Jatropha Multifida Research Articles

The Effects of Acute Oral Toxicity of Jatropha multifida and Hyptis suaveolens on Zootechnical Parameters in Local Chickens

The substantial use of medicinal plants in traditional poultry farming is a well-established practice. The present study aimed to determine the median lethal dose (LD50) of ethanolic extracts of Jatropha multifida and Hyptis suaveolens in local chickens and to assess the effects of these extracts on feed intake, water intake, and average body weight. The methodology followed OECD Directive 223, which involves administering the highest dose of the extract to the chickens and assessing any mortality. Three homogeneous groups of five chickens each were formed for the limit dose test. The control group received distilled water, while batches 1 and 2 received 700 mg of ethanolic extract of J. multifida and H. suaveolens, respectively. The average body weight of the chickens was 350g ± 20, and the extracts were administered via gavage at a suspension of 2000 mg/kg.bwt of the extract dissolved in water. The results of the phytochemical tests indicated the presence of several chemical compounds known for their therapeutic effects. The productivity of the extract was 2.75 ± 0.19 for J. multifida and 3.3 ± 0.27 for H. suaveolens. After administration of the suspensions, observation for 14 days revealed no mortality. This finding indicated that the LD50 of the utilized ethanolic extracts exceeds the limit dose (2000 mg/kg.bwt). However, feed intake (49 ± 3 > 46±4) and average body weight (436 ± 31 > 388 ± 37) in batch 2 were significantly higher than those in batch 1. Future research should explore the subacute toxicity of J. multifida and H. suaveolens across various chicken breeds.

The Recovery from Grade II Burns in Test Mice (Mus Musculus Linn) After Using Iodine Leaf Latex Gel (Jatropha Multifida Linn)

Burn injuries are emergencies that pose a severe threat and require immediate action to save lives. The saponins, tannins, alkaloids, and flavonoids in iodine leaf latex gel (Jatropha multifida Linn) are known to speed up the healing process for burn wounds. The research aimed to investigate the effect of iodin leaf latex gel on the recovery of grade II burn wounds in male mice (Mus musculus Linn). The research employed a true-experimental laboratory method with-a-post-test-only control design group at the Kusuma Husada University Laboratory in Surakarta. A total of 24 test mice were manipulated and divided into three groups: the positive control group, the negative control group, and the iodine leaf latex gel group. Burn wounds utilized a 1,5 cm superheated mental surface applied to the backs of the mice for 5-10 seconds to induce burn injuries. The observed parameters included the burn wound area, the percentage of burn wound healing, and the duration of burn wound healing. Data analysis operated One-Way ANOVA. The research revealed that iodine leaf latex gel had a restorative time of 8 days and healing percentage of 30,75%. It was better than the other control groups. The statistical analysis indicated significance (<0,05) in the burn wound recovery percentage. In conclusion, a 6% concentration of iodine leaf latex gel had a more favorable effect on burn wound healing than other control groups.

Wound healing and coagulant activity of crude extract metabolites from fungal endophytes

Bleeding from a wound as a result of physical injury is a life-threatening condition. In pursuing new drug structures, the effect of crude fungal extracts fungal isolated from Jatropha multifida on wound healing and coagulation of mouse whole blood was investigated. Jatropha multifida leaves were sterilized, cut into small segments, and then incubated in Potato Dextrose Agar for seven days. Four isolates were purified and their morphologies were characterized. Identification of isolates was confirmed by a molecular protocol. Two crude extracts from Phlebiopsis gigantea (OK021602) and Phyllosticta sp (OK021603), which exhibited higher phytochemicals composition, were selected and evaluated using wound excision and coagulation of mouse whole blood, by administering 30 µg/mL, 50 µg/mL and 70 µg/mL crude extracts respectively. The percentage of wound healing in mice was higher (p<0.05) for the crude extracts of Phlebiopsis gigantea (OK021602) as compared to that of Phyllosticta sp (OK021603). The highest percentages of wound contraction were 99% at 70 µg/mL, and 53% at 70 µg/mL for Phlebiopsis gigantea (OK021602) and Phyllosticta sp (OK021603), respectively as compared to the control group which had 42% wound contraction at day 15 post-treatment. The results of the present study clearly indicate that Jatropha multifida leaves harbor endophytic fungi that produce pharmacologically important bioactive secondary metabolites with wound and hemostatic effects; therefore, further exploration is inevitable, particularly for the purification and identification of specific chemical structures of bioactive compounds.

