Language Culture Research Articles

Critical Review : Integrating Target Language Culture into Teaching Foreign Languages

A language is used to express its culture. A culture is incorporated into a language. So, when teaching a language, it is necessary to integrate the culture into teaching the language of that culture. For this reason, this paper reviews the relationship between language and culture and offers several recommendations for incorporating target language culture into foreign language teaching, including: exposing Students to Authentic Materials, contrasting the target language's culture with that of the students, presenting live native speakers to your pupils.

The role of the target language culture on Arabic learners' fondness for Arabic poetry.

As an important carrier of culture, poetry plays a significant role in deepening language learners' understanding of the target language culture as well as enhancing their language skills; however, the effect of the target language culture on language learners' enjoyment of poetry remains unclear. The study served as an attempt to shed light on the point of whether the target language culture has different effects on high- and low-level Chinese Arabic learners' fondness for Arabic poetry with the use of pictures related to Arabic culture and those not related to Arabic culture. In the current study, 40 Arabic learners (20 high-level and 20 low-level) scored the Arabic poem line based on their fondness for it after viewing two kinds of picture with electroencephalogram (EEG) recording. Frontal alpha asymmetry index as a correlate of approach and avoidance related motivation measured by EEG power in the alpha band (8-13 Hz) was calculated for examining whether the behavioral results of Arabic learners' fondness for poetry are in line with the results of changes in the related EEG components. Behavioral results illustrated that low-level subjects showed significantly less liking for Arabic poetry after viewing pictures related to Arabic culture compared to those not related to Arabic culture. The high-level subjects did not show a significant difference in the level of liking for Arabic poetry between the two cases. FAA results demonstrated that low-level subjects presented a significant avoidance-related responses to Arabic poetry after viewing pictures related to Arabic culture in comparison to viewing pictures not related to Arabic culture; while the FAA values did not differ significantly between the two cases in high-level subjects, which is in line with behavioral results. The findings of this research can benefit teachers in motivating students to learn poetry in foreign language curriculum and also contribute to the literature on the effect of target language culture on language learners' enjoyment of poetry.

Chinese culture in Portuguese oral classes of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area: An intercultural perspective

Starting from the intercultural perspective, this analysis aims at analyzing the role of cultures in Portuguese, Chinese culture and the interaction between them in oral classes of PFL (Portuguese as foreign language) from higher education institutions based in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. This study is based on quantitative research, through a questionnaire survey among 219 students. It is concluded that Portuguese language cultures have an unquestionable role in PFL oral classes. However, an imbalance has been observed in the introduction of different cultural variants of the Portuguese language in most oral classes, where Portuguese culture is mainly highlighted and other Portuguese language cultures are ignored. On the other hand, it was found that Chinese culture and interculturality are integrated in these classes, but in a small percentage. At the same time, there is a little space for Chinese culture and intercultural encounters in PFL oral classes.

문화콘텐츠 판소리를 활용한 한국어 문화교육 방안 연구

The purpose of this study is to propose a method of intercultural education us ing cultural contents Pansori in Korean language culture class for foreign students majoring in Korean language. Pansori is an important literary style that contains the unique emotions and thoughts of Koreans and has universal universal and multicultural values. Pansori is a genre with openness and universality that is com pleted by the emotional sympathy and reaction of the audience who appreciates the performance, not just the performers and the performers, and it is suitable as a material for intercultural education in that it is a genre that can understand the unique emotions and emotions of Korea. This study emphasized that Korean culture education should be conducted in the direction of intercultural understanding and respect for other cultures and finding ways to live together through dialogue with other cultural groups, rather than aiming at conveying and assimilating Korean culture.,In addition, this study is meaningful in that it embodies the Korean culture education plan using cultural contents Pansori, which is a suitable material.

