Journalistic Texts Research Articles

МEANS OF PERSUASION IN JOURNAL DISCOURSE

The article is devoted to one of topical problems of modern linguistics – to the study of strategies and tactics of persuasion in various types of discourse. Modern scientists consider linguistic means of achieving the goal of influence. The purposefulness of speech actions is a topical phenomenon in political, advertising, tourism, journalism and other types of discourse. The most obvious potential of the persuasive impact is manifested in the journal discourse, which is an implicit model of social interaction. The choice of the French women’s magazine discourse as an object of research is due to the special form of the social role of the Western European woman. It is established that gender-marked speech portraits are manifested in women’s magazine discourse. Subject of research includes the title of the text of the French women’s magazine article from the point of view of the ways of linguistic implementation of the media discourse’s persusive function. The pragmaorientation of the title of the journal text, which has a special strategy for the implementation of the main goals and objectives of the journal discourse, is noted. The article considers the evolution of strategies and tactics of the persuasion of the French women’s journal discourse, due to the transformation of the role of women in the French linguistic and cultural community. The article concludes that the subject matter and linguistic organisation of the headlines of French women’s magazines of the present and before the 1960s partially coincide, but are of different potential for the realisation of persuasion.

Quantifying Syntactic Complexity in Czech Texts: An Analysis of Mean Dependency Distance and Average Sentence Length Across Genres

ABSTRACT This study investigates the syntactic complexity of various text-types in the Czech language by analysing the mean dependency distance (MDD), a measure that quantifies the average distance between syntactic heads and their dependents within a sentence, and average sentence length (ASL). Using data from the SYN2020 corpus, a large and balanced collection of contemporary written Czech, we calculate the MDD and ASL for different text-types. Our findings reveal distinct patterns in the MDD and ASL values across genres, suggesting that syntactic complexity varies among different types of texts. We observe a clear distinction between fiction and non-fiction genres, with fiction exhibiting lower MDD and ASL values, indicating a more compact syntactic structure. Non-fiction genres, particularly scientific literature, display higher MDD and ASL values, reflecting more complex syntactic constructions. Journalistic texts, such as newspapers and magazines, fall between fiction and non-fiction in terms of MDD and ASL values. These results demonstrate the potential of MDD and ASL as quantitative measures for characterizing and differentiating text-types based on their syntactic complexity. Furthermore, our analysis contributes to a deeper understanding of the syntactic variations across diverse genres in the Czech language.

A Methodological Proposal to Evaluate Journalism Texts Created for Depopulated Areas Using AI

A Methodological Proposal to Evaluate Journalism Texts Created for Depopulated Areas Using AI

Journalistic Storytelling for Social Justice: A CDA of Global News Coverage of the Otodo Gbame Forced Evictions in Nigeria

ABSTRACT Despite the growing discourse on forced evictions around the world, very limited scholarship has explored the constitution, replication and/or transformation of a discourse of urban development and forced evictions in journalistic work. This study investigates the global news coverage of state-sanctioned forced evictions of Otodo Gbame community in Lagos, Nigeria—with specific attention to journalistic discursive construction of urban development and the reproduction of hierarchies of worth in journalistic work. Critical discourse analysis of 17 journalistic texts published online by national and foreign news media organisations during the Otodo Gbame forced evictions (November 2016–April 2017) revealed journalists positioned Otodo Gbame residents at the bottom of a hierarchical social order and as victims of an unfortunate circumstance without transforming that discourse into possibilities for social and environmental justice. Journalists prioritised institutional voices, used passive construction and detached expressive mode to downplay the social implications of state-sanctioned forced evictions, and reproduced hierarchies of worth in journalism and broader society. Considering journalism plays a crucial role in the social construction of reality, this study offers insights and directions for journalistic role expansion and the transformation of conceived journalistic roles into meaningful practice.

