Islamic Sultanate Research Articles

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF QUESTION-ANSWER RELATIONSHIP AND ANTICIPATION-REACTION GUIDE STRATEGIES FOR TEACHING READING HORTATORY EXPOSITION TEXTS TO STUDENTS WITH HIGH AND LOW CRITICAL THINKING

This study investigates the effectiveness of Question-Answer Relationship and Anticipation-Reaction Guide strategies for enhancing students’ reading comprehension to students with high and low critical thinking. This study is quantitative research by using experimental factorial design 2x2. The participants of this study were 26 students of XI-IPS1 as the first experimental group and 25 students of XI-IPS 2 as the second experimental group at the Islamic Private Senior High School Sultan Agung 3 Semarang. The findings of this study show that (1) Question-Answer Relationship strategy has better effect for students with high and low critical thinking (2) Question-Answer Relationship and Anticipation-Reaction Guide strategies are equal treated to students with high critical thinking (3) Question-Answer Relationship strategy has better effect to students with low critical thinking (4) the students with high and low critical thinking improve equally treated by Question-Answer Relationship strategy (5) the students with high critical thinking improve better treated by Anticipation-Reaction Guide strategy (6) there is an interaction among teaching strategies, reading comprehension, and their critical thinking. To sum up, there is an interaction among teaching strategies, reading comprehension, and students’ critical thinking in teaching reading hortatory exposition texts to students with high and low critical thinking. Keywords: Anticipation-Reaction Guide, High Critical Thinking, Low Critical Thinking, Question-Answer Relationship, Teaching Reading.

Cover, Content, and Editorial Note from Borneo J Pharm Vol. 4 No. 3 August 2021

Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
 Alhamdulillahirabbil ‘alamin. The next edition of Borneo Journal of Pharmacy (Borneo J Pharm), has been published in August 2021. Starting from this volume, Borneo J Pharm increases the frequency of publishing four times a year. This change aims to improve the circulation of the best articles published by Borneo J Pharm.
 This edition contains ten articles consisting of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Microbiology Pharmacy, Natural Product Development, Clinical-Community Pharmacy, and Management Pharmacy. This edition includes writings from four countries including Greece, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, and Sudan. The authors come from several institutions, including STIKES Cendekia Utama Kudus, Universitas Sari Mulia, National Agency of Drug and Food Control of Republic of Indonesia, National Agency of Drug and Food Control of Republic of Indonesia in Gorontalo, Universitas Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur, Balai Taman Nasional Gunung Merapi, Universitas Sembilanbelas November Kolaka, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Riau, Omdurman Islamic University, University of Khartoum, King Saud University, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Universitas Pancasila, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Ibrahim Adjie Health Center, University of Crete, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, New York College, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Borneo Lestari, and Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
 The editorial board would like to thank all editors and reviewers, and contributors of the scientific articles who have provided the repertoire in this issue. We hope that all parties, especially the contributors, could re-participate for publication in the next edition in November 2021.
 Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.

Medical and Pharmacy Students’ Attitudes Towards Physician-Pharmacist Collaboration in Indonesia: A Case Study Approach

Learning process evaluation of Interprofessional Education (IPE) was crucial to determine the implementation process’s success. The evaluation can be done by researching student attitudes in IPE activities. Research on students' attitudes in medical education and pharmacy study programs is expected to be a guideline for the IPE curriculum drafting team at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, Semarang, to develop future IPE learning activities. The study design was observational analytic with a cross-sectional method involving all medical and pharmacy students of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung who had participated in a Small Group Discussion with TB management and met the inclusion criteria. Data collection was carried out in August 2020 using an online google form questionnaire. Data obtained through the Scale of Attitudes Toward Psychic-Pharmacist Collaboration questionnaire contains 16 questions tested for validity and reliability. Questions were answered using a 4-point Likert Scale. The statistical test analysis results on the total score of the collaboration attitude scale using the Mann Whitney Test was a p-value of 0.000. The median total score of medical and pharmacy students was 47.00 and 56.00, respectively. The p-value indicates a significant difference between the total scores of medical and pharmacy students. Based on the analysis results, the study shows significant differences in collaboration attitudes. Medical education students fall into the "moderate" category and pharmacy students in the "high" category. The pharmacy students have a more positive collaboration attitude than medical education students toward future collaborative relationships.

