Kendall Concordance Research Articles

Development of methodological support for improving the quality of expert assessment of business processes

The object of research is the process of forming a collective expert assessment with increased reliability in making management decisions in business structures by an expanded team of experts. One of the most problematic places in the expert assessment of management decisions is the complexity of forming a competent expert team and the rather high cost of the expertise. In recent years, there has been a tendency for expert assessment with an expanded team of experts. In this case, not only professional experts are involved in the examination, but also all persons wishing to take part in solving the problem. In this case, the reliability of the examination raises doubts. In connection with the participation in expert assessment of persons who do not have experience in expert work, a wide range of expert assessments is possible. The analysis of the current state of the methods of expert assessment in business is carried out. It has been established that the Delphi method, which was most used until recently, does not meet modern requirements. More progressive methods are based on mathematical consensus theory. Consensus is understood as the degree of correlation of individual expert assessments performed in rank scales. In the course of the study, formalized mathematical approaches to the organization of collective expertise were used. A method for processing the results of an examination with an expanded composition of experts was developed. The developed methodology is focused on identifying experts with insufficient qualifications. The methodology allows for a step-by-step assessment of the reliability of the collective expert decision by assessing the Kendall concordance coefficient. It is shown that the phased exclusion of assessments by experts with insufficient qualifications allows increasing the level of consensus, the quality and reliability of the collective expert assessment. The developed methodology has been tested in a really functioning enterprise to make a decision on the exit strategy of the enterprise from their crisis. The use of the developed methodology has made it possible to significantly increase the reliability of the examination results, assessed by the concordance coefficient. The results are useful for practical application in business structures when conducting expert examinations involving a wide range of participants.

Evaluating Safety Issues for Taxi Transport Management

Taxi drivers face many problems every day including safety issues. The tendency to quickly transport passengers to their destinations for more income has resulted in dangerous driving behaviors leading to traffic violations. So, taxi drivers need appropriate support and training programs to improve safety and reduce the risk of crashes. Implementing different support and safety training programs requires an effective management system. There is a dearth of research on the safety issues of taxis from the perspective of taxi organization managers. This study aims to evaluate the safety issues of taxi transport management through a case study of the Tehran Taxi Organization. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 22 regional managers and 20 transportation specialists of the Tehran Taxi Organization. Issues related to taxi drivers, roads and road users, vehicles, and management systems were evaluated in the questionnaire. Participants determined the relevance level and priority ranking of each question. The level of agreement was then tested using the Kendall concordance test. According to the results, the use of GPS was selected as the best in-vehicle monitoring system that can be used to evaluate drivers in the fleet. Participants believed that passengers’ loading and unloading had the most risk for taxi users. The start-inhibit technology to detect open doors was unanimously evaluated as an efficient technology for taxi safety. With respect to educating taxi users, starting education in schools had the most relevance and priority. Recommendations for increasing the safety of taxis include the use of GPS in taxis to monitor and evaluate drivers, receiving crash reports from police and submitting monthly safety assessment reports, flexibility in drivers’ working hours’ schedule, providing training on drivers fatigue management, and evaluating drivers’ health.

Using Deep Learning to Emulate the Use of an External Contrast Agent in Cardiovascular 4D Flow MRI.