Study of the Presentation of Cultural Elements in the PEP English Textbooks for Junior Middle Schools

With the increasing impact of globalization, the cultivation of cultural awareness and cross-cultural communication skills has become more and more important in English teaching. Textbooks play a crucial role as materials and carriers for English teaching. The way in which Chinese and foreign cultural elements are distributed and presented in textbooks can significantly affect students' learning of cultural knowledge and the development of their cultural awareness. To enhance students' cultural awareness, this study analyzed the cultural elements in PEP English textbook for junior high schools. The statistical results indicate that this textbook predominantly features Chinese culture, followed by British and American cultures, with non-target language cultures being the least presented. The presentation of cultures is primary through pictures and texts. The distribution of cultural elements is not balanced, and there is less cultural knowledge in the first book of the seventh grade. To address this issue, it is suggested that textbook writers should pay attention to the presentation of non-target language cultures, innovate the forms of cultural presentation, and distribute cultural knowledge. Teachers should strive to enhance their cultural literacy, deeply explore cultural elements, innovate cultural teaching methods and enhance students' cultural confidence. The aim is to deal with the cultural knowledge in the teaching materials scientifically and further develop students' cultural awareness.

On the Protection and Inheritance of the Evenki Ethnic Culture

In previous studies of the Evenki ethnic group, different perspectives have been presented regarding the research on Evenki language culture in various historical contexts and research periods: researchers from each era exhibit differences in research directions, angles, and awareness of issues. These differences are closely related to research objectives, external backgrounds, power relations, and the development of disciplines in different eras. This article suggests that an analysis of the Evenki language not only helps us understand the changes in ethnic language forms over different periods but also allows us to observe people's psychological states and practical needs against the backdrop of the times. In the context of today's era, this can effectively enhance our adaptability to linguistic and cultural transformation, and desktop research is a rapid method of reading literature and collecting language information categorization. The article demonstrates that the desktop learning research method proposed surpasses current typical language learning methods, helping us better adapt to the intelligent society and the era of big data.

Main Causes and Corresponding Strategies of “Dumb English” Phenomenon among Secondary School Students in Mainland China: A Review of Relevant Research Findings

This paper reviews selected literature published since 2000 to explore the increasing concern among scholars and educators in Mainland China, regarding the phenomenon of “dumb English” among secondary school students. Existing research primarily analyses the main causes of “dumb English” from the perspectives of deficiencies in English teaching in rural areas, the absence of native language culture in English instruction, deviations in students’ focus during oral English training, and psychological factors, etc. Corresponding strategies have been proposed to address these issues. Future research could focus on adjusting and optimizing the traditional English teaching models and evaluation systems in secondary school classrooms.

THE HISTORY OF THE EMERGENCE OF TURKISMS IN ENGLISH

Relations between peoples are impossible without the communication of languages. This article examines the issue of words adopted into the English language with the help of Turkic languages that are used in the modern language. The languages of the Turkic peoples have left many traces in different languages. Also, to review the nature of Turkisms in English, to reveal the nature of assimilation of Turkisms in two language cultures and the general features of the communication process, and to determine the features of the development of the semantics of its usage. In addition, the history of the emergence of Turkisms in the English language is intended to determine the features of its usage and semantics. In dealing with Turkisms, it should be noted that the English language is deep and wide. It is defined as the process of transition or entry of elements of one language into another language as a result of linguistic contacts.

Geospace translation strategies and their cognitive construal

Since the literary geospace is usually tinged with the author’s embodied experiences, it calls on the translator to restore or reconstruct the ST geospace’s geographical reality or imagination in the target language culture. Based on the embodied cognition of the environment, the translator can wash and negotiate the geographical conceptual system of the ST geospace by resorting to the three translation strategies, i.e., retention, reconstruction, and substitution, so as to generate new geospace in the geographical conceptual system of the TL. The article aims to analyze geospace translation strategies from the perspective of conceptual blending theory. The translator’s use of different translation strategies results from different mapping paths among the spaces of the source text, of the translator, and of the target text. It can illustrate the regularities of the translator’s space mediation in translating the geospace. Retention signifies the single-domain mappings from the space of ST. Substitution indicates the single-domain mappings from the space of the translator. Reconstruction denotes the double-domain mappings from both the spaces of ST and the translator. The emergent structure generated in the space of the target text yields the reterritorialization of the geospace in the target language culture, which can stimulate the reader of TT to get a similar geographical experience to that of the author and to empathize with the author’s sense of place to a greater extent.

