Department Of Junin Research Articles

Systematics of the American Katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae). Communication 11

A new material on the Neotropical genera Lichenomorphus Cadena-Castaсeda, 2011, Dissonulichen Cadena-Castaсeda, 2011, Theia Brunner-Wattenwyl, 1891, Hetaira Brunner-Wattenwyl, 1891 and Anaulacomera Stål, 1873 (Phaneropterinae) are considered with description of one new subgenus, 16 new species and six new subspecies: Euceraicerca subgen. nov. from Anaulacomera s. l.; L. dietrichi sp. nov. from Panama (Chiriqui Prov.); L. piraniucayali subsp. nov. from Peru (Ucayali Department); D. roseola sp. nov. from Peru (Cusco Department); Th. (Theia) albamacula sp. nov. from Peru (Cusco Department); Th. (Th.) sergeii sp. nov. from Peru (Cusco Department); H. (Hetaira) miaria sp. nov. from Peru (Cusco Department); A. (Cervicercora) tshugaevae sp. nov. from Peru (Cusco Department); A. (C.) lehnfeldae sp. nov. from Peru (Cusco Department); A. (C.) cristalica sp. nov. from Peru (Junin Department); A. (C.) rectiapex cusco subsp. nov. from Peru (Cusco Department); A. (C.) abrupta sp. nov. from Peru (Cusco Department); A. (C.) a. neglecta subsp. nov. from Peru (Junin Department); A. (C.) superapex hamata subsp. nov. from Peru (Cusco Department); A. (C.) lativenosa sp. nov. from Peru (Loreto Department); A. (C.) l. serrata subsp. nov. from Peru (Junin and Cusco Departments); A. (C.) angustissima sp. nov. from Peru (Cusco Department); A. (C.) rotundiloba sp. nov. from Peru (Cusco Department); A. (C.) abbreviata urubamba subsp. nov. from Peru (Cusco Department); A. (Oecella) panama sp. nov. from Panama (Panama Prov.); A. (Oe.?) leonidi sp. nov. from Peru (Junin and Cusco Departments); A. (?) minicercata sp. nov. from Peru (Cusco Department); A. (?) viadanocerca sp. nov. from Peru (Cusco and Junin Departments). Previously unknown female and male of H. (Atopana) morona Gorochov, 2014 and H. (H.) angusta Gorochov, 2014, respectively, are described. Some new data on geographical distribution of a few species are also given.

A New Species of Terrestrial-Breeding Frog, Genus Pristimantis (Anura: Strabomantidae), from the Peruvian Yungas of Central Peru

We describe a new species of terrestrial-breeding frog of the genus Pristimantis from the Peruvian Yungas ecoregion of central Peru, Junin Department. The description is based on the observation of morphological features, color patterns of fourteen specimens, bioacoustic traits of the advertisement calls, and a phylogenetic analysis using a sequence fragment of 16S rRNA. The new species is mainly characterized by having a rounded or truncate snout in dorsal view, presence of dorsolateral folds, tympanic membrane and annulus distinct, absence of flash marks on the hidden surfaces of flanks and hindlimbs, and a small size (maximum SVL 15.6 mm in males and 19.3 mm in females). We provide diagnostic traits to differentiate the new species from phylogenetically close relatives, as well as morphologically similar and sympatric species of Pristimantis.

Systematics of the American Katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae). Communication 10

