Karaganda Region Research Articles

Reasons behind the epidemiological situation of brucellosis in the Republic of Kazakhstan

Brucellosis is endemic in the Republic of Kazakhstan, particularly in agro-pastoral areas. The purpose of this research is to study the epidemiological situation of brucellosis in livestock recorded in the Republic of Kazakhstan, and to identify the reasons why anti-brucellosis measures were not effective. The research was performed on statistical data provided by the Republican Veterinary Laboratory (RVL), the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The analysis touched upon the prevalence of Brucellosis in cattle and small ruminants (sheep and goats) in 13 regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2012–2016. Aside from that, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems conducted screening assays that involved 11,889 samples of blood and tissues from said animals. The risks of developing Brucellosis were assessed for each particular region. The comparison of studies conducted in 2012–2016 reveals an increase in the prevalence of Brucellosis in cattle in the following regions: West Kazakhstan, Karaganda Region and Pavlodar Region. For small ruminants, growing prevalence was observed in the Kostanay Region, Jambyl Region and Almaty Region. Between 2014 and 2016, the incidence rate had a growing trend, with a high in 2014 and 2015. The lowest prevalence rate during the following years (2012–2016) was in the Mangystau Region. The Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISE) test applied in the research among other tests provided the best results. The main risk factors involve epidemiology and sanitary measures, which are undertaken in the Republic of Kazakhstan, geography of the region with focuses of infection, and randomness of spread.

Petrov culture burial site near the village of Taldy (Karkaralinsk District, Karaganda Region)

The following paper contains investigation results of the randomly discovered ancient burial site near the village of Taldy (Central Kazakhstan). Accompanying inventory is represented by metal celt-adze, a highly fragmented bracelet with a spiral wound end and a ceramic vessel with a ribbed shoulder and geometric ornament. The obtained material allows attributing the burial site to the Petrov culture of the Bronze Age. The authors of the paper proceed from the weak argumentation of the regional analogue of Petrovka, the Nurtai culture singled out at the end of the 20th century. The current base of sources is characterized by heterogeneity. In this connection, the early Andronian antiquities of Central Kazakhstan should be considered within the framework of the Petrov culture with the possible further allocation of a local variant or stage. Celt-adze found here is quite interesting. It has analogies with the Dolgaya Gora monuments findings (Abashevskaya culture), Tanabergen II (Sintashta culture), Nurataldy-1, Kenotkel XVIII (Petrov culture) and Shaitan Lake II (Koptyakovskaya culture). According to the formal and typological features, the specimens found are divided into two subtypes: the early one Abashev-Sintashta and the later one Petrovsky-Koptyakovsky. The Dolgaya Gora finding presupposes the birth of this type of tools in the late Abashev culture of the Urals. The well-known ethnographic parallels allow us to establish that the products were intended for straining poles, sanding the tree, removing the core from blanks and other works related to woodworking.

Влияние социально-стрессовых факторов на суицидальное поведение у пациентов с психическими и поведенческими расстройствами в Карагандинской области.

Влияние социально-стрессовых факторов на суицидальное поведение у пациентов с психическими и поведенческими расстройствами в Карагандинской области.

CLINICAL LABORATORY INVESTIGATION OF REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH OF WOMEN LIVING IN ECOLOGICALLY UNFAVORABLE REGIONS OF KAZAKHSTAN

In the area under study, mainly saline and solonetsous territories. The situation negatively affects the offspring of the population living in the region Continuing the work on assessing the impact of climatic and anthropogenic factors of the Aral region on the reproductive health of the female population, we compared the reproductive health of women living in five settlements of the Kyzylorda region and two settlements in the Karaganda region. There were observed 686 women in the zone of environmental crisis, 720 women living in the zone of environmental disaster and 388 women living in the Karaganda region in areas bordering the Aral Sea region. The examination was carried out on the basis of an integrated clinical-functional and laboratory examination, taking into account regional and environmental ecological factors. In the Kyzylorda region, there is a delayed onset of menarche occurred in girls older than 16 years (39%), there is a tendency to rejuvenate the age of the onset of menopause. In the Karaganda region, late menarche occurs only in 12% of cases. A third of the examined women suffered from inflammatory diseases of female genital organs in both regions. Perinatal losses, cases of spontaneous interruption and/or undeveloped pregnancies in the anamnesis are repeated many times, in zones of the ecological catastrophe and the environmental crisis there are frequent as one in four women. However, in the Karaganda region, this value figure was almost 3 times less (14%).

