Kind Of Intelligence Research Articles

Aristotle and Expertise: Ideas on the Skillfulness of Virtue

Many philosophers working on virtue theory have resisted the idea that the virtues are practical skills, apparently following Aristotle’s resistance to that idea. Bucking the trend, Matt Stichter defends a strong version of this idea in The Skillfulness of Virtue by marshaling a wide range of conceptual and empirical arguments to argue that the moral virtues are robust skills involving the cognitive-conative unification of Aristotelian phronêsis (‘practical intelligence’). Here I argue that Aristotle overlooks a more delimited kind of practical intelligence, strongly analogous to his own account of phronêsis, that unifies complex forms of expertise such as medicine or even high-level sports. Insofar as the skill model of virtue is compelling, it must draw on a robust conception of practical expertise (technê) like the one developed here rather than the ordinary, anemic conception of practical skills.

Influence of artificial intelligence on public employment and its impact on politics: A systematic literature review

Goal: Public administration is constantly changing in response to new challenges, including the implementation of new technologies such as robotics and artificial intelligence (AI). This new dynamic has caught the attention of political leaders who are finding ways to restrain or regulate AI in public services, but also of scholars who are raising legitimate concerns about its impacts on public employment. In light of the above, the aim of this research is to analyze the influence of AI on public employment and the ways politics are reacting.
 Design/Methodology/Approach: We have performed a systematic literature review to disclose the state-of-the-art and to find new avenues for future research.
 Results: The results indicate that public services require four kinds of intelligence – mechanical, analytical, intuitive, and empathetic – albeit, with much less expression than in private services.
 Limitations of the investigation: This systematic review provides a snapshot of the influence of AI on public employment. Thus, our research does not cover the whole body of knowledge, but it presents a holistic understanding of the phenomenon.
 Practical implications: As private companies are typically more advanced in the implementation of AI technologies, the for-profit sector may provide significant contributions in the way states can leverage public services through the deployment of AI technologies.
 Originality/Value: This article highlights the need for states to create the necessary conditions to legislate and regulate key technological advances, which, in our opinion, has been done, but at a very slow pace.

The use of kinds (forms) of artificial intelligence in the notary process of Ukraine: problems and ways of solution

The use of kinds (forms) of artificial intelligence in the notary process of Ukraine: problems and ways of solution

Pregled literature i diskusija o pristupima kolaborativnom donošenju odluka u Industriji 4.0

Nowadays, companies are faced with an increasingly higher level of competition while trying to adapt to the exigencies imposed by the Industry 4.0, regarding its usually referred dimensions and pillars, among which one that although is not so often referred is also expressing an increasing visibility and importance, related to collaboration, and more specifically to collaborative decision making and co-working. Thus, in this paper an analysis is carried out regarding the evolution of publications that have been put available over the last decade about collaborative decision making approaches, varying from approaches based on mathematical models up to the application of artificial intelligence and other kind of approaches. Moreover, a discussion about the relation between collaborative decision making, concurrent engineering and Industry 4.0 dimensions is also done.

The Linkages Between Investments in Innovation and Business Performance in Serbia

Motivation: Driven by an increasingly competitive marketplace, the savviest businesses invest heavily in corporate innovation as a kind of competitive intelligence that gives a business what it needs to operate with poise and precision. The strategy of investments in innovation by firms can potentially explain the heterogeneity of their income increase based on market success. Such a stimulus for growth has been a motivation for the research question being examined in this paper, namely the link between corporate financing and investment decisions of Serbian firms based on the bank loans as sources of innovation and hence improved enterprise performance. The paper is based on the research of Hottenrott et al. (2014), together with Ferrando & Preuss (2017) and Aerts & Schmidt (2008) concerning the relationship between external finance and business innovation activities. This paper provides information about a bank loan as a financing source that firms use to fund their innovative activities, with the research question whether that has the subsequent impact on the company's performance. The idea of the paper is that investments of enterprises in innovation significantly affect their revenue. Data: Empirical research has been provided by a survey in Serbia in 2017. The sample comprised 152 enterprises, mostly privately owned, of all sizes. Descriptive statistics: Cronbach's Alpha coefficient, regression analysis is used as the research tool and method. The link between business finance and innovation, and furthermore the link between innovation and income of Serbian firms have been investigated. Three groups of factors show that the degree of income and market success of the enterprise increases with the level of investment in innovative activities. These are: sources of financing and financing conditions as independent variables, and company's income revenues, as the dependent variable. Findings: Firms that use bank loans as financial instruments for innovation activities and investments are more likely to develop new products, methods and processes, and successfully increase their revenues and income based on developing this kind of added value. The findings indicate that tangible asset investment of SME’s is positively related to the use of bank finance, to new product development and to enterprise performance improvement. Contribution: Results of the research show that financial investments in business innovation directly contribute to the business sector performance improvement. It also demonstrates the theory of innovative enterprise, the significance of financing, and the impact of banking on the overall development of the economy. The results point to the need for further research in the area of​​ access to finance, as well as the parallel development of non-banking sources of financing.

