Kind Of Innovation Research Articles

Category-free complement selection in causal adjunct phrases

In English there are a variety of causal adjunct phrases such asbecause of,as a result of,on account ofandin spite of.It was reported recently that a new structurebecause Xis thriving in colloquial registers including conversations and blogs. The complementXis not only restricted to nominals but also includes other lexical categories such as adjectives, adverbs and even verbs. This article delves into the history of this usage and its reasoning, and conducts a survey on other causal adjuncts to determine whether the same kind of innovation is observed with other adjunct phrases. The survey shows that the new usage started from NP complements and has been extended to include complements of other lexical categories, and that the new usage attested inbecause Xis also observed within case X. The truncation of the final preposition is verified with all the adjunct phrases in the survey, but the category of the complement is basically restricted to nominals in the case of other phrases. We will look into the factors segregating the two groups of adjuncts, namelybecause/in case X, and other causal adjuncts.

Corporate social responsibility and eco‐innovation: The triple bottom line perspective

AbstractThis article investigates the role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in eco‐innovation from the triple bottom line perspective. We unpack CSR into three dimensions (financial, social, and environmental) and categorise eco‐innovation into two kinds (pollution prevention and sustainable environmental innovation) to get a comprehensive picture of the relationship. Drawing on the resource‐based view, we suggest that the environmental dimension of CSR is positively related to pollution prevention because the returns on this kind of innovation are more predictable and straightforward, which appeals to firms. We also suggest that there is a U‐shaped relationship between the environmental dimension of CSR and sustainable environmental innovation, as this kind of innovation can only be realised when environmental commitments are high. Moreover, we expect the social and financial dimensions of CSR to interact with the environmental dimension to affect eco‐innovation. Using Chinese firm data from 2011 to 2015, we find that the social and financial dimensions of CSR have a positive moderating effect on sustainable environmental innovation. However, we fail to find support for their moderating effect on pollution prevention. Theoretical and practical implications, based on the findings, are discussed.

Strength in diversity? Past dynamics and future drivers affecting demand for sugar, ethanol, biogas and bioelectricity from Brazil's sugarcane sector

Brazil's sugarcane sector is a significant source of employment, and operates at the intersection of energy, agriculture and land use. Its future development will be affected by the values, decisions and actions of key actors. Accordingly, we report on the results of qualitative semi-structured interviews with 19 participants with expertise in relation to Brazil's sugarcane sector. We used visual aids, and reflections on past events, to structure and contextualise discussions about the future prospects for the sector as a whole, and for four of its potential products – sugar, ethanol, electricity and biogas.Interviews revealed general expectations of continued growth in the sector, particularly for its energy-related products. However, the possibility of future challenges and tensions is still evident. We suggest three inter-related areas for ongoing reflection. First, there may be value in balancing the desire for minimal intervention, technology neutral styles of policy, with the need for policy that is clear, long-term and impactful. In some cases, more targeted policies for particular actors or emergent technologies, may also be justified. Second, increased clarity on the broader objectives for the sector, including the relative prioritisation of economic, social and environmental objectives, may help industry to make the long term investments consistent with the kind of deep innovation for which there is potential. Third, it is worth reflecting on how the above issues in combination can be leveraged into a global leadership strategy, with consideration of the relative robustness of different leadership strategies within broader emerging global dynamics.

