Kyiv Research Articles

АНАЛІЗ ІННОВАЦІЙНОЇ ЕКОСИСТЕМИ УКРАЇНИ: РЕГІОНАЛЬНИЙ РОЗРІЗ

Recovery of the economic system of Ukraine on the basics of innovation - the main strategic tasks of today. The strategy of innovative development of Ukraine for the period up to 2030 will be implemented through low entry. The results of the implementation of the strategy will be an increase in the share of innovative products in the GDP of the country. Activation of the processes of innovation development within the framework of the national innovation system will help reach the goal. The basis of innovative transformations is the development of an innovative ecosystem on the national and regional level. Analysis and development of recommendations for optimizing the functioning of regional innovation ecosystems are important tasks for today. This article is dedicated to the analysis of the development of the innovative ecosystem of Ukraine on the regional level. The article analyzes the understanding of the innovation ecosystem. The innovation ecosystem is a combination of the state, business and research environment, organizational, regulatory, educational, methodological and financial resources and the introduction of a knowledge transfer mechanism for transformation into innovative products. The methodological basis for the selection of clusters according to the level of development of regional innovative ecosystems is substantiated in the article. The procedure of cluster analysis of the regions of Ukraine was carried out. The analysis procedure includes the observation of 9 analytical blocks, like warehouse regional innovative ecosystems. As a result of the development of the author's methodology, 6 clusters of regional innovation ecosystems have been established from the standpoint to the level of innovation activity. Leader regions and regions with a low level of innovation ecosystem development are identified. The city of Kiev has become a leader in the development of an innovative ecosystem of the region. A region with a low level of development of a regional innovative ecosystem is Volyn.

ФІНАНСОВЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ САНАТОРНО- КУРОРТНИХ ЗАКЛАДІВ В УКРАЇНІ: АНАЛІЗ СТАНУ ТА ШЛЯХИ ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ

The article highlights current issues that highlight the need for further development of the recreational business to maintain and increase human capital in Ukraine and the world. In order to assess the quality of financial support of sanatoriums in Ukraine, their distribution by ownership structure as of 2022 and analyzed the importance of key indicators of efficiency of sources of funding according to the financial statements of PJSC "Mirgorodkurort" and PJSC "Truskavetskurort". It has been established that in recent years the analyzed institutions were in unsatisfactory financial condition, primarily due to lack of working capital and low profitability or even unprofitable activities. A number of possible ways of increasing the volume of own financial resources from internal and external sources in terms of practical implementation by domestic sanatoriums have been proposed.

КОНЦЕПЦІЯ МІСЬКОГО МЕТАБОЛІЗМУ ЯК ПІДҐРУНТЯ ДЛЯ РОЗБУДОВИ ЦИРКУЛЯРНИХ МІСТ В УКРАЇНІ

The paper goal is to investigate the sustainability of Ukrainian cities from the perspective of urban metabolism model. Based on the study of the features and advantages of the concept of urban metabolism for the development of sustainable and circular cities, the authors applied and analyzed the integral indicators of resource consumption, waste production, economic functions of cities, and also analyzed the institutional capacities, plans and environmental policy measures of 14 regional centers of Ukraine. The scoring helps to determine the ratio of the urban metabolism indicators of the selected cities of Ukraine and to identify the main imbalances in the consumption and use of resources, as well as to identify the cities that require the activation of institutional support for sustainable development. The application of such method highlighted that the urban metabolism concept works and can be applied in conditions of insufficient data and statistical information, as it is now in Ukraine. In research result it is clear that Vinnytsia and Khmelnitskyi are the most sustainable among the selected cities from the perspective of circular economy. Rivne, Kharkiv and Dnipro are characterized by balanced flows, but have higher rates of resource consumption and waste production. Poltava, Odesa, Cherkasy and Sumy require significant environmental policy adjustments in relation to resource consumption and waste management. The capital of Ukraine, Kyiv occupies an average position among all cities, which is enhanced by significant economic and innovative development and high level of public environmental activity. The lowest level of anthropogenic pressure is observed in Chernivtsi.

Materiały do działalności sejmiku kijowskiego z II poł. XVII w. w księgach grodzkich dawnego województwa kijowskiego

The holdings of the Central State Historical Archives of Ukraine in Kyiv include the castrum records of the former Kievan palatinate. In the mid-nineteenth century, they were collected by the Russian government and deposited in the newly created archive. Those records have been maintained since 1566, the date of the major legal and political reforms in Lithuania. In particular, they include the records of the second half of the seventeenth century, when the palatinate dietine was held in Włodzimierz. The Kievan nobility prevailed in their desires to preserve the castrum records from destruction, and to have a revision carried out after the wars with the Cossacks and Muscovy, in accordance with the constitutions of 1658 and 1661. Judicial reforms have also been necessary, since Kyiv (the traditional seat of the courts) remained in the hands of Muscovy. The article discusses the resolves of the Kievan palatinate dietines regarding the revision of records, and the results of the query of the Żytomierz, Owrucz, and Kyiv castrum records from the exile period. The state of preservation of those records is presented on the basis of contemporary sources. These records were compared with the information from the contemporary inventory and an archival query conducted by the author /Annex II/. The records of Żytomierz and Owrucz are preserved partially. The Kyiv records predating 1648 were seized by Muscovy. After 1684, new Kyiv records collections has been established, which is still kept in the archives in Kyiv. The sources for the history of the sejmik of Kyiv, which can be found in these books, are presented in the article.

УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ДІЮЧОЇ СИСТЕМИ СПОСТЕРЕЖЕНЬ ЗА ЯКІСТЮ АТМОСФЕРНОГО ПОВІТРЯ В М. КИЄВІ У ВІДПОВІДНОСТІ ДО ВИМОГ ЄС

The paper is dedicated to the problems of the current system for atmospheric air quality monitoring which is operated by the national hydrometeorological service of Ukraine in Kyiv. The problems are discussed in the context of implementing the Directives of the European Parliament and the Council on ambient air quality. The improvement of the current monitoring system needs immediate solutions due to the nonconformity to modern requirements not only in Kyiv, but also on the entire Ukrainian territory. The study makes an attempt to define the main steps of network improvement and the optimization of air pollution measurement network using air pollution data from the archives of the Central Geophysical Observatory, pollutants’ emission, land-use/land cover and meteorological data for 2000-2019. We discuss main EU requirements for monitoring sites’ location, atmospheric air pollution and emission data. The analysis showed the necessity for preliminary urban field measurements before the establishment of monitoring sites. Depending on the wind regime, the new measurement network must take into account the prevailing synoptic processes for future understanding how air pollution is transported towards and outwards the urban area. Land-use/ land cover data derived from the Landsat allowed distinguishing residential areas, industrial zones, main roads, water bodies and green areas which is crucial for the selection of suitable places for monitoring sites. Using mentioned principles and requirements, we propose 15 monitoring sites for the improved air quality network in Kyiv. This number of sites are greater than EU Directives claimed because conclusions were made on theoretical estimations without field measurements. The presented list of the monitoring sites needs additional analysis of spatio-temporal pollutants’ distribution in combination with atmospheric modelling. However, the analysis considers actual residential areas and emission sources in the background of the modern wind regime in Kyiv.

ЗБЕРЕЖЕННЯ ТА РОЗВИТОК ЛЮДСЬКОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ УКРАЇНИ В СУЧАСНИХ УМОВАХ

The article analyses the process of transforming human potential into human capital, as well as the decisive role of human capital in the formation of a competitive economy. The issues of ensuring conditions, identifying problems and evaluating the prospects for the development of human capital in Ukraine are investigated. The aim of the article is to substantiate contradictions in the formation of human potential and human capital, to reveal and explaine the gap between them, to determine the type of their reproduction and to show some ways of their preservation and development in modern conditions. The hypothesis of the article is the assumption that the human potential formed as a result of the accumulation of knowledge, skills and experience does not guarantee that its bearers will receive higher incomes from labor. The transformation of human potential into human capital involves the process of capitalization of acquired knowledge, which is influenced by many objective and subjective factors. Research Methodology is based on classical human capital theory as well as contemporary approaches to human recourses development. In addition, the following methods were used in the research process: theoretical generalization (concept of human potential and human capital) analysis and synthesis (component structure of human potential, levels and phases and types of human potential reproduction), quantitative-qualitative analysis (determination of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of human potential), comparative analysis (studying and comparing human potential indicators in different countries), statistical analysis and sociological analysis (using data of statistics and sociological research). Findings include our propositions on creating jobs, establishing interaction between the labor market and the market of educational services, developing the infrastructure of the labor market, raising the standard of living of the population, limiting the unemployment rate, supporting motivation to work, and regulating population migration. These factors require special measures to create conditions for the transformation of human potential into human capital, as well as for the development of human capital in the economy of Ukraine.

Rodents of the family Gliridae in the collection of the Museum of Nature at V. N. Karazin University of Kharkiv