A new material on the Neotropical genus Anaulacomera Stål, 1873 from its subgenera Anallomes Stål, 1875, Stenotegmora subgen. nov., Irisovia subgen. nov. and Munticercora Gorochov, 2020 is considered with description of six new species and one new subspecies: A. (Anallomes) galarzai sp. nov. from Peru (Junin Department: Satipo Prov.); A. (A.) monicae sp. nov. from Peru (Junin Department: Satipo Prov.); A. (S.) adunca sp. nov. from Peru (Junin Department: Satipo Prov.); A. (S.) spinifera sp. nov. from Peru (Ucayali Department: Atalaya Prov.); A. (S.) originalis sp. nov. from Peru (Junin Department: Satipo Prov.); A. (I.) grigoryi sp. nov. from Peru (Junin Department: Satipo Prov.); A. (M.) sclerogenitalis woronovi subsp. nov. from Colombia (“Penas Blancos, Rio Magdalena”). The above-mentioned new subgenera are distinguished from all the other subgenera of this genus by the following features: Stenotegmora subgen. n. by narrower tegmina, and the male genitalia with a large median inflation on the dorsal fold; Irisovia subgen. n. by the male last abdominal tergite with strongly denticulate posterior lobes, the male cerci short but thick and with distal processes having numerous spinule-like setae, and the male genitalia membranous. For A. (M.) psedoepiproctalis Gorochov, 2020 and A. (M.) s. sclerogenitalis Gorochov, 2020, some important geographical mistakes in their type data are corrected (Ecuador and Mexico instead Peru, respectively), and for the latter taxon, a previously unknown female is described.

Helminth parasites of bats (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) in the Department of Junin, Peru and Check list of records made in Peru

This research aimed to determine the parasitic helminth fauna of Phyllostomid bats from Junin, Peru, as well as to prepare an updated check list of records made in Peru. Thirty bats of 6 different species belonging to the family Phyllostomidae were captured in Chanchamayo, Junin, Peru. Regarding these species, Artibeus lituratus Olfers, 1818, A. planirostris (Spix, 1823) and Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus, 1758) were parasitized by trematodes, Phyllostomus discolor (Wagner, 1843) by cestodes and A. lituratus, A. planirostris, Carollia benkeithi Solari & Baker, 2006, C. perspicillata, Glossophaga soricina Pallas, 1766 and P. discolor by nematodes. The mean abundance of infection was greater for the trematodes with 175 specimens, followed by the nematodes with 115 specimens. Twenty-six parasitic species were found in the literature in the checklist developed in this study. Litomosoides brasiliensis Almeida, 1936 was the endoparasite with the highest number of hosts, and the number of hosts with at least one parasitic occurrence is 23 bat species in the checklist. All the parasites mentioned in the paper are new records for the department of Junin, Peru.

Estimación de heredabilidad de peso vivo y longitud de mecha en alpacas Huacaya

El estudio se realizó en la Sociedad Agrícola de Interés Social (SAIS) Pachacútec Ltda. No. 7,ubicada en la provincia de Yauli, departamento de Junín, a 4 200 m.s.n.m. Los objetivos fueron:hallar promedios, correlaciones, regresiones y heredabilidad de características productivas comopeso vivo, peso de vellón y longitud de mecha en alpacas Huacaya. Las características productivasde las 1363 alpacas evaluadas fueron: peso vivo, 58, 40±6, 37 kg; peso de vellón, 2, 27±0, 66kg y longitud de mecha, 11, 11 ± 1, 99 cm. Los pesos al nacimiento y destete de 522 crías fueron:7, 31 ± 1, 03 y 31, 41 ± 4, 96 kg, respectivamente. Los coeficientes de correlación parapeso vivo-peso de vellón y para peso de vellón-longitud de mecha en 1363 alpacas, tienen valoresde 0, 074y0, 311, respectivamente. Los coeficientes de regresión fueron: 0, 009 y 1, 20 parapeso vivo-peso de vellón y peso de vellón-longitud de mecha, respectivamente. Para estimar laheredabilidad, se utilizó registros de 764 alpacas madres (progenitoras) y sus respectivas crías(progenies). El cálculo de los componentes de varianza se ha realizado empleando la regresiónprogenie-progenitor. En consecuencia, los valores de heredabilidad del peso vivo y longitud demecha de alpacas Huacaya fueron 0, 27 ± 0, 08 y 0, 21 ± 0, 07, respectivamente.