Strategi Pembelajaran PAUD Berbasis Kecerdasan Majemuk di KB-RA Al-Azhar Gresik

Early childhood is a time of golden age, because at this time the child's intelligence develops quickly and rapidly. Intelligence of the child is extremely diverse, even one psychologist Gardner m found very diverse kinds of human intelligence is not just intelligence alone. Opinion was then known as the concept of multiple intelligences. ECD Al-Azhar is an early childhood education institutions that in learning to use the concept of multiple intelligences development of students. Therefore, this study aims to find out more about the various strategies that can be employed in the multiple intelligences-based early childhood learning, implementation efforts, both factors that support and subservience, as well as the efforts undertaken ECD Al-Azhar in tackling the various obstacles faced.This research is a research study kualitatif with a case study approach. The population in this study are all elements involved in the organization of early childhood education. The results showed that early childhood learning strategy based on multiple intelligences performed ECD Al-Azhar is by first dissecting the curriculum. Then the results are carried out in accordance with the learning SKS, SKM, and SKH that have been prepared. Its implementation is done with 3M maximization maximization method, style, and instructional media. The factors that contributed to the passage of early childhood learning program is competency-based intelligences principal, teacher competence, and density. While the factors that impede the form of the ever-changing curriculum content, there are some teachers who are less creative and a lack of infrastructure and facilities required from year to year. To overcome this the foundation and the principal do a higher priority to the needs of teachers and schools.

Rethinking what we mean by intelligence

Society largely has accepted a conception of general intelligence that is ill-fitted to the world we live in today. Our standardized tests are based on this conception, as is much of our instruction. The problem is that the kinds of problems we test for and teach to are unlike the complex problems we face in real life. In this article, Robert Sternberg introduces a conception of adaptive intelligence as the kind of intelligence we need to cope adequately with the problems the world is currently throwing at us. He discusses adaptive intelligence and how it differs from general intelligence and gives examples of the kinds of problems schools can use to teach and assess for such intelligence.

Penerapan Guru Dalam Mengembangkan Multiple Intelligences pada Masa Covid 19 di Kelas IX MTs Al-Ikhlas Pangkalan Susu

Various kinds of intelligence based on the development of students, it is believed that every student is born with more than one talent. Every student has talent, namely the ability that stands out in one aspect of personality, which is obtained as an innate. Therefore, since birth, every student is not stupid, there are children who are intelligent in different aspects. This type of research is qualitative research, data collection techniques by means of observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis technique with reduction stage, data presentation stage and conclusion drawing. The results of the study found that the application of teachers in developing multipple intelligences in class IX students of MTS Al Ikhlas Pangkalan Susu was very good, although not perfect and had not yet achieved educational goals that were in accordance with covid learning and distance learning, learning methods and strategies that used various teachers, in order to teachers develop multiple intelligences during a pandemic. The factors supporting teachers in developing multiple intelligences include 1). Human Resources, 2) The intelligence of students in doing assignments, 3). Student interest in learning. 4). Supporting facilities. While the inhibiting factors are: the lack of channeling of student potential and the way to overcome it is to provide additional hours, improve the quality and competence of teachers and provide certificates of appreciation to students who excel.

Penerapan Guru Dalam Mengembangkan Multiple Intelligences pada Masa Covid 19 di Kelas IX MTs Al-Ikhlas Pangkalan Susu

Various kinds of intelligence based on the development of students, it is believed that every student is born with more than one talent. Every student has talent, namely the ability that stands out in one aspect of personality, which is obtained as an innate. Therefore, since birth, every student is not stupid, there are children who are intelligent in different aspects. This type of research is qualitative research, data collection techniques by means of observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis technique with reduction stage, data presentation stage and conclusion drawing. The results of the study found that the application of teachers in developing multipple intelligences in class IX students of MTS Al Ikhlas Pangkalan Susu was very good, although not perfect and had not yet achieved educational goals that were in accordance with covid learning and distance learning, learning methods and strategies that used various teachers, in order to teachers develop multiple intelligences during a pandemic. The factors supporting teachers in developing multiple intelligences include 1). Human Resources, 2) The intelligence of students in doing assignments, 3). Student interest in learning. 4). Supporting facilities. While the inhibiting factors are: the lack of channeling of student potential and the way to overcome it is to provide additional hours, improve the quality and competence of teachers and provide certificates of appreciation to students who excel.