Efektifitas guru pendidikan jasmani dalam pembelajaran daring

The implementation of education policies during the Covid-19 pandemic caused learning activities to be carried out remotely through the network or online. Responding to the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic, teachers are required to be able to use technology to facilitate the online learning process and change teaching as usual with virtual media. The purpose of this study is to see the effectiveness of physical education teachers in online learning. The type and approach of this research is descriptive qualitative, which was conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Semarang, SMA Negeri 11 Semarang, SMA Sedes Sapientiae, and SMA Islam Sultan Agung 1 Semarang. Data collection techniques were carried out by observation, interviews with physical education teachers and documentation. Based on the research results, zoom is considered the most effective for implementing online learning. In fact, online learning hinders the implementation of some materials in physical education learning because not all materials can be taught through online learning. The success factor of online learning is driven by the interest and ability of students to continue learning. The obstacle in this online learning is the network or connection, and students and teachers feel bored and bored if they have to deal with gadgets or laptops continuously.

Arya Penangsang: Santri Kesayangan Sunan Kudus sebagai Pembangun Memori Kolektif dalam Revitalisasi Kota Cepu

The issue of locality emerged in line with the 1998 reform movement, one of which demanded decentralization of development, including culture. The local identity of the Cepu community is important in this study. Talking about Cepu City cannot be separated from the Islamic Sultanate of Demak, Sunan Kudus, and Arya Penangsang. Arya Penangsang is the grandson of Raden Patah (founder of the Islamic Sultanate of Demak), Sunan Kudus's favorite religious and intelligent student. He is also the Duke of Jipang (Cepu of the past) who is known to be wise, brave, and a staunch Muslim. However, Cepu is an old city that historically has always been defeated, especially after the collapse of the Islamic Sultanate of Demak which was replaced by Javanese rulers in Pajang and Mataram. In the coastal areas he was known as the prince of the last heir to the Islamic Sultanate of Demak who was killed dramatically. The representation of Cepu's local identity comes through the figure of Arya Penangsang and efforts to revitalize the past glory of Jipang Kadipaten as a means of articulation. Interestingly, Arya Penangsang is a figure whom the rulers and most of the Javanese people regard as an evil, cruel, and power-hungry rebel. Thus, efforts to represent the local identity of the Cepu community clash with the dominant discourse of Javanese society in general. Using the ethnographic method, this article aims to express the love of the Cepu people towards Arya Penangsang and the Kadipaten Jipang. The results of this study will explain how Arya Penangsang and the past glory of the Kadipaten Jipang have been awakened in the collective memory of the Cepu people. Arya Penangsang and the Kadipaten Jipang are currently constructed as local heroes in discourses on the revitalization of Cepu City. The results of this study contribute to become a model for the revitalization of other cities that have the same issue.

Establishing the Historiography of Islamic Sultanate in Nusantara

This article is to show how to formulate historiography of Islamic sultanate in Nusantara and This article aims to explain and explore Islamic civilization from the time of the Islamic sultanate in Nusantara (Southeast Asia). This study uses historical research methods with four procedures that are followed, namely Heuristic, Source Criticism, Interpretation, Historiography and a qualitative approach. The awareness and courage to use local sources will attract new enthusiasm in writing Islam Nusantara. Western scepticism towards the original source will only limit the creativity of local Muslim historians to create works of national identity and ancestry. This does not end with criticizing local sources and scavenging them, but instead honours them using the humanities disciplines to understand past content and information in an honest academic endeavour. If comprehensive mapping and reconciliation with local sources can be carried out, then Islam in Nusantara will gain a status as prestigious as elsewhere. Can strengthen regional Islamic identity and will strengthen the nations of Southeast Asia because of the same historical roots. From an institutional perspective, this study can guarantee the availability of religious data and information, especially those related to the early arrival of Islam and its development. Although many works have been published on the history of Islamic civilization in the Nusantara, there has been no special attention to the historical development of Islamic civilization seen from the side of the Islamic sultanate in the Nusantara.
 
