Knowledge-based Economy Research Articles

Global education trajectories and inequality: STEM workers from China to the US

ABSTRACT The United States has become reliant on workers from abroad to meet its demand for the knowledge-based economy. However, some migrants may face an earnings deficit relative to similar US-born workers. This paper examines the sources of the deficit and asks whether we should expect the initial deficit to disappear with education attainment and work experience in the US. They are challenging to answer as few data sources measure and track market experiences and educational trajectories of migrants over time. Migration and educational trajectories which reflect the country's source of formal educational credentials as well as other forms of capital may explain the deficit, this study applies sequence analysis to the National Science Foundation’s ‘National College Graduate Survey’ to examine earnings differences between China- and US-born STEM workers. After identifying the dominant migration-education profiles for these STEM workers, I show that the wages of migrants with exclusively China-based education are 5–25% lower than those of workers with at least some US-based education, even among workers who are otherwise similar in terms of experience, legal status, employer type, occupation, degree level and time since migration. These findings point to significant and lasting penalties due to non-US education.

Knowledge creation, knowledge impact and knowledge diffusion: how do they connect with higher education?

Knowledge-based economy causes changes in the higher education system: university graduates must have the ability to constantly learn and improve their skills, generate and disseminate new knowledge, form and multiply the knowledge capital of business. This paper aims to investigate a pairwise interconnection between higher education indicators and sets of parameters characterizing knowledge creation, impact, and diffusion. The following higher education indicators are used: expenditure on education, tertiary enrollment, graduates in science and engineering, tertiary inbound mobility, researcher, gross expenditure on R&D, top 3 global corporate R&D investors, top 3QS university ranking. Knowledge creation indicators are patents by origin, PCT patents by origin, utility models by origin, scientific and technical articles, citable documents, H-index. Knowledge impact is characterized through labor productivity growth, new businesses, software spending, ISO 9001 quality certificates, high-tech manufacturing. Knowledge diffusion parameters include intellectual property receipts, production and export complexity, high-tech exports, ICT services exports. The information base of the study is the data of the Global Innovation Index Report from the World Intellectual Property Organization for 40 European countries (selected depending on the availability of statistics) for 2022, research method – Canonical Correlation Analysis. The strongest positive correlation was found between higher education indicators and knowledge creation parameters. The second position takes connection between higher education indicators and knowledge diffusion parameters, the third – between higher education indicators and knowledge impact indicators. Among the higher education indicators, the most significant were gross expenditure on R&D, top 3 global corporate R&D investors, top 3 QS university ranking.

The Capital-Labor Problem in Academic Knowledge Production

This theoretical essay critically examines the intricate relationship between academic knowledge production, academic capital accumulation, and the pervasive influence of neo-liberalization within the contemporary knowledge-based society and economy. After introducing the concepts of academic capital and academic labor, the paper identifies a concerning emphasis on academic capital in the world system of academic knowledge production, where qualifications from prestigious institutions disproportionately influence career opportunities, mobility, and research funds. The essay argues that while there is ongoing criticism regarding the neo-liberalization of academia, a related phenomenon, namely the prestige economy, remains oftentimes uncovered. The paper ultimately highlights the adverse consequences of a capital-centric academic environment, urging for a more balanced approach that prioritizes knowledge diversity, internationalization, and localized research initiatives, countering the homogenizing forces of the prestige economy within global higher education, and puts more emphasis on the production of labor than on academic capital.

ACCOUNTANTS AND ETHICAL ISSUES: TRENDS AND PROBLEMS

In the knowledge-based economy, accounting information is increasingly important. Decisions made by users of accounting information are generated by the accounting information system. This paper provides an overview of the literature dealing with attitudes and value judgments on the importance of ethical issues for the accounting profession. The ethical dimension of this process is observed triply: from the point of view of the accounting profession, from the point of view of the ethical tone at the top of the organization itself, and from the point of view of the academic community.

Research on the Influence of Corporate Culture Innovation on Corporate Management Innovation in The Era of Knowledge Economy

Entering the era of knowledge-based economy, enterprise competition is quietly transforming, and enterprise management and culture construction become especially critical. Enterprise culture innovation can not only improve the overall efficiency of enterprises, but also provide solid support for long-term stable growth of enterprises. This paper analyzes the necessity of enterprise culture innovation and enterprise management innovation according to the related contents of enterprise culture and enterprise culture innovation, and studies the influence of enterprise culture innovation on management innovation, the problems and countermeasures in the innovation process, in order to better help enterprises formulate effective business strategies and countermeasures to promote sustainable development of enterprises.

