Kazakh National Research Articles

STUDYING OF ABU NASR AL-FARABI’S TREATISE “RYSALA FI-S SYASA”

The article presents the historical and chronological order of the scientific study of the work of the Kazakh thinker Abu Nasr al-Farabi (260/870 AH - 339/950 AH) "Risala fi-s Sias" (Treatise on Politics). Since the time of gaining independence by the Kazakh people, great changes have taken place in the spiritual life of the people. Projects such as: “Cultural Heritage” (2003), “People in the Stream of History” (2013), “Seven Edges of the Great Steppe” (2018), implemented within the framework of independence, as well as in 2020. with the support of international organizations such as UNESCO, ISISCO, an event was held on the occasion of the 1150th anniversary of the birth of Abu Nasr al-Farabi. Thanks to such organized events, there was a great opportunity to restore the written heritage of scientists and thinkers. Despite the fact that many eastern scientists, including Abu Nasr al-Farabi, were born and raised in the ancient Kazakh steppes, they spent most of their lives outside the Kazakh steppes. The rarest manuscripts of al-Farabi were preserved in foreign libraries and archives. This made it possible to investigate and return scientific works and manuscripts to their native lands. As part of the “Year of Farabi” (2020), Kazakh scientists conducted comprehensive research in the field of searching for the written heritage of the thinker, preserved in world archives, collecting manuscripts, reading, and researching. Numerous scientific conferences and symposiums have been held to analyze, interpret, recognize and popularize the heritage and ideas of the scientist. After the Republic of Kazakhstan gained historical independence (1991) by decree of the First President of the Republic of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev, the Kazakh National University (KazNU) named after Abu Nasr al-Farabi organized the search, collection, study, translation and scientific description of al-Farabi's manuscripts in the world archives. As part of this project, manuscripts of the work of the scholar Risala fi-s Siasa (Treatise on Politics) under various titles were found in the world's archives and rare collections.

The study of value orientations of Kazakh students on the basis of the theory and methodology of basic individual values of Sh. Schwartz

  This article is devoted to the study of the value orientations of Kazakh students on the basis of the theory and methodology of basic individual values proposed by the professor of Jerusalem University Sh. Schwartz. The object of the study – students of the Al-Farabi Kazakh National University. The purpose of the study: to study the socio-psychological characteristics of the value orientations of Kazakh students. To achieve the goal, an applied empirical study was conducted using the “Methodology for measur- ing cultural value orientations (SVS – Schwartz Value Survey) using the Google Forms platform. Based on the analysis of the results of the study, it was concluded that value orientations are a complex socio- psychological phenomenon that characterizes the direction and content of an individual’s activity, de- termines a person’s general approach to the world, to others, to himself. In Kazakh students, the formed values fully manifest themselves in the sphere of moral consciousness, moral deeds and personal moral (spiritual) properties, but, nevertheless, there is a conflict between values – ideals and values – priorities. Thus, addressing the phenomenon of value orientations as a special subject of socio-psychological research seems relevant not only in a theoretical, but also in an empirical context. Such an analysis to- day seems to be especially relevant for the further development of Kazakhstani society in the renewing social, political, economic, cultural conditions caused by the transformations that have taken place in the country in recent days. Key words: students, socio-psychological characteristics, value orientations, Kazakhstani society.

Work-life balance of lecturers (by the results of the research)

The article presents the analysis of work-life balance, as well as the influencing the balance and conflict between work and personal life, including the classification of models of influence determinants and negative, positive consequences. The article presents the results of a quantitative study conducted by the Center for Sociological Re- search and Social Engineering of al-Farabi KazNU in the spring of 2021 among the faculty of the al-Farabi Kazakh National University. The main focus of the study is to understand and study work-life balance to increasing employee efficiency and productivity, as well as to analyze strategies for improving work-life balance. The authors conclude that the negative impact of distance work on the physical well-being of the lecturer, there is a balance between work and personal life, good involvement in changes in spheres of life, but often it is not possible to pay due attention to them. Work responsibilities of the lecturer affects the work-life ratio. Together with this, remote work itself is changing the character of responsibilities of lecturer, taking into account the a violation of digital etiquette. The most important factor of work-life balance is rather the ability of workers to choose the mecha- nism that has the greatest impact on their work efficiency and the productivity of the entire process, respectively. Key words: work-life balance, teachers, online work, disbalance, efficiency.

