Kazakh National Research Articles

Molecular screening for Fusarium oxysporum resistance genes in chickpeas

Root rot and wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) are the most common pathogens among grain legumes, which cause yield losses of 10 to 40%. Wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceris is a devastating disease in chickpea growing area. In this study, 50 chickpea genotypes were studied to identify genetic sources of resistance to the disease in 2021 and 2022 vegetative seasons. The studies were carried out against the natural background of the experimental field at the Saimasai Agrotechnopark site of the Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, and the studies were carried out against an artificial background at the experimental site of Agropark Ontustik LLP located in the village of Zhalpaksay, Almaty region, Karasai district. The resistance and susceptibility of the plants to F. oxysporum were determined four weeks after artificial inoculation. In field trials, 70% of the genotypes were resistant to wilt and the remaining 30% showed susceptibility to the disease with varying degrees. Molecular methods were used to identify genetic sources of resistance. In the molecular analysis, all 50 genotypes were screened using the primers CaSTMS2, TA200, TA194, TA72, TA46, TR29 and TR7, which are closely related markers to resistance genes. Marker selection can identify resistant genes when screening chickpea genotypes for this pathogen. As a result of screening, resistant chickpea genotypes have been identified that can be used in the breeding program to develop F. oxysporum resistant chickpea varieties.

Highlights of Digital Technologies Application for Choreography Teaching: The Case of Kazakhstan

ABSTRACT The global challenges of our time embody a powerful impetus for implementing digital solutions in the educational systems of different fields and levels. Of particular interest here is choreography teaching, which encompasses a set of traditions and principles. The purpose of this paper was to investigate the importance and effect of using innovative pedagogical solutions with respect to choreography learning and teaching strategies. The sample of research participants consisted of 103 educators of the Kazakh National Women’s Teacher Training University and the Kazakh National Academy of Choreography. The experiment was conducted based on 7 dance modules developed by the University of Cambridge and the Nazarbayev Intellectual School. The results of the conducted survey indicate that respondents are interested in introducing advanced technologies in teaching choreography, but there are a number of challenges to their massive implementation within Kazakhstan. Alongside this, the experimental introduction of innovative pedagogical solutions was noted to improve students’ creative, professional, and leadership abilities, as well as promote teamwork and outlook broadening. The findings presented can be used in further research on choreography education in Kazakhstan. Besides, they can be taken advantage of by parties responsible for digital learning projects shaping and launching.

Research of the Process of Ozonation and Sorption Filtration of Natural and Anthropogenicly Pollated Waters

This scientific research work is written based on the problem of studying the process of ozonation and sorption filtration of natural and anthropogenically polluted waters. Scientific research work of our country is diverse It was prepared in the laboratory of water ozonation, and purification technology and equipment of Kazakh National Research Technical University named after K. I. Satbayev based on long-term research conducted in cities and regions. The current state of ozonation equipment and active carbon production is considered in the research work. The scientific research work is intended to solve problems and tasks related to the use of ozonation and sorption water purification methods for employees of the sector of quality water supply and water treatment. In addition, the research work is devoted to the problems of water purification using ozone. Provides general information about the properties of ozone, its interaction with inorganic and organic compounds. The main methods of obtaining ozone, the effect of design parameters on the efficiency of ozonators are shown. The main domestic and foreign manufacturers of ozonation equipment are presented. In the research paper, considering the effectiveness of removing various organic and inorganic pollutants of natural and anthropogenic origin, microbiological pollutants, the authors' long-term research on purification and disinfection of natural waters are systematized. Production experience of using ozone in foreign and Kazakh water facilities, as well as in local water treatment plants is presented.

