Land Acquisition Research Articles

Losing ground: business power, standardized assets and the regulation of land acquisition taxes in Germany and Sweden

Abstract Previous literature on the nexus between land, finance and business power has not systematically analysed the role of the liquidity of businesses’ assets. Combining process tracing with a comparative design, this study contributes a perspective on the role of standardized assets for business power. It investigates land acquisition tax reforms asking why institutional landowners’ structural and instrumental power was successful in Sweden but not in Germany. In Germany, a reform was passed in 2021 which disadvantages the private market institutional landowners compared to their public counterparts. This study argues that the standardization of landed property as liquid stock enabled publicly listed property companies to unite with other stock market actors, increasing their power resources and allowing them to successfully promote their interests due to the liquidity demands of their assets. This stands in contrast to the poorer reception of the liquidity of private market actors in their land-related transactions.

Mathematical Simulation for Right of Way Corridor for Overhead Transmission Line

Transmission lines play a vital role in the operation of a reliable electrical power system and that is why the transmission line system is considered as a lifeline system for power supply. The transmission line traverses across the length and breadth of the country, and it crosses all the natural reserves like forests, rivers, vegetation, mountains, etc., to make the system effective, Right of Way (ROW) plays a decisive role in the transmission line. But in today’s growing population and economy, land acquisition for the construction of transmission lines is a major bottleneck. This leads to huge compensations for the utilities and a threat to the natural resources. This paper attempts to arrive at a mathematical simulation for effective ROW by studying different codal provisions and utility practices. The approach is made to make efficient use of the land available without compromising any relevant parameters for ROW.

The Influence of the Work Environment on Work Productivity of Land Acquisition Sub directorate Employees

The main problem of the Subdirektorat Pengadaan Tanah is the non-physical work environment, such as work relationships between leaders and subordinates as well as work relations between fellow employees. This research aims to analyze the influence of the work environment on work productivity. The research method used is quantitative with an associative method to determine the relationship between environmental variables and productivity variables. In the t test, the value of t < t table is obtained (1.026 < 2.021). Regarding the partial correlation analysis, there is no influence of the work environment on work productivity, so Ho is accepted. From the results of the analysis, an R of 0.160 was obtained, which shows that there is no strong relationship between the environment and productivity. The results of the coefficient of determination show an R squared figure of 0.160 or 0.026%, which means that work environment variables influence work productivity by 0.026% while 0.074% is influenced by other factors not examined in this research. It can be concluded that there is no influence of the work environment on the work productivity of employees of the Subdirektorat Pengadaan Tanah.

The Paradox of Farmers in Response Agricultural Land Conversion to National Strategic Development Policies in Central Java

The pros and cons of developing infrastructure, including transportation infrastructure, in a country known as an agricultural country will certainly involve and possibly sacrifice several parties. The development causes a dilemma for the affected parties. Klaten Regency is one of the areas in Central Java where the Yogyakarta-Solo toll road would be built. This article investigates some farmers affected by toll road construction in Klaten Regency to present the dilemma they felt using an approach to the level of achievement of farmers’ feelings towards this policy. The results of the research show the following achievement levels: (1) farmers felt sad about the land conversion due to the toll road construction project policy, (2) farmers were happy about the land acquisition compensation appraisal, and (3) farmers were sad about the decision to sell the land.

A STUDY OF COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT IN BIHAR

Commercial real estate has emerged as a key driver of economic growth and urban development in India. However, most development has concentrated in major metros while Tier-2/3 cities offer huge untapped potential. Bihar is one such state witnessing early stage growth in commercial real estate. This study utilizes primary data from developer/investor interviews and secondary data from industry reports. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were conducted to assess historical trends, current status, growth drivers, challenges, and future outlook. The analysis indicates that office and retail sectors are witnessing maximum growth, driven by factors like increasing demand from IT/ITeS, organized retail, and e-commerce companies. However, challenges like nascent stage of development, infrastructure gaps, lack of financing, land acquisitions, and talent availability need to be addressed. The study provides an in-depth understanding of commercial real estate in Bihar. While immense potential exists, concerted efforts on infrastructure improvement, policy reforms, and private participation are vital to realize the full promise. Targeted recommendations are provided for stakeholders to chart the future growth trajectory.