Implementation of Neural Machine Translation in Translating from Indonesian to Sasak Language

Language translation is part of Natural Language Processing, also known as Machine Translation, which helps the process of learning foreign and regional languages using translation technology in sentence form. In Lombok, there are still people who are not very fluent in Indonesian because Indonesian is generally only used at formal events. This research aimed to develop a translation model from Indonesian to Sasak. The method used was the Neural Machine Translation with the Recurrent Neural Network - Long Short Term Memory architecture and the Word2Vec Embedding with a sentence translation system. The dataset used was a parallel corpus from the Tatoeba Project and other open sources, divided into 80% training and 20% validation data. The result of this research was the application of Neural Machine Translation with the Recurrent Neural Network - Long Short Term Memory algorithm, which could produce a model with an accuracy of 99.6% in training data and 71.9% in test data. The highest ROUGE evaluation metric result obtained on the model was 88%. This research contributed to providing a translation model from Indonesian to Sasak for the local community to facilitate communication and preserve regional language culture.

Pengaruh Perkembangan Seni Kaligrafi Arab Terhadap Budaya di Indonesia

This research discusses the influence of the development of Arabic calligraphy art on culture in Indonesia. The art of Arabic calligraphy, with its beauty and philosophical meaning, has become an integral part of Islamic culture. In Indonesia, Arabic calligraphy is not only considered a form of visual art, but also as an expression of spiritual values ​​and Islamic aesthetic beauty. This research identifies and analyzes the impact of the development of Arabic calligraphy on various aspects of culture in Indonesia. First, Arabic calligraphy art has made a significant contribution to the development of Indonesian fine arts. His influence is visible in the decorative arts, architecture, and other works of art. Arabic calligraphy is not only an aesthetic element, but also a means of conveying religious and spiritual messages. Second, the art of Arabic calligraphy plays an important role in enriching language culture in Indonesia. Many Arabic words used in calligraphy became part of the local vocabulary, creating linguistic synergy between Arab and Indonesian cultures. Third, the art of Arabic calligraphy also has an impact on religious culture in Indonesia. The use of calligraphy in religious contexts, such as in mosques and other places of worship, creates a deeply spiritual environment and adds value to religious practices. Thus, this research details how Arabic calligraphy not only functions as a visual art medium, but also as an agent of cultural and spiritual change in Indonesia. It is hoped that this in-depth understanding of the impact of Arabic calligraphy art can enrich perspectives on cultural dynamics and diversity in Indonesia.

EDUCATIONAL TRANSFORMATION: FROM BOARDING SCHOOL TO PESANTREN WITH BI'AH ARABIYYAH

This research focuses on revealing the forms and management of Arabic language culture, known as "bi’ah ‘arabiyyah," at the Modern Diniyyah Islamic Boarding School (PPMD) Pasia through various boarding programs. The research methodology employed is a qualitative approach with a case study framework. The data analysis process involves four main stages: data collection, data reduction, data display, and data realization. The findings of this study uncover that an effective strategy for shaping bi’ah ‘arabiyyah at PPMD Pasia is manifested through the diversity of boarding programs. These programs encompass Arabic language days, bi-weekly muhaddatsah activities, morning mufradat sessions, and the presence of a conducive environment for reading and the Arabic Club. The varied boarding programs positively contribute to the formation of high-quality bi’ah ‘arabiyyah. Consequently, their impact is felt in the enhancement of the quality of learning activities within the classrooms. The significance of diverse boarding programs as a means of cultivating a positive bi’ah ‘arabiyyah becomes a crucial point throughout the entire research. The successful implementation of these programs creates a conducive environment for the development of Arabic language proficiency among the students. Therefore, this research provides a clear depiction of the role of boarding programs in shaping bi’ah ‘arabiyyah and fostering an optimal learning atmosphere at PPMD Pasia

An Analysis of the Translation of Chinese Culture-loaded Words in Fortress Besieged from the Perspective of Reception Aesthetics

Culture-loaded words are phrases and idioms that reflect unique national cultural characteristics and can directly reflect the historical uniqueness of a country. This paper discusses the translation of culture-loaded words in Fortress Besieged from the perspective of reception aesthetics, and analyzes the translator’s translation methods according to the similarities and differences between the source language culture and the target language culture. It also analyzes the feasibility of the translation of culture-loaded words under the guidance of reception aesthetics and the quality of the translation under the guidance of the two main theories of reception aesthetics (reader’s horizon of expectation and the implied reader). The main findings of this study are as follows: Firstly, translators adopt some translation methods and selectively meet readers’ directional and creative expectations. For different cultural transplanting phenomena, translators adopt different translation strategies to cater to readers’ receptivity and needs. Secondly, the implied reader plays an intermediary role in literature, connecting the creator and the audience, so that the work can be interpreted and experienced in a variety of contexts.