THE PROBLEM OF GLOBAL WARMING AND CLIMATE CHANGE

THE PROBLEM OF GLOBAL WARMING AND CLIMATE CHANGE Gulbaram Kulakhmetova Phd, acting associate professor Al Farabi Kazakh National University (Chey Institute for Advanced Studies fellowship), Kazakhstan, Almaty Introduction How will the

Characteristics of student response to pandemic in cross-cultural context

Of the work is a cross-cultural analysis of the characteristics of student response in a pandemic situation. The sample consisted of students of NSMU and the Kazakh National University. Al-Farabi in the amount of 37 people aged 20 to 23; The battery of psychological methods was compiled by Spielberger and Khanina; Mississippi Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Scale (civil version) and PSM-25 Psychological Stress Scale. 52.7% of respondents showed an average level of stress, 47.3% - a low level, which indicates insufficient psychological adaptation to psychological stress. High rates of personal and situational anxiety were diagnosed in 67.57% of cases; the average level of reactive anxiety - in 29.73% of cases and personal - in 27.03% of respondents. The majority of respondents showed average levels of post-traumatic stress reactions (50%, n=37), while a low level of post-traumatic stress reactions occurs in 11 (14.87%) people, a low level - in 17 (22.97%) people and increased - in 9 (12.16%) people. Stress level indicators tend to have significant differences: the frequency of occurrence of average stress indicators in the sample of students from Kazakhstan is higher (75.6%) compared to Russian students (24.32%) (p<0.05). Cross-cultural differences in the level of emotional response of students in a pandemic situation were revealed.

ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ЕВРОПЕЙСКИХ СТАНДАРТОВ ВНЕШНЕГО ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ КАЧЕСТВА ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ В СТРУКТУРНОМ КОНТЕКСТЕ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ КАЗАХСКОЙ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ АКАДЕМИИ ХОРЕОГРАФИИ)

The article describes the context of external quality assessment of education in which the accreditation procedure of the Kazakh National Academy of Choreography, which is a multi-leveled educational institution, was conducted. An attempt was made to describe the structural application of widely known standards and recommendations for quality assurance in higher education (ESG) in assessing the quality of the multi-leveled educational process

СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ НАУЧНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ МЕДИЦИНСКИХ ВУЗОВ КАЗАХСТАНА

Objective: To conduct a comparative analysis of the research activity of medical universities in Kazakhstan. Methods: The following universities were enrolled in the study: Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University (KazNMU), Medical University of Karaganda (MUK), Semey Medical University (SMU), Astana Medical University (AMU), West Kazakhstan Medical University named after M. Ospanov (WKMU), South Kazakhstan Medical Academy (SKMA), Kazakh Medical University of Continuing Education (KazMUCE), Yasawi University (International Kazakh-Turkish University named after Khoja Ahmed Yasawi, IKTU) and Kazakh-Russian Medical University (KRMU). Data from the Center for the Development of Education and Science of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan were used in the study. The rating assessment of medical universities was carried out on six indicators: the volume of research carried out; the number of publications in peer-reviewed international databases (Thomson Reuters, Scopus, Springer, Google Scholar); the number of references to the research publications within the last 5 years; the number of patents and copyrights; the level of commercialization of research products in medical universities in Kazakhstan; participation in international conferences. The analyzed period is between 2018 and 2020. Results: By the end of 2020, KazNMU became the leader in the total value of all indicators by a small margin, followed by MUK and WKMU. The data obtained indicate that some of the medical universities, according to the total indicators’ value have a well-coordinated scientific environment, including KazNMU, MUK, WKMU, SMU, SKMA, AMU. Shaping of the conducive scientific environment in these universities is associated with a high level of the academic degrees of the staff, its large academic experience, and the volume of funding. The rest of the universities are young, with their scientific environment being still at its formative stage. These indicators contribute to the assessment of the results of research and innovative activities of medical universities, though they also have certain drawbacks. Conclusion: Despite the fluctuation of different evaluation parameters in the medical universities over the years, there is a general increase in their main performance indicators per staff capita: the number of publications has increased by more than 5-6 times, while citations were raised by more than 50 times; and the number of patents has grown by an order of magnitude. The level of commercialization at most universities has not changed, with the exception of WKMU, KMU, SKMA, KazMUCE, SMU. Keywords: Science, research environment, medicine, indicator, research activity, university.