The family Gliridae is represented in the collection of the Museum of Nature (MNKU) by 39 specimens of 2 species that belong to two subfamilies. The species Glis glis is presented by three specimens, whereas Dryomys nitedula by 36 specimens. A complete list of specimens with all of their data (except body dimensions) is given. The oldest specimens in the collection are dated to the 19th and early 20th centuries: a mounted specimen of Dryomys nitedula was made in 1879; a mounted Glis glis specimen was made in 1879; two study skins of Dryomys nitedula were prepared in 1904 and 1908, respectively. Most collection specimens of glirids date back to the 1930s and 1940s. The geography of specimens covers the territory from Austria to Kazakhstan, Georgia, and Tajikistan. Most of the samples (33) were collected in Ukraine, of which 31 specimens of D. nitedula originates from Khar¬kiv Oblast and make up a substantial regional comparative sample. Thirteen specimens of D. nitedula represent animals born in captivity to two females captured in the wild; all of them are dated, which allows the pace of their development to be studied. The comparison of the Gliridae collection of MNKU with collections of three other museums of Ukraine — zoological department of the National Museum of Natural History NAS of Ukraine in Kyiv (NMNH), Zoological Museum of Lviv University (ZMD), and Zoological Museum of Luhansk University (ZMLU) — is presented. The MNKU collection ranks third after NMNH and ZMD by the number of species and specimens represented, but it is substantially ahead of ZMD by the number of D. nitedula specimens (33 against 7). The MNKU collection also includes more specimens of D. nitedula (4) from the Central Asian region (2 from Tajikistan and 2 from Kazakhstan); in other museums, there are only 3 specimens from Kyrgyzstan: 2 specimens in NMNH and 1 specimen in ZMD. Specimens of Gliridae dated to the 19th century are present only in the collection of MNKU. The collection material is both exhibited as mounted specimens and stored as study skins in scientific collections. The collection of the family Gliridae is in good condition and it can be used for scientific and educational purposes.

Features of the Implementation of Decommunization Policy of the Symbolic Space in Local Macrocommunities of Ukraine

The article analyzes the practices of local self-government in Ukraine in the field of decommunization of urban spaces in Kiev, Kharkov, Odessa, Dnieper. The peculiarities of the implementation of the policy of de-communization of the symbolic space indicate that since 2015, at the level of local macrocommunities, they have become public arenas of interpretations of the past. Their memorial symbolic structure reflects the competition between political actors representing competing commemorative orders. Local self-government practices have acquired their expressive specificity in each of the local macrocommunities. In particular, in Kiev, the policy of local self-government bodies is designated by us as “political”, which is associated with its status as the capital of Ukraine. It was this status that subordinated the symbolic space of local history and the retrospective reverse to historical names. Local authorities in Odessa and Kharkov carried out decommunization with the involvement, in addition to the political, pragmatic (Kharkov) and historical (Odessa) practices of renaming toponyms. Historical practice has become the core of the practice of decommunization of the symbolic space of the Dnieper. At the same time, local governments in all four cities of Ukraine were subjects of political competition (“symbolic struggle”) for the right to form and approve the idea of the legitimate order of the city's symbolic space. By referring to Ukraine's policy in the field of decommunization as one that has elements of symbolic violence, local governments fueled the social tension that accompanied the implementation of this policy.

Archaeology as a profession through the eyes of archaeologists

In Ukraine, the anthropology of science has not been studied for a long period but this field is actual because it gives a possibility to explore a process of scientific production and its influence on different sites of modern society. Since 2016 the survey has been provided by the author interviewing scholars who worked in archaeological establishments of Kiev, St. Petersburg (Leningrad), Moscow and other cities. The self-perception of the profession by archaeologists and the process of production and transfer of knowledge among the archaeological academic community have been studied. The aim of this article is to present the primary results of this research which is based on 8 semi-structured interviews. Respondents suppose that archaeologists need the same features as other scientists or even field researchers as well as some specific characters, e.g., a love to artifacts and a sense of style. All questioned people have agreed that there is a subdivision into field researchers and armchair scientists in archaeology. And most of the survey participants have confirmed the effect of the profession on everyday life because they have to spend a lot of time in the field. Discussing criteria of archaeological craftsmanship it has been stated that different criteria should be for field researchers and theorists. The skill to put new principal ideas forward based on archaeological records has been mentioned as a common criterion for both groups. It has been noted that university education and field practice play a central part in the transfer of professional archaeological knowledge. Leading archaeologists of that time have been designated as respondents’ tutors. All interviewees have reported on the existence of control over archaeological field documentation during the Soviet time and nowadays and the changes which have passed over the last 30 years. Difficulties with access to archaeological materials and archives have been mentioned too. In the respondents’ opinion, computer technologies implementation into archaeology and other innovations might be recognized as an effect of the scientific-technical revolution. Also, they have reported about a queue to publish research papers and books in the USSR. Now there are only limitations caused by financial problems. Only a few informants took part in international projects and went abroad in the Soviet time. Respondents from Russia have stated that there were fewer difficulties with access to foreign archaeological literature in the USSR than it was a total collapse in the 1990s and the situation becomes better now. It has been emphasized that all interviewees belong to one generation of scholars that’s why their experience is very similar despite their academic work in research centers of different cities but now it is possible to recognize changes caused by a separate development of archaeology in Ukraine and Russia. Key words: Soviet archaeology, anthropology of science, professional knowledge, professional identity, history of archaeology.