Skilled US migrants in the Pearl River Delta region: the rise of an intellectual gateway in China

ABSTRACT The increasing globalization and rising knowledge-based economy have created a higher-than-ever demand for skilled workers. China, among some Global South countries, is joining the race for talent to alleviate the brain drain. Using the conceptual framework of ‘intellectual migration’, this study examines how the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region of China is increasingly becoming an ‘intellectual gateway’ that attracts and retains skilled international migrants. Drawing on 58 semi-structured interviews with skilled US migrants in this region, this article addresses the following research questions: (1) Why do skilled US migrants choose the region as their migration destination; and (2) As a rising intellectual gateway, how does the PRD region shape the integration of skilled US migrants? Our findings suggest that the PRD region’s knowledge-based economy and socio-cultural environment serve as strong magnets that attract skilled US migrants. These factors are critical to the structural and socio-cultural integration of skilled international migrants. The research advances the intellectual migration framework by providing empirical evidence on the geography of intellectual migration in a fast-growing megalopolis in the Global South, demonstrating the diversity of intellectual migrants and intellectual gateways. Policy implications include supporting the synergy of structural and socio-cultural integration of global talent.

Accessing childcare: Parents’ logistical challenges and gender equality

Accessing childcare: Parents’ logistical challenges and gender equality Prof Ingela Naumann from the University of Fribourg, explains why reducing parents’ logistical challenges in coordinating work and childcare matters for gender equality. Over the last two decades, we have seen an extensive expansion of early childhood education and care (ECEC) services across the countries of the OECD. A novel and ground-breaking consensus amongst policymakers and society had emerged by the beginning of the 21st century that ECEC is an essential pillar of our knowledge-based economies (see, e.g. European Commission 2018): they benefit children by fostering good child development – if the provided services are of good quality – thus supporting positive life courses and productivity of future generations; they help parents to remain active in the labour market, thus contributing to the prevention of family/child poverty and, again, boosting productivity.

Determinants of Big Data Analytics (BDA) Adoption among Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs)

Businesses must be innovative in the current "knowledge-based economy" if they intend to create and maintain a competitive advantage over rivals. The adoption of big data analytics (BDA) is thus revolutionary for precise decision-making and top performance in the present industrial environment. BDA application has attracted interest particularly due to the prospects and benefits that may be realized from its utilization in both academic and practical circles. Nevertheless, its adoption in small and medium-sized (SME) businesses is unknown thus far, prompting this study. To determine the determinants influencing SME preparedness to adopt BDA, the current study used the Technology Organization Environment (TOE) framework. The results supported the positive effects of BDA adoption on organizational marketing and financial performance in SMEs. Hence, understanding the factors influencing BDA acceptance enables managers to undertake the right initiatives, which are essential for its successful implementation. The outcomes also render it possible for BDA service providers to draw in and spread its prevalence among SME businesses.

Qatar's Path to a Knowledge-Based Economy: A Content Analysis of Entrepreneurship Training Initiatives

In its pursuit of economic diversification and the transformation towards a knowledge-based economy, Qatar has acknowledged the pivotal role of entrepreneurship as a driving force for innovation and economic advancement. This study presents a content analysis endeavour that delves into the significance of entrepreneurship training in shaping Qatar's journey towards the knowledge-based economy. By examining aspects such as program design, content, trainer profiles, and teaching methodologies within entrepreneurship training programs, this investigation aims to uncover the influence of these initiatives on Qatar's strategy for economic diversification. Notably, the research findings underscore a dominance of entrepreneurial and business management skills in the content of entrepreneurship training, while academic trainers employing traditional educational methods are prevalent among training institutions. Against the backdrop of entrepreneurship training preceding formal education, this research endeavours to illuminate the roles played by entrepreneurship skills, business and management expertise, and innovation capabilities in elevating Qatar's competitive stance and fostering a knowledge-driven economy. This inquiry addresses a research gap by responding to the limited literature concerning the intersection of training and knowledge economy within the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region. Through meticulous content analysis and insights drawn from prior research, the study offers substantiated perspectives that can inform the development and refinement of forthcoming entrepreneurship training programs. This research initiative enriches the expanding knowledge reservoir by providing a comprehensive comprehension of the alignment between entrepreneurship training and Qatar's ambitions for a competitive knowledge-based economic landscape.