Interactive Games and Plays in Teaching Physics and Astronomy

Physics is a difficult subject in which to trigger interest in pupils, particularly in junior high school classes: this reflects in the results of maturity exams. Therefore, teachers, educators (and authorities deciding on CV contents) should search for new efficient methods, techniques, and contents corresponding to particular topics in physics. What can be done at the level of a single university (even if big) or school is to enrich standard lessons with new elements and observe how the responses of pupils change. In this article, the results of an implementation of interactive plays and games are presented for enhancing pupils’ interest and rate of understanding in physics, astronomy, and engineering. The games were designed by authors and the contents were developed jointly at Nicolaus Copernicus University, Poland and al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan. Implementation was carried out both in schools (a secondary school in Almaty and one primary school in Torun) and in extra-school (secondary school students in Almaty, elementary and secondary school students in Torun, during university-based activities) environments. A preliminary analysis of the didactical efficiency is given. We observed a positive reception of the majority of the didactical means that we proposed. These observations will serve us for further (and possibly permanent) enrichment of forms and contents of teaching physics and astronomy.

Development factors of project management in Kazakhstani universities

The trend of growing interest in project management as a tool to improve the competitiveness of organisations refers in full extent to Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), which due to their educational function should ensure the advanced implementation of project management in the management processes of their own activities. The state policy in the field of project management promotion defines new challenges for effective management and for the education sector. The large-scale modernization of public administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan based on project management, in turn, poses the task of modernizing the management systems of HEIs. In addition, the changed conditions of the geopolitical situation dictate the necessity of applying modern management technologies. The purpose of the research is to study the peculiarities of project management development in HEIs in Kazakhstan. General scientific methods – analysis, synthesis, generalization are used as research methods. The results of the study contribute to the study of aspects of project management implementation and the development of technology of project management implementation in HEIs. For a comprehensive study of the subject of research, it is important to systematize the elements affecting the functioning of HEIs in Kazakhstan, in two planes: internal and external. In order to solve this issue, the external and internal factors of project management development in HEIs of Kazakhstan are formulated, the generalization of experience on interaction with HEIs of Union of Project Managers of the Republic of Kazakhstan is presented, the experience of Kazakh National Agrarian Research University is highlighted. The tasks for HEIs, the main directions of interaction between the universities and the professional project community are determined. The identification of external and internal factors affecting the activities of HEIs in Kazakhstan will allow adjusting the objectives of the university development.

Simulation Training in Preparing General Physician

The article presents modern methods of simulation training in the preparation of a general practitioner at different levels of education — undergraduate, internship, residency at S. D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University. The technology “Virtual Patient” on the interactive platform “AcademiX3D” is described, which contributes to the development of clinical thinking among students, increases the effectiveness of training and the quality of training of graduates of medical universities.

Kazakh national dog breed Tazy: What do we know?

The Tazy or Kazakh National sighthound has been officially recognized as the national heritage of Kazakhstan. Comprehensive genetic studies of genetic diversity and population structure that could be used for selection and conservation of this unique dog breed have not been conducted so far. The aim of this study was to determine the genetic structure of the Tazy using microsatellite and SNP markers and to place the breed in the context of the world sighthound breeds. Our results showed that all 19 microsatellite loci examined were polymorphic. The observed number of alleles in the Tazy population varied from 6 (INU030 locus) to 12 (AHT137, REN169D01, AHTh260, AHT121, and FH2054 loci) with a mean of 9.778 alleles per locus. The mean number of effective alleles was 4.869 and ranged from 3.349 f to 4.841. All markers were highly informative (PIC values greater than 0.5) and ranged from 0.543 (REN247M23 locus) to 0.865 (AHT121 locus). The observed and expected heterozygosities in a total population were 0.748 and 0.769 and ranged from 0.746 to 0.750 and 0.656 to 0.769, respectively. Overall, the results confirmed that the Tazy breed has a high level of genetic diversity, no significant inbreeding, and a specific genetic structure. Three gene pools underlie the genetic diversity of the Tazy breed. SNP analysis using the CanineHD SNP array, which contains more than 170,000 SNP markers, showed that the Tazy breed is distinct from other sighthound breeds and genetically related to ancient eastern sighthound breeds sharing the same branch with the Afghan Hound and the Saluki. The results, together with archeological findings, confirm the ancient origin of the breed. The findings can be used for the conservation and international registration of the Tazy dog breed.