 Received: 4 March 2021 / Accepted: 6 May 2021 / Published: 8 July 2021

Sejarah Kesultanan Demak: Dari Raden Fatah Sampai Arya Penangsang

: The Sultanate of Demak was founded in the late 15th century and was the first Islamic sultanate on the island of Java, after the Kediri kingdom attacked and destroyed the capital of the Majapahit kingdom in Trowulan by 1474. The Sultanate of Demak was led by a son from Brawijaya V with a daughter from Campa, namely Raden Fatah. This paper will discuss the formation of the Demak Sultanate until its collapse. The purpose of this research is to determine the process of the formation of the Sultanate of Demak until the process of its collapse. This article uses the library research method. Library research is a data collection technique by reviewing books, documents, notes, and various reports related to the problem to be solved. Demak is the first Islamic sultanate on the island of Java. Demak is the area given by Brawijaya V to his son Raden Fatah. Since Raden Fatah became the ruler, Demak also had a large port, which became a means of transportation for fishermen and trade, until this Sultanate became the first Islamic sultanate in Java. The Sultanate of Demak was founded by Raden Fatah in 1478. Keywords: Sultanate of Demak, Raden Fatah, Islam

CULTURE SHOCK AND CAMPUS PROGRAM IN ELT FOR THAI UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITY OF ISLAM SULTAN AGUNG AND UNIVERSITY OF AHMAD DAHLAN

The existence of culture shock is undeniably true for foreign students studying in other countries. This phenomenon becomes more common nowadays. It also happened with some Thai students who are studying at University of Islam Sultan Agung Semarang and University of Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta. The main objectives of this article are to find out the cultural transition and to analyze the influence of culture shock and campus programs in ELT for Thai Students. This research was under a mix-method combined between qualitative and quantitative research by using purposive sampling. Twentyfour (N=24) Thai university students participated in the study. The analysis technique applied an exploratory mixed-method research design by separating the result both quantitative and qualitative. The online interview along with questionnaires was used to collect information from the students by using zoom and Google form. Data collection was performed from October to December 2020. Based on the questionnaire and interview as the primary data collection, this mini research reveals two findings. Firstly, shock culture and campus programs have a great contribution to the cultural transition in ELT. Secondly, the Thai students coped with the shock by adapting their experiences in academic programs and campus traditions. Campus programs also played a critical role in lessening culture shock.

Differences in Video Media and Flash Card Effectiveness on Knowledge and Attitudes About Body Shaming in Adolescents

Changes in reproductive health can lead to psychological disorders such as body shaming behavior due to changes in the body that occur. Body shaming has been happening lately, such as cases of bullying in both teenagers and cyberspace. The importance of education regarding body shaming as a preventive effort so that the health of each individual is prosperous because physical and mental health are interrelated and based on the results of preliminary studies it can be seen that there are students and students who do not know about body shaming. One of the efforts to prevent body shaming is the provision of education using the media because media is the most influential thing for education today and can influence the development of individual attitudes. This study aims to determine the difference in the effectiveness of the use of video media and flash cards on the knowledge and attitudes of adolescents about body shaming. The research method used is quantitative and uses a Quasi Experiment research design. There are 342 students of SMP Islam Sultan Agung 4 as the population in this study. To get a sample using purposive sampling technique and get 44 respondents for the sample used. From the results of research that has been carried out using Fisher's Test analysis, the significance value of p-value = 1,000 (<0.05). From the results of the research that has been done, it can be concluded that there is no difference between the two media, namely video and flash cards regarding attitudes and knowledge.