Public Satisfaction with Land Acquisition at Komodo Airport, Labuan Bajo, West Manggarai: Case Study

The quality of public services is a variable that affects public satisfaction. Land acquisition for the development of Labuan Bajo Airport seeks to maintain a dynamic relationship between developers and land owners. This research focuses on 5 (five) indicators of public satisfaction with the airport development process, including aspects of tangibles, Reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy. This study used a qualitative observational approach. The data collection method used interviews, surveys, observations and Focus Group Discussions on airport service users. The study results show that five indicators, tangibles, Reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy, have been carried out well in implementing land acquisition for airport development.

Participatory conservation in the Semliro Traditional Village, Rahtawu Village, as an effort to preserve culture, environment, and land

Background: The beauty of a Rahtawu Village certainly poses a threat from the are increasingly a rapid human activity to meet life's needs. The Dukuh Semliro community formed an effort to preserve the nature of Mount Muria, namely by building the Semliro Traditional Village. The aim of this research is to find out the role of participatory conservation carried out by the Semliro Traditional Village in an effort to preserve its ancestral heritage with efforts from cultural, environmental, and land acquisition aspects. Methods: The method applied is descriptive-qualitative, with the research object being the Semliro Traditional Village in Rahtawu Village, Gebog District, Kudus Regency, Central Java. Data were obtained through direct observation in the field and a literature study. Findings: The research results show that Semliro Traditional Village is an extension of efforts to preserve culture, environment, and land in Kudus Regency, especially Rahtawu Village. The level of participation of the Semliro Traditional Village community is quite low; this is also followed by the still low level of activity or behavior of the traditional community in terms of conserving their agricultural land resources. Conclusion: The Rahtawu Village community is a making efforts to preserve the Muria forest by enforcing norms in cultural aspects. Participatory conservation needs to be encouraged to restore environmental degradation that occurred in Rahtawu Village through Proklim (the Climate Village Program) and the formation of traditional villages. The policy regarding restrictions regarding land ownership for residents outside Rahtawu is expected to be able to minimize the negative impacts of massive development and support the potential of the tourism sector in Rahtawu Village.

Public Satisfaction with Land Acquisition at Komodo Airport, Labuan Bajo, West Manggarai: Case Study

The quality of public services is a variable that affects public satisfaction. Land acquisition for the development of Labuan Bajo Airport seeks to maintain a dynamic relationship between developers and land owners. This research focuses on 5 (five) indicators of public satisfaction with the airport development process, including aspects of tangibles, Reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy. This study used a qualitative observational approach. The data collection method used interviews, surveys, observations and Focus Group Discussions on airport service users. The study results show that five indicators, tangibles, Reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy, have been carried out well in implementing land acquisition for airport development.

Sea-level rise induced change in exposure of low-lying coastal land: implications for coastal conservation strategies

Coastal erosion and flooding are projected to increase during the 21st century due to sea-level rise (SLR). To prevent adverse impacts of unmanaged coastal development, national organizations can apply a land protection policy, which consists of acquiring coastal land to avoid further development. Yet, these reserved areas remain exposed to flooding and erosion enhanced by SLR. Here, we quantify the exposure of the coastal land heritage portfolio of the French Conservatoire du littoral (Cdl). We find that 30% (~40%) of the Cdl lands owned (projected to be owned) are located below the contemporary highest tide level. Nearly 10% additional surface exposure is projected by 2100 under the high greenhouse gas emissions scenario (SSP5-8.5) and 2150 for the moderate scenario (SSP2-4.5). The increase in exposure is largest along the West Mediterranean coast of France. We also find that Cdl land exposure increases more rapidly for SLR in the range of 0–1 m than for SLR in the range 2–4 m. Thus, near-future uncertainty on SLR has the largest impact on Cdl land exposure evolution and related land acquisition planning. Concerning erosion, we find that nearly 1% of Cdl land could be lost in 2100 if observed historical trends continue. Adding the SLR effect could lead to more than 3% land loss. Our study confirms previous findings that Cdl needs to consider land losses due to SLR in its land acquisition strategy and start acquiring land farther from the coast.