Natural reduction of Ukraine’s population: Regional dimensions of the national threat

A significant decline in Ukraine’s population is mainly due to its natural decrease, which began in the 1970s and 1980s in the rural areas and had been determined by the objective trends in demographic transition, the inertia effect of the demographic losses in the past and the social policy of the political regime at that time. Likewise, the social and economic crisis of the 1990s deepened the depopulation processes. In the present research, correlation analysis demonstrated a relationship between the current dimensions of natural population decline and a number of socio-demographic factors (proportion of the rural population, mean age of the population, divorce rate and the mean age at first marriage). In recent years, the effects of the demographic crisis have been particularly acute in North-eastern and Central Ukraine, due to the deepening disproportions in the age and sex structures of the population. However, in the capital of Ukraine, Kyiv, and in some western regions, the natural decrease in population is less acute because of more balanced social and demographic indicators. Although religious and ethnic factors contribute to some extent to greater natural population growth, especially in the western and south-western regions, their impact on the processes of population reproduction in Ukraine is generally not significant. To sum up, in order to stop natural population decline in Ukraine, it is important to ensure more favourable conditions for demographic development in the economic, social, informational and cultural spheres of society. Furthermore, in areas of acute demographic crisis, it is important to raise the issue of rural reconstruction involving a variety of organisational and economic mechanisms.

FEATURES OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF GALLSTONE DISEASE AND PREVENTION OF ITS COMPLICATIONS

The aim. To analyze the results of surgical treatment of gallstone disease (GD), methods of prevention of complications.
 Materials and methods. To analyze the results of surgical treatment of gallstone disease (GD), methods of preventing complications.
 Results and discussion. The data of 204 patients with GD who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) at the Kiev City Hospital No. 6 and the Medical Center “Universal Clinic Oberig” for 2018 were analyzed.
 Conclusions. The only radical method of treatment of CD is LC. To reduce the complications of LC, it is necessary to conduct the correct selection of patients and apply bail-out strategies to overcome complex LHE.

Epidemiology of intra-abdominal infiltrates and abscesses in patients with concomitant diseases and diabetes mellitus

The purpose ofthe work — to study the epidemiological factors in the development of primary and secondary intra-abdominal infiltrates, abscesses and fluid formations in patients with concomitant diseases and diabetes. Material and methods. In the clinic of the Department of Surgical Diseases No. 1, on the basis of the Center of Surgery of the Kiev City Clinical Hospital No. 1 from 2006 to 2019,218patients with primary and secondary intra-abdominal infiltrates, abscesses and fluid formations were treated. The patients’ age ranged from 16 to 85 years. There were 107 male patients (49.08 %), 111 female patients (50.92 %). X-ray examination was performed in 112 (51.38 %) patients, computed tomography (CT) in 25 (11.48 %),ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs for 105 (4816 %) patients. Anterior abdominal wall thermometry was performed in 76 (34.86 %) patients. Resultsand discussion. Depending on the cause of the development of intra-abdominal infiltrates, abscesses and fluid formations, the patients were divided into 4 groups. Patients of the first, second and third groups had primary intra-abdominal complications, and in the fourth group patients had secondary postoperative complications. The first group included 74 (33.94 %) patients suffering from a complicated course of destructive appendicitis. The second group included 48 (22.02 %) patients suffering from perforated gastric ulcer and 12 duodenal ulcer. The third group included 69 (31.65 %) patients suffering from cholecystitis and various types of complications. The fourth group included 27 (12.39 %) patients who underwent urgent surgery due to strangulated hernias, adhesive obstruction. The study of the scales showed that: in 87 (39.91 %) the weight was within normal limits, and in 131 (60.09 %) patients were overweight and obese. It was found that 126 (57.80 %) patients wore glasses. Diseases of the cardiovascular system and arterial pressure disorders according to the data of case histories and anamnesis had 123 (56.42 %) patients. Diabetes was diagnosed in 38 (17.43 %) patients. Diseases of the musculoskeletal system were diagnosed in 27 (12.38 %) patients, and 48 (22.02 %) patients suffered from flat feet of various stages. Primary intra-abdominal complications(infiltrates and abscesses) were diagnosed in 191 (3.48 %) patients out of 5483 urgent hospitalizations and operations, of which 74 (1.35 %) with appendicitis, 69 (1.26 %), perforated gastric ulcer and 12 duodenal ulcer in 48 (0.87 %) patients. Secondary postoperative infiltrates, abscesses and fluid formations were found in 27 (18.12 %) of 149 patients who had undergone urgent abdominal surgery (adhesive obstruction, incarcerated and postoperative hernias, etc.), and in 29 (15.18 %) of 191 patients who underwent surgery for primary intra-abdominal complications of the underlying disease and urgent surgery. Diabetes mellitus was diagnosed in 38 (17.4 3%) patients, and therefore all patients who are hospitalized in an urgent and planned manner must undergo a comprehensive clinical and laboratory examination with the determination of blood sugar. The presence of established diabetes mellitus requires the consultation of an endocrinologist, and during the operation it is advisable and necessary to correct glycemic and volemic disorders, which continues until the restoration of vital functions and stabilization of the general condition of the patient. Intra-abdominal complications occurred on the background of concomitant diseases: overweight in 28.44 %, visual impairment in 57.80 %, diseases of the cardiovascular system and arterial pressure disorders in 56.42 %, diseases of the musculoskeletal system in 12.38 %, which indicates the need for an individual approach in the treatment of each patient.