THE CONCEPT “WOMAN” IN KAZAKH FOLK LYRICS

Our article deals with the concept of “woman” in Kazakh folk lyrics. A woman has a special place in Kazakh society. The lives of women who are the mentors of men and educators of children in life are different. A woman is a living being, the catalyst of the house. She is a dear mother, an honorable sister, a noble grandmother. Therefore, we think that the topic of women is one of the eternal topics. It is clear that the linguistic units that define the concept of “woman” are given in the national worldview in the work Babalar selo, which is taken as the object of our research. In addition, when the lexeme of a woman is a word, it is quite natural that it is connected with the equivalents of a woman as a role model, a woman who is loyal to love, and a woman as a mother. The main goal of our article is to define the expression of the concept of woman in the language of Kazakh folk lyrics. Explanations of the concept of woman were given from explanatory dictionaries of the Kazakh language, and its meaning was revealed. Frames showing the existence and life of the Kazakh people were analyzed. By making a conceptual analysis of the language Word of Ancestors, the theoretical significance of the study is to form an understanding of the concepts of woman-mother, woman-owner of life, wife-husband, woman-child founder in the Kazakh worldview. The theoretical results of the work can be used in courses such as Cognitive Linguistics, Ethnolinguistics, Linguistics, Text Linguistics. Also, it can be used as an auxiliary material in practical lessons on the subjects of Stylistics and language culture, literary text linguistic analysis.

LINGUISTIC ASPECTS OF THE FORMATION OF STUDENTS' SPEECH CULTURE

This article discusses the linguistic aspects of the formation of students' speech culture. The special role of sections of linguistics in the culture of speech is determined. A review and analysis of the work of foreign and domestic linguists and methodologists was carried out. Within the framework of the new directions of the language, we are talking about the basic principles and methods that are used and guided in the development of the language manifestations of the student's speech culture. In our article, we pay attention to the opinions of such scientists as: N.Uali, B.Kaliuly, M.Balakaev, F.Orazbaeva, Zh.Dauletbekova and others. It is confirmed that the level of the student's personal culture should be differentiated in forming and developing the student's speech culture. We will focus on such concepts as the relationship between word culture and personal culture, language purity and language communication, literary language norm, language culture, and study their interrelationship. It will be confirmed that word culture is one of the Kazakh national values. Conclusions are made for opinions on the correct use of common language materials and vocabulary. We should not forget that such sections of linguistics as: grammar, lexicology and phraseology play a very important role in the formation and development of students' speech culture. Because it can be assumed that a student who understands the basic laws and rules of language layers can also improve their speech culture. Of course, the influence of extralinguistic factors cannot be ruled out. However, it is an unshakable axiom that the sections of linguistics are directly related to the concept of speech culture. In the course of general scientific work, that is, before the solution and methodology of a specific problem, one of the main conditions is to determine the theoretical and methodological foundations of this problem. Therefore, we devote this article to clarifying the linguistic aspects of the formation of students' speech culture.