Patent citations and knowledge spillovers: an empirical analysis of Indian patents

ABSTRACT This study uses patent citations data to measure knowledge spillovers at three levels: inventor, firm, and technology. We have collected Indian patents data granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) and their backward citations from 1990 to 2019. To conduct our empirical analysis, we apply the Negative Binomial (NB) and Generalised Negative Binomial Model (GNBM). To account for other factors influencing knowledge spillovers, we control for patent inventor size, applicant size, patent scope, and claims. Our findings show that US-origin inventors outperform Indian and European inventors in terms of knowledge spillover from patent citations. Similarly, US firms show better knowledge spillover performance than Indian firms, foreign firms, Indian research centres, and other ownership categories. Lastly, the knowledge spillovers in chemistry technology patents are high compared to mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, and other technology categories from existing patent stock. The emperical finding of our study suggests that the government can promote knowledge spillovers from patent citations and advance India towards a knowledge-based economy by attracting foreign inventors and firms in the country, investing in domestic R&D, and developing human capital.

Linking Social Capital, Knowledge Sharing, and Individual Outcomes: Future Research Agenda

In today's knowledge-based economy, knowledge sharing is essential for organizations to be successful. However, knowledge sharing can be challenging due to a lack of trust, fear of losing power or status, cultural barriers, and lack of incentives. This study aims to create a conceptual model to understand better the relationship between social capital and the knowledge sharing process. We use a literature review approach to understand what comes before and after knowledge sharing. By looking at existing research, we want to find out the things that lead to knowledge sharing and the results of it. This helps us get a full picture of how sharing knowledge works and what factors play a role The study will examine how social capital dimensions (structural capital, relational capital, and cognitive capital) affect knowledge collecting and knowledge. The findings of this study will help practitioners and managers to create an environment that encourages people to share their knowledge, leading to increased innovation, productivity, and decision-making effectiveness.

Education for sustainable development and global citizenship education in the GCC: a systematic literature review

ABSTRACT Countries in the Gulf Corporation Council (GCC) are undergoing tremendous social and economic change in a bid to transform their societies into thriving knowledge-based economies embedded within the global system. Education is at the heart of the agenda. This has led to sweeping, mainly neo-liberal educational reforms. Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) and, to a lesser extent global citizenship education (GCED), is a vital part of this shift to achieve post-carbon economies and economic diversification. This paper is a systematic literature review of ESD and GCED in the GCC. It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art and identify common themes, issues, and challenges in implementing ESD and GCED in the region. One important finding is that the vast majority of current studies focus on the multiple dimensions inside educational institutes, such as their students, faculty and curricula. New lines of research might explore alternative means for education and shaping people’s worldviews outside traditional educational settings. The second significant finding is that despite Gulf-specific trends, the broad overarching challenges, bottlenecks, and recommendations are strikingly similar to other countries, particularly Europe. This indicates a deeper structural and epistemological crisis within modern education systems itself.

Introducing Systematic Patent Analysis as an Innovative Pedagogy Tool/Experiential Learning Project in HE Institutes and Universities to Boost Awareness of Patent-based IPR

Purpose: Research on Patent Analysis as an Innovative Pedagogy Tool/Experiential Learning Project in HE Institutes and Universities to Boost Awareness of Patent-based IPR" is being done to determine whether or not using patent analysis as a novel pedagogical strategy in higher education institutions is effective. Through hands-on interaction with actual patent data, this study seeks to determine how incorporating patent analysis into the academic curriculum can improve experiential learning and promote a deeper understanding of intellectual property rights (IPR). This study aims to contribute valuable insights that can guide educational practices, equip students with the necessary skills for the knowledge-based economy, and ultimately encourage innovation and entrepreneurship within the classroom by examining the effect of this novel pedagogy on students' awareness and comprehension of patent-related IPR. Method: An exploratory research method is used. The relevant information for exploring our idea of systematic patent analysis as an innovative pedagogy tool and experiential learning project in higher education institutions and universities are collected from scholarly articles using the Google search engine, Google Scholar search engine, and AI-based GPTs. Result and Discussion: The procedure for systematic patent analysis as an innovative pedagogy tool in the classroom and as a method of experiential learning for the students to create awareness, to convert their ideas into product or process-based patents during their studies in higher education institutions. The advantages, benefits, constraints, and disadvantages of adopting systematic patent analysis are analysed. The future implications and impact of systematic patent analysis as a pedagogical tool or experiential learning method are discussed. Originality/Value: Implementing a structured approach to patent analysis within higher education institutions facilitates the enhancement of meaningful contributions to the creation of innovative products or processes, thereby advancing the generation of new intellectual property rights (IPR) both for the institution and the nation. Type of the Research: Exploratory Research.