PROTOTIPE RANCANG BANGUN PINTU BENDUNGAN OTOMATIS UNTUK IRIGASI PERTANIAN BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER ARDUINO ATMEGA328

Technology as a result of human inventions to facilitate the work of increasingly advanced human technology and the development of various kinds of innovations especially developments in the field of microcontroller technological inventions penetrated various aspects ranging from transportation medicine and agriculture The large number of residents who use hydropower dams as water storage Open and close water dam gates automatically are buildings and structures that can function to open and close the flow of water to the river upstream according to the water level at the headwaters or dams. This tool uses the principle water level control work for water level detection using ultrasonic sensors with the design of this tool can then make it easier in terms of monitoing in opening and opening the water dam door automatically so as to facilitate in regulating the flow of water discharge without having to use a guard by adding an LCD to make it easier to show water level information and alarms on dams that can change in an uncertain period of time and then discharge reportsthe height of the water can be seen through the web so that it can facilitate and reduce a human error factor human error

Increasing the impact of innovation and advocacy in public libraries across Europe

Libraries need to innovate to ensure services they offer match citizens' needs and expectations in addition to among others the increasing digitalisation of society. Besides, professionals in the library sector need to improve their advocacy skills so that stakeholders are aware of the realised innovation. Based on a mixed-method methodology existing of a systematic desk research, followed by short interviews among 49 professionals from 22 different countries working in the public-library sector and finally completed by 25 case studies this study answers the question what kind of innovation and advocacy activities are possible for public libraries influence successful implementation?

Broaden our Sight Beyond Producer and User Innovation - Product Innovation Initiated by the Helper

Stemming from Schumpeter (1934), most literature of innovation management implicitly assumes producer as innovator of product. It is until Von Hippel (1976) that user was identified as another source of innovations. However, from an innovation case of Assistive Technology (AT) industry, we found that helper, neither producer nor user, of the AT product might be the innovator. Helpers are the service providers, who help their clients to use the product, and may initiate new product innovations based on their experiences of helping users. Therefore, besides producer innovation and user innovation, we have broaden our sight and identify a new kind of innovation— helper innovation. During the process of providing services, these helpers can reach many users who use various kinds of products with similar functions. Therefore, they have deeper understanding of the unmet demands of users than the producer, and have wider knowledge of the market and alternative technologies of products than the user. These two advantages make the helper innovation unique and important source of product innovations for improving lives. According to the complementarity rates between the newly innovated product, the helper’s service and the original product, we differentiate helper innovation into nine types. Then, we propose 13 propositions for these types of helper innovations and discuss their managerial implications. It is important to expand the innovation typology from producer and user innovation to include helper innovation. For firms need to watch over their potential competitors beyond their supply chain in today’s transient age, and firms also need to identify the key players in their open innovation partners, especially the platform builders (e.g. Google) -- the key helpers for all firms in the internet era.

How to Facilitate Different Types of Innovation Activities in Organizations?

In dynamic and competitive environment, the importance of innovation is accepted as a necessary ingredients for firms to create value and sustain competitive advantage. However, very little empirical research has specifically addressed to what extent different kinds of innovation rely on specific knowledge management processes and entrepreneurial orientation. The objective of this study is to identify the different types of innovation that are predominant in companies, and how to facilitate different types of innovation activities. A questionnaire survey was conducted and 169 valid replies were received. This research analyzes the relationship among knowledge management processes, as well as entrepreneurial orientation and different types of innovation. The results from an empirical survey study reveal that organizations facilitate different types of innovation (i.e., administrative versus technical innovation, and product versus process innovation) through entrepreneurial orientation and knowledge management process (i.e., knowledge acquisition, knowledge sharing and knowledge application). The results also show that the partial mediating role of knowledge management processes in the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and different types of innovation.

“Lean in”: the moderating effect of female ownership on the relationship between human capital and organizational innovation