Information competence as a key factor in continuous education of a leader

Modern challenges require a dynamic transformation of the education management system. The purpose of the article is to describe the main approaches in the analysis of information and management competence of the heads of structural divisions of a modern university. The methodological basis of the study is the results-oriented management methodology, a process-oriented approach, a systematic approach in management, as well as the provisions of synergetic, acmeological, moderative and level approaches. The article discusses the features of the theoretical aspects of the study of information management competence of managers, general criteria and factors for the development of information management competence. The result of the study is a theoretical substantiation and comparative analysis of the concepts of information and management competence of the heads of structural divisions of the university. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the material of the article contributes to the development of management theory, educational management, the system of professional development for heads of structural divisions of universities. 43 heads of structural subdivisions of the Al-Farabi Kazakh National University took part in the pilot study. The practical significance of the article is related to the possibility of using the collected data in improving the training of a new generation of higher education leaders with a high level of professionalism, competence, information and management culture. Keywords: information culture, information worldview, information competence, information literacy, information and management competence of the head of the structural unit of the university, manager of the educational institution.

Professional value orientations of university students in the specialty «Foreign language» (based on the results of a sociological study)

Profound changes in modern society and the development of market relations in it have led to a change in the system of life values of citizens of any country. Changes in value orientations have a sig-nificant impact on the professional self-determination of the new generation, which requires other types of career guidance work with young people that differ from previous forms, taking into account their worldview attitudes, and unstable labor market conditions. The purpose of the research is to determine the spectrum of the main value orientations of students, the role and significance of the labor values of students majoring in «Foreign Languages» at universities in Kazakhstan, Russia and China for successful self-realization in the labor market. The main empirical part of the sociological research is a survey conducted by the method of questioning students studying at full-time departments of the Faculty of Foreign Languages of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University (Kazakhstan), Saratov State University named after N. G. Chernyshevsky (Russia) and Dalian University of Foreign Languages (China). The total number of respondents is 300 people. The article comprehensively analyzes the value structure that has changed under the influence of external causes, and the views of young people on professional preferences, their attitude to the pro-fession being mastered and its role in the implementation of individual life plans. The factors of socio-professional self-determination of students are revealed. According to the results of the sociological  research, for the youth of Kazakhstan and Russia, the importance in future work is an interesting job, and for Chinese students – the opportunity to develop skills in work. It was revealed that graduates who participated in the research of three countries in the specialty “Foreign language” have such common values as: “achieving their interests, goals”, as well as “conscious choice of profession” and “work only in their chosen specialty”. Key words: youth, values, value orientations, foreign language, choice of profession.

Думи на водещите броя

Думи на водещите броя

Methodology of teaching the fundamentals of electrical engineering and electronics for the pharmaceutical production technology specialty

AbstractThe aim of this research is to study the main pedagogical experiments conducted for the purpose of practical study of the level of mastery by students of pharmaceutical specialties of electrical engineering and electronics fundamentals. The basis of the methodological approach in this research work is a combination of existing system analysis methods of teaching disciplines related to the fundamentals of electrical engineering and electronics for nontechnical specialties of modern educational institutions, with experimental studies of pedagogical features of the perception of the taught discipline by students of pharmaceutical specialties. The results of this research indicate a weak interest of students of the pharmaceutical specialty of the Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University in mastering the discipline ‘Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering and Electronics’, which indicates the need to improve existing teaching methods and develop new ones that can provide more tangible results. The results and conclusions of this research work are of significant practical importance from the standpoint of the prospects for improving the teaching of this group of disciplines for students of nontechnical specialties of educational institutions and are also of great importance for teachers of the fundamentals of electrical engineering and electronics, faced with the urgent need to teach this kind of material to students during lectures and practical classes.

