Alienation Of Labor Research Articles

“Protean Mechanism”: Robert Willis and the Technics of Architectural History

Abstract Robert Willis’s writing in the nineteenth century was foundational to the development of the discipline of architectural history. Closely related to other Cambridge scientists, including William Farish and William Whewell, Willis deployed similar methods and forms of conceptualization in his writings about medieval architecture. He focused on five areas in particular: the isometric projection, the building as kit-of-parts, detailed technical forms of description using illustrations and specialized vocabularies, the machine tool, and new tools for measuring cogwheels and architectural profiles. Using an interdisciplinary approach and drawing upon contemporary ideas of political economy by Karl Marx and Charles Babbage, this article resituates Willis’s writing in the context of the separation of manual from intellectual labor under industrial capitalism, arguing that the architectural historian was complicit both with the forms of abstraction required of professionalization and with the alienation of labor.

An Analysis of New Forms of Labor Alienation in the Digital Era—based on the Textual Investigation of "Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844"

An Analysis of New Forms of Labor Alienation in the Digital Era—based on the Textual Investigation of "Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844"

Director for hire? Negotiating creativity and work in the Irish television sector

The television industry has deep-rooted neoliberal employment structures, and this article explores how the non-fiction television director negotiates this contingent working environment. Research has established that creative workers adapt themselves to the demands of a post-Fordist ‘gig economy’, characterised by casual, non-permanent work, with little security or accountability. However, relatively little is known about how non-fiction television directors respond to that context, especially in the Irish case. In-depth interviews were conducted with a purposeful sample of 12 freelance television directors. Key findings note the layers of control wielded by broadcasters over the working life of the director. Identifying the negative effect of broadcasters’ dominance in the sector, they revealed a three-line whip of control through budget, creative direction, and a risk-averse approach to programming, which effectively constrained the directors and reduced their autonomy. The directors described how broadcasters’ control over budgets means that the sector is run at their command, a situation that is further aggravated by Ireland’s lack of trade union representation, stagnant pay rates and the absence of intellectual property rights accruing to directors’ work. Respondents proposed that their status was reduced from creative auteur to operational functionaries, reporting the negative impact of the industry work culture and practices on their self-esteem, because their creativity and work were undervalued. This article breaks new ground to explore directors’ responses to the conditions of the gig economy and link the alienation of labour to the loss of creativity in content. There was an acceptance by non-fiction directors of the status quo, which was seen as the ‘price’ of a non-routine life, with the freedom to indulge the passion and the pleasure inherent to making television. Moreover, respondents also revealed how they maintained their creative identity despite their circumstances, through the pursuit of their own work and through the support of peers. Crucially, respondents argued for a repositioning of the television director to reflect their status and role in the origination and creation of novel content, and proposed such recognition might better serve the television viewer.

A Qualitative Study on the Living Conditions of Filipino Domestic Helpers in Hong Kong

While Filipino domestic assistants in Hong Kong are not entitled to get the Hong Kong Permanent Identity Card, they do have access to complimentary medical care in Hong Kong, which includes the option of receiving childbirth services. In light of the aforementioned context, a pertinent concern that arises pertains to the potential mistreatment of Filipino domestic workers, encompassing issues such as discrimination, access to adequate healthcare, and equitable treatment of local citizens. This study aims to investigate the experiences of Filipino migrant workers regarding discrimination and labor alienation. This study aims to examine the potential experiences of racial discrimination and challenges in cultural communication faced by individuals from diverse ethnic backgrounds. In relation to the economic dimension, it is important to examine the feasibility of individuals leading a satisfactory lifestyle within the confines of their employer-provided remuneration. This study aims to examine the potential for individuals to integrate into Hong Kong society in terms of interpersonal relationships. This study aims to examine the issue of labor protection, specifically focusing on the potential exploitation of workers by their employers and the availability of aid from relevant institutions. Filipino domestic helpers, Hong Kong, Living conditions.

The Realistic Representation and Solution of Labor Alienation Caused by Humanoid Robots—Based on the Perspective of Marx’s Labor Alienation Theory

The Realistic Representation and Solution of Labor Alienation Caused by Humanoid Robots—Based on the Perspective of Marx’s Labor Alienation Theory

СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ МЕТАМОРФОЗЫ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО СОДЕРЖАНИЯ ТРУДА

This article considers the consequences of the transformation of the market-capitalist system, which are affecting an important aspect of socio-economic relations such as labor, labor relations and human labor motivation. The analysis allows us to talk about significant transformations in the socio-economic content of labor and labor relations during the transition to a post–industrial economy in the 21st century, which are caused by the technological revolution and its achievements, on the one hand, and the consequences of the imposed consumer society, on the other.We have called these transformations, which have a contradictory character, metamorphoses. The main question, which we are trying to find an answer is what is the true essence of the results of these transformations: the gradual liberation of labor from the shackles of exploitation or the emergence of new transformed forms of alienation of labor from its humanistic existence?