Порівняльний аналіз основних показників здоров’я населення та кадрового забезпечення діабетологічної допомоги в Київській області за умов впровадження медико-технологічних документів (2010–2012 рр. і 2012–2014 рр.)

Аналіз результатів впровадження медико-технологічних документів залишається актуальною проблемою в різних країнах світу. Мета — провести порівняльний аналіз основних показників здоров’я населення та кадрового забезпечення діабетологічної допомоги за 2010–2012 рр. і 2012–2014 рр. за умов впровадження уніфікованого клінічного протоколу з надання медичної допомоги хворим на цукровий діабет (ЦД) 2-го типу (наказ МОЗ України від 21 грудня 2012 р. № 1118) в Київській області та Україні. Матеріали та методи. Аналіз даних статистичних звітів медичних закладів відповідно до чинних форм звітності. Статистичний аналіз проведений за допомогою Excel 2007, SPSS. Результати. Забезпеченість ендокринологами на 10 тис. дорослого населення в Київській області за 2012–2014 рр. змінилась статистично несуттєво (на 7,5 % — з 0,40 до 0,43 на 10 тис. дорослого населення), в той час як забезпеченість лікарями загальної практики — сімейними лікарями вірогідно збільшилась на 140,57 % (з 1,06 до 2,55 0/000 (р < 0,01)). Показник поширеності ЦД у цілому вірогідно зростав, але за 2012–2014 рр. у Київській області темпи приросту захворюваності стабілізувались (2012 р. — 27,39; 2014 р. — 27,06 0/000, приріст –1,2 %), досягнувши рівня всеукраїнського показника. При аналізі показника захворюваності на ускладнення ЦД по Київській області відбулося його вірогідне зменшення на 5,02 % за 2012–2014 рр. (з 9,17 до 8,71 0/000, р < 0,01), як і в Україні, — на 12,09 % (з 8,6 до 7,56 0/000, р < 0,01). Відсоток госпіталізації хворих на ЦД у Київській області за 2012–2014 рр. вірогідно зменшився (р < 0,01), первинна інвалідність мала тенденцію до зменшення, вірогідно зменшився показник смертності на 8,33 % (p < 0,01). Висновок. Впровадження медико-технологічних документів із надання медичної допомоги хворим на ЦД 2-го типу мало позитивний ефект.

Assessment of environmental risks of underground transport infrastructure development by BOCR method

Formulation of the problem. Solving the problems of urban transport communications, in particular the constantly growing intensity of automobile traffic in megalopolises, is one of the main directions of minimizing the environmental and man-made risks of the urban environment. Global concepts of greening large cities pay considerable attention to the possibilities of underground space to take on the functions of the most dangerous and risky surface objects and communications, since the impact of any underground object on the environment is much lower (than similar on the surface) and can be better controlled. At the same time, planning for the development of underground transport infrastructure should be based on a systematic methodology and tools for analyzing complex systems. Purpose. It consists in the use of system tools (BOCR method - criteria of benefits, opportunities, costs and risks) for planning underground transport infrastructure of large cities to ensure minimization of environmental and man-made risks of urban space and prioritization for the construction of road tunnels (for example, the General Plan of the Kiev city). Methodology. A methodology and decision support toolkit for calculating the priorities of alternatives based on hierarchical and network criteria models are proposed. The modified BOCR method developed by the authors (N. Pankratova, N.I. Nedashkovskaya) was applied to assess decision alternatives taking into account benefits, costs, opportunities and risks. Results. System models of two road tunnels, according to the General plan of the Kiev city until 2025 were developed. Assessment of the models using the BOCR method (criteria for benefits, opportunities, costs and risks) was performed. The priorities of alternatives for tunnels' routes aggregated over a network of parameters and a reasonably expedient sequence of their construction were calculated according to the criteria for reducing the environmental and man-made risks of the urbanized space. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the target function of the system model for the development of underground infrastructure in large cities is to minimize the environmental and man-made risks of urban space. The capabilities of the modified BOCR method have been expanded and two alternative tunnel track models have been successfully tested. Practical significance. The research methods and results provide investors, city state administrations and public organizations with an effective toolkit for assessing the priority of the construction of underground urban facilities to regulate urban development in order to improve environmental standards and the safety of life in megacities.