APPROACHES TO THE FORMATION OF THE CONCEPT OF STATE OF LAW

APPROACHES TO THE FORMATION OF THE CONCEPT OF STATE OF LAW  Aidos Atzhan PhD candidate of Political Science, Department of political science and social and philosophical disciplines, Abay Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Kazakh

THE CONCEPT OF "POLITICAL ELITE" IN MODERN SOCIO-POLITICAL THOUGHT

THE CONCEPT OF "POLITICAL ELITE" IN MODERN SOCIO-POLITICAL THOUGHT Abhari Ayman Shaukat Faris PhD doctoral candidate of the Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Kazakhstan, Almaty   ПОНЯТИЕ «ПОЛИ

Шетелдік студенттердің Қазақстандық жоғары оқу орнына бейімделуі

Adaptation of foreign students to the Kazakh university is a multifaceted process. To study the adaptation of foreign students to the university environment, adaptation to new climatic conditions, time, new education system, new language of communication, culture of a new country. On the research issue, an analysis of philosophical, social, psychological, pedagogical literature was carried out, direct and indirect observations were made, and survey methods were used. The study was conducted at Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, where 42 students of the 1st year from abroad were subjected to external observation in the amount of 8 months and studied their adaptation to the university environment using the survey method. According to the results of the study, the process of social and pedagogical adaptation of foreign students to the Kazakh University and the problems that arise during their studies were identified. It was studied that the characteristics of socialization of foreign students in higher education institutions are influenced by such basic factors as language, education, accommodation, as well as interaction with teachers, etc. Using imperial methods, we identified the problems that prevent foreign students from adapting to Kazakhstan’s educational institution and proposed ways to solve them.

Практики государственного управления в изобразительном искусстве 1930-х гг. (на примере Казахской национальной художественной галереи им. Т.Г. Шевченко)

The present work aims to identify the features of public administration, their real practices in the field of visual arts on the example of the Kazakh State Art Gallery named after T.G. Shevchenko in the second half of the 1930s and to make adjustments to the existing historiographical gap. As a source base, office documents deposited in the Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan (TsGA RK) in Fund 1792, Kazakh State Art Gallery named after T.G. Shevchenko, and Fund 1736, Organizing Committee of the Union of Soviet Artists of the Kazakh SSR, were mainly used. Orders, resolutions, instructions, information letters dated 1937-1939, emanating from the Department of Arts Affairs under the SNK of the Kazakh SSR and the All-Union Committee for Arts Affairs under the SNK of the USSR were analyzed. Archival sources made it possible to identify the range of issues supervised by the departments, to determine the degree of integration of the cultural institution into the all-Union museum system, to highlight the situation regarding the replenishment of museum funds and the personnel issue. The methodological basis was the theory of modernization. A systematic approach was used to implement the research objectives. The study shows that, due to the historically prevailing conditions, professional visual arts did not receive a proper development on the territory of the Central Asian ethnoregion. The peripheral position of art, which persisted for quite a long time after the revolution, began to change by the mid-1930s with the coming to power of L.I. Mirzoyan (1897-1939), the first secretary of the Kazkraikom of the CPSU (b). During this period, the process of the all-Union restructuring of the management system in the field of culture coincided with the formation of the republican artistic infrastructure. The Kazakh National Art Gallery in Alma-Ata was made the profile center responsible for the presentation and popularization of visual arts in the republic. In general, public administration in the field of visual arts was implemented in line with the development of the state program of assistance to national suburbs through the formation and development of regional art infrastructure, accelerated growth of the museum art fund, with a parallel strengthening of integration into the all-Union socio-cultural space. At the same time, the analysis of the main elements of management testifies to their belonging to the administrative and command management system, with the inherent cumbersomeness of the bureaucratic apparatus, adherence to the principles of personnel appointments, and not electability, the presence of power centralization, which left minimal opportunities for the manifestation of initiative on the ground.

Visit from Kazakh National Art Academy to Üsküdar University...

Üsküdar University Rector Prof. Nazife Güngör, Vice Rector Prof. Muhsin Konuk and Dean of the Faculty of Communication Prof. Süleyman İrvan attended the meeting.