Academic mobility from a big data perspective

AbstractUnderstanding the careers and movements of highly skilled people plays an ever-increasing role in today’s global knowledge-based economy. Researchers and academics are sources of innovation and development for governments and institutions. Our study uses scientific-related data to track careers evolution and Researchers’ movements over time. To this end, we define the Yearly Degree of Collaborations Index, which measures the annual tendency of researchers to collaborate intra-nationally, and two scores to measure the mobility in and out of countries, as well as their balance.

Greening the knowledge-based economies: Harnessing natural resources and innovation in information and communication technologies for green growth

The quest for green growth through the sustainable use of natural resources (NRs) and innovation in information and communication technologies (IICTs) has gained the utmost significance in the modern era, and the knowledge-based economies (KBEs) have been at the leading edge of embracing sustainable methods for accomplishing sustainable development objectives. However, the relationship between NRs, IICTs, and green growth remain unexplored. This study evaluates the impact of IICTs and NRs, alongside other key factors such as contractionary export policy (CEP), expansionary export policy (EEP), fossil fuels consumption (FFC), the labor force (LF), and gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) on green growth. Findings confirm that IICTs, NRs, GFCF, LF, and EEP positively affect green growth. The current research employs Slope homogeneity test, cross-sectional dependency test, Westerlund and Edgerton cointegration test, and cross-sectional augmented autoregressive distributed lag estimator to achieve the study's objective. These results highlight the significance of integrating environmentally conscious procedures and relying on technological advances within the information and communication technology sector to promote green development and ecological integrity. In addition, the study indicates that a growing reliance on FFC and the implementation of CEP harm green growth, underscoring the necessity of moving to renewable energy sources and promoting favorable trade policies. This study suggests that policymakers should emphasize IICTs, effective NRs management, GFCF, labor skills, EEP, and the transition to greener energy. Moreover, they should incorporate ecological factors in their trade practices to reconcile economic growth with sustainability goals.

Meningkatkan Keputusan Berinvestasi Masyarakat Sidoarjo Melalui Knowledge Management dan pengaruh variabel Financial Literacy, Religiusitas serta Mental Accounting

This research aims to encourage and foster the younger generation to have financial skills and accounting mentality so they can create a future brighter future. Educate the younger generation about investing by understanding financial literacy, religiosity and mental accounting to avoid online fraud or offline. It's time for millennials to learn skills invest, leave the consumptive lifestyle, and prepare for a better future bright. Knowledge management (knowledge management) is a process that focuses on how knowledge can be managed and used to improve performance. To create a knowledge-based economy then the need for knowledge management in every individual in society. Method research used in this study is a quantitative research method with causality approach, namely looking for evidence of a causal relationship through influence generated between the independent variable and the dependent variable. The data source used is primary data. The population of this study is the millennial generation which is spread throughout the region Sidoarjo. The sampling technique in this study is a convenience technique sampling. Convenience sampling is a method that researchers use to collect market research data from available respondents. Based on the results of the analysis, hypothesis testing and discussion it can be concluded that financial literacy, religiosity and mentality Accounting has a positive and significant effect on generational investment decisions Sidoarjo millennials. Knowledge Management has proven capable of playing a financial mediating role literacy. religiosity, mental accounting for investment decisions in the Sidoarjo community

MARKETING AS A DRIVER OF SUCCESSFUL MARKET INTRODUCTION OF INNOVATIVE PRODUCTS IN A TRANSFORMING NATIONAL ECONOMY

The innovative renewal of the world economy and the transition to a new knowledge-based economy are the main drivers of social development in modern society. This paradigm shift towards a postindustrial society has elevated enterprises producing innovative products to becoming key players in this new economy. However, there is a high risk associated with launching innovative products on the market, with around a third of new products failing and leading to losses rather than profits. Therefore, marketing support for the creation of new products is vital for companies in this space. This article explores the significance of marketing research in introducing innovative products to the market, the factors influencing the success of new products, the market for innovative products, and features of marketing innovation.