PROPAGATION, TROPHIC CONNECTION AND PHENOLOGY OF <i>METCALFA PRUINOSA</i> (SAY, 1830) (AUCHENORRHYNCHA: HEMIPTERA) IN N.N. GRYSHKO NATIONAL BOTANICAL GARDEN OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF UKRAINE

In May 2016, larvae of the invasive species Metcalfa pruinosa (Say, 1830) were recorded for the first time on the territory of the botanical-geographic area ‘The Far East’ in the N.N. Gryshko National Botanical Garden, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine in Kyiv. During five years of observations, the insect managed to expand its range to other areas of the Botanical Garden and adjacent territories, where it reached a high population density. It is still the northernmost point of the insect’s detection on the territory of Ukraine. The range of M. pruinosa host plants was examined. The species lives on a large number of ornamental and synanthropic plants, fruit and vegetable crops which belong to 80 species from 55 families. The most susceptible to colonization by citrus cicada are: Rosaceae - 18 species, Aceraceae - 5 species, Oleacea e - 4 plant species. It has been found out that M. pruinosa has one generation per year. In the first decade of May, the appearance of cicada larvae is observed. The first adults are recorded in early or mid-July, depending on the meteorological conditions of the year. The complete disappearance of adults is observed at the end of August. The insect's development is limited by a minimum air temperature of 17-20 °С. In the future, it is necessary to monitor and analyze comprehensively those various factors that may affect the emergence, propagation, and survival of M. pruinosa on new territories.

Personal income taxation in the human capital development incentive

The article substantiates the opportunities for stimulating the human capital development through personal income taxation in Ukraine. The need for constant investments in the human capital for improvement of its quality has been substantiated by conceptual provisions of the human capital theory and empiric researches of its influence on economic growth. The completed analysis of theoretical concepts and practical use of income taxes worldwide allows substantiating the fact that concept of a flat income taxation can be successfully used to promote the human capital development. However, the analysis of income tax systems abroad shows that separate taxation tools for personal income, including tax allowances for education, are more efficient. This is especially typical for developing countries. In estimating investments in the human capital in Ukraine, it is found out that the share of working population with high skills increases against the decreasing actual expenses for higher education. In a meantime, foreign countries demonstrate the other economically correct dependence: the qualification level increases as real expenses to gain it increase. The analysis of real national expenses in Ukraine for one student and in the country in general also demonstrate their decrease. This proves the presence of problems in Ukraine that relate to financing the system of higher education. The methods of economic and mathematical simulation by building and parametrizing a number of functions allowed to substantiate the influence of investments in human education on the increase of the highly skilled labor, which in turn leads to the GDP growth. A scientific and methodical approach has been developed, based on the algorithm that takes into account the influence of the highly skilled labor factor (considering expenses for gaining the qualification) on the GDP level. This approach allows estimating the effectiveness of expenses on tax allowances and expediency of their use to promote investments in higher education in Ukraine. The economic consequences of the human capital development incentive by introducing tax allowances in Ukraine have been estimated. It is established that if the state increases expenses for higher education by granting allowances, the share of working population with high skills increases, thereby causing the GDP to grow by means of increasing employment level. However, it has been found out that the expenses for tax allowances are reimbursed only in the case where investments in fixed assets increase and amount no less than 25 % of the GDP.