Brote de jacapo en ovinos en Junín, Perú

Se describe un brote de jacapo en el distrito de Carhuamayo, departamento de Junin, Perú, que afectó a 10 animales de un rebaño de 150 ovinos Corriedale, criados bajo un sistema de crianza extensiva. Los animales afectados presentaron lesiones oculares y cutáneas en la región de la cabeza con diferentes grados de severidad. El jacapo fue descrito hace más de 20 años como una enfermedad esporádica en Perú; sin embargo, por efectos del cambio climático y el deterioro de la capa de ozono se está convirtiendo en una enfermedad emergente que viene afectando a la ganadería ovina de la sierra central del país.

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This research work has been motivated by activity handmade brick that produces impacts on the rural ecosystem of the ecosystem of the district of Huertas, province of Jauja, Junin department. The environmental damage of such activity constitutes infringement of a set of fundamental rights (health, life, freedom, etc.), generating thus a patrimonial damage and non-equity, collective, since we consider of utmost importance make an analysis on the regulation of non-contractual civil liability for environmental damage resulting from such activity. So that could get documentary information allowing to see the gravity which was the town of Huertas, since the pollution generated by bricks caused not only perjudice the heatlh of residents, but these were exposed to assume a possible liability for the polluting activity. Then, you could analyze the possibility of regulation of the matter in tort by reference to the principles of precaution and prevention, only in the field of environmental law, since these back to a better normative regulation against loopholes concerning attribution factors, causal link and responsable subjects. A conclusion can be determined that the phenomenon of pollution is an issue of utmost importance in the context of local, national and international.

Garden Pea used as a temporary crop to establish grass and legumes pastures: Effect on weed botanical composition

Esta investigacion se llevo a cabo en el Centro de Investigaciones IVITA de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos en el departamento de Junin, Peru. El objetivo principal fue determinar el efecto de plantas de arveja ( Pisum sativum ), sembradas al voleo para establecer un cultivo temporal, sobre la abundancia y composicion botanica de especies de malezas durante el establecimiento de una mezcla de pastos de gramineas y leguminosas en el Valle del Mantaro . Se evaluaron los siguientes tratamientos: T1, pasto mixto con deshierbe manual, sin arveja. T2, pasto mixto sin deshierbe y guisante de olor. T3, pasto mixto con guisante de olor y sin deshierbe. Se utilizo un diseno de bloques completamente aleatorizados con tres repeticiones para el analisis estadistico del experimento. Todas las parcelas fueron sembradas con, 10 kg ha-1 de Lolium multiflorum Justicia. 'Tama', 10 kg / ha de Lolium boucheanum K. 'Belinda', 5 kg / ha de Medicago sativa L. 'SW8210' y 3 kg / ha de Trifolium pratense L. 'Quinequeli'. 50 kg / ha-1 adicionales de Pisum sativum L. 'INIA 103 Remate' se difundieron primero en el tratamiento T3. La composicion botanica de las malezas se evaluo en los tratamientos T2 y T3. Las familias de malezas Asteraceae y Poaceae registraron mayor numero de especies mientras que la familia Brassicaceae registro la mayor abundancia, durante el establecimiento de pasturas en el Valle del Mantaro. Las especies mas importantes segun el Indice de Valor de Importancia (IVI) fueron: Brassica rapa subsp. campestris, Avena sativa y Medicago polymorpha .

TALLER PACHACUTEC 1.0 TRADICIÓN CULTURA Y PAISAJE EN HATUN CAJAS

The Pachacutec 1.0 workshop is an academic methodology proposed in an environment located between theurban and rural boundary of the province of Huancayo,department of Junin. In the first stage of this article, thegeographic and landscape qualities of the work site aredescribed, to later expand with a description of the mostimportant elements of the study environment, such asthe landscape, ancestral cultures and contemporarylocal traditions; then an explanation of the formulation ofthe conceptual idea of the proposed workshop is given,based on the antecedents of Andean cosmovision andhistorical data that shape and justify the workshop calledPachacutec. With the objective of developing a rural urbanintervention within a community, by linking the inhabitantsto their contributions, we can propose architecture coherent with their environment and real needs. This last stagecame to its conclusion with the presentation of the workin their own community where the students supportedwith all the graphic and visual information presented theirwork to the attending population, ending this academicstage very rich in experiences and social connections,cultural and academic.

