Journalistic Texts Research Articles

Ai and human created media texts: experiment results

Many journalists and experts are concerned about how widespread of AI-machines may affect the world of information. Changes can affect both the journalists themselves and the audiences. There are already a number of projects in Kazakhstan introducing the AI usage, however, they do not relate to journalism. Texts created by AI are still not typical for the domestic media sector. In order to understand how Kazakhstani consumers of information relate to such texts, we conducted an experiment based on an electronic questionnaire (the main research method). There was no data in the domestic scientific literature on the question whether people are able to distinguish the text written by AI from the text written by a real journalist. This research question formed the basis of our experiment. The purpose of the study is to determine the qualities of a journalistic text that make it possible to distinguish it from a robotic text. The scientific significance is due to the relevance of the topic, the in- terdisciplinary direction of work. Practical significance lies in the ability to use data in several scientific fields. The results show that the majority of media consumers (135 participants out of 153) were able to distinguish two texts and identify which of them belongs to the robot. Additionally, according to the an- swers, Kazakhstani mediaconsumers are not ready for the appearance of AI texts in the mass media, they consider them poor quality, incomprehensible, logically unrelated and, in principle, respondents prefer texts written by a person – a professional journalist. Most likely, this trend will continue over the next several years. This work contributes to solving the problem of using AI in the media sphere. Key words: journalism, AI, media text, mass media, robo-journalism.

Methods of Presenting Information in the Journalism of B. Omaruly

The journalistic side of Bauyrzhan Omaruly, who has his own style in the development of the national press, is unique in that he knows how to raise a topical issue. Whatever problem B. Omaruly wrote, he approached it carefully and with great responsibility. Its freshness of idea and uniqueness lies in the clarity of the author's position.  Bauyrzhan's travel essays, which give life to living and non-living things, have become readers' favorite works. Therefore, we believe that looking into the workshop of the resourceful journalist B. Omaruly and identifying its features is a necessary topic for domestic journalism. The main purpose of the scientific article is to show the problematic, thematic features of the journalistic works of B. Omaruly, to determine his artistic abilities and to express his civil position. Omaruly is a writer who studies the chosen topic in detail. He has a deep knowledge of journalistic research methods. At the same time, the choice and discovery of the topic by the publicist were analyzed from the point of view of creative abilities. His desire to master the genre of the journalistic work (analytical, artistic, journalistic, epistolary) is determined by the analysis of specific articles, essays, interviews, journalistic studies. The publicist not only master these genres, but also has a unique style in their transformation. The article analyzes journalistic texts by B. Omaruly, published in the newspapers «Leninshil zhas» («Zhas Alash»), «Aikyn», in terms of genre, theme, problem, language, style, features of the author's position. His original style, personality and curiosity are explored in his other works. Omaruly is a writer with a unique style in domestic journalism. His personality is reflected in the chosen topic, the nature of the writer who studies the issue in detail, his respect for national values ​​and boundless love for the Motherland, high taste for the art of speech. In the works of B. Omaruly a special reflection of nature and man, the relationship between man and society, the fate of the individual appeared. This is an excellent school for today's young journalists.          Keywords: national journalism, publicist, press, essay, Bauyrzhan Omaruly.

Past and Present in the Media Environment: Value Resonance

The article raises the question of the special properties of the modern media environment, capable of playing many social roles – an informer, a reasoner, an archiver, etc. The most diverse texts in a latent form are “on the shelves” of the network space, but once brought together in one semantic field they are capable of causing the cumulative effect on the audience, resonating the values of the past in the present, actualizing them. This phenomenon is directly related to the phenomenon of historical memory, which is inherent in both society as a whole and its mass media, largely determines the behavior of a contemporary. The study of topical issues of the historical memory of the society, including its media environment, has become an integral part of the scientific research of philosophers, culturologists, and journalism theorists. Thus, the relevance of this article is determined by the requests from both science and practice ‒ the deepening of crisis situations in the world has led to the demand for analysis of the manifestations of historical memory in modern mass media. Historical memory is ambivalent, its presence in the public consciousness is always marked by ambiguous assessments and approaches to the facts of history and their significance in modern political and cultural life. It is more important to understand how the ideological and moral components of the past and the present are docking in the media environment of our days, to what extent they can resonate and, therefore, be included in the creative practice of the humanistically oriented mass media. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to determine the hermeneutic possibilities of the student youth in interpreting a historically significant journalistic text given in comparison with the politically relevant text of the modern media environment. Accordingly, a focus group program was drawn up from among students – future journalists specializing in media and society culture. Separated by more than half a century, the texts of the essay “Clash” (1963) by the “Izvestia“ journalist Anatoly Agranovsky and the conversations of the journalist-blogger Yury Podolyaka (2022) were submitted for discussion. The results of the focus group showed that in the actual field of meanings, the values of the past effectively resonate with the present, and their interpretation by the audience leads to a reassessment of the ideology as a component of the public consciousness in the direction of emphasizing the urgent need to create a unifying ideology in the life of modern Russian society.