The authenticity of Ukrainian studies in the scientific work of Petro Kononenko

The article reveals the main milestones of the 90-year life and scientific work of Petro Petrovich Kononenko - Doctor of Philology, Professor, prominent Ukrainian scholar, literary critic, writer and playwright, initiator of the Ukrainian National Lyceum, founder and director of the National Research Institute of Ukraine. The often mentioned village of Markivtsi, Bobrovytsia district, Chernihiv region, where P. Kononenko was born on May 31, 1931, is the cradle, the first sounds, the first words of the Ukrainian language, and the first knowledge of Ukraine in native people - all for the first time and all native. Milestones in life are graduating from high school in his native village, Faculty of Philology of Taras Shevchenko Kyiv State University, obtaining the degrees of candidate, doctor of philology, academic titles of associate professor and professor, work as head of the Department of History of Ukrainian Literature, dean of the Faculty of Philology. Research Institute of Ukrainian Studies. Researchers of his work M. Velychko and M. Slavynsky define the creative mission and works of PP Kononenko as follows: poet, prose writer, playwright, literary critic and literary critic, whose works have been translated into English, Bulgarian, Spanish, German, Polish, Croatian, Georgian. Tatar and other languages. Author of almost 1000 scientific publications and 50 monographs, including: “In Search of the Essence”, “Village in Ukrainian Literature”, “Ukrainian Literature: Problems of Development”, textbook for higher education institutions “Ukrainian Studies”, “Love Your Ukraine…”, “ Mykhailo Hrushevsky ”,“ The Phenomenon of the Ukrainian Language ”,“ Ukrainian Ethnos: Genesis and Perspectives ”,“ National Idea, Nation, Nationalism ”,“ We ??Have One Ukraine ”(books I, II, III) - co-authored with Taras Kononenko, “Ukrainian land and people in world civilization and culture” (books I, II), “Ukrainians in world civilization and culture. The historical phenomenon of Stepan Bandera “. The works of the recognized master of the word include the tragedy “Mary on Calvary”, selected “Voices in the Desert”, a collection of poems “Sunny Phoenix”. On the eve of P. Kononenko’s 90th birthday, his large-format four-volume memoir and reflections “One Hundred Years - One Hundred Roads… Ukraine and Ukrainian Studies: Origin - Executions - Resurrection” were published. In addressing the readers of the four-volume book, the content of which is reviewed in the article, P. Kononenko calls his work a reflection on Ukraine and the science of Ukrainian studies in intellectual, mental, experiential and mental perception, and thus interpretation, predictability and planning of the future. The personal perception of Ukraine by the author of the four-volume book, world Ukrainians, Ukrainian studies, the fate of Ukraine as the fate of everyone, its role and mission in intellectual-logical and emotional-emotional phenomenality, interdependence of historical and psychological perspectives, philosophical-ideological and psychological-cultural assessment and opportunities for human progress. Among the real characters of the four-volume book, the article reveals the psychology of “residents of profit and career, adapters”, who grew in the tragic circumstances of foreign colonization of Ukraine, the beginning in January 1972 in Kiev and other cities of Ukraine mass arrests of Ukrainian KGB poets, artists, students, to whom P. Kononenko is almost the first among other authors. The origin of the idea and foundation of the Institute of Ukrainian Studies, an example of which was created by Omelyan Prytsak for the preservation and development of Ukrainian cultural heritage “Institute of Ukrainian Studies” at Harvard University, “School Board” in the US and Canada, which manages schools of Ukrainian studies, development of the Center 1988 at the Faculty of Philology of the Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, and with it the Institute of Ukrainian Studies and its state status. The chronology of the transformation of this scientific institution into the Research Institute of Ukrainian Studies in the sphere of management of the Ministry of Education and Science and the transfer of the building at 18 Isaakyana Street in Kyiv for its placement are given. The reasons for counteracting the institutional development of Ukrainian studies in modern Ukraine, which still preserves the Soviet system of organization of communist-style science, further strengthened by its communist and post-communist functionaries, are analyzed. P. Kononenko’s reasoning that the phenomenon of synthesis of Ukrainian studies should be anthropology, and the generator of knowledge - the Institute of Man. The conclusions consider the achievements of the future, which include the causal conditionality of Ukrainian authenticity at each stage of the favorable historical development of the Ukrainian nation, determined by the functioning of statehood in the exercise of its protective function.

The principle of creative self-activity

The article reveals the main milestones of the 90-year life and scientific work of Petro Petrovich Kononenko - Doctor of Philology, Professor, prominent Ukrainian scholar, literary critic, writer and playwright, initiator of the Ukrainian National Lyceum, founder and director of the National Research Institute of Ukraine. The often mentioned village of Markivtsi, Bobrovytsia district, Chernihiv region, where P. Kononenko was born on May 31, 1931, is the cradle, the first sounds, the first words of the Ukrainian language, and the first knowledge of Ukraine in native people - all for the first time and all native. Milestones in life are graduating from high school in his native village, Faculty of Philology of Taras Shevchenko Kyiv State University, obtaining the degrees of candidate, doctor of philology, academic titles of associate professor and professor, work as head of the Department of History of Ukrainian Literature, dean of the Faculty of Philology. Research Institute of Ukrainian Studies. Researchers of his work M. Velychko and M. Slavynsky define the creative mission and works of PP Kononenko as follows: poet, prose writer, playwright, literary critic and literary critic, whose works have been translated into English, Bulgarian, Spanish, German, Polish, Croatian, Georgian. Tatar and other languages. Author of almost 1000 scientific publications and 50 monographs, including: “In Search of the Essence”, “Village in Ukrainian Literature”, “Ukrainian Literature: Problems of Development”, textbook for higher education institutions “Ukrainian Studies”, “Love Your Ukraine…”, “ Mykhailo Hrushevsky ”,“ The Phenomenon of the Ukrainian Language ”,“ Ukrainian Ethnos: Genesis and Perspectives ”,“ National Idea, Nation, Nationalism ”,“ We ??Have One Ukraine ”(books I, II, III) - co-authored with Taras Kononenko, “Ukrainian land and people in world civilization and culture” (books I, II), “Ukrainians in world civilization and culture. The historical phenomenon of Stepan Bandera “. The works of the recognized master of the word include the tragedy “Mary on Calvary”, selected “Voices in the Desert”, a collection of poems “Sunny Phoenix”. On the eve of P. Kononenko’s 90th birthday, his large-format four-volume memoir and reflections “One Hundred Years - One Hundred Roads… Ukraine and Ukrainian Studies: Origin - Executions - Resurrection” were published. In addressing the readers of the four-volume book, the content of which is reviewed in the article, P. Kononenko calls his work a reflection on Ukraine and the science of Ukrainian studies in intellectual, mental, experiential and mental perception, and thus interpretation, predictability and planning of the future. The personal perception of Ukraine by the author of the four-volume book, world Ukrainians, Ukrainian studies, the fate of Ukraine as the fate of everyone, its role and mission in intellectual-logical and emotional-emotional phenomenality, interdependence of historical and psychological perspectives, philosophical-ideological and psychological-cultural assessment and opportunities for human progress. Among the real characters of the four-volume book, the article reveals the psychology of “residents of profit and career, adapters”, who grew in the tragic circumstances of foreign colonization of Ukraine, the beginning in January 1972 in Kiev and other cities of Ukraine mass arrests of Ukrainian KGB poets, artists, students, to whom P. Kononenko is almost the first among other authors. The origin of the idea and foundation of the Institute of Ukrainian Studies, an example of which was created by Omelyan Prytsak for the preservation and development of Ukrainian cultural heritage “Institute of Ukrainian Studies” at Harvard University, “School Board” in the US and Canada, which manages schools of Ukrainian studies, development of the Center 1988 at the Faculty of Philology of the Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, and with it the Institute of Ukrainian Studies and its state status. The chronology of the transformation of this scientific institution into the Research Institute of Ukrainian Studies in the sphere of management of the Ministry of Education and Science and the transfer of the building at 18 Isaakyana Street in Kyiv for its placement are given. The reasons for counteracting the institutional development of Ukrainian studies in modern Ukraine, which still preserves the Soviet system of organization of communist-style science, further strengthened by its communist and post-communist functionaries, are analyzed. P. Kononenko’s reasoning that the phenomenon of synthesis of Ukrainian studies should be anthropology, and the generator of knowledge - the Institute of Man. The conclusions consider the achievements of the future, which include the causal conditionality of Ukrainian authenticity at each stage of the favorable historical development of the Ukrainian nation, determined by the functioning of statehood in the exercise of its protective function.