PurposeWith the aim of shedding new light on the characteristics of human capital in its relationship with organizational innovation, this paper develops a novel theoretical and empirical exploration of the characteristics of human capital, both executives' experience and employees' average education level, as well as the moderating effect of female ownership, on two different aspects of organizational innovation.Design/methodology/approachData were obtained from the World Bank's China private manufacturing enterprise questionnaire survey. The study employs regression analysis of a logistic model using 1,598 samples, because the dependent variable of an organization's innovation index is a binary variable.FindingsUsing World Bank survey data of Chinese private manufacturing enterprises, the authors find that executives' experience has a significantly positive effect on process innovation. Female ownership strengthens the relationship between executives' experience and process innovation. Moreover, the results indicate that employees' average educational level has a significantly positive effect on product innovation. Female ownership strengthens the relationships between employees' average educational level and organizational innovation including product innovation and process innovation. This study highlights the importance of simultaneously testing the effects of human capital and gender heterogeneity on organizational innovation activities.Originality/valueThis study explores the impact of human capital on organizational innovation activities in the context of the Chinese manufacturing industry. Moreover, organizational innovation activities are divided into two aspects: product innovation and process innovation. This study separately discusses the effect of human capital on these two kinds of innovation in detail. Finally, female ownership is selected as a moderating variable, and it is demonstrated that interactions of female owners with executives' experience and employees' average educational level have a positive impact on increasing different kinds of organizational innovation. The authors identify new boundary conditions for the domain of female research that are sorely lacking in the present literature.

The impact of carbon emissions trading on the directed technical change in China

This paper focuses on whether carbon emissions trading (CET) has different impacts on the heterogeneous low-carbon innovation, and how CET affects the direction of technical change. Taking six CET pilot regions in China as research objectives, we set two types of technology as the clean and the gray with CPC-Y02 patent codes, and use the synthetic control method (SCM) in quasi-natural experiment. Moreover, this paper analyzes how CET moderates the effects of other three factors, that is, control-and-command environment regulation, foreign capital inflow and industry structure, with different innovations. The results show that the effects of CET on the direction of technical change are different across regions. CET successfully induces technical change to the clean direction and restrains the gray direction in Beijing and Shanghai, while promoting both innovations in Tianjin and Hubei, only intensifying the gray in Guangdong and Chongqing. These results indicate CET has a significant impact on both innovations, but its impact on the direction of technical change seems to be neutral, depending more on the balance between the new regulation and existing dependence on technological path in each region. Further research finds that CET amplifies the positive effect of industry structure upgrading on both kinds of innovations, but the response of the clean is more sensitive than that of the gray. Moreover, foreign capital inflow can promote the clean in the current period and inhibit the gray with lags, and the significant interaction between CET and foreign capital inflow can not be found. However, the policy mixed CET with control-and-command regulation leads to more gray innovation. The further analyses imply that CET can be a useful instrument leading to the right direction of technical change under certain backgrounds, where industry structure is upgrading, more open for foreign investment with less control-and-command regulations.

Research and Design of Operation Mode and Risk Control Model of Finance

The finance warehouse is a kind of service innovation of logistics and finance integration, and its innovative operation mode provides a new channel for SME financing. Firstly, the risk control model of finance warehouse is studied, designed and tested; on the basis of controlling regulatory risk and credit risk, the efficiency coefficient method of evaluation model is adjusted and improved; then the process of operation mode and the characteristics of each mode are studied and designed.

DIGI-INNO Tech: Reinventing Innovations

Digital-Innovation Technology calls for reinvention of innovations that offers new opportunities and challenges to design new products and services in the era of hi-tech competition. Digitalization and innovations are pressing issues for business in almost each and every industry. The scope to create new digital value chains increases at a very high speed due to interconnection of people and systems . It is to be believed that wonderful new ideas can open up new ways of looking at various Social Problems because of Digi-Inno connection between people and software. However creating digitalized product and services often creates new problems and challenges to the firm that are trying to innovate. The concept of reinvention in innovation process is redesigning the innovations coupled with advances in science and technology. Technological innovations are only one of many kinds of innovation that develops variety of terms like social innovation, sustainable innovation, responsible and green innovation. In this paper, we tried to give special emphasis on issues of digital innovation management which helps to seek a better base for reinventing innovation management research in digital innovative world.