Labor Involvement of Employees of Higher Education Institutions: Based on Corporate Projects

The article examines the concept of «employee involvement» in organizational management, presents the key characteristics and determinants of this involvement, shows how to manage labor involvement. The authors analyze the connection between labor alienation and employees’ «burnout», the advantages of high and the risks of low labor involvement.The research focuses on the involvement of staff in the academic field. Given the ongoing processes of modernization and transformation of the higher education sector, which also cover Russian universities, a high level of employees’ engagement can potentially help to effectively cope with new challenges.We analyze theoretical concepts of personnel involvement in the work of the organization and present the results of a longitudinal sociological study based on our questionnaire. Four monitoring waves were carried out: in 2018 (N=708), in 2019 (N=840), in 2020 (N=522), and in 2022 (N=552). The research is aimed at studying the involvement of scientific and pedagogical staff in the activities and corporate projects of the university (in comparison with other categories of employees). There are found out the types of employee involvement and the key factors determining the change in the level of their involvement in the activities of the organization and in the implementation of individual corporate projects. We have identified three types of employee involvement: high (unconditional), medium (labile) and low (avoidant) involvement. The highest labor involvement is noted among senior staff and line managers.The study of employee involvement is of practical importance for researchers and practitioners in the sphere of human resource management. The article might be of interest for federal and regional authorities in the field of education, for heads of higher education institutions, for university human resource departments, and for university staffin general.

Commodifying Java Coffee: An Analysis using Spivak’s Planetarity toward Dee’s Filosofi Kopi

This research aims to analyze how and why Java coffee depicted by Kopi Tiwus in Dee’s Filosofi Kopi is commodified after Dutch colonialism which is inseparable from Eurocentrism ended in 1945 when Indonesia gained its independence. After applying qualitative research method with a post-colonial approach which involves collecting data in the form of words and analyzing the data by using Spivak’s planetarity as a post-colonial theory, it is found that the coffee is commodified through interaction between global agents depicted by Ben and Jody as owners of a coffee shop in Jakarta, namely Filosofi Kopi, and planetary subjects depicted by a middle-aged man with a strong Javanese accent who makes Ben and Jody know the coffee and by Pak Seno who sells it in a rickety hut in a rural area which is not far from Klaten, Central Java. Through the interaction, knowledge of features of Java coffee which is produced in smallholder coffee plantations on Java Island, Indonesia suggesting the country to enlarge its coffee plantations and to provide information and assistance of coffee cultivation technology to raise competitiveness of its coffee in the world market can be exchanged. The features are well-grown in a fertile land, the highest quality type of coffee, and brewed in a simple way which lead Java coffee to become a commodity to generate capital which can be globalized as well as European coffee depicted by Ben’s Perfecto as Ben’s creation together with a variety of popular espresso drinks. Made with espresso method and machine found and developed by Europeans along with other coffee brewing equipment and tools being homogenized in numerous cafes around the world, including in Indonesia, European coffee can be juxtaposed with Java coffee which does not require use of the machine and thus regarded as a different one. Novelty of the research is commodifying Java coffee without alienation of labor as Spivak states that planetarity keeps homogenization and differentiation in alterity which makes planetarity “in excess” of globalization of capital.

The Digital Hawker Economy in Dalian from the Perspective of Alienation of Labor: Logic, Connotation, and Pathways

Analysis of the digital hawker economy in Dalian, within the context of global capital expansion and labor alienation, helps understand the dialectical relationship between the formal and informal economies. The study adopts a desktop research approach, utilizing existing data from Dalian Statistics Bureau to demonstrate the interactive nature of the labor process among peddlers, means of production, and labor products, revealing the phenomenon of alienation within this process. By analyzing data provided by ByteDance officials, it becomes evident that the digital peddler economy in Dalian suffers from structural deviations. The pathway for the digital peddler economy lies in establishing digital platforms while avoiding the ideology of consumerism associated with digital goods. To achieve a more visual understanding of the dialectical relationship between formal and informal economies, this study uses R Programming for 3D modeling and regression forecasting analysis of Dalian's formal economy. Additionally, modeling the labor process of Digital Hawkers enhances the understanding of the dialectical relationship between the traditional peddler economy and the digital peddler economy. The research suggests the need to optimize relevant policies for traditional peddlers, allowing Dalian's informal economy to stabilize and complement the formal economy amid global capital expansion. Only through collective efforts from the government, platforms, and society can the healthy development of the digital peddler economy in Dalian be achieved, thereby promoting urban economic prosperity and social progress.