Although contrast agents would be beneficial, they are seldom used in four-dimensional (4D) flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) due to potential side effects and contraindications. To develop and evaluate a deep learning architecture to generate high blood-tissue contrast in noncontrast 4D flow MRI by emulating the use of an external contrast agent. Retrospective. Of 222 data sets, 141 were used for neural network (NN) training (69 with and 72 without contrast agent). Evaluation was performed on the remaining 81 noncontrast data sets. Gradient echo or echo-planar 4D flow MRI at 1.5 T and 3 T. A cyclic generative adversarial NN was trained to perform image translation between noncontrast and contrast data. Evaluation was performed quantitatively using contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), structural similarity index (SSIM), mean squared error (MSE) of edges, and Dice coefficient of segmentations. Three observers performed a qualitative assessment of blood-tissue contrast, noise, presence of artifacts, and image structure visualization. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test evaluated statistical significance. Kendall's concordance coefficient assessed interobserver agreement. Contrast in the regions of interest (ROIs) in the NN enhanced images increased by 88%, CNR increased by 63%, and SNR improved by 48% (all P < 0.001). The SSIM was 0.82± 0.01, and the MSE of edges was 0.09± 0.01 (range [0,1]). Segmentations based on the generated images resulted in a Dice similarity increase of 15.25%. The observers managed to differentiate between contrast MR images and our results; however, they preferred the NN enhanced images in 76.7% of cases. This percentage increased to 93.3% for phase-contrast MR angiograms created from the NN enhanced data. Visual grading scores were blood-tissue contrast=4.30± 0.74, noise=3.12± 0.98, and presence of artifacts=3.63± 0.76. Image structures within and without the ROIs resulted in scores of 3.42± 0.59 and 3.07± 0.71, respectively (P < 0.001). The proposed approach improves blood-tissue contrast in MR images and could be used to improve data quality, visualization, and postprocessing of cardiovascular 4D flow data. EVIDENCE LEVEL: 3 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.

Qualimetric Assessment of Pedagogical Factors in the Formation of Professional Environmental and Economic Competence of University Graduates

The current situation of green economy digitalization actualizes the problem of developing innovative principles of professional training in universities. The key conditions for the training of highly qualified personnel in accordance with the needs of society and employers as participants of educational relations are of particular importance due to the qualimetric assessment of educational achievements of students (QAA), which has been actualized since 2000 by conceptual research within the framework of the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). The material for the study was modern approaches, algorithms and models of QAA in higher education institutions. The main methods of research were theoretical analysis of published scientific literature on the problem of digital assessment of the level of professional competence of university graduates in the field of green economy-sustainable development, primarily, their professional environmental and economic competence (PEEC) based on a ranking analysis of expert information on the impact of different factors. At the same time, the problems which are the result of multifactor dependencies typical for pedagogy are put into the structured category and the apparatus of mathematical modelling and selection of optimal solutions is scientifically grounded to solve them. The most significant pedagogical factors were selected according to their influence on the level of PEEC formation as a result of using the method of expert group evaluation and ranking the selected opinions of experts, the consistency of which was previously revealed by calculating the Kendall's concordance coefficient. The principles of the systematic approach applied in the pedagogical research, using the conceptual provisions of quantitative measurements, numerical modelling and mathematical statistics based on factor planning allowed us to present the results of the experiment to identify the final dependence of the level of PEEC formation as a regression model as the initial step in the developed platform (underlying concept) of qualimetric assessment of the dominant factors of PEEC formation. The initial principles of such a concept are formulated, providing opportunities for studying and analyzing the influence of various pedagogical factors and organizational and pedagogical conditions, choosing the ways of generating educational trajectories.

Uji Organoleptik Pasta Gigi dengan Bahan Antiseptik dan Deodorizing dari Rebusan Jahe Merah (Zingiber Officinale Var. Rubrum)

Red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) can effectively inhibit the growth of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Aside from containing active ingredients that are useful, the more value of red ginger is that it has a fresh, spicy taste, is easy to obtain and the price is cheap. So that when used as toothpaste, in addition to inhibiting the bacteria Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans that cause periodontal disease, it can also refresh the throat and oral cavity. This study aims to describe and analyze organoleptic toothpaste with antiseptic and deodorizing ingredients from red ginger stew at concentrations of 25% and 50%. This type of research is analytic research that is pre-experimental with a one-shoot case study study design. The population in this study were students of the Postgraduate Masters of Nutrition Science Study Program of Sebelas Maret University Surakarta who had received organoleptic test training totaling 96 people. Samples were taken as many as 31 people with random sampling techniques. Data analysis uses Kendall Concordance statistical test. The results showed that the average preference for aroma, taste and overall toothpaste with a concentration of 50% (rank = 1.77, 1.81 and 6.14) was higher than toothpaste with a concentration of 25% (rank = 1, 23, 1.19, 3.86). Statistical test results also showed that respondents in tune / favor preferred toothpaste with a concentration of 50% rather than 25% (p = 0,000). The conclusion of this study is that toothpaste with a concentration of 50% is preferred over 25%.