Beyond warzones: conflict-stricken states as viewed by the Czech corpus collocations

Abstract The aim of the article is to observe how countries that have faced armed conflicts in the recent decades are perceived in a corpus of Czech, mostly journalism texts. We focus on eight countries where soldiers of the Czech Republic or the former Czechoslovak Republic have been deployed on the basis of a mandate after 1989 (Afghanistan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Iraq, Kosovo, Kuwait, Mali, and Yugoslavia). The picture of each country is determined via a quantitative, corpus-based approach. First, a frequency analysis is conducted in an attempt to show whether texts tend to mention some conflict-affected countries more frequently than others. Second, a collocation analysis is carried out to identify the stereotypes associated with the studied countries. The results show very different perceptions of the states, ranging from those connected solely to warfare (Iraq, Afghanistan) to those that are nowadays mostly seen as holiday destinations (Croatia). Moreover, some countries do not seem to be paid much attention at all (Mali). The outcome of the research may be of use for journalists, political scholars, and geographers and provides the respective disciplines with a new methodological approach.

STUDENTS’ STRATEGIES AND ERRORS IN JOURNALISTIC TEXT TRANSLATION

Journalistic text plays an important role in information transfer such as the latest events, issues, or problems from parts of the world. With the rapid development of digital platforms, journalistic can be accessed easily through the internet, which arouses the need for translation as a means to bridge understanding between languages. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate students’ strategies and errors in journalistic text translation. By referring to translation strategies adapted from Newmark (1988), Hoed (2006), Baker (2011), the target text was analyzed based on several strategies including transference, calque, naturalization, accepted translation, paraphrase, modulation, transposition, cultural equivalence, addition, omission, and explication. Based on the translation quality assessment model adapted from Nababan et al. (2012), the translations made by the students have decent quality for accuracy and a medium level of competence in producing acceptable translations. However, the translation products have a high degree of readability which means they are easy to understand. Based on the classification proposed by Sukur et al. (2020), the finding shows that the errors made by the students in translating journalistic texts include a lack of cultural background knowledge, situation concordance, use of unsuitable words to the context, and failure to understand speech act. With some suggestions to overcome those challenges, this study is expected to provide pedagogical insight for translation courses regarding the practice of journalistic translation.

Жизнь и прозябание

<p>For several years, A.V. Suvorov has been doing mailing lists for like-minded colleagues and friends. Each of the letters is a scientific and journalistic text on philosophical, psychological, pedagogical, and life topics. A.V. Suvorov signed his letters "Hedgehog" - that's how he called himself, meaning not only prickly, but also the desire to isolate himself for a while, shrink, withdraw into himself from the world, so that he could then turn to him with something important. We bring to your attention his latest essay, or rather, the last revision of the text that he wrote almost a quarter of a century ago. The author reflects on how to overcome universal, collective and individual, personal nonsense as a way of existence. In his opinion, didactics is intended to provide a means of understanding existence.</p>

Актуальные тексты общественно-политической тематики на русском языке как источник учебных материалов для иностранных студентов гуманитарных специальностей (основные и дополнительные образовательные программы)

The paper discusses the issues of training foreign students of humanities in reading and listening to journalistic texts in Russian. The aim of the study is to identify ways to update the materials of available textbooks on Russian as a foreign language, taking into account various factors. These include methodological factors (purpose and content of training; level of proficiency in Russian; requirements of normative documents; organizational forms of training; students’ training program; national composition of the study group), linguistic factors (genre, style, content value of the text; characteristics of text materials from the standpoint of textuality categories and communicative categories), extralinguistic factors (socio-political situation in the world; ideological attitudes). Special attention is paid to the description of the bank of standard texts of the main thematic groups. The work proposes tasks to control the level of formation of language and speech competencies within the framework of the academic discipline “Russian language in professional international activity” (level B2) at different stages of training. The scientific novelty of the study lies in developing criteria for the selection of journalistic texts for Russian language classes for foreigners studying in various educational programs (basic or additional). As a result of the research, the features of the use of media texts in the process of teaching students of a faculty of international relations are highlighted in comparison with the ways of presenting these texts within the framework of the course for students of international academic exchange programs.

Wyczerpanie. O kondycji bohaterek narracji maladycznych

This article deals with chronic fatigue, one of the characteristic features of contem-porary illness narratives written by women authors. First, it focuses on Małgorzata Ba-ranowska’s To jest wasze życie. Być sobą w chorobie przewlekłej [ This Is Your Life: How to Cope with a Chronic Illness], a story of her own life impaired by SLE (systemic lupus erythe-matosus). The descriptions of her experiences (the disruption of her daily life caused by chronic pain and her attempts make sense of it) provides a frame for the reading of other narratives, Anne Boyer’s The Undying and two journalistic texts on endometriosis, one by Dr Katarzyna Szopa and the other by Dr Karolina Wigura. The article defines chronic fatigue as a social condition which combines a resistance to regenerative therapies with the stress of having to act in demanding situations of real life. The precarious condition of exhausted bodies hovering between a life fully lived and a debilitating morbidity is compared with Byung-Chul Han’s philosophy developed in The Burnout Society and The Palliative Society: Pain Today (originally published in German in 2010 and 2020 respec-tively).