In Searching Architecture and City Pattern as the Mark of Old Coastal Semarang, Indonesia

Based on the previous research on the former of Semarang capital city, Kanjengan, there is a supposition that the area is a coastal city. As the consequence of the sedimentation process occurred by Java Island, Semarang city, and some cities in Java are no longer on the seashore. The cities that are archived in the Map of Indonesia in the 15th century and some records from foreign sailors, absolutely have several different conditions compared to the past and the present condition. How the architecture and the city’s patterns of the Old Semarang? The method of this research was conducted by exploring historical articles, toponyms, maps, and old pictures which were then compared with the remaining architecture and spatial patterns. The reading of old maps and pictures was done by using the seeing by believing approach. The analysis was performed by using the manual sketch. The architectural heritage like the former lighthouse, commercial corridors in the north of the square, and toponyms were tools to prove that the area was a seaport and a waterfront city. Old Coastal Semarang has an Architecture and urban design concept as the main gate from the sea to the city center at the time. Surrounding the main gate, they were the existence of the former lighthouse (the Menara Layur Mosque), multi-ethnics houses, toponyms indicating that some places were a former harbor, and the remaining trade corridor connecting the port and the local government center. This concept is similar to the Islamic Sultanates on the north coast of Java and the waterfront-based cities in the interior of Java. It is assumed that Semarang Old city has a similar role with the other Islamic Sultanates. This area is proper to be a city conservation area and become a part that is integrated into future urban planning.

Space Pattern of Samudera Pasai Sultanate

Samudera Pasai is one of the Islamic Sultanates in Indonesia which appeared in the Middle Ages or around 1267 AD. Evidence of the existence of the Sultanate of Samuedra Pasai in Indonesia is listed in the book Rihlah ilal-Masyriq (Wanderings to the East) written by Abu Abdullah Ibnu Batutha (1304 - 1368 AD), a Muslim adventurer who traveled to Samudera Pasai in 1345 AD. The spatial pattern of the Samudera Pasai Sultanate is no longer visible because there are no traces of archaeological remains in the form of any remaining buildings, except for the tombs of Sultanate figures and historical records of foreign adventurers who have explored the Samudera Pasai Sultanate. This record strengthens the evidence of the existence of the Samudera Pasai Sultanate. The methodology used in this case is a phenomenological approach and a historical approach, which are expected to approach optimal results in uncovering spatial patterns in the development of Islam. The spatial arrangement of the sultanate generally used the concept of catur gatra tungga, which was arranged in the form of: alun-alun (the square) as the center of space, markets to the north of the square, palaces to the south of the square, and mosques to the west of the square. The spatial arrangement then formed a spatial pattern that became the center of the Samudera Pasai Sultanate.

Imperialism, Buddhism and Islam in Siam: Exploring the Buddhist secular in the Nangsue Sadaeng Kitchanukit, 1867

This article argues for understanding the reform of the Buddhist tradition in nineteenth-century Siam as a shift towards a secular conceptual grammar, and positions this shift within the dual imperial context of Siam. The binary conceptual structure that can be traced in the Nangsue Sadaeng Kitchanukit (Elaboration on major and minor matters, 1867) also included an opposition between Buddhism and Islam, documenting not only the epistemic marks of the Christian missionary encounter, but also the inner-political imperial context of Siam's hegemony over the Islamic sultanate of Patani.

Effect of Mindi Leaf Powder (Melia azedarach L) on Mortality of Anopheles aconitus Instar III Larvae

Background: Malaria is a disease caused by Plasmodium parasite infection wwhich is transmitted through bite of an Anopheles mosquito. Efforts to control malaria can be carried out in various ways, starting from treatment, prevention, to breaking the transmission chain through vectors, both mosquitoes and larvae. Mindi tree contains Azadiractin compounds which are larvicides. Study aims to determine effect of mindi leaf powder (Melia azedarach L) on mortality of Anopheles aconitus instar III larvae.Methods: A true experimental study with a post test only control group design, the object of research was Anopheles aconitus Instar III larvae. The research was conducted at Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, Semarang. 20 larvae / 100 ml were used. Air temperature and water pH were controlled during observation. Assessment by counting number of mortality larvae and the number of live larvae from each treatment was compared to the control. The data obtained were analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis statistical test. The LD50 and LD90 were analyzed using Probit analysis.Results: The dose of 0.2 g/100 ml was the minimum dose that killed 100% of larvae of Anopheles aconitus (p = 0.01). In the probit test, LD50 was 0.01 g/100 ml of aquades, while LD90 was 0.06 gram/ 100 ml of aquades.Conclusion: Dose can served as larvicidal (LD90 )was 0.06 g/100 ml of aquades., while LD50 was 0.01 g/100 ml of aquades.