Becoming-Flashdrive: The Cinematic Intelligence of Lucy

An important but easily forgotten moment in the history of film-philosophy is Jean Epstein's assertion that cinema, more than merely thinking, has a kind of intelligence. If it is a newfound conception of rationality that is needed for any contemporary ethical relation to the world, as thinkers from Reza Negarestani and Pete Wolfendale to feminist collective Laboria Cuboniks have espoused in their respective neo-rationalist projects, then cinema as a thinking thing must be interrogated in its relation to reason. A somatophilia of purely affective and phenomenological approaches in film theory alongside micropolitical injunctions to undermine common-sense and liberate one's desire in extremity can fall limp in view of such calls for universal thinking around rationality. To understand cinema's specific form of intelligence, this article will explore Luc Besson's Lucy (2014) as an instance of how film is able to represent intelligence. Besson's film provides a site where Western cultural anxieties and assumptions around intelligence are manifested. This will allow an explication of contemporary approaches to intelligence in philosophy whilst confronting these discourses with the insidious problematics of gender and race that undergird the film. I argue that Lucy shares many of its ambitions with the emerging vectors of thought associated with the neo-rationalist perspective in its engaging with a rethinking of universal values and the Promethean possibilities of human action. Reading the film through these philosophies will help position the ethical stakes it sets up, but also to distinguish it from a trend of contemporary “posthuman” films that it finds itself in company with. While it is certainly true that posthuman themes, as well as transhumanist fantasies, seem to permeate Besson's film, this article will incorporate another neologism, taken from neo-rationalist thinkers, in order to emphasise moments that can be productive from the standpoint of a philosophical account of intelligence: “rationalist inhumanism.”

"Social policy and intelligence" Redux: a tribute to Edward Zigler.

I present a theory of adaptive intelligence and discuss why I believe adaptive intelligence, rather than general intelligence, is the kind of intelligence upon which we should focus in today's world. Adaptive intelligence is the ability to adapt to, shape, and select real-world environments in ways that result in positive outcomes not only for oneself, but also for others and the world. Edward Zigler was among the first to recognize the importance of levels of adaptation to intellectual deficiency, arguing from early on that intellectual challenges needed to be recognized not just in terms of IQ but also in terms of adaptive functioning. Adaptive intelligence is compared to and contrasted with general intelligence, which is usually defined as the first factor in a factor analysis of psychometric tests. I first introduce the main issues in the article. Then I discuss how one even would decide what intelligence is. Next I discuss broader theories of intelligence and especially the theory of adaptive intelligence. Then I talk about the perishability of theories of intelligence and other things-to what extent are they set up so that people are willing and able to move beyond them? Finally, I discuss how individual outcomes do not necessarily predict collective outcomes.

The Hourglass Model Revisited

Recent developments in the field of AI have fostered multidisciplinary research in various disciplines, including computer science, linguistics, and psychology. Intelligence, in fact, is much more than just IQ: it comprises many other kinds of intelligence, including physical intelligence, cultural intelligence, linguistic intelligence, and emotional intelligence (EQ). While traditional classification tasks and standard phenomena in computer science are easy to define, however, emotions are still a rather mysterious subject of study. That is why so many different emotion classifications have been proposed in the literature and there is still no common agreement on a universal emotion categorization model. In this article, we revisit the Hourglass of Emotions, an emotion categorization model optimized for polarity detection, based on some recent empirical evidence in the context of sentiment analysis. This new model does not claim to offer the ultimate emotion categorization but it proves the most effective for the task of sentiment analysis.

