Jigawa State Research Articles

The Usage of Familiarity Related Address Terms among the Academic Staff of Jigawa State College of Education and Legal Studies, Ringim

Going by the title of the research, it is purely Institution-based research in nature, as it focuses on the use of familiarity related address terms among academic staff of Jigawa State College of education and Legal Studies Ringim. The objectives of this research are: to study the address terms use in the selected tertiary institution in Jigawa State, examine the sources of address terms use among the academic staff, investigate the reasons and social factors that determine the use of the terms among the academic staff in the tertiary Institution. The study adopts Discourse analysis theory in the analysis of the data and ethnography of communication method for the data collection. The findings of the research reveal four types of familiarity related address terms that are used among academic staff of JSCOELS Ringim. The identified terms are: name, descriptive, honorific and kinship term. Besides, the reasons behind the use of the terms among the academic staff are: to show familiarity, respect, intimacy, politeness and power differential. Similarly, the research findings reveal the existence of four social factors that determine the usage of the terms among the academic staff. Such as: Education, occupational hierarchy, social status, and degree of intimacy. Lastly, the research results show that the academic staff used both English and Hausa familiarity related terms of address in addressing each other.

Implementation and Effectiveness of Inclusive Education Policies: A Case Study of Jigawa State College of Education and Legal Studies Ringim

This article presents a case study conducted at Jigawa State College of Education and Legal Studies Ringim to examine the implementation and effectiveness of inclusive education policies. The study employed a qualitative research design, including interviews, focus group discussions, and document analysis, to gather data from educators, administrators, and students. The findings highlight the challenges faced in implementing inclusive practices and the impact of inclusive education policies on student learning outcomes. The article concludes with recommendations to enhance the implementation and effectiveness of inclusive education policies at the college.

Inequality and social welfare status of paddy rice processors in Nigeria’s Jigawa State

Inequality and social welfare status of paddy rice processors in Nigeria’s Jigawa State

Digital information resources use as predictor of academic achievement among undergraduates in Jigawa State, Nigeria

This study investigated digital information resource use as a predictor of academic achievement among undergraduates in Jigawa State, Nigeria. Data was gathered through a structured questionnaire and a predictive correlation methodology was applied to a sample of 313 undergraduate students. The instrument was subjected to internal consistency and obtained Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.943, while the Analysis of Variance revealed a P-value˂α (f = 17.718, df = 37, p < 0.001) indicating high reliability. The findings offer light on the complex predictive strength of digital resources including ease of access, reliability, familiarity, and interactive features, and found that the libraries have a significant number of digital resources (Mean=3.3, SD=1.1) for academic use. There is a high degree of digital literacy (Mean=4.4, SD=1.1) among undergraduates which influences their access to digital resources for academic purposes. Undergraduate students' digital resources use significantly predict their academic achievements (β=0.839, t=23.141, r2=.703, p <.001, df = 227). Promoting digital literacy initiatives and expanding the availability of digital resources are two useful recommendations offered. The study’s general conclusion is that resource descriptions, ease of accessibility, variety of formats, and interactive platforms for digital sources predict academic performance.

Enumeration of Pathogenic Bacteria from Automatic Teller Machine (ATMs) Keyboard, a Case Study of ATM Machine of Branch 448 Unity Bank Plc Jahun, Jahun Local Government, Jigawa State

This study investigated the pathogenic bacteria from automatic teller machine (ATMs) keyboards, a case study of ATM machine of branch 448 Unity Bank PLC Jahun, Jahun Local Government, Jigawa state. ATM is used by hundreds of people in a day in the world (including Nigeria). The grab sampling techniques were used to obtain the sample. The cultural, Gram stained and biochemically tests were conducted. A total of 100 samples were collected from the ATM keyboard in the study area in April 2022, Staphylococcus aureus has the highest prevalence of 48%, E. coli 43% and P. aeruginosa has the lowest prevalence of 9% in this study. Pathogenic bacteria such as E. coli; P. aeruginosa and S. aureus on the ATMs were isolated. The research work revealed that there is a relationship between the Automatic Teller Machines (ATMs) and the isolated pathogenic bacteria. A bowl containing sanitiser should be provided by the bank management at every ATM location so that users can disinfect their hands after using the ATMs and also ATM Cleaners should be employed by the bank management so that they can disinfect the metallic buttons at intervals using compatible disinfectants.