Telework: What is impact on the Algerian employee?

In a knowledge-based global economy, where technological progress has become the crucial link for achieving economic development, many Algerian institutions inevitability faced of the developing of their managing methods of work based on the integration of information and communication technologies (ICT). The telework is one of the growing patterns in this context it has been widely used in recent years as a new conception of work and jobs, especially during the pandemic that afflicted many countries, including Algeria. However, adopting this method of organizing work raises many problems related to its effects, especially on the individual level, namely on the employee’s quality of life, which is what the current study tries to answer. In order to do so, the writings and the basics related to telework were reviewed and discussed in the first part. While the second part was devoted to presenting the methodological framework used at field level. Based on a quantitative approach that included 142 employees from various sectors of activity, the results of the research included in the third part revealed that telework gives employees flexibility and independence in organizing their work schedule. It also contributes to reducing expenses related to the budget for transportation, meals, and childcare. In addition, telework enables employees to reorganize their social time (work time, family time) and thus, better match work and private activities, as well as reduce exhaustion resulting from various movements. It constitutes an opportunity to rest and reorganize, which in turn helps to raise productivity, according to most of the employees questioned. However, this does not negate the fact that this working method produces some undesirable effects, which are often perceived as negative consequences, as the results revealed the telework may be a source of social isolation and extension of working hours. Furthermore, the flexibility that telework gives to employees in organizing and managing working hours may lead to irregular schedules, which would blur the boundaries between family and professional lifestyle.

TEACHING-PEDAGOGICAL PRACTICE IN THE SYSTEM OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE PHYSICS TEACHERS

The article is devoted to the analysis of some pressing questions of organization and conducting of pedagogical practice in the system of future teacher of physics professional preparation in the aspect of forming his professional culture and competence. The reform of higher pedagogical education in Ukraine is part of the ongoing educational system updates in European countries over the last twenty years. These reforms are driven by ideas of human-centeredness and democratization, recognizing the importance of knowledge as a catalyst for societal well-being and progress, and the creation of a unified educational space. These changes pertain to new educational standards, qualification models, and methodological systems for professional training at the "bachelor" and "master" levels, which are based on activity-based, personality-oriented, and competency-based approaches. These reforms also involve the implementation of educational innovations and new information technologies in teaching and learning. Society entrusts educators with its future and naturally expects them to employ the most effective teaching methods and forms to impart the fundamentals of science. The quality of youth education, their ability to thrive and work in an information-driven society, contribute to a knowledge-based economy, and gain competitive advantages, all hinge on the level of a teacher's professional competence. In today's context of tiered and specialized differentiation, variability in physics school curricula and textbooks, and the development of new information technologies in education, this thesis assumes special significance. In the professional training of future physics teachers, a special place is reserved for pedagogical practice, the main goal of which is for them to acquire initial professional experience in independent work under conditions that closely resemble their future profession. This practice aims to develop pedagogical thinking and professionally significant personal qualities, ultimately leading to the acquisition of professional competence.

Development of a knowledge economy model based on the application of digital technologies in the republic of Kazakhstan

Object: the purpose of the study is to develop a model of the knowledge economy based on the use of digital technologies in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Research methods — questioning, survey, extrapolation, comparison.Methods: the study was carried out in three stages. At the initial stage, primary data were collected, 6 questionnaires were developed, 147 people were interviewed.Findings: the purpose of the study is to develop a model of the knowledge economy based on the use of digital technologies in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Research methods — questioning, survey, extrapolation, comparison. The main results of the study: the existing models of the development of the knowledge economy were studied, the main indicators of the knowledge economy in Kazakhstan and abroad were considered, it was revealed due to which measures taken foreign countries are leading in terms of knowledge economy indicators, forecast calculations of the main indicators of the knowledge economy were given, a model for the development of the knowledge economy was developed using digital technologies, which will increase the country's competitiveness and move to a new level of development and will contribute to the entry of the Republic of Kazakhstan into the top 30 most developed countries in the world.Conclusions: without knowledge, the development of a post-industrial society is impossible. In this regard, a new knowledge-based economy stands out. The developed countries of the world have moved to a new development model — to the knowledge economy. To increase the competitiveness of the Republic of Kazakhstan, it is also necessary to move to a new stage of development — the knowledge economy. According to a number of indicators, the Republic of Kazakhstan lags behind other countries.