Penyelesaian Sengketa dalam Pengadaan Tanah bagi Pembangunan Jalan Tol untuk Kepentingan Umum

Land issues in North Sumatra, especially in Medan City, still occur frequently, one of which is land acquisition for the construction of toll road infrastructure to accelerate development, facilitate access to production, distribution, and tourism areas, and create new jobs. Although this development accelerates the economic growth of the country and society, disputes related to land acquisition for public interest are inevitable. One of the cases that is the focus of this research is located in Sumatra Province, specifically the jurisdiction of the Medan District Court. The problem of this research is how legal protection for land rights owners due to land acquisition for toll roads and how the consignment process of compensation for land affected by toll road project acquisition. The research method used is normative juridical with an analytical descriptive approach, using the Legislation Approach. This research uses the Law Approach by collecting and analyzing statutory provisions related to the environment and corporations. The legal material collection technique used is library research, then analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that there is legal protection for the owner of the toll road acquisition through consignment settlement.

Case Study: Public Satisfaction with Land Acquisition at Komodo Airport, Labuan Bajo, West Manggarai, Indonesia

The quality of public services is a variable that affects general satisfaction. Land acquisition for the development of Labuan Bajo Airport seeks to maintain a dynamic relationship between developers and land owners. This research focuses on 5 (five) indicators of public satisfaction with the airport development process, including aspects of tangibles, Reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. This study used a qualitative observational approach. The data collection method used interviews, surveys, observations, and Focus Group Discussions on airport service users. The study results show that five indicators, tangibles, Reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy, have been carried out well in implementing land acquisition for airport development.

Living with coal in India: A temporal study of livelihood changes

This article asks what it is like for the rural poor to live with coal over time as mines expand and agriculture and forest-dependent ways of living inevitably become more restricted. Research on the expansion of open pit coal mining in India shows a widespread inability to appropriately compensate the rural poor for lost land and access to common property resources. Yet it is simultaneously clear that the growth of coal extraction over time ensures increased community dependence on mainly informal, coal-based livelihoods. What then happens over the long-term for people who live in and around the coalfields? Drawing on evidence from 2011 to 2022, this article explores longer term changes for mine-affected people next to major coal mines in Telangana state, India. Specifically, it examines a) the acquisition of forest and agricultural lands for the expanding mines, b) the operating mines and their environmental implications, but also improved job opportunities, and c) mine closure as an opportunity to rehabilitate the landscape and return the land for alternative community uses post mining. The results add to the understanding of the long-term changes that large-scale mining brings to rural communities, and the challenges to a just transition once coal mining inevitably comes to an end.

Optimization of expropriation costs on the highway projects in Türkiye

Expropriation is widely used to introduce highway projects into the society. Expropriation is the registration process of real estate and equities owned by natural and legal persons on behalf of the administration for public interest, provided that property and easement right amount shall be paid in cash or in advance or by equal installments. In what situations and by which institutions expropriation is carried out are restricted by the law. In accordance with the Article 3 of the Expropriation Law Number 2942 amended by the Law Number 4650, the expropriation process shall not be started without an adequate allowance provided by the administration. The exercise of the right of property shall not be against public interest.” Project areas are required to be converted into public property after the development plans for the public projects are prepared. Areas regarded as private property but intersected by highway, railway or waterway routes can only be occupied after expropriation. Without expropriation, projects based on transportation in improvement areas can be opened to public with the application of the provisions of the Development Law Number 3194, while those in areas having no development plan can be opened to public with the application of the relevant provisions of the Agricultural Reform Law Number 3083 on Land Consolidation in Irrigated Areas and Law Number 5403 on Soil Conservation and Land Use. In this article, opening highways, railways, and waterways to public in Türkiye using the implementation of development plans is discussed. For the real estate coinciding with the route of public investments, if land and land lots are arranged in accordance with the Article 18 of the Development Law Number 3194, state withholding up to 45% may be imposed. The objective function in the state withholding can be stated as f= costmin= f(a,b). Land acquisition increases as the ratio of state withholding increases, resulting in the minimization of the expropriation costs. Public projects such as highway can be opened to public free of charge with development plan implementation in improvement areas and with land consolidation in rural areas having no development plan.