4C's Skills Performance Assessment in STEM Learning in Elementary School

The performance assessment rubric is used to assess the 4C's of the 21st century skills. The rubric is used as a tool to measure the achievement of the 21st century competences. The aim of this research is to develop 4C's skills performance assessment rubric in STEM learning in elementary school. The method used in this research is Educational Design Research (EDR) which according to McKenney & Reeves consists of three stages, namely analysis and exploration, design and construction, and evaluation and reflection. The data collection process was carried out by conducting interview and expert evaluation. This study results in a student performance assessment rubric which includes the criteria, scores, and score descriptions. Product testing was carried out by performing the Kendall's concordance test by using the SPSS program (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) which mostly showed the Asymp.Sig <0.05 and can be interpreted that there is an agreement. This research concludes that the performance assessment rubric can be used to assess the 21st-century skills in STEM learning.

Reproducibility of CT texture features of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms

PurposeTo evaluate the reproducibility of textural features of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PNENs), obtained under various CT-scanning conditions. Methods and materialsWe included 12 patients with PNENs and 2 contrast enhanced CT (CECT): 1) from our center according to standard CT-protocol; 2) from another institution. Two radiologists independently segmented the entire neoplasm volume using a 3D region of interest by LIFEx application on the arterial phase and then copied it to the other phases. 52 texture features were calculated for each phase. As a criterion for the segmentation consistency, a value of neoplasm volume was compared using the Bland-Altman method. The Kendall concordance coefficient was calculated to assess the texture features reproducibility in three scenarios: 1) different radiologists, same CECT; 2) same radiologist, different CECT; 3) different radiologists, different CECT. ResultsFor the scenario 1 the neoplasm volumes (except one large PNEN) were found within two standard deviations; this indicates high consistency of the segmentation. For the first scenario, Kendall's coefficient exceeded a threshold of 0.7 for all 52 features for all CT phases. For the second and third scenario, the concordance coefficient exceeded a threshold of 0.7 in 38, 28, 42, 45 and in 36, 25, 36, 44 features for the native, arterial, venous and delayed phases, respectively. ConclusionThe highest reproducibility was found in the first scenario compared to the second and third: 100 % vs. 74 % and 67 %. Reproducible texture features can be reliably used to assess the PNENs structure.

Agreement on emotion labels' frequency in eight Spanish linguistic areas

Various traditions have investigated the relationship between emotion and language. For the basic emotions view, emotional prototypes are lexically sedimented in language, evidenced in cultural convergence in emotional recognition and expression tasks. For constructionist theories, conceptual knowledge supported by language is at the core of emotions. Understanding emotion words is embedded in various interrelated constructs such as emotional intelligence, emotion knowledge or emotion differentiation, and is related to, but different from, general vocabulary. A clear advantage of Emotion Vocabulary over most emotion-related constructs is that it can be measured objectively. In two successive corpus-based studies, we tested the predictions of concordance and absolute agreement on the frequency of use of a total of 100 Spanish emotion labels in the eight main Spanish-speaking areas: Spain, Mexico-Central America, River Plate, Continental Caribbean, Andean, Antilles, Chilean, and the United States. In both studies, the intraclass correlation coefficient was statistically different from the null and very large, over .95, as was the Kendall's concordance coefficient, indicating broad consensus among the Spanish linguistic areas. From an applied perspective, our results provide supporting evidence for the similarity in frequency, and therefore cross-cultural generalizability regarding familiarity of the 100 emotion labels as item stems or as experimental stimuli without going through a process of additional adaptation. On a broader scope, these results add evidence on the role of language for emotion theories. In this regard, countries and regions compared here share the same Spanish language, but differ in several aspects in history, culture, and socio-economic structure.

Diagnostic accuracy of Augurix COVID-19 IgG serology rapid test.

