Job Family Research Articles

Online scheduling of two-machine flowshop with lookahead and incompatible job families

Online scheduling of two-machine flowshop with lookahead and incompatible job families

Vivências de Mulheres em Situação de Refúgio ou Imigração na Região do Vale do Sinos

The objective of this research was to report the experiences and challenges faced by refugee or immigrant women in the Vale do Sinos region in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. This is adescriptive­exploratory and qualitative study developed with nineteen women. A semi­-structured interview was used to collect data that was subjected to a thematic analysis. Amongthe challenges identified by the participants, the ones that stood out were insertion in the job market and family relationships due to the territorial distance and their insertion in a new culture. The interviewees reported difficulties whit the language, which hampered their social interaction. We concluded that precariousness of the socioeconomic situation, in this case, makes their social integration and language learning more difficult.

Learning-augmented heuristics for scheduling parallel serial-batch processing machines

The addressed machine scheduling problem considers parallel machines with incompatible job families, sequence-dependent setup times, limited batch capacities, and arbitrary sizes combined with the serial-batch processing characteristic (i.e., the processing time of a batch is equal to the sum of processing times of all jobs grouped in a batch). The primary objective is the minimization of the total weighted tardiness, and a subordinate (secondary) objective is the minimization of the flow time. This scheduling problem arises in many production environments like cutting operations (metal-processing industry or garment industry) or in industrial 3D printing. For solving this problem, we propose a new multi-start construction heuristic with controlled batch urgencies. Furthermore, to improve solution efficiency, we use machine learning methods that are appropriate for multi-target regression with dependent outputs (i.e., Neural networks) to minimize the number of starts by predicting the most suitable heuristic parameters. Hereby, different learning aspects and pipeline parameters must be considered. Additionally, we apply a mixed-integer linear program and a local search mechanism with advanced termination criteria for solution improvement.To evaluate the performance of the new heuristic, we use an exhaustive set of small, large, and very large instances (with symmetric Euclidean, asymmetric Euclidean, and arbitrary sequence-dependent setup times) and heuristics from the literature. The results indicate the superiority of the new, learning-augmented heuristics in terms of solution quality and computation times.

How Do Presenteeism and Family Functioning Affect the Association Between Chinese Nurses' Job Stress and Intention to Stay?

Despite a great deal of existing research on nurses' job stress and intention to stay, it is still unclear how the association between Chinese nurses' job stress and intention to stay is affected by presenteeism and family functioning. This study aimed to investigate the correlations of Chinese nurses' job stress, presenteeism, and family functioning with their intention to stay and clarify the mediating effect of presenteeism and the moderating effect of family functioning on the association between their job stress and intention to stay. A cross-sectional study of 1,008 nurses was performed in a major general hospital in Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, China. The participants were invited to engage in a questionnaire survey regarding job stress, presenteeism, family functioning, and intention to stay. A moderated mediation analysis was conducted through multiple linear regression analysis and the PROCESS macro. Job stress and presenteeism were negatively correlated with intention to stay, whereas family functioning was positively correlated with intention to stay. The effect of job stress on intention to stay was partially mediated by presenteeism (Effect = -0.147, 95% CI = [-0.305, -0.003]). In addition, family functioning moderated the direct effect of job stress on intention to stay (Index = -0.134, 95% CI = [-0.274, -0.001]). Presenteeism and family functioning were found to play mediating and moderating roles, respectively, in the relationship between job stress and intention to stay. Relevant interventions or family-friendly programs should be developed to enhance nurses' intention to stay.

Minimizing the sum of completion times on a single machine with health index and flexible maintenance operations

This paper is motivated by the development of Industry 4.0 and the need to better integrate production and maintenance decisions. Our problem considers a single machine on which jobs of different families are scheduled to minimize the sum of completion times. The machine has a health index which decreases when jobs are processed. To restore the machine health, maintenance operations must be scheduled. Moreover, to be scheduled, each job requires the machine to have a minimum health index which depends on the job family. Two cases are studied: (1) The daily case with a single flexible maintenance operation, and (2) The weekly case with two flexible maintenance operations. The second case is shown to be NP-complete. Two Mixed Integer Linear Programming models are presented for each case. The first model uses “classical” positional variables, while the second model improves the first model by using the notion of master sequence. Different valid inequalities are also proposed. Computational experiments show that the second model is much more efficient than the first model when solved with a standard solver, and the impact of the valid inequalities is discussed.