Анализ заболеваемости внутрибольничными инфекциями в Карагандинской области.

Анализ заболеваемости внутрибольничными инфекциями в Карагандинской области.

Поселение сакского времени Абылай в Центральном Казахстане

The settlement of Abylai is located in the Karkaralinsky district of the Karaganda region, northwest of the Nurken village. The site was discovered in 2004 by A.Z. Beisenov during exploration work. The buildings with stone bases are located on the south – eastern slope of the hill and occupy a meridian strip about100 m long and about 20 m wide. Near the settlement there are two streams. The article provides the data of the excavation 1, laid down in the settlement in 2016. On the area of 208 m2, the remains of nine small stone structures of residential and economic purpose were discovered, with rounded and elongated shapes. More than 1200 fragments from molded vessels with flat bottoms and over 200 stone tools and blanks were found on the excavation area. 143 fragments are the coronals of the vessels. A small part of the disheshave the ornament in the form of small pits and “pearls”. The bulk of tools are made of tuff, granite and sandstone. In total, 2256 bones of animals found on excavation site 1 were studied. Specific definition was made in relation to 754 bones. All definable bones are related to domestic animals: small horned livestock, cattle, horses. Such data of the monument, as features of topography and planning, ceramic complex, are uniquely close to the previously studied settlements of the Saka time of Central Kazakhstan, dated within the 7th – 5th centuries BC.

Economic Condition, Protected Areas, and Water Resources of Ulytau Region - as a Source of Tourist Destination

This paper examines the economic development of the Ulytau district in Karaganda region of the Republic of Kazakhstan and explores the opportunities for tourism development in this region. Indicators of Karaganda region including Ulytau district are described by considering the official statistical indicators. As a real sector of the economy of Ulytau district, the growth of production volumes of small enterprises, the diagram of placement of visitors for the purposes of the trip, fluctuations in the volume of services provided by places of accommodation were studied. At the same time, the main indicators of the activities of libraries and museums are considered as the research’s objects, because it is important to introduce tourists with the region’s historical and cultural values.

PP.11.16] ETHNIC DIFFERENCES IN HYPERTENSION PREVALENCE, AWARENESS, TREATMENT AND CONTROL IN THE THREE COUNTRIES

Objective: Many of countries include large Russian populations from the soviet time which leave in the environment of other cultures for several generations.High hypertension prevalence and low control is the common problem for most The Commonwealth of Independent States countries. Design and method: This study is cross-sectional epidemiology survey of chronic non-communicable diseases and its risk factors in rural areas of three countries performed in 2012–2014. Data on representative samples of the rural population of the Samara region of the Russian Federation (n = 1050),Chui region of the Kyrgyz Republic (n = 1341)and Karaganda region of Kazakhstan (n = 1807). All results were age-standardized.The share of Russian population in Kyrgyz and Kazakh samples were 36,8% and 32,9%. Results: Age-standardized hypertension prevalence in Russia was 40,1%, in Kyrgyzstan-37,1%, in Kazakhstan-31,8%.It was significantly higher among women than men (p < 0,01). In Russian region,average SBP was 127,1 ± 12,8 mmHg, DBP was 79,6 ± 13,7 mmHg, without gender differences.In Kyrgyzstan we found significant differences in SBP between the Russian and Kyrgyz women (129,3 and 123,3 mmHg, p < 0,05), in Kazakhstan there were significant differences in SBP were observed among Russian and Kazakh men (127,7 vs. 122,2 mmHg, p < 0,05). Hypertension awareness was 59,1% in Russia, 53,3% in Kyrgyzstan, 54,8% in Kazakhstan (p > 0,05).The women were aware of hypertension more than men in Samara (63,3% vs 55,3%, p < 0,05) and Kyrgyzstan (60,9% and 42,1%, p < 0,01), in Kazakhstan were no gender differences (50,6% and 51,1%, p > 0,05). Among hypertensive participants, the percentage of treated hypertension in Samara was significantly higher than in Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan (41,2% vs.26,7%, 25,3%, p < 0,01).In Kyrgyzstan we found ethnic differences among both genders: in native population (23,8% women and 13,1% men) hypertension treatment was significantly lower than in Russian population (36,5% vs.23,7%), p < 0,01.In Kazakhstan there was the similar picture:(18,8%vs.23,3%, p < 0,05). In Samara 37,1% of adults with hypertension had controlled BP levels what was significantly higher compared with residents in Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan (23,7% and 22,9%, (p < 0,01)). In Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan were no ethnic differences in hypertension control (p > 0,05). Conclusions: Highest hypertension prevalence among the three countries was in the Russia and in Russian population in Kyrgyzstan.Hypertension awareness in Russia was higher.In Kyrgyzstan,hypertension awareness was lower among Russian women.Among hypertensive participants,the percentage of treated hypertension in Samara was most. In Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan hypertension treatment was lower among native population.Most higher percentage of controlled BP was in Samara.