LAND ACQUISITION PLAN AS OBJECT OF DISPUTE IN STATE ADMINISTRATION CASE

Objective: This study aims to determine the realization of a land acquisition plan as an object of state administrative disputes. Method: The research method used is a juridical normative research method, researchers conduct research using data in the form of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. Results and Conclusions: The results of the study found that the land acquisition plan in the form of determining the location of land acquisition for development for public interest as the object of state administrative disputes, is the result of state administrative decisions that are considered to have the potential to harm the rights and interests of a person or civil law entity or customary law community whose land is targeted for land acquisition so that the party who feels disadvantaged file a lawsuit with the government agency or official that has issued the decision.

Open pit limit optimization considering the pumped storage benefit after mine closure: a case study

Repurposing a closed mine as lower reservoir is a cost-effective way for the construction of pumped storage hydropower (PSH) plant. This method can eliminate the expenses of mine reclamation, reservoir construction, and land acquisition, resulting in significant cost savings and benefits for the PSH project, known as the PSH benefit. The construction of PSH plants within a closed mine is divided into surface mode and semi-underground mode in this paper. Through a general comparison of two in-situ cases, the finding highlight that the surface mode can achieve a larger potential installed capacity and lower construction cost. Furthermore, the PSH benefit is quantified and internalized as an economic parameter in the ultimate pit limit (UPL) optimization by allocating it into unit ore. Taken an undisclosed open-pit iron mine as example, the UPL is optimized by considering the PSH benefit. The internalized PSH benefit is calculated to be 6.59 CN¥/t when the installed capacity is 2000 MW, and ore amount within the optimized UPL is increased by 1.4%. The results indicated that the PSH benefit does influence the shape and size of UPL, but not significantly. Besides, converting several bottoms in a single open-pit into lower and upper reservoirs presents more challenges for UPL optimization, which further explorations is needed.

Governance of Nemberala Coastal Natural Resources in Rote District Ndao

This study focuses on the governance of non-extractive natural resources on the Nemberala coast. More specifically, this study aims to trace the access mechanism and power relations of foreign capitalists and the government in the development of resorts, villas and cafes in the Nemberala coastal area, Rote Ndao Regency as a means of supporting tourism and what the implications are for local communities. This study uses two access mechanism approaches, Nency Peluso's Access theory (1992) and Nanang's (2021) elements of political analysis of natural resources as units of analysis. This study uses a single case study strategy with a qualitative inductive research approach. This study found that discourse and material power can change the composition of power and values ​​in an area in the form of domination as an exercise of power. Apart from that, this study found that material power operates at a closed spatial level so that in the land acquisition process on the Nemberala coast unconstitutional practices occur. The study of natural resource governance shows that there are three key actors in the governance of Nemberala's coastal natural resources, namely the government, foreign capitalists and land-owning communities. On the other hand, capitalization, privatization and commodification arise due to the globalization of the tourism market or the internationalization of tourism. Placing tourism in the capitalist space means that natural resource management will discuss who gets what, where it gets it, and how it gets it.

Understanding variation in impacts from private protected areas across regions and protection mechanisms to inform organizational practices.

