, craft, by establishing orphanages, both at prisons and outside of them. In the post-revolutionary period in Russia until the 60s of the 20th century, the main focus was kept on solving sanitary-hygienic and material-ware support issues during the detention of convicted women with children. The late 50s and early 60s of the XX century’s a historical period when on the one handimprisonment conditions of punishment for convicted women with children were improved, and on the other hand – formation of a special labor activity of the personnel of penitentiary system and development of approaches to psychological and pedagogical support this category of convicts began. In modern conditions of penitentiary system research by V. S. Mukhina can be considered as the program document on the organization and carrying out as a special labor activity by the personnel of psychological support of the condemned women with children held in children’s homes at correctional institutions. It contributed to the fact that since 2002, the Department of psychological services of the Central Directorate of Corrections ofthe Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation began to develop a «Program of rehabilitation of mothers and children in prison».

Use of Trazodone for Insomnia May Increase Suicide Risk in Veterans

Use of Trazodone for Insomnia May Increase Suicide Risk in Veterans

Sex differences in health and mortality by income and income changes

BackgroundThe adverse association between income, health and survival is well documented, but little is known about how income trajectories influence health and survival for men and women. We aim to...

Young people feel wise and older people feel energetic: comparing age stereotypes and self-evaluations across adulthood.

We use questionnaire data from the MIDUS study (N = 6325 and a subsample n = 2120) to examine the extent to which people in their late 20s, late 40s and late 60s think that positive characteristics apply to themselves, their age peers and other age groups. Results based on factor analysis confirmed the existence of age stereotypes, such that one constellation of characteristics (wise, caring, calm, knowledgeable, generative; "wise") was seen as more descriptive of older adults, while another constellation of characteristics (energetic, healthy, willing to learn; "energetic") was seen as more descriptive of younger adults. Self-evaluations were, however, highly positive and largely independent of age. As a group, younger adults saw themselves as being as "energetic" but "wiser" than their age peers, while older adults saw themselves as being more "energetic" but less "wise" than their age peers. In sum, the results suggest that self-views are relatively independent of existing age stereotypes but also indicate that the "better-than-average effect" depends on age and whether the considered characteristics represent a relative strength or weakness of one's own age group. The results also indicate that, at the aggregate level, older adults' tendency to use stereotypes about their age group's weaknesses as a frame of reference for making flattering self-evaluations seems to outweigh the effects of stereotype internalization.

VOLUNTEER ACTIVITY CHANGES AFTER MIDDLE YEARS OLD AND THE INFLUENCES OF VOLUNTEERING ON WELL-BEING

The objectives of this paper are to examine volunteer activity changes over the life courses and the long-term influences of volunteer activity on the well-being. The paper analyzes the KLoSA data from wave 1 to wave 5, and selects 10,254 persons over 45 years old as study samples in the base year. For the statistical analysis, the two-way connected line plot and transition probability analysis techniques are employed and the GEE method is used for the multivariate regression estimation of the coefficients. The results show that the volunteer activities increase highest in one’s late 40s and decrease abruptly from the age, and slow down 50s to one’s late 70s, showing a repeating rise and fall pattern. Entering one’s 80s, the volunteer activities come to be stable relatively than the previous years. And, the probability of continuing the volunteer status after 2 years is about 31.2 percent and the probability of stopping volunteer activity comes to be around 68.9 percent. As a last, the regression analysis results show that there is a positive relationship between volunteerism and well-being variables. Expecially the interaction term is statistically significant, showing a negative sign of the coefficient. This implies that the volunteerism contributes to increasing the well-being but decreasing by engaging excessively. The results support the previous study outcomes that excessive volunteer activities are not good for the health.

YOUNG PEOPLE FEEL WISE, OLD PEOPLE FEEL ENERGETIC: COMPARING AGE STEREOTYPES AND SELF-EVALUATIONS ACROSS ADULTHOOD

Using questionnaire data from the MIDUS study (N=6.325) we examined the extent to which people in their late 20s, 40s, and 60s think that positive stereotypic “old” and “young” characteristics describe themselves, their age peers, and other age groups. A constellation of “old” characteristics (e.g., wise, caring, calm) was seen as more descriptive of older adults, while a constellation of “young” characteristics (e.g., healthy, energetic) was seen as more descriptive of younger adults. Self-evaluations were highly positive and largely consistent across age groups. Compared to their age peers, younger adults saw themselves as having as many positive “young” characteristics but more positive “old” characteristics whereas older adults saw themselves as having more positive “young” characteristics but fewer positive “old” characteristics. The results support the stability of the aging self despite the existence of age stereotypes and the role of negative age stereotypes as a frame of reference for making self-evaluations.