Wound Healing Potential of Jatropha Multifida Leaf Ethanolic Extract and Ointment to Burn Wound

Wound Healing Potential of Jatropha Multifida Leaf Ethanolic Extract and Ointment to Burn Wound

The potential active compounds of Jatropha multifida Linn. as an anti-COVID-19 mouthwash: In silico study

Background: Povidone-iodine 1% mouthwash is one of the products recommended for preventing and controlling COVID-19 infection in dental procedures. Jatropha multifida Linn. has the same antiseptic effect as povidone-iodine. Purpose: The objective is to determine the effectiveness and interaction effect of secondary metabolites from the latex of Jatropha multifida Linn. and povidone-iodine against the main protease (MPro) SARS-CoV-2 and the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein - ACE2 receptors. Methods: The in silico test was used in this study and carried out using the Molegro Virtual Docker software for molecular docking and BIOVIA Discovery Studio and PyMOL for visualization. Results: The results show that secondary metabolite compounds contained in the latex of Jatropha multifida Linn. have a better effectiveness potential in relation to MPro SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-2 spike protein - ACE2 receptors than povidone-iodine. Conclusion: The latex of Jatropha multifida Linn. shows potential as a preventive and curative therapy for COVID-19 in the in silico study.

Antibacterial activity of Betadine ( Jatropha multifida L.) stem extract on Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth invitro.

Today, people use plants to treat various types of diseases and improve human health. One of the medicinal plants is the Betadine plant ( Jatropha multifida L.). Betadine plants have many functions, especially the sap, leaves, fruit and seeds. The compound contents in Betadine stem sap, which is efficacious as an antimicrobial, are saponins, tannins, flavonoids and labaditin. One of the bacteria that cause infection is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These bacteria can cause opportunistic and nosocomial infections. This study was a true experimental laboratory with a post-test only control group design. This study used Betadine stem sap extract with concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%, gentamicin cream 10% as positive control, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution as negative control. This study used the Kirby-Bauer diffusion method and the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa was grown on nutrient agar media, then incubated for 24 hours and calculated using calipers. Research data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA test. The highest inhibition zone was group 50% (12.725 ± 0.2500 mm) while the lowest inhibition zone was group 100% (8.675 ± 0.5620 mm). Betadine stem extract had antibacterial activity in inhibiting the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria, with the 50% concentration being the most effective in inhibiting the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria.

The beginning study of transglutaminase from plant origin

Texture is an important parameter in processed foods such as meatball, sausage and surimi, where it is affected by the protein gel strength. Sodium tripolyphosphate is often used to improve quality of food texture, and even borax which is harmful to health including causing severe dizziness and trouble breathing, is still widely used. This study aims to explore and characterize transglutaminase of plant origin which is safer than gelling chemicals agents in food products. Transglutaminase is an enzime that can modify protein into strong gel by creating cross-linkage among protein chains. Animal tissue is one source of transglutaminase but requires high costs for providing raw materials. While the search for transglutaminase source from microorganisms need many stages to ensure that transglutaminase meets safety standards, therefore transglutaminasefrom plant origin is an alternative. The method in this study was to identify and characterize transglutaminase extracted from iodine leaf (Jatropha multifida), including determining the optimum temperature, optimum pH as well as activator and inhibitor of transglutaminase extract from iodine leaf. The results showed that the optimum temperature for transglutaminase from iodine leaf is 40-60 oC; The optimum pH is in the range of 6-7. Unlike most transglutaminases derived from animal tissues, transglutaminase from iodine leaf does not depent on presence of Ca2+, however Zn2+ could be an inhibitor. Transglutaminase extract from iodine leaf has high activity, it will be a promising potential to be applied in food industry to improve texture quality.

Penentuan Kadar Fenolik Total Ekstrak Etanol Tanaman Betadin (Jatropha multifida L.) Secara Spektrofotometri

The Betadine plant (Jatropha multifida L.) is one of the Indonesian medicinal plants which is empirically widely used to treat various types of infections. The Betadine plant (Jatropha multifida L.) is known to contain phenolic compounds which have antioxidant activity and have bactericidal, antiseptic and anthelmintic properties. In this study, the total phenolic content of the ethanol extract of the Betadin plant (Jatropha multifida L.) was determined spectrophotometrically using the Folin Ciocalteu method. Gallic acid was used as a standard comparison solution in this study. From the absorbance measurement results, a linear regression equation Ŷ = 0.624 + 0.001x was obtained with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.996. The total phenolic content in Betadin plants is 0.80115% w/w which is calculated as gallic acid

Polyphenol Analysis via LC-MS-ESI and Potent Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antimicrobial Activities of Jatropha multifida L. Extracts Used in Benin Pharmacopoeia.