КОНЦЕПТ «СИБИРСКИЙ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ» В АСПЕКТЕ ЛИНГВОИМИДЖЕЛОГИИ

The article discusses the concept of “Siberian Federal University” in the aspect of the theory of linguoimageology, the aim of which is to study and develop technologies for creating an image of someone, something through the use of language tools that effectively influence the creation of a positive image of an object. The purpose of the article is to create an image modeling of the Siberian Federal University based on the exclusive properties of this object. In the course of a linguo-cognitive analysis of empirical material (journalistic texts about SibFU), the components of the concept under study were identified; a frame-type model has been built, providing for the conceptual, pragmatic and evaluative characteristics of frame slots; the types of estimated values that prevail in the texts about the reserve are determined; the frequency of linguistic means – artistic tropes used in creating a positive image of the object under study – has been established. Analysis of the empirical material based on this model made it possible to identify gaps in the texts about the Siberian Federal University, which can be taken into account when creating new texts by the press service of the university and regional media. The developed methodology can be applied to the analysis of the image component of other iconic regional objects.

ANALYSIS OF APPRAISAL SYSTEM IN THE EDITORIAL ABOUT UIGHUR, MIDLE EAST WITH CHINA

<pre>Objectivity and neutrality are hard to achieve in journalistic text. Editorial as part of journalistic text functioning to give opinion on certain issues should have its own standard of objectivity and neutrality. This study aimed at describing things, people, or parties involved in an issue carried by an editorial, and explain how the writer behaves and gives an assessment of the things, people, or parties. The study was held in a descriptive-qualitative method using Appraisal Theory to analyze the data taken from the editorial of an Indonesian news website. Research results showed various appraised items in the editorial meaning that there are various things and parties involved in the issue. The attitude of the writer toward the issue was marked by the domination of negative expressions in affect and judgement, and a dominationn of positive expression in appreciation. The writer used different modes in proposing opinion. From the findings of the research it can be concluded that using proper expressions in showing attitude and providing reliable facts are key to write an ‘objective and neutral’ editorial.</pre>

Pseudo-clefts in Italian talk-in-interaction and in interaction-as-represented

This article examines Italian pseudo-clefts (PCs) as documented in diverse settings of interaction (ordinary, institutional, multiparty, etc.), as well as in interactions reported by daily newspapers. After an overview of the grammatical and semantic properties of PCs, mainly based on the literature and Italian grammars, the article empirically analyzes attested PCs from two different vantage points, interactional linguistics and text linguistics. By focusing on two different kinds of data, it (i) provides a fine-grained description of PCs in present-day Italian, and, more specifically, (ii) highlights the differences in PCs occurring in talk-in-interaction vs. journalistic texts, in particular in reported speech. It shows that the way in which linguists conceptualize PCs is largely informed by the specific features of the data considered, such as temporality, sequentiality, and embodiment for talk-in-interaction, and spatiality, hierarchy and textual structures for newspaper articles. Finally, the article provides an overview of the most significant properties of PCs as they appear in both sets of data. It highlights the theoretical and empirical differences between the two frameworks chosen to analyze PCs, and reflects on the heuristic benefits and difficulties in combining different research traditions.