The fevers and the limits of creativity in journalism

The article below tries to highlight, from multiple points of view, the concept of creativity in journalism - a field with various possibilities of approach and interpretation of the concept, the author noting that all people are creative to the extent that they are beings endowed with spirit. The article will answer the question of whether the journalist can resort to fiction and imagination, without seriously affecting the journalistic text, or the approaches to the concept in the media field cannot always be interpreted unilaterally. At the same time, we will try to identify an answer to the question regarding the creativity that a journalist would need, based on the fact that currently, in the professional environment, we could not speak of a journalist, in the singular, but of journalists with very different specializations, who are required to perform work editorials from very diverse perspectives.

Covering the Distant Other: Discursive Construction of the Makoko Community in Nigeria as “Venice of Africa”

ABSTRACT Journalistic texts are sites for the construction of meaning. Through their work, journalists construct, enact, and sustain identities and social realities. In particular, journalistic representations of poverty have implications for how poverty is perceived and addressed, and although extensive research has examined media representations of domestic poverty in the United States, very little is known about how American news organizations represent poverty in other contexts. Nonetheless, Western media have been criticized for presenting a homogenizing and totalizing image of Africa as the “dark continent.” This study explores CNN’s representation of Makoko, a low-income community in Nigeria, as the “Venice of Africa.” Critical discourse analysis of CNN stories about Makoko published between 2012 and 2023 reveals a complicated practice. CNN constructed different identities for Makoko, such as victim, achiever, and spectacle, thereby challenging notions of stereotypical representations of countries in Africa by Western media. However, a predominant focus on success, and the discursive strategy of transforming suffering into artistic spectacle, suggests an exclusive ideology, which contributes to a public ambivalence toward addressing the structural issues faced by this community.

Conventional and occasional euphemisms in German economic journalism

This article examines the use of euphemisms in German journalistic texts on economic topics. Euphemisms include lexemes and expressions that soften the names of discordant designations of concepts. The consequences of the 2019-2020 pandemic and the Ukrainian conflict had a definite impact on the German economy and the standard of living of the German population. The rapid rise in prices and the energy crisis that has arisen in the country have led to financial problems reflected in the stratification of society into rich and poor, an increase in the number of protests due to unfavorable working conditions and even to forced closure of enterprises. Such economic difficulties are actively discussed in the German press. In order to switch the reader’s attention and smooth out the designation of acute problems, journalists use euphemized words and expressions in their articles. In a particular historical period, depending on political, economic or social changes, certain spheres of public life were subjected to productive euphemization. In this regard, it seems important to trace this process in diachrony, focusing on the economic problems of Germany in 2021-2023. The aim of the study is to identify euphemistically colored lexemes and expressions in German journalistic texts, as well as to identify groups of euphemisms and the reasons for their use. The research material included articles from the economic section of German electronic publications such as “Der Spiegel”, “Die Zeit”, “Süddeutsche Zeitung”, “Die Tageszeitung”, “Berliner Zeitung”, etc. The study revealed that such economic problems as poverty and wealth, mass protests, rising food and electricity prices, methods of limiting them, and the consequences of the energy crisis are being euphemized. The analysis made it possible to identify both conventional and occasional euphemisms, although it was found that the lexemes and expressions of the second group are noticeably prevalent in German journalism.

Application of deep neural networks for automatic irony detection in Russian texts

The paper examines automatic methods for classifying Russian-language sentences into two classes: ironic and non-ironic. The discussed methods can be divided into three categories: classifiers based on language model embeddings, classifiers using sentiment information, and classifiers with embeddings trained to detect irony. The components of classifiers are neural networks such as BERT, RoBERTa, BiLSTM, CNN, as well as an attention mechanism and fully connected layers. The irony detection experiments were carried out using two corpora of Russian sentences: the first corpus is composed of journalistic texts from the OpenCorpora open corpus, the second corpus is an extension of the first one and is supplemented with ironic sentences from the Wiktionary resource. The best results were demonstrated by a group of classifiers based on embeddings of language models with the maximum F-measure of 0.84, achieved by a combination of RoBERTa, BiLSTM, an attention mechanism and a pair of fully connected layers in experiments on the extended corpus. In general, using the extended corpus produced results that were 2–5% higher than those of the basic corpus. The achieved results are the best for the problem under consideration in the case of the Russian language and are comparable to the best one for English.