МОБИЛИЗАЦИОННЫЕ МЕХАНИЗМЫ ГОСУДАРСТВ В ПОЛИТИКЕ ПРОТИВОДЕЙСТВИЯ ПАНДЕМИИ COVID-19

In the course of a round table with international participation organized by the Department of Comparative Political Science of Lomonosov Moscow State University and the electronic journal “Bulletin of Moscow State Regional University”, a discussion was held on the mobilization mechanisms of states (Russia, China, India, Canada, Great Britain, Kazakhstan, etc.) in countering the COVID-19 pandemic. The main topics of discussion include the following: state mobilization mechanisms in the situation of the first and subsequent waves of the COVID-19 pandemic, interaction between citizens and authorities, the perception of the population of anti-epidemic measures of governments, changes occurring under the influence of the pandemic in the social, economic, political spheres of society, in the areas of digitalization and education, forecasting the progress of the fight against the pandemic. The experts at the round table were political scientists of the Lomonosov Moscow State University, National Autonomous University of Mexico (Mexico City, Mexico), Al-Farabi Kazakh National University (Almaty, Kazakhstan), universities of the People’s Republic of China.

Сравнительный анализ 21 перечня основных лекарственных средств Всемирной Организации Здравоохранения с Казахстанским Национальным лекарственным Формуляром

The purpose of the work: to conduct a comparative analysis of the list of essential medicines of the World Health Organization with the Kazakhstan National Medicinal Formulary to determine the similarities and differences in their composition.Methods: a comparative analysis of the 21st main list of medicines of the World Health Organization with the Kazakhstan National Medicinal Formulary was carried out to search for common and distinctive features of the studied lists of medicines. For the convenience of the study, spreadsheets were used, also available on the websites of the studied lists of medicines.Results: the total number of medicines listed in the 21 list of essential medicines of the World Health Organization is 567, of which 385 are included in the Kazakhstan National Drug Form. The total number of medicines listed in the Kazakhstan National Drug Formulary is 2020-702. Based on the common identification of analogues from both lists, the Kazakhstan National Drug Form has fully complied with the recommendations of the World Health Organization regarding essential medicines in 4 out of 29 standard therapeutic sections.Conclusions: during the study, we did not reveal any obvious differences in the choice of the Main medicines of the Kazakh National Medicinal Formulary. According to the results of our research, it became clear that the Kazakh National Medicinal Formulary contains 67.9% of the Main Medicines of the World Health Organization, that is, more than half of the medicines of the Kazakh National Medicinal Formulary correspond to the 21 Approximate List of Essential Medicines of the World Health Organization.Keywords: medicines, medicinal formulary, main list of medicines, rational use of medicines, Kazakhstan.

«Қазхром ТҰК» АҚ жанындағы өңірдің экологиялық жағдайы

The article is devoted to the study of chemical pollution in the Aqtobe air basin, where the main source of industrial emissions is the industrial facilities of TNK «Kazchrome» LLP. The study of the ecological situation of Aqtobe from the impact of the actual concentrations of the analyzed pollutants of the Aqtobe ferroalloy Plant showed a high level of atmospheric air pollution for a wide range of substances that require the development of environmental measures aimed at improving the ecological situation of the city. The data of the annual newsletters of the RSE «Kazhydromet» for the period from 2018 to 2021 and on priority pollutants determined by instrumental measurements by the laboratory of the branch of the RSE at the «National Center of Expertise» in the Aqtobe region of the Committee for Sanitary and Epidemiological Control of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan were analyzed. This study was carried out within the framework of the scientific project: «National program for the introduction of personalized and preventive medicine in the Republic of Kazakhstan» IRN OR12165486. (Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D. Asfendiyarov).