Relationship Between Work-Family Conflict and Depressive Symptoms Among Male Firefighters in China: Job Types and Family Structure as Moderators.

This study aims to examine the relationship between work-family conflict and depressive symptoms while considering job types and family structure as moderators. In July and August 2021, 1328 male Chinese firefighters completed an online cross-sectional survey. The results indicated that work-family conflicts among Chinese firefighters presented a significant association with worse depressive symptoms. More specifically, strain conflict and behavioral conflict had positive relationships with worse depressive symptoms, while time conflict had a negative relationship. In addition, job types moderated the association between work-family conflict, strain conflict, and behavior conflict with depressive symptoms. This study shows that work-family conflict is significantly associated with depressive symptoms among Chinese firefighters. Our findings advocate working system reform for Chinese firefighters, and more attention is needed on their mental health protection in the future.

69.2 Overcoming the Unique Challenges of Telehealth With Young Children

The necessity to adapt to telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic has created unique challenges in working with preschool and latency-age children who may lack the attention and communication skills to engage with their psychiatrist on a screen. They also may lack a conceptual framework for understanding the pandemic compared to older children. Families of young children are facing new challenges including balancing work and childcare, job losses, family illness, social isolation, and difficulty staying connected with older relatives.

Gender Differences in Consumer Debt Stress: Impacts on Job Performance, Family Life and Health.

During periods of economic instability, women may suffer uniquely from economic stress compared to men. We examine stress effects from financial debts by gender with monthly national-level household data starting in 2006, going through the Great Recession in the U.S and into the recovery period. We find that women on average in the sample exhibit approximately 30% overall greater debt stress scores than men after controlling for income, debt levels and other socioeconomic variables. Underlying factors for both genders are examined, including impacts on job performance, family life and health. Sources of disadvantage for women and implied policy needs are explored. Our findings and their consequences are examined relative to economic circumstances for women that have been documented as a result of the pandemic-induced recession.

Parallel batching with multi-size jobs and incompatible job families

Parallel batch scheduling has many applications in the industrial sector, like in material and chemical treatments, mold manufacturing and so on. The number of jobs that can be processed on a machine mostly depends on the shape and size of the jobs and of the machine. This work investigates the problem of batching jobs with multiple sizes and multiple incompatible families. A flow formulation of the problem is exploited to solve it through two column generation-based heuristics. First, the column generation finds the optimal solution of the continuous relaxation, then two heuristics are proposed to move from the continuous to the integer solution of the problem: one is based on the price-and-branch heuristic, the other on a variable rounding procedure. Experiments with several combinations of parameters are provided to show the impact of the number of sizes and families on computation times and quality of solutions.

Pengaruh Praktek Kerja Lapangan, Unit Produksi Dan Dukungan Keluarga Terhadap Kesiapan Kerja Siswa Di SMK Negeri 2 Bukittinggi

Vocational High School (SMK) is a form of formal education unit that aims to prepare prospective middle-level workers to enter the world of work. Factors that affect student work readiness can be seen from internal and external factors. This study aims to reveal the effect of on job training, production units and family support on student work readiness at SMK Negeri 2 Bukittinggi. The research subjects were students of SMK Negeri 2 Bukittinggi. A sample of 130 students was determined using the proportionate stratified random sampling technique. This type of research is quantitative research. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire with a Likert scale model of 5 alternative answers. Data analysis was performed using SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) analysis which was operated based on Partial Least Square (PLS) with three independent variables and one dependent variable. This study results that on job training and production units have a positive and significant effect on the readiness of students at SMK Negeri 2 Bukittinggi, while family support has a negative and insignificant effect on job readiness of students at SMK Negeri 2 Bukittinggi.

Faculty retirements will likely exacerbate the anatomy educator shortage.