Node between firm’s knowledge-intensive activities and their propensity to innovate: Insights from Nigeria’s mining industry

While studies have examined the nexus between knowledge and innovative performance, the literature from the context of developing countries is very scant. This study thus examines which knowledge-intensive activities influence the propensity of mining firms in Nigeria to implement either product innovation, process innovation or both kinds of innovations. The study explored 106 purposively selected mining firms in Nigeria to check the effect of knowledge on the prevalence of innovation in the industry. Using a questionnaire administered to the chief executive officers/most senior managers of the firms, the study identified six main knowledge indicators for the mining industry which were regressed against indicators of technological innovations. The study found that while R&D activities were important for product innovation, acquisition of machinery, equipment, hardware and software were the principal drivers of process innovation. The knowledge-based activities common to both innovation types were acquisition of external knowledge/technologies, learning, knowledge exchange and training as well as other activities like feasibility studies, market research, continuous improvement, business process re-engineering, tooling-up, routine software upgrades, amongst others. The study concludes that certain knowledge-intensive activities are important for different kinds of innovations in the firms.

Exploration Media of Muhammadiyah University of Sidoarjo with Mixed Reality

Mixed reality technology is a combination of Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) technology. Augmented reality and virtual reality are often used for various fields in terms of education, media promotion, even used as games to make it more interesting, creative and innovative. With the existence of these two advanced technologies, the advertising media as well as promotion and entertainment media really need this kind of technological innovation in introducing the media one step further with technology. Mixed Reality can be used to make it easier for prospective students or the public to explore campuses at the University of Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo through the virtual world without having to come to the location. For this reason, the contribution of this research is to provide alternative digital information media services and access to information available at the Muhammadiyah University of Sidoarjo as a means of educating the campus community on the community and the academic community.

Cooperation Networks as a Driver of Sustainability-Oriented Innovation

Companies can contribute to sustainable development in a dynamic and globalized market, such as today’s, through Sustainability-Oriented Innovation (SOI). However, to do this implies meeting specific requirements and dealing with greater complexity because of the higher level of sophistication of cooperation networks for this kind of innovation. In this context, to meet the requirements demanded by SOI, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is considered fundamental. However, it is not known whether their capacity to focus more on heterogeneous knowledge sources, which, thanks to their cooperation networks, are broad and geographically diverse, would have a differential impact on SOIs. Through comparative analysis, this paper attempts to shed light on the possible network differences for companies, with and without FDI, looking to undertake SOI. It focuses on the knowledge framework and geographical scope stemming from cooperation for successfully undertaking sustainable developments. To this end, three networks had to be set up, which include diversity, scope, experience, and frequency of national, European, and global cooperation. The results lend strength to the theory that SOI is favored by European and global cooperation networks if companies have FDI, and by national networks if there is no foreign participation. For this, the role of absorptive capacity is key, understood as a joint analysis of R&D intensity and the skills and education of employees tasked with innovation, and the implementation of new organizational methods. Lastly, it is confirmed that having FDI allows companies to have qualified employees, and better methods and organizational practices in connection with an openness to innovation.

Tantangan Penyelenggaraan Perfomance Based Maintenance Contract (PBMC) Pada Jalan Nasional

The applicaton of Performance Based Maintenance Contract (PBMC)is a kind of updated innovation which recently applied conventional contract. The maintenance contract performance based was applied by General Director of Highways (Bina Marga) to replace conventional maintenance contract. The contrast between conventional contract and PBMC lied on The maintenance system conducted. Conventional contract maintains the input and maintenance, however PBMC maintains the output and the outcome. The contractors independently determined the maintenance work will be conducted. In shake of fulfilling users intentions, the contractors will raise the value added for the maintenance process with fully creative and innovative. PBMC application training has been conducting since 2011 by director of highways, however the rapid overloading described that the condition of national roads application isn’t yet ideal, the provision of infrastructure is unstabel and preservation handling isn’t quite assertive and hasn’t completely conducted. In line with the well management principals, they are planning and organizing PMBC application. The way to handle broken and failed infrastructure. There are some topics being discussed in this paper, such as the deception of PBMC contract based on management principals, gap between field technically and basic concepts. Some challenges ruined over the concept of PBMC in improving the maintenance of national roads near future