Object Positioning and Action Positioning in the Media Text: General and Different

In the situation of transformational processes inherent in modern journalism, a number of new functions of the journalistic text are actualized. One of these functions is the positioning function. It consists in forming the position of the mass audience in relation to certain objects of reality, forming an idea about these objects. Obviously, nomination is of paramount importance in this positioning. It is she who allows one and the same fact to be interpreted in the way necessary for the nominator. This work is based on the assumption that there are fundamental differences in the nominative ways of positioning an object and action in a media text, and is aimed at identifying these differences. The study carried out on the basis of five news stories and on the material of 71 nominations confirmed the hypothesis that there are significant differences between the nomination of an object and the nomination of an action in the media test. In particular, the results of the study showed that, in contrast to the nomination of an object, the nomination of an action forms an idea not only of the action itself, but also of its producer. The described research and its results can be used to improve the practice of positioning an object (phenomenon) or action in a media text. The prospect of the same research is seen in the study of the specifics of the positioning of the attribute of an object (quality, properties, etc.) in the text of the mass media.

LINGUISTIC HALO OF BEAUTY THAT WILL SAVE THE WORLD

The purpose of the article is to determine the linguistic status of the expression Beauty will save the world and the degree of its attribution to F. Dostoyevsky in Russian. The object of the analysis is the prototypes of the winged expression Beauty will save the world and the way the expression functions in fiction and journalistic texts. The subject matter of the study is structural and semantic peculiarities of the expression and their evolution in the process of its eptonymization. The paper employs the methods of source studies and contextual analysis, historical and descriptive methods, the method of questionnaire and double applique. The results of the research prove that the expression Beauty will save the world shows signs of eptonymization. The study gives a wide linguistic and historical background to the constituents and structure of the expression Beauty will save the world and its fate in the language. Conclusions. There is only semantic similarity between the aphoristic expression originating from the novel The Idiot and its prototypes, which proves the authorship of the expression attributed to Dostoyevsky. The stereotypical idea of the text of the novel The Idiot, which has become part of the Russian linguaculture, underlies the semantics of the expression functioning in contemporary contexts as an eptonym. The aphoristic expression has developed two meanings: one linked to the interpretation of beauty as a spiritual matter, the other related to its outer manifestations. The linguistic status of the expression is proven by its multiple modifications in speech and its phrase-formation capacity. Another expression has originated from it; an expression modified by the artist N. Roerich. Practical value of the findings is their application in strengthening the suggestive potential of speech; compiling general and special dictionaries of eptonyms, quotations, aphoristic expressions; for educational purposes, as well as for fundamental research of the evolution of phraseological language system.

Syntactic Complexity in Journal Research Article Abstracts Written in English

The reader’s ability to connect new information to existing knowledge is crucial when reading a text. Nonetheless, text complexity, in many ways, is more linguistic than cognitive. It encompasses the degree of sophistication, and how challenging a reading section is. Depending on the section, such difficulty may appear on the vocabulary level, in the organizational structure, or with coherence, and cohesion. In the globalized world of scientific communication, research articles published in non-Anglophone academic journals require English abstracts to access an international database and citation possibilities. This paper describes the syntactic complexity in journal research article abstracts. A corpus of abstracts written in English and published in Anglophone and non-Anglophone contexts were sampled. The English sub-corpora underwent software-based text analysis using fourteen syntactic complexity measures with the second language (L2) Syntactic Complexity Analyzer (Lu, 2010). Significant differences appeared in only four of the fourteen syntactic indices between texts in Anglophone and non-Anglophone journals, and out of these fourteen measures, non-native groups reported thirteen lower mean values. The study affords insights for L2 writing research to produce accurate texts in content and structure. Ideally, findings will uncover pedagogical implications and applications for academic writing instructions.

Assessment Of The Knowledge, Attitude And Practice Of Pregnant Women In The Control and Prevention Of Malaria Infection (A Study Of State Hospital, Ifo, Ogun State).