AimsTo validate the diagnostic accuracy of the Augurix SARS‐CoV‐2 IgM/IgG rapid immunoassay diagnostic test (RDT) for COVID‐19.MethodsIn this unmatched 1:1 case‐control study, blood samples from 46 real‐time RT‐PCR–confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 hospitalized cases and 45 healthy donors (negative controls) were studied. Diagnostic accuracy of the IgG RDT was assessed against both an in‐house recombinant spike‐expressing immunofluorescence assay (rIFA), as an established reference method (primary endpoint), and the Euroimmun SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) (secondary endpoint).ResultsCOVID‐19 patients were more likely to be male (61% vs 20%; P = .0001) and older (median 66 vs 47 years old; P < .001) than controls. Whole blood IgG‐RDT results showed 86% and 93% overall Kendall concordance with rIFA and IgG ELISA, respectively. IgG RDT performances were similar between plasma and whole blood. Overall, RDT sensitivity was 88% (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 70‐96), specificity 98% (95%CI: 90‐100), PPV 97% (95%CI: 80‐100) and NPV 94% (95%CI: 84‐98). The IgG‐RDT carried out from 0 to 6 days, 7 to 14 days and > 14 days after the SARS‐CoV‐2 RT‐PCR test displayed 30%, 73% and 100% positivity rates in the COVID‐19 group, respectively. When considering samples taken >14 days after RT‐PCR diagnosis, NPV was 100% (95%CI:90‐100), and PPV was 100% (95%CI:72‐100).ConclusionsThe Augurix IgG‐RDT done in whole blood displays a high diagnostic accuracy for SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG in high COVID‐19 prevalence settings, where its use could be considered in the absence of routine diagnostic serology facilities.

Islamic Counseling Program to Resolve Personal, Social, Career and Academic Problems of Students

In spite of the legal basis for implementing guidance and counseling in higher education is not as complete and detailed as counseling services in primary and secondary education units, a number of regulations indicate that guidance and counseling services are an important element in the organization of college. This research aims to formulate a program of counseling services based on appropriate qur’ani values ​​according to the expert and describe the frequency of usage of the counseling service program to resolve student problems. This developmental research is carried out using the steps of the ADDIE model (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The subjects of research trial consist of 3 experts and 3 product users (counselors), taken using the purposive sampling method. The analysis technique used is descriptive statistics and Kendall concordance coefficient tests. The results indicate that: (1) a counseling service program based on qur’ani values ​​is considered appropriate to be given to students; (2) the usability level of qur'ani values-based counseling service programs is considered highly usable to be used as a reference in counseling services.

Promises and Hurdles of Medical Tourism Development in the Russian Federation.

Background: Development of medical tourism improves access to healthcare in countries where the necessary medical procedures are not available or accessible to its citizens. In the country of destination, medical tourism stimulates economic development and raises the quality of healthcare provided. There are both microeconomic and macroeconomic factors affecting the development of medical tourism. Microeconomic factors relate to the receivers and providers of healthcare. Macroeconomic factors relate to the government policy being implemented to support the development of medical tourism. This study aims to identify factors affecting the development of medical tourism in Russia.Methodology: An expert survey of 36 heads of medical organizations in Russia was conducted to assess the problems that impede the development of the medical care system to foreign patients in Russia, as well as propose possible solutions. The degree of covariation among experts was calculated using the Kendall concordance coefficient.Results: The experts gave consistent evaluation to numerous sets of problems that impede the development and proposed concrete measures for the development of inbound medical tourism in Russia. These measures ranged from microeconomic to macroeconomic approaches and were directed toward a holistic and coordinated development of medical tourism within Russia.Conclusion: Based on the results, Russia has several micro- and macroeconomic competitive advantages and disadvantages in facilitating medical tourism. The study yielded a set of measures for the development of inbound medical tourism and the promotion of the export of medical services in the Russian Federation, which can be extended to other countries or parties who are seeking to develop medical tourism.