TRADITIONAL PRAGMATICS OF THE KAZAKH WORD IN THE SPEECH OF А. BAITURSYNULY

It is known that many linguistic and non-linguistic factors influence the development and change of a language. Since the Kazakh language was not influenced by another language until the beginning of the XX century, the language of that period makes it possible to determine traditional speech skills. Therefore, the authors aim in their research work to determine the pragmatics of the traditional Kazakh word from the article by A. Baitursynuly, published in the early twentieth century. In many works in this field of linguistics, they are considered only from the point of view of language norms, stylistic applications, types of styles, which does not allow demonstrating the skills of the Kazakh language in the systematic presentation of words, satisfactory speech. Therefore, the definition and demonstration of the norms of word formation, taking into account the specifics of the Kazakh national speech, is one of the topical issues. In the research work, the authors focus on effective ways of transmitting the Kazakh word to the listener, outline their features, subtleties. For this purpose, the article by A. Baitursynuly «The Offense of the Kazakh people», published in 1911, and its impact on the reader, the structure of the text, internal, external communication, and the sequence of presentation are considered. As a result, it was found that the Kazakh word is used appropriately, has a beginning, middle, conclusion, the whole structure is an integral logical, grammatical structure, as brief as possible, understandable. The scientific significance of the article is the influence on increasing the level of word formation of the Kazakh language, the development of the sphere of word culture, stylistics, practical significance can serve as an auxiliary tool for listeners, for language learners, for those who want to learn to speak the Kazakh language purely, correctly, as an application in the field of language culture, stylistics.

A Study of the Subtitle Translation of Coco from the Perspective of Skopos Theory

In the context of the continuous advancement of globalization, intercultural communication is increasingly frequent. Films, as an art form, play a crucial role in promoting cultural exchange. With skopos theory as the theoretical framework, this article analyzes the subtitle translation of the film Coco. Through the analysis of specific cases, it is observed that translators adhere to the skopos rule, the coherence rule and the fidelity rule of skopos theory during the subtitle translation of Coco, and effectively address the problem of differences between target language culture and source language culture by adopting translation methods and strategies such as free translation and domestication so as to facilitate effective movie-watching experience, foster communication, and achieve cross-cultural communication.

Investigating Motivations of Learning Languages Other Than English: A Case of Learners of Japanese in Thailand

Current theories about learning a second language might not fully explain why people want to learn languages other than English (LOTE) in the context of globalization and multilingualism. This study adopted and adjusted Huang’s (2021) motivational dimensions for LOTE learners, specifically focusing on those who learn LOTE as a third language (L3), as is common in Thailand. It aimed to explore the motivations of 167 Thai students in higher education when choosing to study Japanese, using a questionnaire and a focus group. The findings indicate that Culture/Community Interest and Instrumentality-Promotion significantly influence motivation. On the other hand, Instrumentality-Prevention and Intended Learning Effort are closely related and exhibit the least influence. The findings also showed that students’ motivations change depending on their year of study. Third- and fourth-year students valued practical benefits the most, while second-year students were more interested in the culture and community of the target language. In addition, the research also examined students’ perceptions of multilingual learning. This research helps educators, linguists, and policymakers understand why students want to study Japanese and to create effective teaching strategies tailored to students’ interests.

Taking innovative humanising pedagogy towards Thirdness: sustaining the development of intercultural competence

ABSTRACT To facilitate intercultural communicative competence, language learners are invited into the triadic capacity of Thirdness, where the social and critical interpretations of intercultural dialogue are explored. Little is known of the specific pedagogical stages to create such a terrain for the development of students’ sustainable intercultural competence. Situated within a tertiary-level English classroom in China, this study reveals how teachers can employ five pedagogical stages and humanised pedagogy to decentre cultural imperialism and promote plural values, behaviours and ways of knowing, and how students relativise their own beliefs to those of the target language culture.

Target Language Culture Teaching and Learning in Moroccan Universities: Approaches and Challenges

The present study has two main purposes. The first purpose is to investigate students’ and teachers’ attitudes towards target language culture learning and teaching. The second purpose is to identify the challenges that may hinder the effective learning and teaching of the target language culture course. It was conducted with 200 students and 6 teachers from two Moroccan universities (Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah and Mohammed First Universities). To collect data, we made use of two data collection methods, namely the questionnaire and the interview. The major results of the study showed that both students and teachers had positive attitudes towards the target language culture course (U.S & British Culture course). The results also showed that the majority of students are not satisfied with both the content and the methodology used in the course. Based on the results, it was clear that the lack of technology and the lack of including some cultural aspects that students perceive to be important to know are among the most serious challenges that hamper achieving the effective learning outcomes of British and U.S Culture courses at the level of the university. It is hoped that the findings of this study will contribute to the improvement of the teaching practices related to target language culture teaching and learning in Moroccan universities.