The main aim of this research is to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of pregnant women in the control and prevention of malaria infection (A study of State Hospital ifo, Ogun State). Literature review was extracted from internals relevant text books and journals relevant to the study. Research was a purely descriptive survey, instrument used in data collection was structured designed Questionnaire, simple random sample technique was used to select the respondent for research purpose. Descriptive statistics of frequency count and percentage were used to analysis the Data. The result of the findings indicates ninety two respondents stated that malaria can kill if leave untreated, while the remaining eight stated that they do not know the consequence of leaving malaria untreated. Also it was observed that majority of the respondents either use mosquito nets or repellants for prevention of malaria. Hence it was concluded that in general, most people had fair knowledge about malaria prevention and control. The majority of respondents recognised malaria as a threat to their lives in the community. Despite this (fair knowledge and good attitudes), practices towards malaria prevention and control were poor. Therefore interventions aimed at social and behaviour change should primarily target the gaps in practices highlighted by the study. It is hereby recommended that there is need to reinforce good behaviour and demystify the myths and misconceptions held by respondents about malaria prevention and control measures. Examples of myths or misconceptions here included the fear of suffocating in mosquito bed nets or taking local herbs for treatment. Keywords: Assessment, Knowledge, Attitude, Pregnant Women, Malaria Infection, Prevention, Nigeria Aims Research Journal Reference Format: Okanlawon-Peters P.O. (2022) Assessment Of The Knowledge, Attitude And Practice Of Pregnant Women In The Control And Prevention Of Malaria Infection (A Study Of State Hospital, Ifo, Ogun State).. Advances in Multidisciplinary and Scientific Research. Vol. 8. No. 1, Pp 43–50. DOI: dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/V8N1P4. Available online at www.isteams.net/aimsjournal

The Work of Mothering in the NICU: A Critical Analysis of Alberta Family Integrated Care Parent Journals.

Integrating parents into the care of their infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is vital for both parents and infants. Yet, parents are often not fully involved in important decision-making and care, even when practices are family- and patient-centered. Alberta Family Integrated Care (FICare) is a model of care designed to support integration of parents into their infant's care. The aim of this study was to describe and examine how mothers' work was coordinated by institutional processes when participating in Alberta FICare. We used institutional ethnography to analyze written entries in Alberta FICare parent journals to show points of tension mothers experienced in the NICU. We illustrated the institutional activities that intersect with parental work of being present in the NICU. We argue that the journal text and the primary discourses that mothers are tuned to organize the way they knew and thought about their infant. Managing everyday NICU rules, navigating constant and unexpected changes, and the work of feeding their infant created tension. Mothers focused on milk supply, weight gain, and transition from gavage to nipple feeds. We show how mothers' activities were coordinated by practices that prioritize progression toward discharge rather than supporting them through the roller coaster of emotions and practical challenges of being present in the NICU. This illustration of institutional systems and processes may assist practitioners to understand the barriers mothers face when caring for their infants in the NICU.

Russian media during the first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic

The article examines changes in the Russian media system during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: the dynamics of the coronavirus agenda, traffic, monetization features. The analysis of media content allowed us to determine the leading topics in the disclosure of the coronavirus agenda within three periods corresponding to the key moments in the development of the situation with COVID-19 in the world and in Russia during the first wave of the virus: the first mentions of the new virus, news from China, Italy and other countries where the sick appeared; a sharp increase in the number of news items directly related to coronavirus infection; along with medical topics, the problems of getting out of self-isolation. The article also describes the changes that have occurred in the editorial policy of the media: technologies for preparing journalistic texts, linguistic marketing.

The specifics of the functioning of the periphrasis in the journalistic text of the XXI century

The article examines the periphrases in the publicistic texts of the XXI century, mainly from newspapers and magazines, and also partially from the oral media of 2008-2021. Periphrases are analyzed from different points of view: semantics, functions, etymology, syntactic structure, communicative motivation and pragmatic intention of the text’s addressee. The semantic analysis revealed five semantic groups of periphrases used in publicist texts (mainly of 2015-2021). It was found that the main method of periphrasis formation in the journalism of the mentioned period is the metaphorical transfer of the meanings of a single word or word components in a phrase; metonymic transfer is observed less frequently. In terms of syntactic structure, periphrasis equal to the word combination dominate; however, the ones equal to a single word are also noted. From the functional and communicative-pragmatic points of view, periphrases perform the following functions: secondary nomination, expressive, evaluative and euphemistic functions. The special mention receives the fact that the periphrasis performs the function of creating historical coloring in the journal texts of specific thematic headings. In terms of the richness of the addressee’s vocabulary avoiding speech repetition becomes an important function of periphrasis. In print and oral media, periphrasis is often a means of speech economy. It is concluded that the original periphrases created by the addressees of the publicistic texts expand the boundaries of use, functioning first in oral and print media; then, due to the frequency of use in the media, they penetrate into colloquial speech and claim the status of phraseological units in the long run.