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN KAZAKHSTAN IN 2013-2015

The authors have carried out a review of traffic accidents occurrence the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2013-2015. A favorable trend -indices decrease of traffic accidents from 2013 has been revealed as well as considerable differences between the regions of Kazakhstan according to the figures have been discovered. Country regions with the most unfavorable situation in traffic accidents and population mortality as a result of traffic accidents have been specified. Among them: Almaty region, Kyzylorda region, Atyrau region, Karaganda region and Mangistau region. The necessity to set a trauma registry has been specified. It allows to work out programs of traffic accidents primary prevention considering regions' local peculiarities.

Children burials of the Saka times in Central Kazakhstan

The materials on the children burials belonging to Tasmola culture in Central Kazakhstan were studied by M.K. Kadyrbaev and A.Z. Beisenov. As the analysis of available data shows there are only nine studied children burials of Tasmola culture. It is possible that some of the children graves, represented by small mounds, do not contain accompanying subjects and in the early period of research they were not mentioned on the pages of scientific publications and reports. New research shows that, along with small mounds, there are significant ones distinguished by their parameters and structure. Two of the nine constructions have diameters higher than 20 m, one of them is 18 m and particularly notable is the kurgan 7 in the burial ground Akbeit studied in Karaganda Region. Its diameter is 21,5 m, height 2,5 m. A four or five year old child, probably a girl, was buried there. The child was buried in a rich dress, as evidenced by gold torque, worn around the neck, and two gold earrings, a bronze mirror, a bone case for cosmetics. Children burials of Tasmola culture as well as the adult burials indicate social strata of that society.

Round dwellings of the saka epoch

Based on the excavation materials from the settlement Tuyetas studied by the author on the territory of Karaganda Region, the characteristics of such a type of Saka dwellings as round houses are considered. According to archaeological research, on the territory of Kazakhstan rounded frame dwellings, along with rectangular, were commonly widespread in the Bronze Age. The frame house with round plan is known from the materials of Saka time Zhetysu (settlement Butakty-1). On the settlement Tuyetas on the excavated area of 408 square meters the remains of foundations of round houses and two annexes were revealed. The author suggests that it was the house of the yurt-shaped form with a powerful stone base with a minimum width of 1 m and a wooden top. The construction with the overall diameter of about 13 m had several rooms, extensive grounds which were also made of stone. One round room with a diameter of about 33,5 m was in the centre. Wooden poles on the frame walls of the room at the same time supported the upper structure of the house. Houses of round plan were opened at the Saka settlement Sarybuyrat, located near the settlement of Tuyetas. This type of construction is recorded in a number of other not yet studied settlements in Central Kazakhstan. The study of Saka settlements in Central Kazakhstan is at the initial stage. The source base should be broadened for a comprehensive analysis of many aspects, including features and types of dwellings.

Level of FABP3, FABP4, Nt-proBNP and Total Cardiovascular Risk in the Population of Central Kazakhstan.

AIM:The study analyzed the level of cytokines playing the significant role in the diagnosis of circulatory system diseases and total cardiovascular risk.MATERIAL AND METHODS:The study involved 1,244 residents of Karaganda region. We had studied baseline participant characteristics, in addition to calculating the total cardiovascular risk and assessment of Fatty Acid Binding Proteins 3 (FABP3), Fatty Acid Binding Proteins 4 (FABP4) and N-Terminal Prohormone of Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) level.RESULTS:The results showed the combination of high cardiovascular risk (CVR) with increased titers of cardiac markers, reflecting common pathogenic mechanisms in its development, among residents of Karaganda region.CONCLUSION:The combination of high CVR with the increased titers of cardiac markers showed common pathogenic mechanisms in its development, and support the diagnostic and prognostic value of these parameters among residents of Karaganda region, and also reflects the possibility to include these cardiac markers in the program of screening survey of population for early prevention of cardiovascular disease and its complications.