경영통제시스템 전략적 연계, 지식경영 과정들과 기업 혁신

This study empirically investigated the relationships among types of business strategy (i.e., low-cost, differentiation, composite, and none strategy), usage patterns of management control systems (MCSs)(i.e., interactive, diagnostic, belief systems, and boundary systems), activation of knowledge management processes (KMPs)(i.e., socialization, externalization, combination, and internalization), and kinds of business innovation. For this study, we collected the sample data through the mail survey. Finally, the 101 sample data were collected. Cluster analysis was employed for the hypothesis testing. The results of this study showed that under a low-cost strategy, both the diagnostic use of MCSs and the boundary systems’ use are relatively high, and all usages of MCSs are very high when a composite strategy is adopted. However, it was also observed that under a none strategy, the use levels of MCSs are very low. It was found that when the diagnostic usage of MCSs as well as the boundary systems’ use are high, the degrees of externalization and combination are also high, and the levels of all KMPs are very high when the usage degrees of MCSs are very high. According to the results, it was identified that under the low use levels of MCSs, the degrees of all KMPs are very low. The results of this study showed that under high levels of all KMPs, product and process innovations are highly activated and obtained. However, it was observed that when the degrees of all KMPs are very low, the activation and performance of innovations are also low. In the regression analyses, it was found that the effects of socialization, combination and internalization on product innovations are significant and positive, and the impact of combination on process innovations is significant.

Perspectives on disruptive technology and innovation

PurposeDisruptive technology and innovation represent complex conflicts in nature. This paper aims to present an analytical review of the heterogeneity and conflicts that exist in the disruptive technology/innovation between the eastern and western countries using Chinese high-speed railways to illustrate disruptive innovation.Design/methodology/approachThe emerging economy brings about other theoretical and practical conflicts. Qualitative analysis is conducted on Chinese high-speed railways to assess the validity of innovation characteristics using Professor Clayton M. Christensen’s theories of disruptive technology/innovation and conflict. The authors explore the conflicts that can accompany the introduction of disruptive technologies in the current platform and how appropriately this specific context can lessen these conflicts.FindingsThe study revealed that Christensen’s theories could be applied 100per cent to the Chinese context if the western disruptive innovation theory can meet the practical requirements of Chinese disruptive technology/innovation. Qualitative analysis showed that Chinese high-speed railways had experienced greater success with disruptive innovation mechanism. The authors conclude that while the Chinese market is critical in shaping the kind of innovations that are emerging there, many disruptive technologies/innovations in China have their roots in the low-end market and new market. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.Originality/valueThere exists a research gap in the literature on the Chinese context. Conflict of disruptive technology and innovation within China and the characteristics of the Chinese high-speed railway prompt further research for scholars and practitioners.

When one door closes, another door opens … for some: Evidence from the post‐TRIPS Indian pharmaceutical industry

AbstractResearch SummaryFirms' strategy choices are contextually dependent, yet internally delimited. A radical shift in institutional context forces firms to reevaluate the desirability and suitability of current strategies and assess the potential of new strategic opportunities. From 1970 to 1995, the Indian pharmaceutical industry operated under a process‐focused intellectual property regime and enjoyed legal protection to reverse engineer brand name drugs. In 1995, this protection ended with the introduction of the trade‐related aspects of intellectual property rights (TRIPS) Act. We examine the innovation response of Indian pharmaceutical firms in light of this regime shift focusing on the underlying internal factors influencing firms' strategic choices. We find that the scope and balance of firms' knowledge bases, which set capabilities and influence decision framing, dictate firms' innovative response. We further document how firms' strategic choices contribute to firm financial performance and the reshaping of the Indian pharmaceutical industry.Managerial SummaryFrom 1970 to 1995, the Indian pharmaceutical industry operated under a process‐focused intellectual property regime and enjoyed legal protection to reverse engineer brand name drugs. Following TRIPS in 1995, the intellectual property regime in India became stronger, with product patent enforcement being recognized. Indian pharmaceutical firms had to make strategic choices on the kind of innovation they would pursue under this new IP regime. This article shows that having broad and nonspecialized knowledge assets allowed firms to pursue the most novel innovation and engage in new product development. Having T‐shaped assets, that is, broad knowledge scope yet narrowly focused knowledge expertise, allowed firms to pursue process‐based innovation in areas close to their existing areas of expertise but not necessarily engage in new product development. The findings of this article shed light on what kind of knowledge base and workforce allows firms to adjust to technological and contextual changes.