Effect of Conditional Cash Transfer Programme on the Households in Gwiwa L.G.A. of Jigawa State

This study investigated the effect of Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) programme on households in Gwiwa Local Government Area (LGA) of Jigawa State, Nigeria. The CCT programmes have gained prominence as a poverty alleviation strategy for low-income countries. The study employed a case study method with qualitative assessments. The study adopted both primary and secondary methods of data collections through the means of survey and documentary evidence. The data analysed in this study was collected using a structured interview, while the secondary data was collected from the documented feedbacks of beneficiaries by the National Cash Transfer Office (NCTO). Tables, percentages and content analysis method were used to analyze the data. To advance credible arguments for the discourse, the Social Capital Theory was adopted. Some of the findings were improved savings abilities and specialized livelihood activities among others. From the findings made, it was concluded that the conditional cash transfer programme has improved the household finances and savings abilities of recipients and enabled them to enroll in multiple saving groups which led to improved livelihood. The study recommended the proposition for improved funding to sustain the savings abilities and improved livelihood activities of the recipients in Gwiwa Local Government Area. This could have a wider-reaching positive effect on households as well as improved well-being and livelihoods of recipients in Jigawa state in particular and the nation at large.

Candida albicans Infection and Associated Risk Factors among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic at Federal Medical Centre, Birnin Kudu, Jigawa State

Candida albicans affects the quality of life and when present in pregnant women it causes complications especially in individuals that are immunocompromised and or poor attitude to hygiene. A total of 60 high vaginal swap (HVS) samples were taken from pregnant women and analyzed for the presence of C. albicans species. Swap sticks were used in the collection of white patches found around the posterior fornix of the vagina and inoculated in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar and incubated at 37oC for 24hours. Slides were prepared and viewed under reduced light microscope using ×10 and ×40 objective magnification. Germ tube test was carried out to distinguish C. albicans species from other Candida species, using test tubes containing 0.5ml human serum. The result shows that those in their second and third trimester have higher prevalence 12 (40.0%) of C. albicans and the secondi gravid 16 (53.3). Similarly, those in the age group of 15-20 years have prevalence 20 (66.7). Although, not significant (P> 0.05), third trimester, use of tights and age were important predisposing factors as revealed by the adjusted odd ratio of 3.3, 2.2 and 6.9 respectively. High prevalence of Candida albicans was observed and factors such as hygiene habit, age of the women, use of antibiotics, trimester and dressing among women played important role as risk factors. Destruction of epithelia cells of the vagina was significantly correlated with C. albicans infection.

The Distribution and Abundance of Macroinvertebrates in Wawan-Rafi Lake, Kazaure, Jigawa State

The Distribution and Abundance of Macroinvertebrates in Wawan-Rafi Lake, Kazaure, Jigawa State

Effect of Service Quality on Customers’ Loyalty in Banks: Case Study of Some Selected Banks in Jigawa State

This study explores the effect of service quality on customer loyalty. The study explicitly focuses on four banks: Access Bank, UBA, First Bank Nigeria Plc, and Unity Bank. The study used the Behavior Modification Perspective (BMP) as the theory that underpins this study. The survey research design was adopted for this study. The quantitative data was gathered from a sample of 384 customers of the four selected banks. Ninety-six respondents were sampled from each of the four banks. The study used frequency count, simple percentages to describe the data and linear regression for the hypothesis testing. The findings revealed a significant relationship between service quality and customer loyalty in some selected banks in Jigawa State and that service quality significantly affects customer loyalty. Based on these insights, it is recommended that banks in Jigawa State improve the quality of their services provided to enhance customer satisfaction and retain their trust. They should allocate more of their resources and attention towards bolstering service quality.

Analysis of Physico-Chemical Characteristics and Heavy Metals Content in Water Samples Utilizing Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry in Kafin Hausa, Jigawa State, Nigeria.

Heavy metals contamination of ground, stream, and river water ecosystems is a worldwide environmental problem (Sekabira et al., 2010), and between the wide diversity of contaminants affecting water resources, heavy metals receive particular concern considering their strong toxicity even at low concentrations (Marcovecchio et al., 2007). The levels of heavy metals in surface, ground, and tap water samples collected in Kafin Hausa were determined using Atomic Absorption spectrophotometry, whereas nitrate, ammonium, and phosphate ions were analysed using spectrophotometric methods. The following ranges were obtained for Mn (0.032±0.001 to 0.092±0.001 mg/l), Fe (0.029±0.001 to 0.051±0.001 mg/l), Pb (0.017±0.001 to 0.0095±0.001 mg/l), Cu (0.016±0.001 to 0.032±0.001 mg/l), Cd (0 to 0.0055±0.001 mg/l), Zn (0.016±0.001 to 0.032±0.001 mg/l), NO3-N (1.16±0.261 to 1.55±0.232 mg/l), PO4-P (0.596±0.267 to 1.26±0.502 mg/l) and NH4-N (0.700±0.041 to 0.771±0.094 mg/l), pH (8.2±0.1 to 8.4±0.1), EC (134.7±0.5 to 161.6±0.4 µS/cm), Temperature (26.5±0.00 to 27.8±0.00 oC) and TDS (64.9±0.3 to 80.8±0.2 mg/l). The results of this study showed that out of those metals and anions analyzed only that of PO43 exceeded the permissible limit of good portable water set by NAFDAC/WHO (2011) in all the samples analyzed.