Verbalisation of emotions in Ukrainian online media

The relevance of the research is determined by the tendency of modern media discourse towards emotionality, evaluativeness, the importance of emotional language means the process of perceiving a journalistic text. Undeniable today is the growing popularity of digital media, which emphasizes the need to learn the language of emotions in the online environment. The subject of studies is language techniques and means of emotional expression in the texts of national news resources "Ukrainska Pravda" and "Dzerkalo Tyzhnia". The study aims to monitor and systematize the most common verbal markers of emotionality in online publications, to highlight the dominant connotative emotional language units in the context of the analyzed topics. The research methodology includes a complex of general scientific methods: conceptual analysis, content analysis, induction, analysis and synthesis, comparison, systematization an classification. The novelty of intelligence lies in typology language means and methods of expressing the emotional spectrum in online texts. As a result of the research, it was found that an important component of the media text is the audience's emotional reaction to it. Emotions are verbalized with the help of emotives i.e. language units of different levels (lexical, morphological, syntactic, stylistic). The content analysis of the all-Ukrainian online editions "Dzerkalo Tyzhnia" and "Ukrainska Pravda" from September 2020 to March 2021 showed the dominance of emotions with a negative connotation, corresponding to the emotions and experiences of journalists and recipients regarding conflict i.e. sensitive topics (Covid-19, violation of human rights and freedoms, violence, corruption). Metaphors and epithets, foreign vocabulary, qualitatively evaluative adjectives and idioms, subjective modal syntactic constructions with evaluative semantics, colloquial and colloquial vocabulary, neologisms are most often used. Emotionally expressive means demonstrate the dominance of a pejorative construction of reality, cause a predicted emotional effect in the audience and tend to model the language picture of modern media texts in the online space.

Application of Islamic Business Ethics in the Fintech Industry: an Analysis of the Foundation of Sharia Maqashid

Based on the above background, the purpose of this study is to describe business ethics from the perspective of Maqashid Shari'ah, analyze the urgency of its application in the modern business context, identify the principles of Maqashid Shari'ah that can be adopted in business practices, and assess the positive impact of the application of Maqashid Shari'ah-based business ethics on business sustainability and general welfare. This research method will adopt a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis. Data will be obtained from text sources, articles, journals, and other related documents. Maqashid Shari'ah-based business ethics encompasses the integration of moral values and Islamic principles into business practices, becoming increasingly important in modern business. Maqashid Shari'ah provides a comprehensive framework with the primary objective of nurturing religion, life, property, reason, and posterity, guiding business practitioners to conduct business with justice, honesty, and social responsibility. By adhering to the principles of Maqashid Shari'ah, businesses can create a sustainable environment, build a strong reputation, avoid practices that are contrary to Islamic values, and have a positive impact on society, all in line with larger social and moral goals.

CULTURALLY DISTINCTIVE FEATURES IN JOURNALISTIC TEXT: A CASE STUDY ON STUDENTS’ VS. AI-GENERATED TRANSLATIONS

The prevalence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in this modern era has been one of the major interests in translation studies. The ability of AI to produce human-like translations has become an ongoing discussion among scholars. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the utility of AI in providing alternatives for journalistic text translation results made by English Department students of Universitas Palangka Raya during a Translation Course. Given the communicative nature of journalistic texts, this study explores how culturally distinctive features, such as idioms, collocations, traditional language nuances, and organization names, are translated from Indonesian into English. By referring to translation strategies adapted from Newmark (1988), Hoed (2006), and Baker (2011), translation results made by students are compared with those generated by AI technology, i.e. DeepL and ChatGPT. Since creativity is one of the key characteristics of human translation, this study examines whether AI systems can be reliable tools for demonstrating the same creativity level. Translation creativity in this study refers to the ability to select the most effective strategies and wording to produce better translation versions of those culturally distinctive features. This study is expected to shed light on the evolving role of AI in the field of translation.