Russian Language Classes through Thematic Learning “About the Country, about the Homeland, about the Human”: Metasubject Aspect

In the educational process of acquiring or learning languages, humanitarian knowledge and related skills (both academic and extracurricular, also termed as hard and soft skills) are responsible for not only a native speakers cognitive activity, but also for their behavioral scenarios. This statement ensures the relevance of this research. The objective of the article is to determine methodological recommendations that can be used in Russian language classes at educational institutions of the Republic of Belarus which aim at preserving regional / national places and images of memory presented in fiction and journalistic texts. The material that is used in class comprises texts created by Marc Chagall, Robert Rozhdestvensky, David Simanovich that aim at educating the generational trajectory by means of the language.

EFFETS DE LA CHARGE AFFECTIVE DES MOTS ET DE LA PRÉSENCE D’UNE ILLUSTRATION SUR LA LECTURE ET D’UN RÉCIT DE PRESSE DRAMATIQUE PORTANT SUR LES VIOLENCES SCOLAIRES

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of the presence and place of the illustration on the reading, comprehension and retrieval of a journalistic text describing a dramatic news item. The text may be presented either in an emotionally loaded version, displaying a strong affective intensity of the words (T1), or in a neutral version (T2), with low affective intensity. The participants read one of the two texts on an eye tracker, accompanied by the image placed before the text (G1), after the text (G2) or with no image included. They retrieve the text using an electronic pen, and the production timeframes are recorded. The results show that retrievals vary according to the emotional load of the words, as well as according to the place of the image.

COGNITIVE AND COMMUNICATIVE POTENTIAL OF COMPLEX CONDITIONAL SENTENCES IN THE NEWSPAPER LANGUAGE

The article is devoted to the study of cognitive and communicative capabilities of complex conditional sentences functioning in the language of modern mass media.
 The aim of the study is to analyze the semantic and pragmatic functions of complex conditional sentences with the conjunction if, actively participating in the syntactic organization of the journalistic text.
 To implement the aims and objectives of the work, contextual analysis, continuous sampling method for the selection of practical material, as well as descriptive method were used.
 The results of the study. A complex conditional sentence is capable of reflecting in its semantic structure the nature of the communicative and cognitive goals of a particular text. The features of the functioning of complex conditional sentences in the texts of the newspaper are determined by the implementation of 2 main functions: messages and impacts. In informative genres, sentences are often used in which the situation of an alternative development of events is verbalized and a predictive mode is implemented. The subject of speech presents 2 versions of possible events (conditions and consequences), and both of them are equal. This is the so-called “strong alternative”. In newspaper reports, the second link of the alternative is normally presented in the form of a parallel opposed structure, which allows us to conclude about the text-forming functions of these complexes. Complex conditional sentences with deontic incentive modality are “fixed” to advertising texts. Such constructions directly appeal to the reader, affect their consciousness and behavior. The study of semantic and functional features of conditional constructions in newspaper texts has shown that complex conditional sentences as a unit of cognitive-communicative level serves as a sufficient context for identifying specific features of the sphere of communication. The modern reader is under constant communicative influence, as evidenced by the expansion of advertising texts in which complex conditional sentences with motivational modality are implemented.
 The scope of the results. The results of the work can be useful in the development of lectures and seminars on linguistics, stylistics and culture of speech.

Soviet Ukrainian Germanistics in Personal Dimension: Memoirs of Professor Yuri Mytsyk about Anatolii Zavialov