Development of a multi-agent system for solving domain dictionary construction problem

The object of research is the use of multi-agent systems for text data mining. The need for this study arose with a tendency to increase the amount of textual information generated in the world. Accordingly, it is necessary to develop and research methods of its processing, as well as ways to use the results of this processing, because the methods can’t exist in isolation from practice. At the same time, there is a development of multi-agent systems (MAS), where agents are endowed with some kind of intelligence, these systems can be easily scaled. The use of MAS for text analysis is a promising area.The following methods of text data analysis were used in this study: TF-IDF and RAKE methods, Word2Vec neural network models, and TextRank. The algorithms were compared for their work and the results were compared. The corpus of documents (10–12 texts, 5732–12331 words) from the subject areas of physics and biology were used as a test set. According to the results of the study, one method was chosen, on the basis of which the MAS was built to solve the problem. Additionally, Schulze methods (with one and several winners) were used for voting. With the received system additional researches concerning accuracy and speed of work, and also – influence are carried out system parameters for its operation.It has been found that TF-IDF-based analysis is useful for finding terms in documents with a weak context. The resulting system shows an accuracy of 75 % (3 of the 4 words proposed by the system are terms). The maximum operating time on test cases is 2–3 seconds, which is achieved through the use of parallel calculations and modification of the Schulze method. The results obtained in this paper are heuristic (ontology is a rather vague concept) and require additional elaboration by experts in the relevant fields. However, the results are positive within this experiment

Research on Improved Intelligent Control Processes Based on Three Kinds of Artificial Intelligence

Autotuning and online tuning of control parameters in control processes (OTP) are widely used in practice, such as in chemical production and industrial control processes. Better performance (such as dynamic speed and steady-state error) and less repeated manual-tuning workloads in bad environments for engineers are expected. The main works are as follows: Firstly, a change ratio for expert system and fuzzy-reasoning-based OTP methods is proposed. Secondly, a wavelet neural-network-based OTP method is proposed. Thirdly, comparative simulations are implemented in order to verify the performance. Finally, the stability of the proposed methods is analyzed based on the theory of stability. Results and effects are as follows: Firstly, the proposed control parameters of online tuning methods of artificial-intelligence-based classical control (AI-CC) systems had better performance, such as faster speed and smaller error. Secondly, stability was verified theoretically, so the proposed method could be applied with a guarantee. Thirdly, a lot of repeated and unsafe manual-based tuning work for engineers can be replaced by AI-CC systems. Finally, an upgrade solution AI-CC, with low cost, is provided for a large number of existing classical control systems.

PECULIARITIES OF FORMATION AND FUNCTIONING OF CREATIVITY AS A LINGUISTIC PHENOMENON

Objective. The objective of the research is to establish patterns, factors of influence and cause and effect in the processes of formation and realization of creativity, linguistics in particular. Methods. The authors apply the following scientific methods: theoretical — analysis and synthesis, analogy and thought experiment, practical — analysis of scientific literature, on the basis of which conclusions based on the laws, factors of influence and cause and effect in the processes of formation and realization of creativity, linguistic in particular. Results. Creativity is an important characteristic of the modern world, the «driving force» of progress. It implies a tendency to perceive a particular issue from a different angle, with a departure from the traditional norms of worldview. Creativity is seen as the ability to realize creativity. The factors of formation of the phenomenon of creativity are the factors of the system «4 P»: creative personality, creative process, creative press, creative product. Creativity as a creative activity is divided into several stages: perception of the problem, finding a solution, the emergence and formulation of hypotheses, testing the hypotheses, modifying them and obtaining the result. The level of creativity depends largely on the type of dominant intelligence in the individual. The linguistic kind of intelligence, including linguistic, foreign-language, literary and oratorical subspecies, determines the level of development of creative-linguistic abilities. Linguistic talent is an element of linguistic creativity. This category is defined as the synthesis of linguistic abilities, motivation and auxiliary factors for the development of talent. Linguistic creativity is realized through the formation of communicative strategies, the content of which takes into account the originality, effectiveness and social acceptability of material presentation. Therefore, linguistic creativity is an important subspecies of creativity that is pervasive throughout the world.

Znaczenie intelektualnych i osobowościowych korelatów osiągnięć szkolnych

<p>W artykule omówiono zagadnienie intelektualnych i osobowościowych uwarunkowań sukcesów szkolnych i wyników egzaminacyjnych. Analizie poddano argumenty na rzecz tezy, że zdolności poznawcze warunkują osiągnięcia szkolne. W efekcie podjętych rozważań sformułowano wniosek, że inteligencja stanowi potencjał, którego znaczenie zależy od etapu edukacyjnego – mocniej koreluje z osiągnięciami szkolnymi we wczesnych etapach kształcenia. Na wyższych poziomach edukacji istotniejszy jest nie sam poziom inteligencji ogólnej, lecz specyficzne zdolności poznawcze i ich dopasowanie do wymagań zadania. Co więcej, realizacja potencjału poznawczego w postaci wysokich wyników akademickich nie jest dana sama z siebie oraz wymaga pracy i wytrwałości. Zależy więc od czynników osobowościowych, w tym przede wszystkim od sumienności uwzględnionej w modelu tzw. Wielkiej Piątki.</p>

Books: Intelligent Kindness: Rehabilitating the Welfare State. 2nd edition: Using Kindness to Make Teams Work More Effectively.