Effects of Selected Properties of Semi-Arid Soil of Dutse, Jigawa State on Adsorption of Pb and Cd Ions

This study determined the effects of some selected physical and chemical properties of semi-arid soil on heavy metal sorption. Soil samples were collected randomly from Federal University Dutse within Nigeria's Sudan Savannah agroecological zone. Nitrate salts were used to prepare three different concentrations (10, 20, 30 mg/kg) of CdCl2 and PbCl2. The equilibrium sorption of the study soil was determined. The equilibrium sorption data were fitted into Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm model's r2 values (1) were at par. The boundary energy b (1 mg-1) from the Langmuir isotherm model was determined to be -110.0 and 47 for Pb and Cd, respectively. Freundlich isotherm sorption intensity (n) of 1.92 and 1.67 indicated a favorable sorption, revealing physical adsorption rather than chemical adsorption. Correlation analysis established the relationship between the heavy metal sorption capacity and soil properties. The R values of 0.92 and 0.72 showed a positive relationship between Pb and Cd adsorption with soil silt content. Positive relationships (R) were obtained from the organic matter (0.68), Total Nitrogen (0.99 and 0.60), as well as particle size on adsorption of both metals. Adsorption of heavy metals was positively affected by the physical and chemical properties of the semi-arid soil.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers of childbearing age.

The American Academy of Pediatrics and the World Health Organization recommend exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for up to 6 months. Despite the importance of breast milk, EBF is far less prevalent in Nigeria than is recommended for developing countries. Worse still, the odds of EBF practice are very low in rural communities. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of EBF as well as identify the factors associated with EBF practice among mothers of childbearing age in Chamo town, Jigawa State, Nigeria. The study is a cross-sectional design using a questionnaire to assess the required information. The methodology involved the use of simple random sampling to select mothers of reproductive age from Chamo town, which is a rural community located in Jigawa State, Nigeria. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to assess the mother's knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding EBF. Simple and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the factors associated with the practice of EBF. A total of 400 mothers between the ages of 18 and 41 took part in the study. More than half of the participants (57.8%) were between the ages of 26 and 33 and had a primary level of education (30.5%). Only 26.8% of the respondents practice EBF. Those with a tertiary education (AOR = 10.00, p < 0.001), civil servants (AOR = 12.51, p < 0.001), those aware of EBF (AOR = 3.65, p = 0.002), those with correct EBF knowledge (AOR = 4.61, p < 0.001), those with a positive attitude toward EBF demand (AOR = 0.51, p = 0.050), and those who received encouragement from their community (AOR = 9.87, p < 0.001) were more likely to practice EBF. The findings of the study revealed that the majority of the respondents' knowledge, attitude, and practice of EBF were minimal. This shows the need to step up efforts to educate mothers about the advantages of EBF for both their own health and that of their children while they are in the hospital recovering from childbirth.

Gender Difference in Learning Approaches Among Education Students of Sule Lamido University Kafin Hausa, Jigawa State, North-West, Nigeria

This study investigated gender difference in learning approaches among education students of Sule Lamido University Kafin Hausa, Jigawa State, North-West, Nigeria. Ex-post facto design was used. The study used 101 students as samples drawn from the university. The Revised Two-Factor Study Process Questionnaire (R-SPQ-2F) was adopted to measure learning approaches. Cronbach Alpha, Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient values of Revised Two-Factor Study Process Questionnaire (R-SPQ-2F) were .77, and .62 respectively. The statistic used to analyze the data was t-test for independent sample. One hypothesis was formulated and tested. The study did not find any significant difference in learning approaches between female learners and male learners was not significant (p&gt;0.05). It was recommended that teachers should orient their students about learning approaches to studies as well as use of essay and objective test items as assessment tools throughout their programme.