Medical education has reported a shortage of anatomy educators since the 1960s. While the faculty pipeline has recently been explored, insights into retirement intentions, a key driver of faculty turnover, have yet to be investigated. With the mean age of anatomists rising, knowledge of retirement intentions among current educators is essential to understanding the anatomy educator shortage. This study explored the retirement intentions of current anatomy educators and their likely effects on the workforce. Surveys were distributed to department heads and the American Association for Anatomy (AAA) membership to inquire about job postings from 2018-2020 and retirement intentions, respectively. Department heads sought to fill open positions due to faculty retirements (36%, 15 of 42), faculty relocations/sabbaticals/new responsibilities (31%), and brand new positions (24%). The retirement intentions survey revealed that 61% (23 of 38) of faculty '55 and older' intend to retire within five years. Based on the extrapolation of AAA membership data, estimates suggest that almost twice as many anatomy faculty could retire per year (n=40) over the next five years compared to the estimated number of annual PhD graduates (n=22) likely to enter the workforce. Factors driving retirement intentions were overwhelmingly age and finances, followed by job satisfaction and family. The creation of new anatomy educator positions to address increased student enrollments and new health sciences programs is likely to place even greater strain on workforce demands.

Turnover intentions: the roles of job satisfaction and family support

PurposeThis paper examines the factors that influence the work attitudes of employees and the conditional effects of family support on the job demand–turnover intention relationship.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used a sample of 231 employees working in the manufacturing industry in Vietnam to test the conceptual model.FindingsDrawing upon the job demands-resources (JD-R) model and job embeddedness theory, the authors found that employees' psychological capital and family support influenced turnover intentions through enhancing their job satisfaction. The authors also found that the influence of job demands on turnover intentions was altered when employees had higher levels of family support.Originality/valueThis study provides important insights for human resource managers regarding what may influence employees' job satisfaction and turnover intentions. The findings advance turnover literature by highlighting the important roles of both internal resources (psychological capital) and external resources (family support) in influencing employee turnover intentions in Vietnam.

Examining the Influence of Housing Conditions and Daily Greenspace Exposure on People's Perceived COVID-19 Risk and Distress.

Many people have worried about COVID-19 infection, job loss, income reduction, and family conflict during the COVID-19 pandemic. Some social groups may be particularly vulnerable due to their residential neighborhoods and daily activities. On the other hand, people’s daily exposure to greenspace offers promising pathways for reducing these worries associated with COVID-19. Using data collected with a questionnaire and a two-day activity diary from two typical neighborhoods in Hong Kong, this study examines how people’s housing conditions and daily greenspace exposure affect their perceived COVID-19 risk and distress (i.e., worries about job loss, income reduction, and family conflict) during the pandemic. First, the study compares people’s perceived COVID-19 risk and distress based on their residential neighborhoods. Further, it examines the associations between people’s perceived COVID-19 risk and distress with their housing conditions and daily greenspace exposure using ordinal logistic regression models. The results indicate that living in a high-risk neighborhood, being married, renting a residential unit, and living in a large household are significantly associated with a higher neighborhood-based perceived COVID-19 risk and distress during the pandemic. In addition, people also reported lower mobility-based perceived COVID-19 risk when compared to their neighborhood-based perceived COVID-19 risk, while they still have a high perceived COVID-19 risk in their occupational venues if they have to work in a high-risk district (e.g., Kowloon). Lastly, daily greenspace exposure (i.e., woodland) could reduce people’s perceived COVID-19 risk and distress. These results have important implications for the public health authority when formulating the measures during the COVID-19 pandemic.

To predict and to explain: a multigroup analysis of gender on job and family satisfaction among hospitality employees

PurposeThe recent trends of work and family issues have prompted a proliferation of research in the work-family study; however, evidence from the hospitality industry is limited. This paper aims to examine the relationships between the work-family interface on job satisfaction (JS) and family satisfaction (FS). Additionally, the authors have adopted person-centered perspectives to determine if gender affects the magnitude of these relationships.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 295 hospitality employees, and the hypotheses were tested using the partial least squares method of structural equation modeling. Other than assessing the path model’s explanatory power, the authors examined the model’s predictive power using PLSpredict to predict new cases.FindingsThe results supported the originating domain view where the domain in which work-family enrichment (WFE) or conflict originates would have the immediate effect. Simultaneously, the authors found empirical evidence demonstrating the complimentary transfer of resources from the family domain to the work domain, enriching an individual’s satisfaction level. Finally, multigroup analysis reveals that women displayed higher job dissatisfaction than men when facing work-family conflict.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first study that allows a better understanding of the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on employees’ work-family dynamics. This is the first study relating WFE and conflict to matching-domain satisfaction in one model. By examining these constructs’ simultaneous pathways, the authors extend the body of knowledge by contrasting the source attribution perspective with the cross-domain theory of enrichment and conflict. Consequentially, the authors answer Premchandran and Priyadarshi’s (2020) call to examine work-family dynamics in different cultures on different genders.