Faktor luaran dan hubungannya terhadap pencapaian ujian pengesanan dan jantina pelajar dalam kemahiran menulis Bahasa Arab di Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Malaysia

This study was conducted to examine the relationship between external factors on the achievement of assessment tests and gender of students in Arabic writing skills in Malaysian Institutions of Higher Learning. A total of 140 respondents from four Malaysian higher learning institutions (MHLI) were selected, namely Sultan Zainal Abidin University (90 respondents), International Islamic University College of Selangor (25 respondents), Sultan Ahmad Shah Islamic University College, Pahang (9 respondents), and Sultan Ismail Petra International Islamic College (16 respondents) as the study sample. The data obtained were analysed using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) version 22.0 software. Inferential analysis method, namely Pearson correlation was used to find the relationship between two different study variables, namely dependent variables and independent variables. The findings showed that there was no significant relationship between external factors on Arabic writing skills based on assessment tests. However, this relationship was found to be significant based on gender of students. This was because the correlation between external factors with student achievement test scores was (r = - 0.062, n = 140, p = 0.463), while the correlation between external factors on gender of students was (r = 0.181, n = 140, p = 0.032). This finding indicates that the relationship between external factors with the assessment test was irrelevant in affecting Arabic writing skills, and was not significant. However, the researchers found that external factors can significantly affect the Arabic writing skills among MHLI students based on gender through the analysis of the study obtained.

MICROCONTROLLER BASED LINE FOLLOWER ROBOT

The development of technology in the field of robotics is very fast, but in the eastern regions of Indonesia, namely, the development of the development has not yet felt the impact. Especially in the Universitas Islam Sultan Agung learning media devices for microcontrollers are also not yet available. Therefore, the author wants to pioneer by implementing the simplest robot design, the line follower robot, where the robot only goes along the lines. This study uses an experimental method, by conducting a research process based on sequences, namely: needs analysis, mechanical chart design, electronic part design, and control program design, manufacturing, and testing. The line follower robot based on the ATmega32A microcontroller has been tested, and the results show that the line follower robot can walk following the black line on the white floor and can display the situation on the LCD. But this line follower robot still has shortcomings in the line sensor sensitivity process depending on a certain speed. At speeds of 90-150RPM, the line follower robot can follow the path, while more than 150 rpm, the robot is not able to follow the path.

Stimulating Students' Interprofessional Teamwork Skills Through Community-Based Education: A Mixed Methods Evaluation.

BackgroundInterprofessional education (IPE) is suggested as a good means to prepare future healthcare professionals for collaborative work in interprofessional teams enabling them to solve complex health problems. Previous studies have advocated experiential IPE, including community-based IPE (CBIPE). This study aims to evaluate a CBIPE programme by exploring the students’ perception toward CBIPE design and toward groups’ teamwork.MethodsTo identify students’ perceptions of teamwork, the Interprofessional Teamwork Evaluation questionnaire was administered to 254 students of medical, nursing and midwifery programme. Three uni-professional focus group (FG) discussions were conducted to analyse the students’ perception of the design of community-based education and underlying reasons for teamwork.ResultsFGs reported three aspects that influence skills development in collaborative practice among students that shed light on why midwifery and nursing students held less positive perceptions of communication and mutual support: 1) communication gap due to lack of confidence, 2) contrasting ways of thinking affect communication in decision-making, and 3) the leadership culture in the health services.ConclusionA CBIPE programme was successfully implemented at Universitas Islam Sultan Agung. It demonstrated that students in the health professions can develop skills in collaborative practice despite having some problems with communication and mutual support.

The Effect of Teachers’ Use of Deixis on Students’ Understanding of Their Talk

Language is crucial in human life as it cannot be separated from human being. People could deliver his or her thought by using language. Deixis is defined as words used to point on something that depends on the context. According to Levinson the single most obvious way in which the relationship between language and context is reflected in the structures of language themselves, is through the phenomenon of deixis. The aim of this study is to investigate the topic based on the observation, the realization of deixis also existed in education. The phenomenon occured when the English teacher explained the lessons in a classroom during the teaching learning process in SMA Islam Sultan Agung 3 Semarang. In obtaining the data, The research design used in this study was a qualitative research (particularly, a classroom analysis) supported by a bit of quantitative data. The object of the study comprised two things, namely teachers’ and students’ use of deixis in their talk. Person deixis was dominant used by interaction in class between students and English teacher of their talk. the teacher’s questionnaire could be said as valid.. The rtableused was 0.878 since the sample size was two teachers. And then, the students questionnaire was also valid. the rtableused was 0.388 since the sample size was thirty students. Pre-test were 46.6. After doing the same calculation procedures as to the post -test, the researcher found that the students’ mean score 81.0 from the data.