Diasporic Dysphoria: Decoding Affective Detachment in Disgrace and Severance

This paper is a comparative reading of J.M. Coetzee's Disgrace (1999) and Ling Ma's Severance (2018), analysing their shared affective mood of detachment, which I will call “diasporic dysphoria”. In these works, I propose that this dispassionate mood depicts both protagonists as diasporic citizens of their postcolonial and late capitalist societies. Coetzee and Ma use the affective mood of diasporic dysphoria as a form of representation in these novels, to represent historical and contemporary contexts through the alienation of labour, the countryside and the city through a visitorial aestheticisation, and unspeakable topics through metaphors and allusions. The purpose of this essay is to decipher and define this particular mood—one of historical alienation, distanced spectatorship, and the difficulty of articulation—through close readings, examining how diasporic dysphoria manifests thematically, structurally and linguistically in both novels.

A Machine of Affirmations: Fascism in the Age of Trump

ABSTRACT Nihilism in its classic Nietzschean sense—the ruins of all values—is the general condition of existence of Trumpism. In contrast to Noam Chomsky’s argument that Trump, while authoritarian, is not a fascist, this article analyzes Trumpism in relation to nihilism and argues that Trump is a machine of affirmations for the collapse of all values—democracy, equality, justice . caused by the profound alienation of labor in contemporary capitalism. The machinic affirmations produced by the Trump administrative apparatuses—Fox News, Republican National Committee, Newsmax, the Justice Department . —are given a political bond and a spiritual coherence by (a nihilistic) fascism. It is a fascism that replaces the “big words” with equally ground-less affirmations (“Make American Great Again”) but, like all fascism, fails to overcome capitalism’s devaluation of all values that has in the words of Marx and Engels, “drowned the most heavenly ecstasies of religious fervour, of chivalrous enthusiasm, of philistine sentimentalism, in the icy water of egotistical calculation.”

The Philosophical Inspiration of Arendt’s View of Labor on Digital Labor

While introducing Hannah Arendt’s attitude towards labor in her works, Christian Fuchs’ concept of digital labor is introduced, and Arendt’s view of labor is summarized for contemporary labor The critique of the state, the hidden words behind Arendt’s labor thesis, tell people to reflect on the current materialistic and consumer-oriented policy guidance, and to be alert to the hidden danger of laborers who are hidden behind the digital labor under high-tech. At the same time, it expresses as a political philosopher, I have the relentless pursuit of the sublime human nature and the insufficient thoroughness of Marx’s thought of overcoming alienated labor. On the basis of acknowledging Marx’s labor ontology and labor alienation, drawing on Arendt’s labor research results can guide people to pursue a more liberal and ideal world order.

Research on Digital Labor Alienation from The Perspective of Digital Capitalism

In the Economic and Philosophical Manuscript of 1844, Marx put forward the theory of "alienated labor". According to Marx's analysis, the process of labor alienation is actually the process of workers from formal subordination to actual subordination to capital, and it is also the process of workers' losing their subjective status, which is a vicious circle. In the era of digital economy, as a new form of labor, digital labor, while greatly improving labor efficiency and liberating productivity, is still dominated by the production system dominated by private ownership of the means of production.

Thailand’s Sex Entertainment: Alienated Labor and the Construction of Intimacy

Promising research from Thailand already highlights women in the sexual entertainment industry as being active participants in both intimate relationships and commercial transactions simultaneously. Notably, they are neither victims nor alienated laborers, as some activist narratives assert. Women working in Thailand’s sex entertainment industry consistently adapt working cultures to modernity’s demand to reduce sex to a commercial transaction while often seeking emotional engagement. One result is that new forms of intimacy emerged, taking on new cultural meanings. The profoundly felt need to care for and take care of someone else [dulae (Thai: ดูแล)], seen as a form of “intimacy”, is, in fact, deeply rooted in the Thai social context. We reframe the literature about sex work in Thailand by assuming that intimacy is key to understanding how “sex work” arose and is sustained there. Focusing on intimacy distances research about sex work away from western assumptions about the commodification and alienation of labor. This gives a more holistic understanding of the complexity of overlapping and intersecting dimensions of the work women perform in sex entertainment. “Intimacy” ties together the issues of money, labor, and a need to care for someone and be taken care of. This thread links women with their customers, families, and themselves.

The Alienation of Science and Technology from the Perspective of Labor Alienation Logic: Taking the Creation and Application of Metaverse as an Example

As a new science and technology, the development and application of Metaverse will inevitably lead to the alienation of science and technology, the important manifestation of which is the deprivation of human subjectivity at multiple levels. Scientific and technological productive labor is alienated from labor products, laborers are alienated from scientific and technological labor production, human nature is alienated from scientific and technological laborers, and scientific and technological practice activities cause the alienation of interpersonal relations. Therefore, the creation of Metaverse should keep examining and alert to the possible alienation of science and technology, and enhance the coupling with the real society.