The professionalism of a university teacher: concept, components, stages of development

The article deals with the question of the essence of the concept of "professionalism of a university teacher", its main components, and stages of development. The modernization of the professional training of future teachers is associated with the integration of Kazakhstan into the world community, which implies an orientation towards pan-European recommendationson the quality of education. In the work, the author analyzes the regulatory and legal documentation relating to the activities of professional training of teachers and psychological and pedagogical research of foreign and Kazakh researchers in the field of problems of developing the professionalism of a university teacher.The training of teaching staff is carried out in the conditions of higher and postgraduate education, which must adhere primarily to the concept of continuity and systemic education. The analysis of the level of readiness of young teachers of higher education suggests that teachers in their teaching activities have certain difficulties in working with students and in carrying out research activities. As a rule, young teachers, carrying out their own activities, mainly adhere to copying the activities of their older colleagues, intuition, which at the present stage cannot be acceptable. The solution to this problem can be found in the systemic support for the development of pedagogical professionalism of scientific and pedagogical personnel at the stage of training in the magistracy and in the introduction of support system activities of young teachers. In the work, the author proposes a system for supporting the activities of young teachers, which was tested on the basis of the Institute of Pedagogy and Psychology of the Kazakh National Women's Pedagogical University.

Қисас-и Рабғұзи және ХХ ғасыр басындағы қазақ жазба әдебиеті: рухани үндестік пен дәстүр жалғастығы

Different historical periods and historical personalities, political events and cultural and literary relics take occupy a special place in the formation of the Kazakh nation and an independent state as a whole. One of the most important factors in the history of the formation of independent Kazakhstan was the period of the Golden Horde state (XIII-XVI centuries), founded by the descendants of Genghis Khan almost eight centuries ago.It is clear that the attention paid today to the propaganda of this era at the state level increases the identity of this era and its influence on the formation of the Kazakh statehood. In particular, the study of the influence of the recorded during this period literary heritage on the formation of the Kazakh national worldview and propaganda in the modern scientific environment allows us to identify the continuity of national identity and literary tradition. The literary heritage written during the Golden Horde as «(Qisas-ul-Anbiya» or «Qissasi Rabg’uziy”, “Nahjul Farodis», (The Open Way to Paradise»), «Khusrau-Shirin» was aimed at educating the country. Undoubtedly, these works played a special role in the development and improvement of the art of speech during this period. The article considers the work «Qisas-ul-Anbiya» or «Qissasi Rabg’uziy” by Nasiruddin Burhanuddin Rabguzi, who made a special contribution to the social development in the Golden Horde period, and the spiritual harmony and traditions between the stories of the prophets. The continuity between these stories, which had a great influence on the national education and religious literacy of the Kazakh people in the early 20th century is considered to be relative.

Separate aspects of women’s self-defense classes in the program of the club system in Kazakh National Women’s Pedagogical University

Separate aspects of women’s self-defense classes in the program of the club system in Kazakh National Women’s Pedagogical University

THE DEVELOPMENT OF METALINGUISTIC SKILLS AS A PART OF TEACHING ENGLISH TO BILINGUAL STUDENTS

This article investigates the strategies of developing metalinguistic skills as a part of teaching English to bilingual students. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the teaching techniques aimed to metalinguistic development in bilingual students. The approach includes a theoretical and methodological description of the metalanguage based on the results of theoretical sources and practical experiments of foreign scientists M. Ellis, M. Schleppergell, G. Cooper, S. Dita as well as a 4-week experiment held with 18 participants. Using data collected from a group of 18 3-rd year bachelor students of Kazakh National University, it was found that the formation and further development of metalinguistic skills is an important part of teaching bilingual students that leads not only to increase the level of metalinguistic awareness but also to improve the general knowledge of both languages which students speak. As a result, teachers should use a range of techniques, such as word recognition, syntactic understanding, and vocabulary recognition exercises. Theoretical and practical implications of the results were discussed. Key words: metalinguistic skills, metalinguistic awareness, bilingualism, ESL, Russian- English bilingual students