Jatropha multifida L., a plant from the Euphorbiaceae family, is commonly used in Benin's traditional medicine due to its therapeutic benefits. This study aims to explore the medicinal efficacy of Jatropha multifida L. by evaluating its various biological activities. An initial phytochemical analysis was conducted, following which the polyphenols and flavonoids were quantified and identified using LC-MS-ESI. The antimicrobial efficacy of the extracts was tested using agar diffusion. Their antioxidant capacity was assessed using several methods: DPPH radical reduction, ABTS radical cation reduction, ferric ion (FRAP) reduction, and lipid peroxidation (LPO). Anti-inflammatory activity was determined based on the inhibition of protein (specifically albumin) denaturation. The study identified several phenolic and flavonoid compounds, including 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid, o-Coumaroylquinic acid, Apigenin-apiosyl-glucoside, and luteolin-galactoside. Notably, the extracts of J. multifida demonstrated bactericidal effects against a range of pathogens, with Concentration Minimally Bactericidal (CMB) values ranging from 22.67 mg/mL (for organisms such as S. aureus and C. albicans) to 47.61 mg/mL (for E. coli). Among the extracts, the ethanolic variant displayed the most potent DPPH radical scavenging activity, with an IC50 value of 0.72 ± 0.03 mg/mL. In contrast, the methanolic extract was superior in ferric ion reduction, registering 46.23 ± 1.10 µgEAA/g. Interestingly, the water-ethanolic extract surpassed others in the ABTS reduction method with a score of 0.49 ± 0.11 mol ET/g and also showcased the highest albumin denaturation inhibition rate of 97.31 ± 0.35% at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL. In conclusion, the extracts of Jatropha multifida L. are enriched with bioactive compounds that exhibit significant biological activities, underscoring their therapeutic potential.

Pollen morphological studies on selected species of Jatropha L. through light microscopy from Hyderabad, Telangana State.

Pollen morphology is one of the important tools for taxonomic studies and helps in the identification of medicinal plants. Pollen characterization of four species of Jatropha viz., Jatropha gossypifolia, Jatropha integerrima, Jatropha multifida, and Jatropha podagrica. collected from Greater Hyderabad of Telangana State, India during 2022-23 was carried out by using Light Microscope (LM). The pollen types looked similar but varied in size and shape. The pollen grains are spheroidal to circular, isopolar and radially symmetrical. Grains are inapertutate/omniaperturate with surface showing crotonoid pattern. The plants studied in the present work were known for their medicinal use having anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheal, antiophidian, analgesic, antipyretic, antimicrobial, healing, antianemic, antidiabetic, and antihemorrhagic activities and most important in traditional system of medicine.

Phytochemical and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Jatropha multifida L.: A Review

Inflammation is the body's physiological response to infection and injury. Inflammation maintains tissue homeostasis under various hazardous conditions. This review article aims to provide the latest knowledge about the chemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of Jatropha multifida L. Literature is taken from various online journals search sites such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct, which have been published since 2012-2022. Based on 9 articles used, 7 discussed phytochemicals, and 4 discussed anti-inflammatory activity. Jatropha multifida L. contains alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, phenols, and terpenoids, which have anti-inflammatory activity by reducing the volume of edema and the number of PMN leukocytes. This review shows that Jatropha multifida L. has the potential as a natural anti-inflammatory.

Anti-Stapylococcus Epidermidis of Methanolic Extracts from Some East Lombok Medicinal Plants

Wounds are structural and functional disruptions of the skin that occur as a result of an injury. Wound healing is a complex tissue repair or remodelling process in response to the injury. The most common factor that causes wounds not properly heal is infection. An infection develops when microorganisms enter the body, multiply, and trigger an immune reaction in the body. This study aims to determine the activity of Jatropha multifida L., Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl, Centella asiatica (L.) Urb., Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotzsch, and Angelica keiskei (miq.) Koidz has long been used to treat and manage wounds in East Lombok. The plants were dried and macerated with methanol; excessed solvent was evaporated. Disc diffusions were used to determine the antibacterial activity of the plant extracts. All extracts were tested against Staphylococcus epidermidis, a common cause of wound infection. Statistically, the activity of Jatropha multifida (5;10 mg/mL), Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (10 mg/mL), Centella asiatica (10 mg/mL), Euphorbia pulcherrima (M) (5, 10 mg/mL), and Angelica keiskei (2,5; 5; 10 mg/mL) extracts were comparable with positive control. However, Angelica keiskei has a wider inhibition zone than other extracts. This discovery could be served as a basis for using plants to aid wound healing, especially to combat the interference bacteria. However, further research is needed to discover the active phytochemicals involved in the antibacterial and wound healing process.