The Production of Everyday Space for Workers: The New Village Movement in China, 1919–1936

Abstract The idea of a “new village” first emerged in the years 1919–20 and was widely discussed by Chinese intellectuals, who advocated for its humanitarian and social justice purposes and its goal of constructing a new society. This article focuses on the new village movement in China from 1919 to 1936, which was imagined and materialized by intellectuals, social reformers, and the Nationalist state in response to crises of capital accumulation, displacement of labor, and urbanization. New villages emerged as a worldwide sociopolitical response to exploitation and class antagonism—the worst effects of capital accumulation and the alienation of labor, under which the creation of everyday spaces for labor reproduction provided the key to constructing a new type of community for social transformation among migrant workers. Whereas the state and capital attempt to “pulverize” new villages into a manageable, calculable, and abstract grid, diverse social forces simultaneously attempt to create, defend, or extend spaces of social reproduction, everyday life, and grassroots control. Thus, the new village's anti-capitalism combined an eminently modern criticism of capitalism with the conservative recovery of an ideal rural community, in an attempt to overcome social inequality and the urban exploitation of the rural caused by capital accumulation.

Cinema and Surveillance Capitalism: Consumer Behaviorism and Labor Alienation in Paranoia 1.0 (2004) and The Circle (2017)

Cinema and Surveillance Capitalism: Consumer Behaviorism and Labor Alienation in Paranoia 1.0 (2004) and The Circle (2017)

Alienation of Labor in the Process of Digitalization of the Socio-Economic System: Problems and Solutions

The article is devoted to the current problem of alienation of labor in the process of digitalization of the socio-economic system. It is of paramount importance from the point of view of the very essence of a person and his place in the sphere of labor relations. The relevance of this article is due to the fact that in the process of digitalization of the economy there is a systematic decrease in the share of workers in the total number of employed. Thus, there is an increase in the effect of “alienation of labor”, which leads to degradation and loss of human essence as a whole, since labor activity is one of its primary qualities. The purpose of the article is to identify the place and role of a person in the conditions of transformation of the socio-economic system. In the course of the study, system analysis, induction, deduction, citation methods, situational analysis, analogy and dialectics were used. Today, many countries of the world attach great importance to the introduction of digital technologies in various areas of the economy, which is directly related to the stimulation of innovation, computerization and mechanization of the work of modern people. But, it is important to understand here that in the conditions of constant changes in the socio-economic system, it is the person who is the main subject of development, the actor of a powerful whole. He must participate in the processes that make up the sphere of his life, facilitate decision-making, as well as control them. It has been proved that a necessary condition for the development of the country in the process of transformation of the socio-economic system is the growth of investments in human potential, which ensures the fulfillment of natural rights to work and the very existence of the individual.

От труда – к искусству и обратно: К.Маркс, М. Дюшан, Б. Арватов, А. Гастев

The paper addresses the post-capitalist state of art and its main actors. An important role in the article is assigned to a return to the anthropological issues of post-anthropocentric art. In today's post-capitalist society, the role of art is being fundamentally transformed. There is now a different understanding of the very essence of what is commonly regarded as art, the work of the artist, and seen as an act of art. The aim of this article is to reactualise the impact of national research in the context of current trends in the aesthetic theory and to substantiate the perspective of this impact. In a situation where art is already thought of beyond the production of "creations" and beyond the professional work of the artist as a person who has specific craft skills. This article intends to clarify the relationship between perception and labor in the context of the artist's work and to substantiate the relationship between non-productive art and perceptive labor. In contemporary art theory, following the affective turn, the work of aesthetics is seen as being external to the original anthropologisation and psychologisation of aesthetic processes. It is important to demonstrate the specific impact of the representatives of the "productivist art" in overcoming the fetishisation of art. An important point of the article is that art is seen as a resource for overcoming alienated labor and the decapitalization of sensuality. The researchers return to the connection between art and labor on a new level. We show that, within the capitalist matrix, art only partially overcomes labor's alienation, while creative labor itself becomes alienated. The authors suggest that the next step is to turn attention to the Soviet tradition of the sociology of art, in particular, the productivist art and the Soviet organizational ideas of the 1920s. In the works of Boris Arvatov and Alexei Gastev, we see ways of making sense of the decapitalization of sensuality through the conscious construction and framing of the social, where the artist becomes the engineer of life, where labor becomes life, and the individual remains human.

Desire Under the Elms from the Perspective of Marx’s Theory of Alienation of Labour

尤金·奥尼尔；《榆树下的欲望》；马克思；异化劳动