John Ballatt, Penelope Campling, Chris Maloney RCPsych/Cambridge University Press, 2020, PB, 258pp, £16.99, 978-1911623229 This is the second edition of Intelligent Kindness . Originally written for managers in the health services, this second edition has increased its scope to include managers in the social services. While there is something on the national policy level and something for individual practitioners, the bulk of the book is aimed at managers of teams in health and social care. It comes highly recommended with ringing endorsements from Iona Heath and Phil Hammond. The basic thesis is one with which most GPs will be familiar and in full agreement — which does not mean that the case for it does not need to be made. Since the founding of the welfare state and the NHS, in the full flush of national …

The Comparative Psychology of Intelligence: Some Thirty Years Later.

After re-reading Macphail’s (1987) essay “The Comparative Psychology of Intelligence” with all the associated commentaries, I was struck by how contemporary many of the arguments and counter-arguments still appear. Of course, we now know much more about the abilities of many more species (including their neurobiology) and fewer researchers currently favor explanations of behavior based solely on associative processes; however, the role of contextual variables in comparative psychology still remains cloudy. I discuss these issues briefly. Given my research interests involving the cognitive and communicative abilities of Grey parrots, the one aspect of the original article upon which I feel I can comment in depth involves Macphail’s claims about the importance of language—and specifically syntax—in problem-solving and thus in placing humans above all other creatures. Granted, no other species has (or in my opinion is likely ever to acquire) everything that goes into what is considered “human language.” Nevertheless, several other species have acquired symbolic representation, and considerable information now exists upon which to base an argument that such acquisition by itself enables more complex and “human-like” cognitive processes. Such processes may form the basis of the kind of intelligence that is measured—not surprisingly—with human-based tasks, including the use of such representations as a means to directly query non-human subjects in ways not unlike those used with young children.

Pelatihan Pembuatan Roti Pizza Melalui Pembelajaran Sentra Memasak bagi Anak Usia 4-6 Tahun di PAUD Mutiara Islami

The aim of training in making pizza rot through cooking centers is so that children can learn about size, texture, and taste. They can learn different types of food and can compare foods, recognize, similarities and differences. children can also develop confidence when they have the opportunity to prepare food that will be enjoyed by classmates and teachers, with only planning and thinking, cooking activities can be an important part of the curriculumchild learning. the selection of training in Islamic Pearl PAUD because the PAUD already uses the learning center model but there is no cooking center learning, the PAUD only uses a few centers. The method used in community service activities is in the form of counseling / education using the demonstration method. Children involved are 20. Community service activities include training in making pizza bread in order to develop all aspects of development, growth, various kinds of intelligence, creativity, imagination, independence and racial self-confidence of children.

PROBLEMS OF THE FORMATION OF THE CONCEPTUAL APPARATUS IN THE FIELD OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

The study of the problems of the formation of the conceptual ap para tus in the field of legal support of artificial intelligence to develop effective le gal solutions in order to regulate new digital technologies. The work is based on a set of general scientific and special legal methods, including analysis, description, ge ne ra li zation, com parative law. The formation of legal definitions of artificial intelligence and related concepts (ro bot, cyber-physical system, etc.) requires the identification of the main legal fe atures of artificial intelligence. The following key characteristics of artificial in tel li gence are identified: optional hardware implementation; the ability of the system to analyze the environment; autonomy in operation; the ability to accumulate experience, its assessment and implementation of the task of self-learning; the pre sence of "intelligence", described through the categories of "rationality", "rationality" or simply the ability to "think like a person" or "act like a person" in all or in narrowly defined circumstances. Future legal regimes of artificial intelligence should take into account the possibility of weak artificial intelligence as a kind of complex thing and strong artificial intelligence that will "require" new legal solutions. The formation of legal definitions in the field of artificial intelligence must meet the requirements of universality, system city and ethics, and also allow, based on the selected properties, to establish systemic hierarchical relationships between concepts used in the field of artificial intelligence. The study develops the theoretical and practice-oriented provisions of in for mation law in matters of legal support for artificial intelligence, and also creates the basis for the formation of legislation in this area. The work can be used in further research activities on the legal regulation of the development, functioning and use of artificial intelligence systems.