Investigating Saudi EFL Female University Students’ Command of Journalistic Writing: An SFL-based Study on Textual Organization

This study examines written literacy outcomes among Saudi female university students undertaking an EFL journalistic course over fourteen weeks. It specifically aims to explore their competence in the English hard news genre. It, thus, seeks to address the following question: after completing the course, to what degree did students create texts structurally matching the conventional English news report? The significance of this study lies in its integration of media and education, employment of linguistic analysis based on Systemic Functional Linguistics, and use of English expert news reports for comparison with students’ journalistic texts. It deployed the genre-based pedagogy devised within the Sydney School to design the news writing course. Twenty-five students undertook such a course during the 2022 academic year. This study gathered those students’ writing to subject it to linguistic scrutiny, assessing each student over one news report after completing the course. It reports that, after the course, half of the class developed their ability to produce the genre of the standard English language hard news report. Those students created texts that matched the professional news articles in the corpus, thus effectively following the textual features of such a genre.

Challenges of Local Government in the Provision of Primary Health Care Services in Ebonyi State. Nigeria

Rural areas in Nigeria including Ebonyi State, suffer from development challenges. One of these challenges is inadequate provision of primary healthcare services to the people. This ugly condition has worsened the case of infant and maternal mortalities in Nigeria and Ebonyi State in particular and this demands urgent attention of the local governments as well as other key development partners in order to address the challenge and improve the standard of living of people at the grassroots. It is based on this that this study investigated the challenges of local government in the provision of primary healthcare services in Ebonyi State. Data were sourced from text books, journals, and internet and library materials. As a qualitative study, content and narrative techniques were adopted to analyze the study. The study revealed that minimum standards set for provision of primary healthcare service delivery have not been met in Ebonyi State; hence, local governments in the study area have not optimally contributed to reduction of infant and maternal mortalities due to certain factors which include: poor healthcare financing, dilapidated primary healthcare infrastructure, shortage of qualified healthcare personnel, corruption in the healthcare sector, and lack of broad-based data bank for beneficiaries of primary healthcare services in the area. The paper therefore recommended proper funding of primary healthcare centres in Ebonyi State in line with the international and national benchmarks. This can be achieved through increased budgetary allocations by granting financial autonomy to local governments; more hospitals and clinics should be provided to increase access to health care facilities; there is also urgent need for massive recruitment of qualified healthcare personnel in the study area to among other things improve the quality of healthcare services available to the people in the localities.

Lwów niedoczytany?

In this review, Dariusz Piechota examines Zoriana Czajkowska’s book, Literary Topography of Lviv (2021). Czajkowska mentions at the outset that Lviv is a city that fascinates both researchers of Polish and Ukrainian literature and culture. It is a space where the influences of many cultures intersect, which undoubtedly contributes to the city's multidimensional character. Czajkowska focuses on works written after World War II, particularly memoirs, essays, columns, and journalistic texts. Piechota concludes that Czajkowska failed to capture the multicultural character of Lviv, and her presentation seems one-sided. Nonetheless, Czajkowska's extensive knowledge of Ukrainian literature, as evidenced by her sources, is commendable.

Mediatization of corruption cases in Indonesia through comics journalism in Tempo magazine

Corruption in Indonesia is a never-ending and pervasive issue, as the numerous cases prove. Many public officials, businesspeople and private parties have been involved and found guilty in corruption trials. The verdict of the judges’ panel against the accused of corruption cases in Indonesia did not dampen the enthusiasm of several corruption perpetrators who were incarcerated at Sukamiskin Prison in Bandung. This research aims to examine the construction of news in the comics journalism format in Tempo magazine, specifically focusing on how corrupt behaviour in the form of bribery committed by criminals in Sukamiskin Prison is portrayed. This analysis is motivated by the mediatization theory, which is further supported by the mediatization of journalism. This research uses a semiotic-material approach that analyses Tempo comics journalism texts with a focus on elements of symbolism, timing and frames. The research found that Tempo mediated the news about bribery by grafters in Sukamiskin Prison through elements of comics based on journalistic practices. The mediation effort consists of two distinct stages: firstly, journalists on the field engage in the work and, secondly, the composer of the comic constructs the mediation.