The Listener: Love of Money and How It Affects Someone’s Life Especially in Decision Making and Personality

My screenplay The Listener is the story of Mike, a guy in his late 20s who loves money and thinks that money can buy happiness. My work’s main idea revolves around loves of money and how it can lead into a bad decision. I used the theory Base of Materialism Theory from Belk and Measurement of Materialism and Money Attitude from Rimple, Srikant, Naseem, and Kumar to construct the personalities of the main character. The purpose of this creative thesis is to increase the awareness that money cannot buy happiness. I used crime as the genre and Heist Flicks as the subgenre because I see a lot of similarities and genre convention with my screenplay’s subject matter of loves of money and money cannot buy someone’s happiness. The story mostly tells about how Mike faces the hardship in making decisions due to his loves of money. Later, he focuses on his prestige by having lots of money. At the end, he realizes that friendship is more important than money. Keywords: The Listener, Love of Money, Prestige, Materialism, Heist Flicks

Homelessness and the Practice of Emergency Medicine: Challenges, Gaps in Care, and Moral Obligations

During my research fellowship at Bellevue and New York University, I piloted a program to address the needs of frequent health system users. I found a surprising share of them were either homeless or unstably housed, in deplorable living situations incompatible with their disease states.1,2 I met these individuals frequently in the ED, yet recognized I was not using these repeated interactions to address the issues that led to their health system use. I recall one man in his late 20s who was brought into the ED more days than he was not.

Assessment of aqueous cleaning of acrylic paints using innovative cryogels

Waterborne acrylic paints have been widely used by artists since their development in the late 50s. Their cleaning, i.e., the removal of mainly airborne dust and grime, is a challenging operation, because acrylics are very sensitive to solvents in a wide range of polarity. Even if aliphatic and low-molecular weight aromatic hydrocarbons are less prone to interact with the hydrophilic components of the acrylic paint layer, the use of water is necessary since it grants better cleaning performances. In this paper, three acrylic commercial paints from Liquitex® (USA) were selected and characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT–IR) and pyrolysis – gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (Py-GC–MS). The removal of artificial soil from these paint films was carried out using novel highly retentive PVA-based cryogels that have been recently developed to avoid the uncontrolled wetting of water-sensitive artistic surfaces. Their cleaning efficiency was evaluated using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Finally, an ATR-FTIR and 2D FTIR Imaging study about the residues left by the gels was carried out by comparing the cryogel with a Velvesil Plus® emulsion, a gel-like silicone polyether copolymer used in the recent past to create a stable water-in-oil emulsion, and still available on the market to conservators. In conclusion, the cryogel granted a safe and satisfactory cleaning action and a residue-free soil removal from acrylic paint films, overcoming the drawbacks of traditional cleaning methods.

Clinical and molecular genetic features of cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis in Taiwan: Report of a novel CYP27A1 mutation and literature review

Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) is an autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder associated with mutations in the CYP27A1 gene, and the genetic features of CTX in Taiwanese have not been examined before. We report a new CTX family with a novel mutation in the CYP27A1 gene and analyze the clinical and molecular genetic features of CTX in Taiwan. The clinical and molecular genetic features of the two siblings from the new CTX family and the other 7 reported Taiwanese CTX patients were included for analysis. The clinical features of the enrolled CTX patients were recorded using the indicators that make up the suspicion index (SI). The age at CTX diagnosis of the two siblings in the new CTX family were in late 30s, and predominantly psychiatric features. Both siblings had compound heterozygous splicing mutations in the CYP27A1 gene, including one mutation in exon 2 (c.435G>T, cryptic splice site) and one mutation in intron 7 (c.1264A>G, canonical splice site). None of the CTX patients in Taiwan were diagnosed during childhood or adolescence, and the most common clinical features of the 9 Taiwanese CTX patients were tendinous xanthomas, followed by ataxia and/or spastic paraparesis, dentate nuclei signal alternation at magnetic resonance imaging, intellectual disability and/or psychiatric disturbance, and polyneuropathy. Mutations in the CYP27A1 gene in the Taiwanese population were most commonly observed in exon 2, followed by exon 8 and intron 7. Except for one CTX patient who had an SI score of 100, the SI scores ranged from 300 to 400 before the study of the CYP27A1 gene and diagnosis. We reported two Taiwanese CTX siblings who had compound heterozygous mutations in CYP27A1. Exons 2 and 8 and intron 7 are the hotspots for Taiwanese CTX mutations. The diagnosis of CTX in Taiwan is usually delayed and is probably under-recognized based on statistical estimations. Early identification and genetic diagnosis may be helpful to CTX patients because early treatment can reduce the accumulation of cholestanol and slow disease progression.