Effects of Malaria Parasites and Its Prevalence in Pregnant Women Attending the Antenatal Clinic: A Study in Gumel General Hospital, Jigawa State, Nigeria

Effects of Malaria Parasites and Its Prevalence in Pregnant Women Attending the Antenatal Clinic: A Study in Gumel General Hospital, Jigawa State, Nigeria

Impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) On The Economy of Jigawa State

In recent years, progress in information and communication technology (ICT) has caused many structural changes such as reorganization of economy, globalization, and trade extension, which leads to capital flows and enhancing information availability. Moreover, ICT plays a significant role in development of each economic sector, especially during liberalization process. Growth economists predict that economic growth is driven by investments in ICT. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) such as the world-wide application of mobile phones and internet etc. have contributed substantially to the fast-growing world economy in unprecedented ways. The objectives of this study was to identify and determine the role that ICT played/playing in improving the economic growth and development of Jigawa state, also factors limiting the use of ICT in most of the key areas that support economy are identified. A questionnaire survey was administered manually to 184 sampled respondents. Descriptive statistic were used in analyzing the data and testing of hypothesis among different classes of the respondents. The result showed that everyday more people are getting involved in using ICT technology, these tells that ICT brings positive change in diversifying the Jigawa state economy. The implications of these results are that most people of Jigawa state are doing farming as their occupation and have a disperse settlement, because of these, they requires maximum support from either government or private organizations to provide them with ICT facilities, orient the people on the use of ICT and the possible ways to use it for self-entrepreneurship program in order to boost the economy.

Assessment of quality indicators of nursing care and clients’ satisfaction at federal medical centre Jigawa state, Nigeria

Background:The challenges in Human Resources for Health Management and Development are global. It is particularly worst in sub Saharan Africa which has been strewn with crisis. Investments in the training of the much needed professionals do not seem to match requirement and therefore does not make the expected impact. A number of other factors have also been assigned to the low level of health worker concentration in areas where their services are needed in Africa. The quality of care that nurses provide is influenced by individual nurse characteristics such as knowledge and experience, as well as human factors such as fatigue. Aims: The study aim was to Assess Quality indicators of Nursing care and clients’ satisfaction at Federal Medical Centre Jigawa State, Nigeria. Methodology: A Descriptive cross sectional design with quantitative and qualitative data collection approach was implemented in this study to Assess Quality indicators of Nursing care and clients’ satisfaction at Federal Medical Centre Jigawa State, Nigeria. The population of the study comprises nurse managers and in-patients of Federal medical Centre, Birnin kudu, Jigawa State. Probability (stratified) sampling was used for quantitative aspect and census sampling for qualitative aspect. Four main tools were used for data collection. SPSS version 24 was used for data analysis. Results: The results revealed that: In the result to assess the nursing care quality, 34% of the respondents were very comfortable of the helpfulness of nurses. 26.7% reported to be good as well as excellent by 23.3%.Significant percentages of the respondents (38.4%) were very comfortable on how nursing staffs respond to their calls, and only 5.8% reported to be poorly comfortable. Skills and competence of nursing were determined, and results show that 33.7% of the patients happen to be very good with how nurses are administering medicines and handling I.Vs. As high as 24.4% of the patients agreed that the coordination of care by the nurses as very good, while 23.3 reported to be excellent Conclusion: There is uneven distribution of nurses. Hospital infection rates and mortality rates are important indicators of quality. There are so many strategies to improve quality of care. Clients are satisfied with quality of care they receive; however, a lot improvement can be made.

Slim north, fat south: explaining regional differences in abnormal weights in Nigeria.

Weight abnormalities (underweight, overweight, and obesity) can cause life-threatening ailments. This study investigates disparities in the prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obesity between northern and southern Nigeria and their associated factors. Using the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS), the study analysed a sample of 12,333 women with complete records of body mass index. The study found that southern women had lower odds of being underweight than women in the north, but the reverse was the case for overweight and obesity. The prevalence of underweight was 11.6%, and it varies from 6.9% in the southern state of Enugu to 31.6% in the northern state of Jigawa. The national prevalence of overweight was 17.9%, ranging from 6.7% in Jigawa State of the northern region to 39.9% in Lagos State of the south. Similarly, the prevalence of obesity in the north was 6.1% compared to 14.4% in the south, with Anambra State of the southern region recording the highest figure of 35.5% compared to 2.1% in the Yobe State of the northern region. In all, the rate of abnormal weight was significantly higher in the south than in the north. However, the type of weight abnormality varies between the two regions. Religion, education, use of contraceptives, and wealth were associated with the three forms of abnormal weights. However, while religion was significantly associated with obesity in the north, the association was not significant in the south. This study found that wealth and education have dissimilar influences on overnutrition. While the odds of being overweight and obese increase with wealth, being educated up to a secondary level significantly reduces the odds in Nigeria and across the two regions.

APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK FOR PREDICTING HYPERTENSION STATUS AND INDICATORS IN HADEJIA METROPOLITAN

The responsibilities of hypertension or long blood pressure is rapidly increasing worldwide. Jigawa state in Nigeria seems to be one of the most affected states in the country. The frequency of hypertension in Hadejia forms an ongoing section of the overall responsibility in Jigawa state because of its population among local governments in the state. The purpose of this research is to determine the frequency and classification of a case of hypertension in Hadejia. A survey for some factors was conducted to identify which among the factors impact the prevalence of long blood pressure in Hadejia. It can be seen that the overall prevalence of hypertension in the study was found to be 45.97156% and 54.02844% were found to be non-hypertensive among the categories, those who are married have a higher prevalence of 35.07109%. The study produced the results shown in Table 2, which show the frequency of hypertensive and non-hypertensive patients among the categories and the prevalence of hypertension among those categories. Non-diabetic and those whose parents are hypertensive have the same prevalence of 34.12322% whereas those at or below 25 years of age have a less prevalence of 1.421801% of hypertension. Likewise, in Table 4, ANN with 64.3% of accuracy (sensitivity). The outcome for the testing sample performed better with an accuracy of 64.35% than that for the training sample with an accuracy of 70.4%, and the result shows that Age, Diabetics, and parental Hypertension Status are contributing to the prevalence of Hypertension or long blood pressure.

Impact of Guidance Services on Students’ Awareness of HIV/AIDS in Tertiary Institutions in Jigawa State

The aim of the study is to find out whether guidance services have impact on students’ awareness of HIV/AIDS in tertiary institutions in Jigawa state. The study used descriptive survey design; the population of the study consists of fifteen thousand four hundred and seventy-two (15,472) students in six tertiary institutions under the Ministry of Education Science and Technology (MOEST) Jigawa state. 375 used as sample size for the study which drawn from the population of tertiary institutions based on the provision of Krejcie and Morgan table (1971), simple random sampling technique was used in selecting two tertiary institutions. While the instrument used in collecting data was researcher developed questionnaire (QSAHA) in form of four point likert scale, rating from 4, 3, 2 and 1 as basis for scoring. It was accepted to be valid and reliable for administration. Three research questions and three hypotheses were tested and statically analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-test of independent sample at 0.05 level of significant. The findings of the study revealed that male students indicated positive awareness unlike their female counterpart and also students came from rural areas are more aware of HIV/AIDS infection than their urban counterpart. However, students that offered arts courses were positively aware of HIV/AIDS than their counterpart offering science courses. Many implications from the guidance services were drawn from the findings of the research prior to the findings it was recommended that; enlightenment campaign and career talks should be offered to female students due to the habit of shyness in the issue of awareness. It was also recommended that further researchers may conduct relevant research that correlate the relationship on the spread of HIV/AIDS between commercial sex workers and infected married women in the north-west zone of the state.

Influence of Learning Environment and Teachers Skills On Academic Achievement Among Senior Secondary Schools Students in Jigawa State Nigeria

This study examined the Influence of learning environment, and teacher’s skill on students’ academic achievement among senior secondary school students in Jigawa State Nigeria. Using Ex-post facto design. Three objectives and three null hypotheses were formulated and tested. the population of the study consist of 28202 S.S.S. 1 students and 477 teachers out of which 381students and 217 teachers were randomly selected as sample for the study in Nine senior secondary schools in Jigawa state.Two instruments will be adapted and used in this research: Students learning environment inventory, (SLEI) and Teachers skills inventory (TSI)).All the two instruments have construct validity and reliability of internal consistency with alpha coefficients of 0.72 for SLEI and 0.84 for TSI respectively. While Average scores for qualifying examination in English and mathematics 2021/2022 is to be used as students’ academic achievement (SAA).PPMC and T-Test will be used for data analysis with the aid of SPSS 2006 version. Data collected for the study will be statistically analyzed using descriptive statistics of x and S.D as well as t-test for independent samples, all hypotheses will be tested at 0.05 level of significance, The Findings of the study revealed that, there is significant differences in students’ academic achievement on the basis of conducive or un conducive learning environment among senior secondary school students, significant differences is found between academic achievement of senior secondary school students taught by teachers with different teaching skills in Jigawa state Recommendations will be made at the end of the study