Jatropha multifida L stem sap gel versus Aloe vera gel to post-gingivectomy healing process

Introduction: Gingivectomy is cutting the gingiva during a gingival enlargement condition that causes an open wound in the gingiva. Jatropha multifida L gel contains active ingredients of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins, which are thought to accelerate the wound healing process, but its use in dentistry is limited. The objective of this research is to determine the effectiveness of the application of Jatropha multifida L stem sap gel in the wound healing process post-gingivectomy in Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus) compare with Aloe vera gel (Aloe Barbadensis Miller) by using parameters the number of fibroblasts, blood vessels and the density of collagen fibers Methods: Rats were divided into 4 groups, namely group K (Aloe vera gel), P1 (Jatropha multifida L stem sap gel 2,5%), P2 (Jatropha multifida L stem sap gel 5%) and P3 (Jatropha multifida L stem sap gel 10%). Each group was given the gel twice a day in the wound area; then the wound was observed microscopically by Haematoxylin Eosin staining to count the number of fibroblasts and blood vessels also Masson Trichrome staining to observe the density of collagen fibers on day 3 and 7. Results: The data obtained were statistically analyzed using the One Way Anova, Dunnet and Kruskal-Wallis test. One Way Anova test shows there is a significant difference (p<0.05) in the number of fibroblasts, and the Dunnet test shows there is a significant difference (p<0.05) in the number of fibroblasts in Jatropha multifida L stem sap gel group 2.5% and 5 % on day 3. One Way Anova test shows no significant difference (p>0.05) in the number of blood vessels. The Kruskal-Wallis test shows no significant difference (p>0.05) in collagen fiber density. Conclusion: Jatropha multifida L Stem Sap gel has the same potential as Aloe vera gel in accelerating wound healing after gingivectomy in Wistar rats.

Phytochemical screening and anti-hyperglycemic effect of Jatropha multifida L. ethanol extract and its fraction on a high-fat diet and Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Phytochemical screening and anti-hyperglycemic effect of Jatropha multifida L. ethanol extract and its fraction on a high-fat diet and Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Web-Based System for Medicinal Plants Identification Using Convolutional Neural Network

Indonesia has a variety of medicinal plants that are efficacious for preventing or treating various diseases. Each region has unique medicinal plants, such as in North Sulawesi, there are many medicinal plants with local names of "Jarak" (Jatropha curcas), "Jarak Merah" (Jatropha multifida), "Miana" (Coleus Scutellarioide), and "Sesewanua" (Clerodendron Squmatum Vahl). This research applies the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) method to identify the types of medicinal plants of North Sulawesi based on leaf images. Data was collected directly by taking photos of medicinal plant leaves and then using the augmentation process to increase the data. The first stage is conducting training and validation processes using 10-fold cross-validation, resulting in 10 classification models. Evaluation results show that the lowest validation accuracy of 98.4% was obtained from fold-4, and the highest was 100% from fold-2. The third stage was to run the testing process using new data. The results showed that the worst model produced a test accuracy of 80.91% while the best model produced an accuracy of 87.73% which means that the identification model is quite good and stable in classifying types of medicinal plants based on its leaf images. The final stage is to develop a web-based system to deploy the best model so people can use it in real-time

IN SILICO STUDY OF YODIUM LEAF (JATROPHA MULTIFIDA LINN) ACTIVE COMPOUND AS ANTIBIOTIC FOR DIABETIC WOUNDS

Objective: In this study, an in silico test of 13 active compounds of leaf Jatropha multifida Linn. was carried out against the gyrase receptor (PDB ID: 2XCT).
 Methods: The methods include molecular docking, ADMET prediction, and a review of Lipinski's Rule of Five.
 Results: Molecular docking simulation results obtained three test compounds with free energy of binding (∆G) and inhibition constants (Ki) at active site A, which are lower than the comparison compound, ciprofloxacin (∆G-5.41 kcal/mol). The three compounds are C2 (multidione), C5 (citlalitrione), and C6 (cleomiscosin A) which have ΔG of-6.00,-6.90, and-5.56 kcal/mol. Based on ADMET prediction, compound C5 has better pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and toxic activities compared to ciprofloxacin.
 Conclusion: Therefore, C5 is the best active compound from J. multifida, which can be used as a candidate for new antibiotics in the treatment of diabetic wounds.