Modern methods of geotechnic – effective way of providing industrial safety in mines

Results of long term researches of scientists of Kazakh National Research Technical University (KazNRTU) on the study of geomechanical processes are considered. It is shown that the problem of controlling geomechanical processes can be solved on the basis of integrated system for geomonitoring of rock massif state, providing for comprehensive accounting and analysis of all natural and man-made factors, as well as use of developed control tools by the authors. Characteristic features of ore deposits, use of various geotechnical methods in the process of their development are analyzed. Using necessity of methods of satellite geodesy, electronic tacheometers and laser scanning for open &ndash; pit mines monitoring was revealed and substantiated. Permanent ground reference which allows to ensure speed and accuracy of centering, as well as to exclude use of tripods for installation of high-precision electronic and laser devices used for earth surface geomonitoring was developed by the authors. Firstly, particular attention is drawn to underground monitoring of deformation and rock mass destruction. Mining works experience detects main cause of massif disturbance is fracturing which is probabilistic in nature. In addition, rock blasting operations during execution of interchamber pillars (ICP) are sources of additional technological rocks fracturing, that also reduces load bearing capacity and pillars and roof stability. Secondly, during mining on chamber-and-pillar development system in mined-out chambers, repeatedly increased leading rock pressure moves between support pillars or conjunction of mine workings, which threatens with sudden roof collapse ensuing serious consequences. Therefore, to monitor roof displacement during cleaning operations, distance determination method of roof displacement has been developed and ICP, which allows operational monitoring of underground workings stability and increase safety of mining operations. Method is based on the task of tool creating that allows to constantly register roof displacement in order to timely warn of impending roof collapse and take necessary measures. Thirdly, considering that ultimate goal for all geomechanical studies is to ensure industrial safety, in order to prevent further progressive pillars destruction, composition for strengthening fractured rock mass has been developed. Composition is oriented for hardening fractured rocks in open &ndash; pit mines and hardening distructed inter-chamber pillars and ceilings in underground workings. Technical result: mining waste utilization &ndash; (mill tailings), achievement of high fluidity of solution, adhesion to rocks and strength of obtained composition. Constant monitoring of state of massif fracturing and their strengthening can significantly extend service life of pillars, increase stability of worked-out space and, thereby, ensure safety and efficiency of mining operations. The work was attended by M. B. Nurpeisova, professor of Department of Mine Surveying of Kazakh National Research University named after K. I. Satpayev, Doctor of Engineering Sciences and Sh. K. Aitkazinova, PhD doctor. The study was supported by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Grant No. АР08857097 Integrated Monitoring of Slow Deformation on Ground Surface in the Course of Large-Scale Mineral Mining in Kazakhstan.

The Role of Chain Processes in Cool Flames and Soot Formation

The 125th anniversary of Academician N.N. Semenov, the great natural scientist of the 20th century, is a significant event for the world scientific community. With his discoveries and tireless scientific, organizational, pedagogical, and social activities, he made an invaluable contribution to the formation of chemical physics and to the development of physics, chemistry, and biology. Nobel Prize laureate, academician N.N. Semenov played a huge role in the creation of the Department of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion of the Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and the Institute for Problems in Combustion. Contacts with the disciples of Academician N.N. Semenov made it possible for the researchers of the Institute for Problems in Combustion to discuss their candidate and doctoral dissertations at the seminars of the Institute of Chemical Physics in Moscow. With the support of N.N. Semenov, Ya.B. Zel’dovich, and A.G. Merzhanov, All-Union Symposia on Combustion and Explosion (1980 in Alma-Ata) and on Structural Macrokinetics (1984 in Alma-Ata) were organized. The article provides an overview of the author’s works on studying the structure of the front of cool flames of diethyl ether and butane, the preflame zone of normal propane flames, and soot formation during combustion of hydrocarbons. The phenomenology, kinetics and mechanism of soot formation, and the influence of various factors on the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, graphene, and soot are considered.