Family support and business performance of South African female technology entrepreneurs

PurposeFemale entrepreneurs play an increasingly recognised role in countries' overall well-being by contributing to job creation, wealth, family income and innovation. This study identifies combinations of family support that enhance business performance most effectively.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), drawing on 184 technology business owners to identify the family support configurations most conducive to high business performance.FindingsThe results suggest that high levels of emotional and instrumental support are necessary for female technology entrepreneurs to achieve a high firm performance (FP) level when instrumental support at home (ISH) is lacking. As a comparison, male technology entrepreneurs can still achieve a high level of FP when emotional and instrumental support for the business (ISB) is low.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the body of knowledge on women's entrepreneurship in emerging economies, technology entrepreneurs in South Africa and family and business support systems. The authors add to the emerging literature on the potential downsides of family embeddedness by tying theory to the findings on how family embeddedness-related obligations arise when individuals depend on their family's financial support and how this reliance impedes the formation of entrepreneurial intentions.

Effects of Candidate Selection on Service Delivery in County Governments in Kenya: A Case of Kericho County, Kenya

Devolved governance was supposed to bring services to the local level and raise the living standards of Kenyans. The objectives of devolution are outlined in Chapter 11 Article 174 of the Kenyan Constitution, which include recognizing Kenya's diversity, fostering national unity, ensuring democracy and transparency, fostering economic and social growth, and finally equitable resource allocation. However, this has not been accomplished because Kenya's county governments are characterized by poor planning, mismanagement and misappropriation of funds, and inefficient and ineffective service delivery. This study sought to examine effects of candidate selection on service delivery in County Government of Kericho. The study used descriptive research design. The study population consisted of 2,984 Kericho County Government Employees. Purposive sampling was employed to choose 139 staff in 13 departments in County Government of Kericho. The researcher utilized primary and secondary data. Semi-structured questionnaires were deployed to obtain primary data. Moreover, to enhance and test reliability and validity of selected research tools, pilot test was done. Thematic analysis was utilized to help analyse all qualitative research data, then results were displayed inform of a narrative. Additionally, inferential, and also descriptive statistics was utilized to analyse quantitative research data with the help of SPSS. Moreover, descriptive statistics composed of frequency distribution, percentages, mean and standard deviation. Additionally, inferential statistics included correlation as well as regression analysis. Tables were used to present the results. The study found that candidate selection has a significant positive influence on the service delivery in Kericho County Government. This study recommends that Kericho County Government ought to conduct proper job analysis by tracking the employees’ duties and the duration of each task, observing the employee perform his or her job, interviewing the employee, managers and others who interact with the employee, and comparing the job to other jobs in the same department and job grade or job family

An evaluation of an apprentice selection process

Orientation: The artisan job family is the number one area of concern with regard to filling vacancies both nationally and globally. Hence, artisanship has been identified as a scarce and critical skill. The domestic economy and the effectiveness and success of many organisations could be strengthened if the artisanal crisis is adequately addressed.Research purpose: This article proposes a screening process for organisations to use during the selection of apprentices. The selection process has four phases: application review, rating of application documentation, aptitude testing and skills-based teamwork assessment, and interviews. The effect of the selection phases on the survival of the applicants was investigated.Motivation for the study: This study adds to the limited body of literature on artisans, apprentices and the selection of individuals for these technical positions. In addition, it provides recommendations to optimise the selection process for this job family.Research design, approach and method: Large amounts of archived data from an annual apprentice selection process at a large multinational automotive firm were accessed. A quantitative measure, survival analysis, was used to assess whether the survival curves were statistically different across the groups.Main findings: The four selection phases had a significant effect on the survival time of the applicants in the selection process. The significance of the Gehan–Wilcoxon statistic suggests that the survival distribution across the applicants was not because of chance but rather indicates a true difference in the data. The constructs assessed at each phase had a significant effect on the selection success of the apprentice applicants. The termination rate of applicants was steady across all four selection phases.Practical/managerial implications: The multiple-hurdle selection process employed in this study should be replicated and employed as the national selection tool for apprentices. The use of standardised application documentation is recommended, and job preparation workshops should be provided to assist apprentice applicants.Contribution/value-add: The findings of this study are relevant to the South African automotive industry, as well as the manufacturing sector. The findings are also of value to human resource practitioners, educators, social scientists, and industrial and organisational psychologists.