Antibacterial activity of Betadine (Jatropha multifida L.) stem extract on Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth in vitro

Background: Today, people use plants to treat various types of diseases and improve human health. One of the medicinal plants is the Betadine plant (Jatropha multifida L.). Betadine plants have many functions, especially the sap, leaves, fruit and seeds. The compound contents in Betadine stem sap, which is efficacious as an antimicrobial, are saponins, tannins, flavonoids and labaditin. One of the bacteria that cause infection is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These bacteria can cause opportunistic and nosocomial infections. Methods: This study was a true experimental laboratory with a post-test only control group design. This study used Betadine stem sap extract with concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%, gentamicin cream 10% as positive control, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution as negative control. This study used the Kirby-Bauer diffusion method and the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa was grown on nutrient agar media, then incubated for 24 hours and calculated using calipers. Research data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA test. Results: The highest inhibition zone was group 50% (12.725 ± 0.2500 mm) while the lowest inhibition zone was group 100% (8.675 ± 0.5620 mm). Conclusions: Betadine stem extract had antibacterial activity in inhibiting the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria, with the 50% concentration being the most effective in inhibiting the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria.

ISOLATION AND ACTIVITY ANTIBACTERIAL OF ISOLATES ENDOPHYTE FUNGI OF JATROPH MULTIFIDA L. STEM

Endophytic fungi that live on plant tissue has the potential to produce secondary metabolites, same as its host. This study aims to isolation endophyte fungi and antibacterial activity of isolate endophyte fungi of Jatropha multifida L. stem to Escheriacia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The preliminary research was performed by isolation endophyte fungi of Jatropha multifida L. stem use PDAC medium and the result of isolation endophyte fungi Jatropha multifida L. stem obtained 6 isolates. Isolates endophyte fungi done examination morphology by microskopic method obtained that islolates have different carasteristic. Based on examination of antibacterial activity by agar diffusion method showed that isolates endophyte fungi that potential as antibacterial is isolate IFJT1 code where isolate IFJT1 code active to Escheriacia coli bacteria obtained inhibitory zone diameter of 17,7 mm and to Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.obtained inhibitory zone diameter of 16,7 mm

Phytochemical Screening and Antidengue Activity of Jatropha Multifida Extract against DENV-2

Cases of dengue infection are still high in various parts of the world and no antiviral has been found to treat dengue infection. Jatropha multifida is one of the herbs used by the community to treat dengue infection, but pre-clinical and clinical scientific evidence has not been carried out. Phytochemical screening of ethanol extract of Jatropha multifida leaves was carried out using thin layer chromatography. Cytotoxic assay was performed on Vero cells using the MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide). The cytotoxic concentration 50 (CC50) was determined using probit analysis. Anti-dengue test on dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2) was performed on Vero cells and the RNA (ribonucleic acid) copy number was quantified using quantitative polymerase chain reactions ((qPCR). Phytochemical screening results showed that the ethanol extract of Jatropha multifida leaves contains flavonoid and terpenoid compounds. CC50 of the extract was found to be 651.8 µg/mL. The RNA copy number of the treated group was lower than the control group and the difference was significant. The ethanol extract of Jatropha multifida leaves has anti-dengue activity against DENV-2.

Effect of the treatment with salve of topical tintir castor bark extract (jatropha multifida l) on the number of fibroblast, fibrin formation, and density of collagen in the wound healing process of the rat with the acute injury model

The use of tradisional medicine in indonesia is part of the culture of the nation and much utilized by society. This study aimed to determine the effect of of the Treatment With Salve Of Topikal Tintir Castor Bark Extract (Jatropha Multifida L) on the Number of Fibroblast, Fibrin, Formation, And Density of Collagen In The Wound Healing Process of The Rat With The Acute Injury Model through excision diameter of 0.8 cm x 0.8 on the rat back. The research was conducted in the Animal laboratory of Hasanuddin University and the Education Animal Clinic(KHP), UNHAS. The method used in this research is the post-test control group design only. The sample consisted of 45 Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups: negative control (Vaseline), positive control (Oxcytetracilin 3%) and extract stem tintir distance. Data analysis using one way test anova. The study results indicated that on day 3(tree) the fibroblast showed an significant differences between groups of negative group and the tintir castro stem group of 10% (p=0.081) and there was an significant between the positive group and the tintir castro stem group of 10% (p=0.167); and on day 7(seven) and day 14, there was a difference but significant.