Vocal and Molecular Phylogenetic Evidence for Recognition of a Thistletail Species (Furnariidae:Asthenes) Endemic to the Elfin Forests of Ayacucho, Peru

ABSTRACT The Andean Cordillera is notable for numerous centers of avian endemism along its great length. Yet, the narrow band of humid montane forest in eastern Ayacucho in south-central Peru is not known to harbor endemic bird species despite its position between two putative biogeographic barriers: the arid Apurimac and Mantaro river valleys. We report the first documented records of the endemic Ayacucho subspecies of Vilcabamba Thistletail, Asthenes vilcabambae ayacuchensis since its initial discovery and collection in 1968–1970. Unexpectedly, the previously unknown song of A. v. ayacuchensis is more similar to Eye-ringed Thistletail Asthenes palpebralis of Junin Department than to nominate A. v. vilcabambae of western Cuzco Department. Phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences reinforce vocal evidence, and support that A. v. ayacuchensis is more closely related to A. palpebralis and the Rusty-fronted Canastero A. ottonis than to A. v. vilcabambae. Based on distinct vocalizations, phylogeny, and diagnosab...

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VI Encuentro Cientifico Continental, organizado por la Universidad Continental. Se llevo a cabo los dias jueves 17 y viernes 18 de setiembre del 2015 en el Campus de la Universidad Continental, Huancayo, Peru.

Redescription of Mimon koepckeae (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)

Mimon koepckeae Gardner & Patton, 1972 is a poorly-known bat species, with only three known specimens, including the holotype. Its distribution is restricted to the type locality in Ayacucho Department, Peru, and surroundings. This species has been synonymized with M. crenulatum by some authors. Based on a new specimen of M. koepckeae collected from Santuario Nacional Pampa Hermosa, Junin Department, Peru, we provide an extensive morphological comparison with M. crenulatum (Geoffroy St.-Hilaire, 1803), Mimom bennettii (Gray, 1838), and Mimon cozumelae Goldman, 1914, concluding that M. koepckeae is a valid species. As a result the distribution range of the species is extended 160 km north of the type locality. In addition, we characterize the habitat of the species, provide current data on feeding behavior, and suggest that M. koepckeae should be categorized as endangered species.

A new species of Phrynopus (Anura: Craugastoridae) from the central Peruvian Andes.

We describe a new species of Phrynopus from the humid grassland of Distrito de Comas, Provincia Concepcion, Department of Junin. The new species is diagnosed by the lack of dentigerous processes of vomers, tympanic annulus and membrane imperceptible through the skin, males with nuptial pads and vocal slits, warty dorsal skin, and aerolate throat, belly and ventral surfaces of thighs, by possessing pronounced subconical tubercles in the post-tympanic area, by having rounded finger and toe tips with no disc structure, and by its overall dark brown to black coloration with few white and yellow spots in the dorsum and a dark-brown belly with white to gray blotches. Specimens were found under stones at a single area of the central Peruvian Andes at elevations between 4205-4490 m.a.s.l. The eggs had an average diameter of 4.3 mm. With the description and naming of the new species, the genus Phrynopus now contains 26 species, all of them endemic to Peru, and five of which are restricted to Departamento Junin.

Cisticercosis diseminada: reporte de un caso en Perú

Cysticercosis is a neglected and endemic disease in Peru that commonly affects the central nervous system (CNS), causing neurocysticercosis (NCC). However, only a few reports of disseminated cysticercosis (DCC) exist in the world. In this article we present a case report of a male, 82 year old patient from the department of Junin (Peru). He presented a sudden loss of consciousness associated with generalized tonic-clonic seizures. CT scan and brain MRI showed multiple cystic lesions with scolex presence inside and compatible with massive NCC. Thoracic, abdominal and pelvic MRI showed multi-organ dissemination of cysticerci. Although there is little therapeutic experience in cases of DCC, the patient received deworming treatment with albendazole and corticoids, in this way a favorable clinical outcome was achieved without complications during hospitalization.