The Causes and Effects of Discouragement in the Working-Age Population

ABSTRACT Similar to unemployment, the indicator of discouragement provides a specific measurement of a certain segment of the working-age population who are not employed and do not receive a wage. Unlike unemployment, discouragement accounts for those people who are not searching for paying jobs due to a variety of causes such as disillusionment with their job prospects, low education, and family obligations (e.g., child care). This article considers the causes and consequences of discouragement in Russia and its relation to both individual people and society as a whole. After identifying several causes of discouragement (e.g., improved quality of life, poor work ethic, and income inequality) and considering its negative impact on society (e.g., reduced economic development, lower quality of life), this article proposes that discouragement can be reduced by raising wages, improving working conditions, and developing special work and education programs for young people.

Securing jobs with individual trait and organisational support?

PurposeIn view of the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on organisations and employees, this study aims to investigate a reverse relationship between role conflict, burnout and job insecurity, and proposed emotional intelligence (EI) and organisational support as individual and organisational factors, respectively, that may moderate this chain relationship. Drawing on conservation of resources (COR) theory, this paper proposes that organisational support as an organisational factor and EI as an individual ability may aid in minimising the perception of the depletion of resources and play a moderating role in conflict–burnout–job insecurity relationships.Design/methodology/approachThis study was undertaken in Australia with a focus on those who were employed and worked during the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey was conducted online using the Qualtrics platform as it offers user-friendly features for respondents. In total, 723 usable responses were generated for data analysis. Structural equation modelling was performed to test the hypotheses of this study.FindingsThe results show that role conflict was significantly related to burnout, which in turn led to job insecurity. EI and organisational support reduced the impact of burnout on job insecurity.Originality/valueTheoretically, this research deepens an understanding of COR and role theory and contributes to mental health research and organisational studies. COR depicts individuals’ reservation of resources for desired or expected outcomes. This study approached from a depletion of resources perspective and revealed the consequences for both individuals and organisations. This study also expands role theory and includes job and family-derived roles to deepen the role conflict during the pandemic. Whilst most research taps into the job performance and behaviour domain to understand the impact of role conflict, this study proposed a novel concept of a mediation relationship between role conflict, burnout and job insecurity in line with the status quo of the pandemic. Consequently, this study contributes to job attitude research by approaching the antecedents from a combination of organisational, individual and situational factors because role conflict is reflected as a clash of job demands, family obligations and responsibilities, and the pandemic situation.

Excess and Defect: How Job-Family Responsibilities Congruence Effect the Employee Procrastination Behavior.

PurposePrior work suggests that responsibility is negatively associated with employee procrastination behavior. Based on the conservation of resources (COR) theory, we suggest this view is oversimplified and propose that procrastination can be induced when employees have congruent job and family responsibilities via the mediating effect of emotional exhaustion.MethodsThis is a quantitative study of the configurational approach. Survey data were collected from 323 employees at two stages in southern Chinese internet enterprises in September 2020. A randomized cluster sample was used and an anonymous self-assessment questionnaire was distributed to all selected respondents (employees). Samples involved different departments, and the procrastination phenomenon is more significant among them. SPSS20.2 and MPLUS 8.3 software and Response Surface Analysis Strategy were used to test the hypotheses.ResultsThe data analysis results indicated that: a) employee procrastination behavior is higher when employees’ job responsibility and family responsibility are congruent than the incongruent configurations. b) Procrastination is lower when job-family dyads are congruent at high levels of responsibility compared the low levels. c) Procrastination decreases as employees’ job and family responsibilities become more discrepant (ie, incongruent); employees with low job-high family responsibilities procrastinate more than those with high job-low family responsibilities. d) Additionally, employee-experienced emotional exhaustion mediates the relationship in four configurations between job-family responsibilities congruence and procrastination behavior.ConclusionDrawing on the conservation of resources theory, we proposed a model clarifying how varying combinations of job and family responsibilities affect employee procrastination behavior. The results showed that there are significant differences in the impact of different job-family responsibility combinations on employee procrastination behavior. Employee procrastination behavior is higher when employees’ job-family responsibility are congruent than the incongruent configurations. Additionally, employee-experienced emotional exhaustion mediates the relationship in four configurations between job-family responsibilities congruence and procrastination behavior.