LINEAR ZONING IN THE STUDY OF FUNCTIONAL STREET`S POTENTIAL (THE CASE OF ACADEMICIAN VERNADSKY BOULEVARD, KYIV)

The article considers the linear zoning on the example of one of the Kyiv boulevards on the basis of the new methodological approaches adapted to the capital of Ukraine. The research makes it possible to determine the functional content, development peculiarities and transport infrastructure of the street as an urban area. The article provides recommendations for improving the functional zone of the territory and its detailed planning.

Попытки реформирования вторичной стационарной медицинской помощи в пилотных регионах Украины и их результаты

Актуальность научного исследования обусловлена необходимостью аналитического обобщения наработанного опыта реформирования отечественной вторичной медицинской помощи. Пилотным проектом реформирования вторичной стационарной медицинской помощи в Украине были охвачены Винницкая, Днепропетровская, Донецкая области и г. Киев, где происходили определенные Законом «О порядке проведения реформирования системы здравоохранения в Винницкой, Днепропетровской, Донецкой областях и городе Киеве» от 07.07.2011 г. № 3612-VI [2] и постановлением Кабинета Министров Украины от 24.10.2012 г. № 1113 «Об утверждении Порядка образования госпитальных округов в Винницкой, Днепропетровской, Донецкой областях и городе Киеве» [1] структурно-организационные и функциональные преобразования системы медицинского обслуживания, в частности ее стационарного сектора. Целью определенных преобразований стало расширение возможностей оказания доступной качественной медицинской помощи населению через повышение эффективности использования бюджетных средств, внедрения новых подходов к организации работы учреждений здравоохранения. Целью исследования стало проведение анализа результатов реформирования вторичной стационарной помощи в пилотных регионах для планирования правильных постепенных шагов регионального реформирования с учетом полученных результатов пилота в определенных областях и городе Киеве, в частности. Материалы и методы. В процессе исследования были использованы методы структурного и логического анализа, семантического оценивания медицинских, научных и нормативно-правовых документов. Результаты. Для эффективного оказания вторичной медицинской помощи, в частности ее стационарного сектора, на территории пилотных регионов законодательно было определено образование госпитальных округов с функциональным объединением учреждений здравоохранения, оказывающих вторичную стационарную медицинскую помощь. Значительная работа была проведена по разделению функций первичной и вторичной медицинской помощи, но не во всех пилотных регионах были образованы такие функционально-структурные единицы, как госпитальный округ, каждая область имела свои особенности организации оказания вторичной стационарной медицинской помощи, которые в дальнейшем необходимо учитывать. Выводы. Установлено, что выбранное направление реформирования вторичной медицинской помощи, в частности ее стационарного сектора по модели госпитальных округов не нашло широкого внедрения в пилотных регионах. В Винницкой области образованные госпитальные округа не обеспечили положенную на них функцию повышения качества медицинской помощи при условии рационального использования материально-технических ресурсов, поскольку мощность больницы интенсивного лечения (БИЛ) и больницы планового лечения (БПЛ) и численность населения, которое они обслуживают, не соответствуют экономически обоснованным рекомендованным европейским нормативам.