Innovative Strategies of the Turkestan Music and Drama Theater

The general theme of the international round table “Innovative and multimedia research in modern theater art”, organized by the departments of theater studies and scenography of T. K. Zhurgenov Kazakh National Academy of Arts, the main topic of which was the resonant premiere of the play Borte by Dulat Issabekov, which raised a wide range of ideas and topical issues. The purpose of this event was to comprehend the problems of innovations in the Kazakh theater in the era of digital technologies. The discussion was attended by a director of the Turkestan Music and Drama Theater Ainur Kopbassarova, a stage director Carlo Shakkaluga, prominent theatrical figures of the republic, directors, heads of regional theaters, actors, set designers, teachers, students of the academy and the capital's university of arts. The methodology basis in the discussion of innovative events taking place in the Kazakh theater were empirical, general scientific and private scientific methods of understanding new approaches in work on a production of a play, on the example of the performance of “Borte”. The study underwent cardinal changes in the theater's performance and production policy, starting with selection of actors who were invited from different theaters of Kazakhstan, to introduction of expensive innovative technical stage equipment. As a result of discussing the problems of introducing innovations in the Kazakh theater, a number of objective constraining factors were identified, such as obsolete technical equipment and stage machinery, etc. Particular attention was paid to the issues of profitability of theatrical production, adaptation methods and operation of specialized technical devices, fundamentally new approaches in selection of actors for the role. During the discussion of the principles of organizing work on the release of a new performance, it was noted that leadership of the Turkestan Theater had successfully introduced new generation technologies in the shortest possible time. Moreover, a fundamentally new algorithm for operation of the stage part of the theater was developed, an extraordinary model for managing production workshops of the theater, technical and technological spectrum of combining innovative methods and techniques in the space of one performance has been expanded.

EXPERIMENTAL VERIFICATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COMPUTER NETWORK TRAINING BASED ON NETWORK MODELING

The article discusses the effectiveness of teaching computer networks to future computer science teachers based on network modeling. The experiment was conducted on the basis of the Institute of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics of the Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University and the Kazakh National Women's Pedagogical University. Methods and techniques for organizing and conducting practical work on teaching computer networking to future teachers of computer science on the basis of network modeling are described. Analysis of the results of experimental work is presented graphically in the form of tables, diagrams. The pedagogical experiment was conducted in three stages: defining, formative, final. The following research methods were used during the experimental work: analysis, generalization, systematization, observation, questionnaire, testing, research and generalization of pedagogical experience. As a result of experimental work, the effectiveness of the developed methodology for training in computer networks based on network modeling is tested.

The Mission of Teaching: to the 100th Anniversary of R.B. Nurtazina

The article analyzes the role and significance of R.B. Nurtazina in the development of modern Kazakhstani linguodidactics. The reason for writing the article was the First International Pedagogical Readings School - Teacher - Innovations in the Modern World, held at Pavlodar Pedagogical University from March 1 to March 9, 2021. The co-organizers were Al-Farabi Kazakh National University (RK, Almaty), L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University (RK, Nur-Sultan), Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RF, Moscow), Kazakhstan Association of Teachers of the Russian Language and Literature (KAZPRYAL), Kazakhstan Public Association Graduates of Russian Universities, Academy of Childrens Books ALTAIR and a team of scientific educational project Epoch and Personality.

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PROJECT- RESEARCH TRAINING IN COMPUTATIONAL INFORMATICS FOR FUTURE COMPUTER SCIENCE TEACHERS

The article is the result of an experimental study on teaching computational informatics to future teachers of informatics in a pedagogical university. The experiment was carried out on the basis of the Institute of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics of the Kazakh National Pedagogical University named after Abai. The methodology and methods for organizing and conducting experimental work in the field of computational informatics are described. The analysis of the results of the experimental work is presented graphically in the form of tables and diagrams. The reliability of the obtained results was checked in MS Excel. The difference between the results of the experimental group and the results obtained in the control group is significant and statistically significant. Pearson's χ2 was used to assess the significance of differences. As a result of the experimental work, the effectiveness of the developed methodology for teaching computational informatics to future teachers of informatics is tested in the context of a competency-based approach.