Consideration for thrombolysis for significant pulmonary embolism in haemodynamically stable patients—is it time for a rethink?

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a common diagnosis made in the emergency department with 60–70 cases per 100,000. The clinician needs to have up to-date knowledge and potential treatment strategies for management of this common condition. Thrombolysis for PE is one of the options that can be considered in the Emergency Department. The British Thoracic Society (BTS) has formed a set of recommendations for consideration of thrombolysis. We will discuss two clinical cases of differing severity and discuss the rationale behind the treatment strategies. Firstly, we present a lady in her late 40s with acute shortness of breath with pleuritic chest pain. She was brought in by ambulance and the resuscitation suite was pre-alerted that she was due to arrive. She had been recently treated for a lower limb deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and had presented to a local hospital 2/7 previously with some associated pleuritic chest pain. She was noted to be profoundly compromised from a cardiovascular perspective. She was treated with a systemic thrombolytic agent and she was subsequently discharged soon afterwards. The second case we present is that of a 50-year-old previously fit and well gentleman who presented with acute shortness of breath on minimal exertion for the previous 3 days. There was no background history of airway diseases with no smoking. He was noted to be marked hypoxic requiring 5 litres of oxygen to maintain an oxygen saturation of 95%. His blood pressure was noted to be stable throughout his time in the department. There was imaging and electrocardiographic evidence of right ventricular strain. It was also noted to be a marked rise in cardiac enzymes indicating cardiac involvement, based on the findings he subsequently underwent treatment with a systemic thrombolytic agent and made subsequently satisfactory recovery. The presence of raised troponin in the presence of an acute PE classifies as a massive PE. Systemic thrombolysis is the first line treatment for massive PE and should be started on clinical grounds alone if cardiac arrest in imminent with alteplase being the drug of choice. The decision to perform systemic thrombolysis in the haemodynamically stable patient is multifactorial and should be assessed in a case by case manner as highlighted by this article.