Information Technology and organizational innovation: Harmonious information technology affordance and courage-based actualization

Researchers and practitioners have long believed that information technology (IT) is a key tool for fostering innovation. However, there is a certain inconsistency in the literature, which makes it challenging for researchers to figure out exactly how and why IT plays such a pivotal, strategic organizational role. The motivation for this research is the multiple contradictory results reported by studies investigating the influence of information technology (IT) on organizational innovation. This study utilizes a fit-based perspective in an attempt to disentangle these contradictions. Using Venkatraman’s (1989) seminal paper on fit, we conceive of two critical fit-based concepts: harmonious IT affordance in an organization (HITA) and a subsequent fit between HITA and organizational courage. HITA reflects a covariance fit (coalignment) between the three major IT affordances in an organization—collaborative affordance, organizational memory affordance, and process management affordance. Organizational courage reflects the boldness (risk-taking ability) of the organization. Finally, HITA and organizational courage represent a matching fit (reflected as actualized HITA) that influences two kinds of innovation: exploratory and exploitative. Two studies, conducted in the US and Chinese contexts, provide support for this theory. The main contribution of the paper is in showing that IT can lead to innovation if (a) organizational IT affordances harmoniously coalign (as HITA); (b) and, organizational courage acts as a powerful contingency that actualizes HITA, and this actualized HITA influences innovation.

Innovation of Local Governance in Educational Affairs in Kupang City Province East Nusa Tenggara

The novelty of this research in: 1) public sector organization as research target; 2) research locus in the city of autonomous region which has the authority to regulate and administer the organization of education; 3) the innovation study in integrated regional government bureaucracy starting at the "executive" policy level, organizational managerial level, and innovation at the operational level. The objectives of the research are: a) process of development of program of the innovations of local government in education, b) kind of innovation program of local government in education, c) capacity of innovation of local government in education, and d) building the empirical model and recommended model of local government innovation in education. Researchers use the theory of innovation in the sector of the public which was developed by Mulgan & Albury (2003) and Muluk (2008). In the study of innovation of public sector known there are five types, namely: a) the innovation of service product, b) innovation of service process, c) innovation of method of service, d) innovation of policy, and e) innovation of system. The results of the research are: 1) the process of the development of program of innovation in education through a process of politic (function of setting) and a process of the arrangement (the managerial) that had already been innovative; 2) the types of innovation program include Program Sanggar Pendidikan Anak/PSPA (Children Education Studio Program), Program Pendidikan Gratis/PPG (Free Education Program), Program Inovasi Metode Pembelajaran/PIMP (Learning Method Innovation Program), and Program Satuan Tugas Pendidikan/PSTP (Educational Task Force Program). The four programs of innovation are the kind of innovation of service process, incremental and top down, adopted through replication (clone) as a result of comparative study; 3) there are four elements of innovation capacity that are studied, namely, the innovative leadership of the mayor, implementing apparatus, budget, government network and program regulation. Keywords: innovation, development, type, capacity, model, education DOI: 10.7176/JEP/11-5-02 Publication date: February 29 th 2020