ORGANIZATION OF WORK WITH STAKEHOLDERS OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM «PHYSICS» IN NEW CONDITIONS

At the present stage of the development of pedagogical education, the problem of training a physics teacher who is ready to work in the conditions of a new reality, a digital educational environment, instability and multiple non-standard situations is of particular relevance. Educational programs that should provide training for such a teacher are undergoing modernization. This process requires the direct participation of as many stakeholders as possible. Work with stakeholders of the educational program «Physics» should be a holistic process and be based on a fundamentally different methodological basis, which has a complex character. The main methodological approaches to solving the problem of organizing work with stakeholders in the new conditions are the system and cluster approaches. The article analyzes the corrective actions of external stakeholders on the development of the educational program «Physics», which is currently being implemented at the Kazakh National Pedagogical University named after Abai.

XXVII INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON MORPHOLOGICAL SCIENCES “CELL, TISSUE, ORGANS – EXPERIENCE, INNOVATION AND PROGRESS”

Modern science is developing at a rapid pace and today, especially during the epidemic situation, scientific events are in demand, which allow us to consider topical issues that interest participants from different areas, individual ways to solve the same problem, listen to lectures by invited experts, and establish valuable contacts. On May 27-31, 2021 in Almaty, Kazakhstan, on the premises of the al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Higher School of Medicine, the Department of Fundamental Medicine, and the Eurasian Association of Morphologists held the XXVII International Symposium of Morphological Sciences ISMS 2021. This Morphological Congress was held, the first time, in 1971, in Mexico City, with the subsequent editions organized every two years in Argentina, Israel, the USA, Brazil, Portugal, Italy, Japan and many other countries (https://www.symposiamorphologica.com/) The decision to hold the Symposium in 2020 in Kazakhstan was made at the meeting of the International Committee of Symposia on Morphological Sciences (ICSMS) on June 5, 2018 in Prague (Czech Republic) as a part of the XXVI International Symposium of Morphological Sciences. The advantage of votes over other candidate countries (South Africa, Argentina) allowed Kazakhstan to take a huge responsibility for holding this Forum.&nbsp;

Development of the information and analytical system of the university

Today, the introduction of analytical systems into the university management circuit has become a necessary and priority task of higher educational institutions. It was led by the desire of the university management to understand the nature of data to improve the quality of educational services and decision-making. This article discusses the analysis of information systems, comparison of business intelligence platforms, and approaches to designing information and analytical system within the university as one of the key elements of the university’s information infrastructure. The presented work describes the data architecture of the corporate information systems of al-Farabi Kazakh National University, designing and implementing an information and analytical system at the university and on the Microsoft Power BI cloud business analysis platform. This system integrates all the disparate data of the university’s corporate information systems and transactional data sources. Furthermore, the logic of data extraction, transformation, implementation of visual reporting in Power BI, and the model of role-based access to them are also described.

Assessment of the current state of populations and study of phytochemical features of Conium maculatum L. in the Ili-Alatau mountains

A comprehensive study of the anatomical structure of the plant Conuim maculatum L. from the genus Ariaceae Lindl., which has valuable medicinal properties is presented. Currently, the medicinal plant Conuim maculatum L. is widely used in folk medicine. This plant is used by specialists for the prevention of various diseases, especially for the treatment of various types of cancer, as well as for the preparation of active painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs. The article analyzes the current state of the plant Conuim maculatum L. in the Іli-Alatau, diagnostic signs were identified and the main features of its anatomical structure were analyzed. The article analyzes in detail the biological features of the medicinal plant Conuim maculatum L., the main promising distribution zones of the plant in the country, and also describes the systematic classification, phytochemical features and chemical structure of this species. Eco-phytocenotic features of Conuim maculatum L. are shown on a population growing at the foothills of the Іli-Alatau. The work on determining the chemical composition of the species Conuim maculatum L. was carried out at the research center of medicinal plants of the al-Farabi Kazakh National University.