Visitor Satisfaction Analysis of Library Services at Sultan Agung Islamic University Using Libqual and Fuzzy

Quality of service is part of the services provided by the Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA) library so that it matches the expectations and needs of visitors. There is not yet a system that can be used to measure service quality so that the process of measuring services is less than optimal. So it needs to be made a system that can be used to evaluate the quality of library services. The system was built using two methods in its development, namely the Libqual Method and the Fuzzy Tsukamoto Method by using a Likert scale from values 1 to 5. The Libqual method is used to measure the gap between perception and expectations with two calculations namely Adequancy Gap (AG) and Superiority Gap (SG) , in Fuzzy Tsukamoto there are four process processes, namely fuzzyfication, rule formation, inference and defuzzyfication machines which are used as ranking of each question on the questionnaire regarding service quality. Ranking aims to find out the question items about the quality of service that has the best value on a scale from small to large. The results of calculations using Libqual and Fuzzy Tsukamoto from three dimensions that exist in Libqual, Library as Place gets first rank with a value of 3,31 which is the most optimal service quality.

Karakteristik Diabetic Foot Ulcer (DFU) pada Individu dengan Diabetes Mellitus (DM): Studi Deskripsi – Cross Sectional

Diabetic Foot Ulcer (DFU) is one of the complications often experienced by patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). This is a serious problem that leads to disability, morbidity, and mortality among diabetic patients. However, in Indonesia, studies about DFU characteristics are very limited. This study aimed to describe DFU characteristics among patients with DM. A consecutive sampling involved patients who met inclusion criteria was performed in Tugurejo Hospital; Islamic Sultan Agung Hospital, and Dr. Moewardi Hospital. Their demographic characteristics, clinical condition, and wound appearances were noted and documented. Diabetic Foot Ulcer Assessment Scale (DFUAS) that consists of 11 characteristics was used to observe the wound features. The data were quantitatively analyzed to elucidate the result. A total of 73 patients participated in this study. It was revealed that 50.7% were females and 75.3% have been diagnosed with hyperglycemia. The average age of the respondents was 53.26 years. Observation of DFU characteristics showed that depth of wound was identified more in subcutaneous/ dermis to fatty tissue (40 patients; 54.8%) than in other layers. Moreover, our findings indicated that most of the respondents were identified at a severe level of the wound (55; 75.3%). It is concluded that DFU characteristics vary among patients with DM. Early identification and intensive surveillance are important to improve the management of DFU and to avoid lower limb amputation.

LEGAL STUDIES COURSES ENTREPRENEURSHIP, LEADERSHIP AND PROPAGATION IN SHAPING INTERESTS AND DEVELOPMENT PATTERNS OF STUDENT ENTREPRENEURIAL LEGAL STUDIES

To overcome the labor force in our country continues to increase from year to year, the government has transformed the world of education by requiring entrepreneurship education at several universities, including in Faculty of Law, Islam Sultan Agung IslamicUniversity. Entrepreneurship courses, Propagation leadership and has even become one of the special compulsory curricula. The goal is that students thinking paradigm change, ie of thinking worker became the creator of the work. The mindset of the student is stilldominated by the desire to be employees. Lack of motivation and interest in entrepreneurship is thought to be one cause their mindset has not changed. Conditions were not much different there as well may occur and are experienced by students of legalscience education program undergraduate Sultan Agung Islamic University. Hopefully, the results of this study could also be input for the faculty of law, in particular lecturer entrepreneurship courses, the materials, and the learning process the eye teachingentrepreneurship suitable and appropriate for students of legal studies program undergraduate.