The publication presents the memoirs of professor, Father Yuri Mytsyk about Soviet Ukrainian germanist Anatolii Zavialov. Yuri Mytsyk worked with Anatolii Zavialov at the same department from 1974 till 1989, and from 1975 carried out the duties of his deputy.
 Zavialov’s academic life and his teaching career in 1960s-2000s was connected to Dnipropetrovsk university. At that time Zavialov actively studied the contemporary history of the German Democratic Republic, he was the author of many articles, including texts in prominent scientific journals, tutorials and published two monographs. He was one of the few Soviet germanists, who had business trips not only to the German Democratic Republic, but also behind the “Iron Curtain”. Zavialov also had the experience of teaching in the universities abroad. As the head of the department of world history, Zavialov made efforts to form a research direction in historical German studies at the university. The majority of dissertations, defended under his scientific supervision, were devoted to German history of the XXth century. Some of his graduate students-germanists continued their career at the department, and it became possible to create a strong center of German studies and turn the department of world history into a center of historical germanistics. To provide the opportunities to publish research in German history, in 1973 the scientific edition “The Questions of German History” was founded at the department of world history of Dnipropetrovsk national university, later it received the status of inter-university scientific edition. Articles here were published by historians-germanists from Soviet Union and the German Democratic Republic. After the fall of the Berlin Wall and the reunification of Germany, the study of the history of the German Democratic Republic went bankrupt and Zavialov turned to the history of German diaspora in Ukraine. He focused on political history of the German colonies at the beginning of the XXth century and the questions of the history of colonization in civilizational dimension. The last years of the historian`s life were over shadowed by a sharp deterioration of health and decline in scientific activity.

Особливості моделювання образу інтерв’юйованого в жанровому конгломераті газети “Кінокур’єр” (1995 рік).

Problem.The article, which is a continuation of our research on the decanonization of genres in the 1990s, clarifies the specifics of modeling the image of the interviewee in the genre conglomerate of the Kinokurer newspaper (1995). Methodology. Descriptive, systematic methods were used in the study. The descriptive method allows you to capture all the information needed to cover the topic of a scientific article. The systematic method allows to find out the specifics of modeling the image of the interviewee by analyzing the elements of journalistic texts and establishing relationships between them. The object of the study is the image of the interviewed in the genre conglomerate of the newspaper "Kinokurer" (1995). The subject of the research is the peculiarities of modeling the image of the interviewee in the genre conglomerate of the newspaper "Kinokurer" (1995). Conclusions. In mini-journals, journalists model the images of the interviewees, often identifying some of their character traits and using parceled sentences that attract the recipient's attention, epithets, metaphors, periphrases, antitheses, gradations, apocrypha, aposiopesis, portrait details that perform not only descriptive but and emphasize the character trait of the interviewee or record a change in his emotional state. Interviewers create conditions for the maximum self-disclosure of the multifaceted personality of the interviewees through questions focused mainly on the creativity of the interviewees, their values, personal life, etc. To increasethe informativeness of the interview and its character potential, interviewers sometimes use questioning. Answers that include the self-characteristics of the interviewees, verbalization of their attitude to the present, relatives, colleagues, film directors, etc., memories, self-criticism, are the technology of self-modeling the image of the interviewees. The genre conglomerate "mininaris + interview" thanks to the polyphony created by the author or polyauthor allows to expand the range of means of modeling the image of the interviewee. Keywords: genre conglomerate, interviewee, interviewer, image-modelling tools.

LES LOCUTIONS ADVERBIALES DANS LES ÉCRITS JOURNALISTIQUES FRANÇAIS

French adverbial phrases used as multi-word units can occur in different types of texts. In this paper, we have chosen to study the nature and frequency of adverbial phrase use as relational markers in press articles. The paper is divided into two parts: First, we present the corpus, the recurrent adverbial phrasings in journalistic texts, and the methodology. Second, we focus on the two most frequently used adverbial phrases in this type of text, namely d'ailleurs and en effet, as multi-word relational markers.

Comparing Risks to Journalism: Media Criticism in the Digital Hate

This study examines digital media criticism—publicly shared evaluations and judgements of journalistic text and actors on various digital platforms—as a risk to journalism. It specifically interrogates how journalists negotiate the diverse nature of criticism in digital spaces and in a comparative context. Through qualitative interviews with practising journalists, the paper identifies the following four main journalistic responses to digital media criticism: consolidation (ringfencing journalistic discourse); filtering (cleaning up journalistic discourse); rationalisation (acknowledging criticism or non-responses) and counter-discourse (counteracting anti-media discourses). These responses, referred to as forms of digital discursive resistance, show that journalists are both defensive against and accommodating of risks to journalistic authority, but usually aim to reinforce and expand journalistic discourse in digital spaces.