Степной орёл в Карагандинской области, Казахстан

Between June 22 and July 18, 2017, fieldworks were carried out to study the population structure and demographic characteristics of the Steppe Eagle breeding groups ( Aquila nipalensis ) in the central part of the Karaganda region of Kazakhstan. In the course of the work 808 birds we found, 280 Steppe Eagle breeding territories were localized. Within 10 registration areas 277 Steppe Eagle breeding territories (96.18 % ) were examined, including 70 successful nests with 102 nestlings. The occupation of breeding territories was 87.73 %, while the percentage of active nests in the occupied breeding territories was 69.14 %. Successful were 42.26 % of nests from the number of active nests and 25.63 % from the number of identified breeding territories. The number of nestlings in broods ranged from 1 to 3, averaging (n=71) 1.45±0.56 nestlings per successful nest and (n=168) 0.61±0.80 nestlings per occupied nest. With a very high percentage of nests with unsuccessful breeding (54.46 % of the number of active ones), high percentage of nests with dead clutch was recorded – 34.55 % of the number of nests with unsuccessful breeding. Distribution density of Steppe Eagle active nests averaged 7.67/100 km2, varying in different areas from 4.11 to 12.90/100 km2. The distribution density of Steppe Eagle successful nests on the areas varied from 0 to 4.81/100 km2 averaged 3.24/100 km2. For the area of habitats suitable for breeding across the Karaganda region (142,549.9 km2), the abundance of the Steppe Eagle in nesting was 4,794–5,814, at average 5,275 pairs and 2,183–2,647, at average 2,402 successful pairs.

Studying of Plants Populations in the Conditions of Industrial Pollution in the Neighborhood of the Cities of the Karaganda Region

Objective In the article the results of studying of structure of plant populations are given in the neighborhood of the industrial cities of Temirtau, Balkhash, Zhezkazgan and in adjacent territories. Methods Field researches were conducted route-recognostic and semiportable methods. For each vegetable community established full floristic structure, determined phases of phenological development of separate species, their vital state, abundance (by a scale of Drudae), placement, morphometric parameters (height, development). Population density was estimated on the basis of data on a projective covering of vegetation. The age structure of communities we studied with application of methodological recommendations of R. Rabotnov. Reference of plants to this or that age state - based on a complex of qualitative morphological features the fresh and herbarizated plants. Results It has defined that round the industrial cities there is a loss longterm long vegetative elements, the share the ruderal grassy oneyear elements increases. Conclusion The carried-out analysis of a ratio a bio morph showed considerable changes and in the ratio trees, bushes, semi-low shrubs, grassy perennials and annual and biennial plants

ETHNIC SPECIFICS OF THE MAIN CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS PREVALENCE AMONG RURAL INHABITANTS OF A RUSSIAN REGION AND REGIONS OF KYRGYZSTAN AND KAZAKHSTAN

Aim . To investigate on the prevalence of the main cardiovascular RF among inhabitants of rural regions in three countries: Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, with the analysis of ethnic specifics (by the data from Interepid study). Material and methods . The study has been conducted under the framework of international project “Interepid”. Into analysis, the representative selections included, of rural inhabitants from Volga district of Samara Region of Russia (n=1050), from Chuysky Region of Kyrgyzstan Republic (n=1341) and Karaganda Region of Kazakhstan Republic (n=1807), age 25-64 y. o. Under the framework of “Interepid”, the investigation included questionnaires by special chart, objective data and laboratory tests. Smoking was set if at least one cigarette per day. Arterial hypertension was set by criteria of increased BP and in normal BP if on treatment. Obesity criteria: body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 as body mass in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Results. Among the three analyzed countries, smoking was most prevalent in the Russians in Kazakhstan, and the lowest — in Russia. Russian men smoked more commonly comparing to native inhabitants in Kazakhstan, as in Kyrgyzstan. Arterial hypertension prevalence in the five analyzed groups showed the most prevalence among Russian population in Kyrgyzstan. In Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, among men the mean SBP values were significantly higher in Russians. Obesity was the most prevalent among rural inhabitants of Kyrgyzstan, among men and women of Kyrgyz nationality, and the peak of this parameter was at 50-59 y. o.; obesity prevalence declined after 60 y. o. Conclusion. There remains high prevalence of CVD risk factors on the postsoviet area. The data obtained, points on ethnic differences of the main CVD risk factors inside the countries. It was shown that at populational level the Russians, living in rural areas of Middle Asia countries have more risk factors comparing to the Russians living in Russia (Samarskaya Region).