A Fault Diagnosis Method of Mine Hoist Disc Brake System Based on Machine Learning

The performance of the brake system is directly related to the safety and reliability of the mine hoist operation. Mining the useful fault information in the operation of a mine hoist brake system, analyzing the abnormal parts and causes of the equipment, and making accurate early prediction and diagnosis of hidden faults are of great significance to ensure the safe and stable operation of a mine hoist. This study presents a fault diagnosis method for hoist disc brake system based on machine learning. First, the monitoring system collects the information of the hoist brake system, extracts the fault features, and pretreats it by SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solutions). This work provides data support for fault classification. Then, due to the complex structure of the hoist brake system, the relationship between the fault factors often has a significant impact on the fault. Considering the correlation between the fault samples and the attributes of each sample data, the C4.5 decision tree algorithm is improved by adding Kendall concordance coefficient, and the improved algorithm is used to train the sample data to get the decision tree classification model. Finally, the fault sample of the hoist brake system is trained to get the algorithm model, and then the fault diagnosis rules are generated. The state of the brake system is judged by classifying the data. Experiments show that the improved C4.5 decision tree algorithm takes the relativity of conditional attributes into account, has a higher diagnostic accuracy when processing more data, and has concise and clear fault classification rules, which can meet the needs of hoist fault diagnosis.

Analysis of the integration of management system based on the business arquitecture approach in Habana Libre Hotel

The problem of research lies in: How to help improve the strategic technological capability - based approach to Enterprise Architecture for system Integration Company? To solve the problem posed above is defined as General Objective: To apply the methodology of Strategic Management based approach to enterprise architecture for system integration business management (DEAE-ISDE) in the Habana Libre Hotel to contribute to integration of the steering system. For the development of the research tools such as: Checklist, Kendall's Concordance Coefficient, Diagram of Relations, Level of Integration of the Management System, among others. The main deficiencies were: the lack of an ICT that integrates the management of all indicators of efficiency and effectiveness, the lack of participation of the workers in the processes of changes, the lack of Integration of the activities of the strategic team because they do not have well defined the functions of each member, the low level of interoperability to automatically generate information from one application to another, deficiencies in strategic planning and the non-existence of a process for the management of technology surveillance. Eight improvement actions are proposed to eradicate the deficiencies found.

System analysis: the kemeny’s median as an optimization model of the preferences group system of air traffic controllers of the danger of the characteristic errors

The systems of advantages of aviation operators of the “front line” on the indicators and characteristics of their professional activities is one of the indicators demonstrating the influence of the human factor on decision-making, and, consequently, on the “attitude towards dangerous actions or conditions”, which, in its turn, is one of the components of the current ICAO safety paradigm. The preference system is understood as an ordered series of the specified indicators and characteristics from the most dangerous to the least dangerous, including errors that can be made by air traffic controllers. Group systems of advantages have a number of properties (peculiarities of the prevailing in a particular society — control shift — opinions on the perception of threats and hazards, the influence of the attitude of instructor personnel to threats and dangers and the technology to overcome them, statistics of aviation accidents and serious incidents in the area of responsibility, etc.) that are desirable to take into account in the safety management process and that are found by aggregating individual systems of benefits. This aggregation occurs using strategies for making group decisions, from which one should point to the strategy of summing and averaging ranks, which is riskier, but allows establishing the degree of consistency of opinions using the Kendall concordance coefficient. An important strategy is based on the classical Savage decision-making criteria, which has an optimization content and allows minimizing deviations in opinions regarding the dangers of mistakes of both the majority and the minority of the group members. The Kemeny’s median has a pronounced nonparametric optimization content, but it is almost never used in studies of the influence of the human factor on decision making in aviation systems. Individual systems of preferences of m=37 air traffic controllers on the spectrum of n=21 characteristic errors were constructed by them using the usual method of pairwise comparisons and normative establishment of a part of the total hazard. The use of the technology for detecting and filtering out marginal thoughts — individual systems of advantages, which significantly differ from the general group, made it possible to distinguish a subgroup mA=26 with a high level of intragroup consistency of opinions: the coefficient of concordance is W=0.7144 and is statistically significant at a high level of significance a=1%. Individual preference systems of members of the mА subgroup were used to implement the heuristic algorithm and construct the desired Kemeny’s median, which improves the consistent preference system and has an unusually high coincidence with the group advantage systems obtained using other group decision strategies: the average value of Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient in 7 times increased its minimum acceptable value.

ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ СУЧАСНОГО СТАНУ ТА ПРОГРАМНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ТОРГОВЕЛЬНОЇ ГАЛУЗІ УКРАЇНИ

Статтю присвячено дослідженню сучасного стану торговельної галузі України та її регіонів, рейтинговому оцінюванню та вибору CRM-систем для управління торговельними підприємствами. Проаналізовано динаміку структури галузей економіки України за 2010–2017 рр. Зазначено, що за цей період оптова та роздрібна торгівля була провідною галуззю економіки України, зберігаючи у структурі галузей національної економіки перше місце за обсягом реалізованої продукції. Визначено, в яких регіонах України торгівля є галуззю спеціалізації, проведено її порівняння з традиційними галузями країни: промисловістю і сільським господарством. Підтверджено статус України як індустріально-аграрної держави. Експертним методом перевірено ступінь узгодженості думок експертів щодо рейтингу чотирьох CRM-систем: Terrasoft Creatio, Bitrix24, AmoCRM, «Мегаплан». Визначено найбільш оптимальну CRM-систему для управління торговельними підприємствами України.

MEANS FOR THE ASSOCIATED IMPROVEMENT OF THE TAKE-OFF TECHNIQUE AND SPECIAL FITNESS OF SKILLED LONG JUMPERS

The article is devoted to the scientific and practical substantiation of the means for improving the technique of take-off and special fitness of skilled long jumpers. Objective. To determine the most effective exercises for the combined improvement of the take-off technique and special fitness of skilled athletes specialized in long jump. Methods. Theoretical analysis, generalization of scientific and methodological literature and the Internet, expert assessments, mathematical statistics. Results. Using the method of expert evaluations of 30 specialists (experts) of China in the field of sport, athletics exercises for the combined improvement of the take-off technique and special fitness of skilled long jumpers were systematized. The Kendall concordance coefficient was W = 0.741, p &lt; 0,001, which indicates the agreement of experts on this issue. In the process of preparation, skilled long jumpers use various athletics exercises, which in their structure and manifestation of motor qualities are as close as possible to a competitive exercise. Among the proposed exercises, most experts prefer the use of long jumps from different runs - from short (8 running steps) and medium (10-14 running steps) to full and extended (from 16 to 24 running steps), as well as exercises with complication coordination of movements requiring maximum manifestation of speed-strength abilities.

Recruitment and Training of Employee Followed by Vishal Mega Mart

The undertaking was finished so one can pick out the effectiveness of the worker pride level closer to the recruitment and schooling manner going on inside the corporation. The powerful become measured utterly based totally at the opinion of the employees and workers in all level, it's also analyzed with various statistically announcement and studied approximately the sources. The examine turned into finished because the management wanted to find out the various factors that affected the advantages of the schooling for the personnel. corporation is imparting education programs and seminars, and numerous different improvement applications also. on the subject of those info a established questionnaire changed into prepared. Which became used to get response from a pattern of 250 personnel? on this have a look at Descriptive research design turned into used and comfort Sampling approach was used as the sampling process, and records obtained were statistically analyzed the usage of Chi-rectangular test and Kolmogrov Smirnov D take a look at and Kendall's Concordance check. The evaluation and interpretations enables to identification the findings and suggestion of the workers. Recruitment bureaucracy the primary level within the process which keeps with choice and ceases with the location of the candidate. it is the next step within the procurement feature the primary being the manpower planning. Recruiting makes it viable to gather the range and kinds of humans essential to make certain the ongoing operation of the corporation. Recruiting is the discovering of potential applicants for actual or expected organizational vacancies. In other words, it's far a linking interest bringing together these with jobs and people seeking jobs. Recruitment has been seemed because the maximum vital characteristic of personnel administration, because unless the proper type of humans are hired, even the exceptional plans, agency charts and control systems might not do much correct. Recruitment both as high-quality? and terrible? hobby. it's far a procedure of trying to find potential personnel and stimulating and inspiring them to apply for jobs to boom the hiring ratio?, i.e., the range of applicants for a task. selection, on the other hand has a tendency to be poor as it rejects a great member of who follow, leaving most effective the pleasant to be employed .