PROGRESSION OF PULMONARY ALVEOLAR MICROLITHIASIS TO PULMONARY HYPERTENSION AND COR PULMONALE

SESSION TITLE: Wednesday Fellows Case Report Posters SESSION TYPE: Fellow Case Report Posters PRESENTED ON: 10/23/2019 09:45 AM - 10:45 AM INTRODUCTION: Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM) is a rare disease with less than 600 cases described in the literature. It is characterized by accumulation of calcium phosphate in the alveolar space. (1) Radiographic features are pathognomonic but clinical manifestations are non-specific. We present a case of PAM with progressive deterioration over 20 years leading to pulmonary hypertension (pHTN) and cor pulmonale. CASE PRESENTATION: A Caucasian female presented in her late 20s with pleurisy and based on imaging was diagnosed with sarcoidosis. She was relatively asymptomatic and went without treatment until her 40’s when she developed worsening dyspnea on exertion. PFTs showed mild restrictive lung disease (TLC 3.86L, 78% predicted) with a DLCO of 44%. CT Chest showed diffuse micronodular calcifications, consistent with PAM, not sarcoidosis. Her symptoms progressed over the next 10 years as lung function worsened, showing progressive restriction (TLC 2.97L, 57% predicted) with a DLCO of 4%. Her serial TTEs showed gradual development of right ventricular enlargement, right ventricular hypokinesis, and interventricular septum flattening. Patient underwent right heart catheterization, showing right atrial pressure 10 mmHg, pulmonary artery pressure 66/28 with mPAP 43 mmHg, LVEDP 13 mmHg and cardiac index 3.12 L/m/m2. A trial of tadalafil was attempted without improvement in symptoms and was discontinued. At age 68, the patient presented with acute on chronic hypoxemic respiratory failure with RV failure. CT Chest done demonstrated diffuse calcifications of the lung parenchyma, right ventricular septal bowing, and reflux of contrast into the hepatic veins. Despite aggressive diuresis and supportive care, the patient died from cardiopulmonary failure. DISCUSSION: This case illustrates the progression of PAM with clinical symptoms and radiographic features correlating with decline of pulmonary function, particularly restriction and diffusion capacity. Etiology of PAM remains unclear but has been linked to genetic mutations in SLC34A2 (1). Radiographic characteristics of fine sand-like micronodular calcifications, known as sandstorm, is pathognomonic. We captured the structural effect and strain on the right heart with development of pHTN, likely secondary to chronic hypoxia. Additionally, microliths can irritate alveolar walls, leading to destruction of alveolar capillaries and cause of pHTN. (2) PAM associated pHTN is rarely described as PAM is a rare entity and patients often die from respiratory failure prior to development of pHTN. Treatment is limited to case reports and is not defined (3). CONCLUSIONS: PAM associated with pHTN is infrequently described. Currently, there is still no effective treatment for PAM aside from lung transplant. The treatment of PAM associated pHTN is even more unclear and use of PAH-targeted therapy requires further studies. Reference #1: Lina M. Jönsson Å, Simonsen U, Hilberg O, Bendstrup E. Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis: two case reports and review of the literature. European Respiratory Review. 2012;21(125):249. Reference #2: Ferreira Francisco FA, Pereira e Silva JL, Hochhegger B, Zanetti G, Marchiori E. Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis. State-of-the-art review. Respiratory Medicine. 2013;107(1):1-9. Reference #3: Synetos A, Dilaveris P, Gialafos E, Giannopoulos G, Stefanadis C. Severe pulmonary hypertension due to pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis. International Journal of Cardiology. 2006;106(3):396-7. DISCLOSURES: No relevant relationships by Alexandra Haw, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Ronak Shah, source=Web Response Speaker/Speaker's Bureau relationship with Bayer Please note: $5001 - $20000 Added 03/13/2019 by Paul Strachan, source=Web Response, value=Honoraria Speaker/Speaker's Bureau relationship with United Therapeutics Please note: $5001 - $20000 Added 03/13/2019 by Paul Strachan, source=Web Response, value=Honoraria Speaker/Speaker's Bureau relationship with Gilead Please note: $1001 - $5000 Added 03/13/2019 by Paul Strachan, source=Web Response, value=Honoraria Speaker/Speaker's Bureau relationship with Genentech Please note: $5001 - $20000 Added 03/13/2019 by Paul Strachan, source=Web Response, value=Honoraria Speaker/Speaker's Bureau relationship with Boehringer Ingelhein Please note: $5001 - $20000 Added 03/13/2019 by Paul Strachan, source=Web Response, value=Honoraria Stock Ownership relationship with Pfizer Please note: $5001 - $20000 Added 03/13/2019 by Paul Strachan, source=Web Response, value=nothing, I purchased stock Speaker/Speaker's Bureau relationship with Portola Please note: $1001 - $5000 Added 03/13/2019 by Paul Strachan, source=Web Response, value=Honoraria Stock Ownership relationship with Portola Please note: $5001 - $20000 Added 03/13/2019 by Paul Strachan, source=Web Response, value=nothing, I purchased stock Stock Ownership relationship with La Jolla Pharmaceuticals Please note: $1001 - $5000 Added 03/13/2019 by Paul Strachan, source=Web Response, value=nothing, I purchased stock Stock Ownership relationship with Seatle Genetics Please note: $5001 - $20000 Added 03/13/2019 by Paul Strachan, source=Web Response, value=nothing, I purchased stock PI relationship with United Therapeutics Please note: $5001 - $20000 Added 03/13/2019 by Paul Strachan, source=Web Response, value=Grant/Research Support PI relationship with Actelion Please note: $5001 - $20000 Added 03/13/2019 by Paul Strachan, source=Web Response, value=Grant/Research Support

Improvement in Recurrent Dysphonia Associated with the Regular Use of a Robot Vacuum: A Case Study

ABSTRACT This case study describes the experience of a woman in her late 40s with chronic recurrent episodes of dysphonia. The patient reported that the purchase and use of a robot vacuum resulted in a significant decrease in the levels of dust in her home, particularly in locations she found difficult to clean thoroughly with a conventional vacuum (e.g., under the bed). She observed a concomitant decrease in a previously established pattern of work-related dysphonia, reporting fewer days of atypical voice quality and no episodes of aphonia across a one-year period. For patients whose dysphonia is exacerbated by environmental allergens, use of a robot vacuum is an automated, relatively inexpensive strategy to consider as a possible adjunct to more conventional approaches.