Private land protection is an important and growing tool to address biodiversity loss and climate change. Thus, better empirical evidence on the effectiveness of private land protection and organizational practices, such as targeting of lands for protection and choice of protection mechanism (i.e., fee simple land acquisition and conservation easements), is needed. We addressed this gap by estimating the impacts of The Nature Conservancy's (TNC) (a large nongovernmental organization with relatively decentralized management) conservation land acquisitions and easements from 1988 to 2016 in three regions of the United States (Mid-Atlantic, New England and New York, and California). We estimated impact in terms of avoided conversion by comparing natural land cover on 3179 protected parcels with matched unprotected parcels. Nineteen of 21 ecoregional plans used threats of agriculture and development to identify priorities for protection. When regions and protection mechanisms were pooled, on average there was no evidence of avoided conversion from 1988 to 2016. Accounting for mechanisms, TNC land acquisitions avoided conversionand easements did not. TNC's easements on parcels acquired by conservation partners did avoid conversion. Limitations of these results include focus on a singlemeasure of impact, inability to capture future avoided conversion, and low land cover change accuracy in California. Our results suggest that private land protection managers who seek to avoid land conversion in the near to medium term should increase focus on areas with higher threats. Special attention should be paid to strengthening accountability and the role of partners, improving or clarifying how easements are used, and facilitating the flow of resources to work with the greatest potential impact.

Unveiling the drivers of large-scale land acquisitions in Asian countries: society, economy and environment

ABSTRACT The rapid surge in large-scale land acquisitions (LSLAs) has been triggered by the convergence of food, financial and environmental crises in the late 2000s. Since the 2008 commodity price spike, several Asian countries have become preferential targets for LSLAs carried out by foreign companies and governments. The rising interest in Asian farmlands and natural resources arose in a complex set of political transitions and socioeconomic dynamics that have shaped the whole continent in the last decades. This study relies on a dataset built on different data sources, from 2003 to 2021 for a total of 14,724 million hectares involved in LSLAs in Asia. The southeastern region is the most targeted one, with Indonesia and the Philippines as the principal host countries. The main investors are intraregional and, especially in private or stock-exchange listed companies, are from China and Malaysia, who intend to produce palm oil or rubber. Results partially confirm the initial hypothesis, showing that the endowment of land and water resources in host countries is positively related to the amount of land acquired. Findings also show that investors are looking for free market areas, with low trade barriers and low fiscal pressure, where the protection of workers’ rights is lower than that in their homeland.

When the Mnemonic Actors Become Storytellers. The Lore of the ‘Recovery’ in 1970s Poland

The article examines the memoirs of Polish soldiers who settled in the lands that Poland acquired after the Second World War, the so-called Recovered Territories. The author argues that these memoirs reflect different forms of conveying the stories about the ‘recovery’, i.e. the acquisition of the formerly German lands by the Polish state in 1945. Depending on the historical and political context, as well as the personal and collective experiences of the settlers, she identifies its two main forms: myth and lore. The myth involves stories that are considered authoritative and obligatory, while lore is a type of storytelling that involves stories that are considered flexible and optional by the people who tell or listen to them. She further analyses how the myth of the ‘recovery’ subsequently transformed over time into lore from the immediate post-war period up to the 1970s.

Perampasan Tanah dan Perlawanan Petani: Dampak Perkebunan Sawit terhadap Kehidupan Masyarakat di Pasaman Barat Tahun 1980-2022

This research examines "Land Grabbing and Farmer Resistance: The Impact of Oil Palm Plantations on People’s Life in West Pasaman during 1980-2022". Forests belonging to indigenous peoples encountered land grabbing and conversion into oil palm plantations. Land grabbing is a common phenomenon in West Pasaman. The purpose of this research are to find out the pattern of land ownership in West Pasaman from 1980-2022, strategy of land grabbing, the resistance of oil palm farmers, Fourthly, and the impact of the widespread land grabbing activities on oil palm plantations in West Pasaman. This research used a multidimensional approach. For this reason, social science theories such as economics, anthropology and sociology were used to explain the subject matter. This method strategy is important to be able to analyze the research topic more comprehensively. The method used was historical method including heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The result of research shows that the expansion of oil palm plantations is putatively more than 70% of land in West Pasaman controlled by large companies, while the rest of 30% is for the people in West Pasaman. Large plantations did land acquisition successfully in various ways such as buying land, cooperation with traditional leaders, and land grabbing. The land grabbing results in various effects: people losing their land, displaced communities, poverty, no place to stand and farmer resistance. In conclusion, the expansion of oil palm plantations has generated various conflicts within community. The main sources of conflict are land grabbing and socio-economic inequality in the community. This then led to the farmer’s resistance against the rulers and entrepreneurs of oil palm plantations.