Evaluación fisicoquímica y bromatológica de cuatro variedades nativas de papa (Solanum SPP.)

Se evaluaron cuatro variedades nativas de papa: amarilla runtus (Solanum goniocalyx), huayro (Solanum chaucha), peruanita (Solanum goniocalyx Juz. & Bukasov) y huamantanga (Solanum tuberosum andigena), procedentes de la provincia de Huancayo, región Junín. Estas variedades presentaron diámetro promedio mayor a 30 mm, forma redondeada y alargada, piel amarilla y rojiza. El contenido de materia seca fue de 22,98 a 31,80%, presentando relación directa con la gravedad específica y el contenido de almidón, de 17,50 a 26,20%. Los altos contenidos de almidón y materia seca encontrados las clasifican como tubérculos de alta calidad culinaria, siendo adaptables para la fabricación de productos deshidratados o fritos. Las muestras secas, en gramos por ciento, presentaron: proteínas totales 6,75 a 10,54; extracto etéreo 0,22 a 0,35; ceniza 2,23 a 3,79; fibra cruda 1,48 a 2,33; carbohidratos 84,01 a 87,89; azúcares reductores 1,50 a 1,80; acidez total 0,13 a 0,28; valor calórico 380,20 a 382,86 Kcal. El contenido de vitamina C fue de 7,85 a 16,19 mg%. El pH varió de 6,30 a 6,90.

Capacidad antioxidante de poblaciones silvestres de “tara” (Caesalpinia spinosa) de las localidades de Picoy y Santa Fe (Provincia de Tarma, departamento de Junín)

Peru is the main supplier of , because our country has a variety of climates and soil types, by allowing the crop during most of the year. Junin department has natural populations of tara who have not yet been characterized biochemical or genetically, which could be harnessed for the benefit of local communities. In this work we report the antioxidant capacity of tara from the localities of Picoy and Santa Fe, both located in Tarma, Junin. We used the technique of DPPH and ABTS to evaluate the antioxidant capacity for the determination of phenols and flavonoids were used Folin-Ciocalteau reagent according to the technique of Singleton. Picoy sample reported a higher amount of phenols being of 563.70 mg/g dry extract, while the amount of flavonoids was 0.664 mg/g. The antioxidant capacity showed a better response in the sample of Picoy, reporting through a DPPH IC50 1.244 mg/ml and 35.3% ABTS inhibition. These data could be used to increase the added value and improve the supply of this resource in this area due to better antioxidantl characteristics.

Encuesta serológica para hidatidosis humana por la prueba de doble difusión arco 5, en la provincia de Chupaca, Junín, Perú.

To determine the frequency of hydatidosis in school children in Chupaca province, Junin department (central Andes from Peru), in September 2000. One hundred and sixty blood samples were taken from health school students with ages between 12 to 19 years old, 89 (55.6%) were male. Sera were tested by the arc 5 double-diffusion (DD5) test. It was detected 11 (6.8%) seropositives cases of hydatidosis, 5 were female. Hydatidosis infection remains a major health problem in Chupaca province, where sheep raising is widely practiced.

Efecto antiinflamatorio en ratones de extractos de Calceolaria tripatita R & P, comparación fitoquímica con el extracto hidroalcoholico de Calceolaria melissifolia "Bentham"