Body Mass Index, Stress, and Dietary Habits of Women in their early 20s and late 20s

ëª©ì  20대 여성들은 í•™ì— ê³¼ 일, 다이어트 등의 ì´ìœ ë¡œ 식습관이 불규칙해 ì˜ì–‘ë¶ˆê· í˜•ì¸ 경우가 많다. 이에 본 연구는 20대 ì „ë°˜ 여성과 20대 후반 여성의 체질량 지수, ìŠ¤íŠ¸ë ˆìŠ¤ 원인, 식생활습관을 조사하여 ê· í˜• 있는 식생활을 ì§€ì†ì ìœ¼ë¡œ ì‹¤ì²œí• ìˆ˜ 있는 식생활교육의 필요성과 중요성을 ì œì‹œí•˜ê³ ìž 하였다. 방법 서울과 경기지역에 거주하는 20대 ì „ë°˜ 여성 160ëª , 20대 후반 여성 167ëª , 총 327ëª ì„ 대상으로 일반사항, 생활습관, ìŠ¤íŠ¸ë ˆìŠ¤ 원인과 강도, 영양지식에 대한 인지와 실천여부, 식생활과 식생활 습관에 대한 내용으로 설문조사를 하였다. 연구대상자의 특성은 빈도분석을 통하여 살펴보았으며 20대 ì „ë°˜ê³¼ 후반의 각각의 요인별 차이를 보기 위해 t-test를 하였다. 요인들의 조사도구로서의 타당성 확인은 요인분석을 하였다. ê²°ê³¼ 체질량 지수는 20대 ì „ë°˜ 여성은 19 kg/m2으로 ì •ìƒì²´ì¤‘ 범위였으며, 20대 후반 여성은 23 kg/m2으로 과체중을 나타내었다. 20대 ì „ë°˜ê³¼ 20대 후반간의 수면시간과 걷는 시간은 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 20대 ì „ë°˜ 여성은 í•™ì— ì— 의한 ìŠ¤íŠ¸ë ˆìŠ¤ë¥¼ 가장 많이 ë°›ê³ ìžˆì—ˆìœ¼ë©°, 20대 후반 여성은 대인관계에서 가장 ìŠ¤íŠ¸ë ˆìŠ¤ë¥¼ 많이 받는 것으로 나타났다. 20대 ì „â€¢í›„ë°˜ 여성 모두 다이어트 경험이 있으며 다이어트 방법으로는 20대 ì „ë°˜ì—¬ì„±ì€ 식사요법, 20대 후반여성은 운동요법이었다. 20대 ì „â€¢í›„ë°˜ 여성 모두 영양지식에 관심을 ê°–ê³ ìžˆìœ¼ë‚˜ 실생활에서 실천하지는 않는 것으로 나타났다. 식생활 습관에서 20대 ì „ë°˜ 여성은 20대 후반 여성보다 아침 결식이 ì ì—ˆë‹¤. 육류, ìƒì„ , 두부 및 콩 ì œí’ˆ, ìœ ì œí’ˆ, 해조류 섭취와 항산화영양소가 많은 채소류, 과일류 섭취는 20대 ì „ë°˜ 여성이 20대 후반 여성보다 ìœ ì˜ì ìœ¼ë¡œ 높게 나타났다. 견과류 섭취는 20대 ì „ë°˜ì—¬ì„±ì´ 20대 후반 여성보다 낮게 나타났다. ê²°ë¡ ì¦‰, 본 연구결과는 과일과 채소류 같은 항산화식품 등 ê°ì¢ ì‹í’ˆì„ ê³¨ê³ ë£¨ 섭취하는 식생활 습관이 중요하며, ì§€ì†ì ìœ¼ë¡œ ì‹¤ì²œí• ìˆ˜ 있는 바람직한 식생활교육의 필요성을 ì œì‹œí•˜ëŠ” 것으로 사료된다. 핵심용어: 체질량지수, ìŠ¤íŠ¸ë ˆìŠ¤, 식생활습관, 항산화영양소, 식생활교육

Work Value Transmission From Parents to Children: Early Socialization and Delayed Activation

This study examines the transmission of work values from parents to children between mid-adolescence and early midlife. The authors propose that work-related values are transmitted from parents to children in two sequential and complementary processes stretched across adolescence and early adulthood. The first process of work value exposure and reception in the family context is captured by the socialization model. The second process is one of delayed value activation, long after initial socialization, when the young adult offspring engages with the demands and vicissitudes of their own emerging careers. The authors find evidence for family socialization in adolescence and also support for the delayed activation model during adulthood. Although parental values were measured more than two decades earlier, the authors find the strongest associations of parent and child values when the offspring were in their late 30s. In addition, parent–child value similarity is heightened when adult children navigate career uncertainty and change, consistent with a delayed activation process.