Dromos Burials of Tasmola Culture in Central Kazakhstan

Based on the archeological materials, specialists have concluded that, in the age of Saka, a large Tasmola,historical and cultural community existed on the territory of Central, North Kazakhstan and steppe part of the southernUral. The core of this community was the tribes living in Central Kazakhstan. The Tasmola culture was revealed bymaterials of 1950-1960, was localized at that region. Over the last 15 years, the authors have been obtaining new dataon peculiarities of the tombs arrangement, which was unknown before. The paper considered dromos burials of Tasmolaculture which were excavated by the authors on the territory of Karaganda region. Dromos tombs, in most cases, wereattributable to burials of the elite. The elite burials were also distinguished by stone constructions above a tomb.

Dromos burials of the saka time in the Nazar site (Central Kazakhstan)

In recent years, numerous new sites of Tasmola culture have been studied. New materials significantly supplement the existing ideas about the culture of the population of Central Kazakhstan of Saka era. The present article focuses on three monuments of the early Saka time studied by the author in the Nazar site in Central Kazakhstan. This kurgan with stone ridges Nazar and two other kurgans compose the burial ground Nazar-2. The monument is located in the Karaganda region, which is geographically an eastern part of the Kazakh hills. In addition to the studied objects on the coast of the river Nazar, there are three unexplored burial grounds of the Saka era. All structures of these burial grounds, including those which have not been excavated yet, can be combined by common external features. As a result of excavations graves with dromos oriented to the east were discovered in all three mounds. The diameters of the kurgans are 2023 m, their height is 1,51,7 m. A bronze arrowhead of the early Saka type was found in kurgan 1 of the burial ground Nazar-2. Such monuments, which are characterized by a large size and complex structure, belong to the early stage of Tasmola culture VIII-VI cc. BC. Three radiocarbon dates obtained on bone samples from mounds № 1 and № 2 of burial ground Nazar-2 in the laboratories of the Royal University of Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom and the University of Miami, USA do not contradict that. According to the author, such detail of the funeral rite as dromos oriented to the east, can be genetically traced back to the cultural traditions of the people of the late Bronze Age in Central Kazakhstan. Tasmola culture of Central Kazakhstan was opened in 1960. New materials largely complement the existing ideas about this culture.

THE CONDITION OF THE CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL RESOURCES OF THE PAVLODAR REGION

The Pavlodar region is located in the northeast of Kazakhstan. The most part of the territory of the Pavlodar region is in limits of the South of the West Siberian Plain on average a watercourse of the river Irtysh, and occupies the space of 127,5 thousand km ². In the north the area borders with the Russian Federation (Omsk region), in the south - with the Karaganda region, in the east - with East Kazakhstan, in the West - with Akmolinskaya and North Kazakhstan regions. Total, there are about 1000 archaeological monuments in the area, most of which, 705 are included in "The arch of monuments of the Pavlodar region", but the potential of their further identification isn't exhausted yet. From 12 districts of the region, the greatest numbers of monuments of archeology are three largest districts, Bayanaul, Mayskiy and Ekibastuz have, and then follow Pavlodar, Lebyazhinskiy, Shcherbaktinskiy and other districts. The article discusses the situation in the region at the moment as the main tourist cluster component.

Treatment of distal occlusion in children

The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of distal occlusion in children of Karaganda region and improvement of orthodonontic appliances treatment methods. Complex dental examination of 1500 children of rural districts of the Karaganda region was carried out. Dental examination showed that 88% of children had dental and facial anomalies. Distal occlusion occured in 42% of children. There is a high prevalence of distal occlusion in pediatric population of Karaganda region rural districts. The use of original orthodontic appliance allowed reducing treatment time by SD=0.5 months and meet the aesthetic requirements of the patients.

THE ROLE OF THE SOCIAL-ENTREPRENEURSHIP CORPORATIONS IN KAZAKHSTAN IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP MECHANISMS

The article describes the features of the establishment and functioning of the specialized institutions of the public-private partnership the social-entrepreneurship corporations in Kazakhstan. Based on the study of foreign experience of the creation of similar organizations, the advantages and problems of their functioning have been determined. The social-entrepreneurship corporations of Kazakhstan have a non-profit corporation model, but their mission is to meet the challenges of gaining profit and investments for the socio-economic development of the regions. This article describes the functioning activities of the socialentrepreneurship corporation Saryarka of Karaganda region, the dynamics and structure of its investment portfolio and the main problems are determined in it.