Los estudios de investigación se orientaron a comprobar la actividad antiinflamatoria, atribuida por el uso popular, en el distrito de Pilcomayo, provincia de Huancayo, departamento de Junín, de la especie Calceolaria tripartita R & P. Se trabajó con las partes aéreas (hojas y tallos) de la planta perteneciente al Género Calceolaria y a la Familia Scrophulariaceae. Se hicieron extracciónes continuas por Soxhlet. Se realizó un screening fitoquímico preliminar del extracto etanólico en el cual se halló: alcaloides, catequinas, esteroides y/o triterpenos, flavonoides, saponinas y taninos. De igual forma se procedió con el extracto diclorometánico, en contrándose: aceites esenciales, ácidos grasos, cumarinas, esteroides y triterpenos. La actividad farmacológica se realizó según el método del edema auricular inducido por aceite de croton en ratones, evaluando la actividad antiinflamatoria de los extractos etanólico y diclorometánico a una dosis de 1 mg/oreja, frente a fármacos de conocida actividad antiinflamatoria como son la dexametasona acetato y la indometacina, los cuales fueron empleados a una dosis de 0,1 mg/oreja y 0,5 mg/oreja respectivamente. Ambos extractos poseen actividad antiinflamatoria, presentando mayor actividad el extracto etanólico. Por otra parte al realizar el estudio antimicrobiano del extracto acuoso de las partes aéreas de Calceolaria melissifolia Bentham Subsp. Pseudocabra (Edwin) Molau., procedente de la provincia de Celendín, departamento de Cajamarca, constituido por compuestos fenólicos tipo flavonoides de las que se aislaron e identificaron tres como 7,4' -di-O-alquil-3,5,3'-trihidroxiflavonol; 5,7,4' -tri-O-alquil-3',5'dihidroxiflavanona y S,7,4'-trihidroxiflavona mediante métodos cromatográficos y espectroscópicos UV-Visible en metanol y con reactivos de desplazamiento, además de taninos y esteroides; se encontró que inhibe el crecimiento de Staphylocoeeus aureus y una inhibición parcial del crecimiento de Escherichia coli.

Composición y estructura de la comunidad fitoplanctónica en la laguna tranca grande (Junín, Perú)

La laguna Tranca Grande es un sistema en donde se realiza la truchicultura, actividad productiva que sustenta a la laguna desde 1995. Se localiza en el piso Páramo o Montano Tropical en el departamento de Junín, provincia de Jauja a 4320 msnm (11º43’57" S) y (75º13’18" W). Entre enero y diciembre de 1996, mensualmente se evaluó la composición y estructura comunitaria del fitoplancton superficial, en relación con 21 variables físico-químicas de las aguas. Se registraron 51 especies correspondientes a las Divisiones Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta, Euglenophyta, Chrysophyta y Pyrrophyta. Las especies dominantes fueron Gloeocystis gigas, y Ulothrix sp. En el período lluvioso la precipitación atmosférica influye en la dilución y sedimentación de los macronutrientes responsables de la conductividad, alcalinidad, dureza total, calcio y magnesio, los cuales disminuyen sus valores, así como los valores de la diversidad y la densidad, que también decrecen. En el período de estiaje, las características mencionadas se presentan de manera inversa al período lluvioso. Se definió dos ecuaciones que pueden utilizarse para predecir el número de especies y la densidad del fitoplancton mediante un Análisis de Regresión Múltiple: a) N.º de especies = 7,32 + 10,59 (Transparencia) - 0,1614 (dureza de calcio) + 4,90 (nitratos). b) Densidad = -1,00 + 4397,18 (pH) - 223,6 (alcalinidad total) -1,4 (fosfato)

Distribution of hydatidosis and cysticercosis in different Peruvian populations as demonstrated by an enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) assay. The Cysticercosis Working Group in Peru (CWG).

A serosurvey for human hydatidosis and cysticercosis was performed in different regions of Peru. Those regions included a known endemic area for cystic hydatid disease, a cooperative in the central Peruvian Andes near the city of Tarma, Department of Junin; three areas endemic for cysticercosis in the Departments of Ancash, Cuzco, and San Martin, where the status of hydatid disease is not well defined; and an urban shantytown near Lima, where neither zoonosis is known to be present. A seroprevalence for hydatidosis 1.9% (6 of 309) was found with both the enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) and double diffusion assays in the area endemic for hydatidosis. Seroprevalence in the other zones tested was zero using only the EITB assay. Cysticercosis seroprevalence was high in pig-raising zones but low in the high-altitude, sheep-raising areas and in the seaport of Callao. No cross-reactions between Echinococcus granulosus and cysticercosis were noted in any of the regions studied. Hydatid infection remains a major health problem in the central Peruvian Andes where sheep raising is widely practiced; however, in those regions where mainly swine are raised, human hydatid infection is not a problem.