Content validity and expert judgement: innovation model for new ways of working

The objective is to validate the content of the information collection instrument, through expert judgement and pilot testing. Methodology: Non-experimental, correlational research with a cross-sectional design. The first sample of the expert judgment was composed of 8 experts, the second of 27 employees was used for the pilot test. Unit of measurement: Employees from four Technological Universities of Puebla, studying empowerment, leadership, work routine, collaborative work and innovation. The methodology of the analysis included the Kendall Concordance Coefficient (W), to decide the level of correlation between the experts and we used Cronbach’s Alpha for the statistical analysis of the pilot test to measure the reliability of the measurement scale. The results of the expert judgement showed changes that would improve the clarity of the instrument. The wording would be expressed in third person, the use of technical language would be avoided, with the aim of generalizing understanding in the wording. The identification data would be defined according to the organizational structure of the media unit. Kendall's coefficient and Cronbach's Alpha showed acceptable agreement. Discussion. It is important to control the application of these tests with strict adherence to the methodology, minimizing human bias. It is concluded that the content validity represents an elemental tool to evidence the dominance and representativeness of the constructs. If the results are not reached, it is possible to repeat the process until acceptable values are reached. It is proposed to improve the instrument as a result of the experts' judgment and check the concordance between experts.

ALGORITHM AND COMPLEX INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FOR SOFTWARE PROJECTS RISKS EVALUATION

Problem of software projects risks evaluation is identified. Review of modern approaches to risks evaluation is carried out. Analysis of software projects risks evaluation methods is performed. Analysis of sensitivity, scenarios method, simulation modeling, expert assessment are reviewed. Conclusions on importance of risks evaluation for "Software as a Service" software application systems at design stage are performed. It's proposed to perform software projects risks evaluation with expert assessment using by realization of corresponding information technology. &#x0D; Mathematically risks evaluation technology is realized by Delphi method and ranking. Term of confidence interval is used as stopover criterion in computational procedure of Delphi method with the goal of coherent expert opinion obtaining. Calculating procedure envisages initial expert data correction by expert opinions revision and correction of expert group personnel. Consistency of expert opinions in mathematical technology on ranking method is checking with using of Kendall concordance coefficient, and its significance is evaluating on the basis of Pearson criterion. Presented mathematical apparatus formalizes solution of risks evaluation problem. &#x0D; Methods of software projects risks evaluation and theirs mathematical technologies requires a big amount of calculating operations. Information support increases the rate and precision of such operations, ensures initial data and obtained results accumulation. Information support of software projects risks evaluation is realized as software application system. At development of software application system functional and nonfunctional requirements, database model and its structure were defined. Principles of object oriented analysis, data modeling, modern design patterns, CASE software tools were used. &#x0D; It's proposed to realize software application system of information technology in accordance with client-server architecture, dedicated application server with distributed access rights with using of IDE NetBeans by PHP means under MySQL control. Conclusions on possibility of software application system using by performed validation and verification with expertise and PHP Unit using are made. Results of this work may be used for development of software projects risks evaluation information technology.

Differential method for establishing a comparative danger of air traffic controllers errors in professional activity

The advantage systems of air traffic controllers as operators of the “front line”, which are directly responsible for ensuring the appropriate level of flight safety, are considered as a component of their decision making, determines, on the one hand, the influence of the human factor on the choice they make, and on the other hand, makes this choice much easier. The use of paired comparisons and determination of part of the total comparative danger as a way of establishing the systems of benefits of professional air traffic controllers on the spectrum of the characteristic errors that they make in the process of professional activity are substantiated. For the first time, the total risk of a pair of errors is determined in an absolute and unique by quasi metric features 100-point scale, and their separate contribution to this danger covers the entire continuum of the scale. In contrast to the traditional practice, which regulates part of the total danger, it allowed for a more differentiated assessment of the comparative dangers of errors. Using the traditional and the proposed method, group systems of advantages of air traffic controllers on the studied range of errors, which are almost identical, are constructed: Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient is equal to the value. The Kendall concordance coefficient calculated for the group preference system constructed in the traditional way is equal to and statistically reliable, and therefore the corresponding preference system is consistent. The coefficient of concordance calculated for the group system of benefits based on the application of the proposed differential approach to the pairwise comparison of the dangers of errors is almost twice greater, equal to the value and statistically reliable at a high level of significance. This indicates both the consistency of the opinions of the subjects and the high efficiency of the proposed differential approach.